國際英語學校-GLOBAL-IELTS-SCHOOL-全真版本寫作訓練班專用教材

LastupdatedonJanuary12,2006GlobalIELTSSchool(BJ)Allrightsreserved.Alwaysshootforthesky,becauseifyoufail,youwillbeamongthestars.第一講雅思寫作考試對中國考生的四個難點(Chapter1:TheFourHurdlesinIELTSWritingTest難點一:AcademicWriting學術類寫作問題的特殊要求(改錯練習)1.Sinceprivatecompaniesdon'tcaremuchaboutthepublicinterests,sothegovernmenthasasignificantroletoplayinscientificresearch.(不能縮寫)2.Whythesetravellersdamagetheenvironmentshouldbeanalyzed.(英式美式拼法不能混用)3.Wemustdoourbest(utmost)toprotect(preserve)animals.(詞匯用法太嫩)4.Itisclear(manifest)thatpornographicshowsdoharmto(undermine,endanger,jeopard)thelivesoflotsofyoungster(adolescent).詞匯,專有特定的修飾5.Nowadays(Inpresent-daysociety),humanbeingsfacebigchallengesinmanyareas.6.Inthesedayandage,manycompanieshavereplacedtelephonewithinternet.7.Weareconfrontedwithmanyenvironmentalproblems.Theyarebecomingmoreandmoreserious.(句式,語法)8.Thetrafficproblemisbecomingworse.Wemustworktogethertosolveit.(句子結構)9.Soindividuals,communitiesandthegovernmentallmustworkhardtofightcrime!(不應該帶感情色彩)10.WemustbefriendlytootherbecausetheBiblesaid,"Treatyourneighborsasyouwouldliketobetreated."(文化背景,圣經(jīng)不可用)難點二:Nospecifictopicpool.題庫大,沒有公開,而且題目變化多.對策:雅思話題不會超出十大類別:文明類:TourismEducationGovernmentWomenandfamiliesLanguageandcultureTechnologyandtheMediaDevelopmentandglobalization野蠻類:CrimeAnimalsEnvironmentalproblem難點三:中國大陸考生對很多話題不熟悉,考場上思考素材花費時間太長對策:掌握思考素材的四種方法A分類法Somehigh-schoolgraduatesgototravelorworkforaperiodoftimebeforetheygotostudyinuniversities.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthispracticetotheirstudies.Somepeoplethinkoldbuildingshouldbedestroyedandreplacedtomakeroomfornewconstructions.TowhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreeB替代法Somepeoplethinkmotorizedflightwasthegreatestinventioninthetwentiethcentury.DoyouagreeordisagreeSomepeoplethinkstricterpunishmentfordrivingoffendersistheonlyeffectivewaytoimprovesafetyontheroad.TowhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreeSomepeoplethinkanimalexperimentationshouldbebannedbecausetheyarecruel.TowhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreeC綜合法Somepeoplethinkstudentsshouldbeallowedtoevaluatetheteachers'jobperformance.Othersthinkthiswillleadtolossofdisciplineandrespect.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Somepeoplethinkthegovernmentshouldpayforeducationandhealthcare.Othersthinkthisisnottheresponsibilityofthegovernment.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.D裸奔法(無想法時的救命稻草)Peopletodaycanperformtheeverydaytaskssuchasshopping,bankingorevenbusinesstransactions,withoutmeetingothersface-to-face.WhateffectswillthisphenomenonhaveonindividualsandsocietyasawholeUnlikemanyothercountries,policeofficersintheUKdonotcarryguns.Somepeoplethinkthisisawisepolicy.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree往以下這些方面考慮論點取第一個字母縮寫:TMSTREEC$Technology&EfficiencyEnvironment&HealthMind&SoulEmployment&CompetitionSociety&CrimeCulture&PopulationTime&SpaceMoney&FunRights&ResponsibilitiesTMSTREEC$Tech&EfEnvi&HealMind&soulEmpl&CompSoci&CrimCul&PlpTimes&SpaMo&FunRi&Resp難點四:中國考生掌握語法的深度和廣度讓人驚嘆,但是使用時準確度不夠對策:雅思寫作"語法的七宗罪"改錯練習1.Employeecanbenefitmorefromtelecommutingthanemployee.(n.可數(shù)不可數(shù))2.1Workathomeusingmoderntechnologycangreatlyenhanceourefficiency.(v.原型不可做主語)2.2Childrenwhoareraiseinimpoverishedfamiliescangenerallydealwithproblemsmoreeffectivelyintheiradultyears.(被動語態(tài))2.3Theproblemsthatarecreatedbyenvironmentalcontaminationisveryhardtoresolve.(主謂一致)2.4Inpresent-daysociety,cultureswerebecomingverysimilar.(時態(tài))3.Intelligentstudentsshouldnotbetreateddifferentbytheirteachers.副詞4.1Countriesshouldpayattentiononthedisadvantagesglobalizationmaycreate.介詞4.2TheInternethasinsteadofteachersinmanyclassrooms.5.Someparentsdonotobeytrafficruleshimself.6.Theseoldbuildingsshouldbedestroyed,newbuildingsmustbeconstructed.逗號7.Theseareagreatmanychildrenthinkthemainpurposeofeducationshouldbetoaffordthempleasureandenjoyment.補充材料IELTS作文復雜句的七種內部關系(SevenpossiblerelationshipsUnderlyingacomplexsentence)Causeandeffect因果關系標志詞1)表示原因的because,as,since,dueto,owingto(畫橫線的連接詞請重點掌握)2)表示結果的hence(因此),thus(因此),therefore(因此),Asaconsequence,…(作為結果)Accordingly…(相應的),Asaresult…(作為結果)Consequently…(作為結果)so…that…(如此…以致…)E.g.Theecologicalproblemsarebeingaggravated.Hence,itisimperativethatwetakemeasurestocurbthepollutionoftheenvironment.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)正在急劇的惡化,因此,我們必須采取嚴厲的措施遏制對環(huán)境的污染.Exemplification舉例關系標志詞…isacaseinpoint.(某人或某事是一個恰當?shù)睦?)Take…forexample.(以…為例)forinstance.(比如…)ToIllustrate…(例如…)Asanillustration…(作為例證…)e.g.TheAsiancountriesaregettingwesternizedatastaggeringrate.TakeChinaforexample,whenyoungstersgotothemovies,itisstandardpracticeforthemtochooseHollywoodblockbusteroverdomesticfilms.亞洲國家正以一種驚人的速度變得西方化,以中國為例,當年輕人去電影院的時候,通常都會選擇好萊塢大片而不是中國電影.Comparisonandcontrast對比關系標志詞While…,whereas…,whilst…,incontraste.g.Whereas/whilemodernmanissorushedandsostressed,ourancestorscouldoftenperformtheirbusinessinarelaxedmanner.(對比)現(xiàn)代人的生活是如此的奔忙與緊張,而我們的祖先卻可以不慌不忙的從事他們的事務.e.g.Theeducationalandmedicalfacilitiesinbigcitiesaremostlyveryadvanced.Incontrast,theircounterpartsinthecountrytendtobeofinferiorquality.Concession讓步關系標志詞Despite/inspiteof…(后面只能跟名詞名詞詞組或者動名詞)(盡管有…),albeit…(盡管,后面只能跟形容詞或者介詞短語),形容詞+asitmaybe…(盡管,前面只能加形容詞),Nonetheless/Nevertheless,(盡管如此)e.g.1Toughasitmaybetogetaccustomedtoanewculture,itwillproveveryrewarding.盡管適應新的文化可能很難,但這會被證明是很值得的.2RoteLearningisattimesnecessary,albeitmonotonous.死記硬背有時候是必要的,盡管很枯燥和機械.3Thegovernmentplaysacrucialroleinscientificresearch,Nonetheless,privatecompaniesholdcertainadvantagesinconductingscientificresearch.Definition下定義關系標志詞Aisbestcharacterizedby…(A最明顯的特征是…),Aconstitutes…(A構成…)Ameans…,Aconsistsof…(A由…組成).e.g.Afinejournalistisbestcharacterizedbydiscipline,determinationandkeenobservations.一個好的記者最重要的特點是自律,毅力和敏銳的觀察.Animalexperimentation,insomecases,constitutescallousabuseoftestanimals.Supposition假設論證,標志詞providedthat…(如果)giventhechoice…(如果可以選擇的話…)onlyif…(只有…)aslongas…(只要)if…,supposethat…e.g.Providedthatwecanminimizethepainoftestanimals,animalexperimentationshouldbecontinued.e.g.Giventhechoice,manypeoplewouldliveinbigcitiesratherthanthecountryside.Modification修飾關系標志詞that,which,whoInthisdayage,wehaveaproliferationofbuildingsthatlookexactlylikethebuildingsourancestorsbuilt.Today,teenagestudentsareunderincreasinglyseverestressintheirstudies,whichhasdisturbedandalarmedmanyadults.補充資料IELTS寫作考試的常用模板和句型說明A內容分為三部分:開頭段通用模板,主體段為加分句型,結尾段為模板;B為了方便同學使用,又分為進步類,倒退類,中間類和解決類模板;C這里職包括作者Patrick在IELTS寫作大作文里實際寫作種經(jīng)過檢驗確實實用的模板,不常用的或者小作文的模板沒有包括.開頭段通用模板進步類1)Incontemporarysociety,thehumanraceisadvancingatanunprecedentedrateinamultitudeofarenas.在當今社會,人類正以前所未有的速度在很多領域向前發(fā)展.2)Todaywehaveembarkeduponthe…era.今天,我們已經(jīng)進入了…的時代.Wehaveembarkedupontheinformationera.3)Sincetheadvent/arrivalofthe…era…隨著…時代的到來…例句:Sincetheadventoftheinformationera,ourefficiencyatworkhasbeengreatlyenhanced.隨著信息時代的到來,我們的工作效率得到了很大的提高.例句2Withtheadventoftheinformationera,schooleducationhasundergoneprofoundchangesatanacceleratedrate.倒退類4)ButAisattended/accompaniedbyB但是伴隨著…(某種好現(xiàn)象)的到來,某種壞現(xiàn)象也出現(xiàn)了.例句:ButtheproliferationofEnglishisaccompaniedbytheextinctionofmanylesser-knownlanguages.但是隨著英語的廣泛傳播的是大量小語種的消亡.5)Accompanyingalltheboonsbroughtaboutbytheprofoundsocialchangeshavecomsomesufferings;and…isveryprominentamongthem.隨著深刻的社會變革帶來的種種好處,出現(xiàn)了很多問題,…是其中很顯著的一個.6)Withtheincidence(發(fā)生率)of…h(huán)overingathighlevels,manyhavebecomedisturbedandalarmed.…的發(fā)生率居高不下,這引起了很多人的困擾和警覺.例句:Withtheincidenceofdrivingoffenseshoveringathighlevels,manyhavebecomedisturbedandalarmed.7)Inthisdayandage,itisstandardpracticefor…todosomething.今天,某些人做某事是很普遍的.例句:Inthisdayandage,itisstandardpracticeforparentstorusharoundalldaybusyingthemselveswiththeirwork.8)Suchagravesituationmeritsourcarefulattention.這樣一個嚴重的情況值得我們關注.9)Theissueof…h(huán)asbeenthrownintosharprelief/focus.…引起了人們的強烈關注.例句:Soaringcarownershiphasthrowntheissueofcaraccidentsintosharprelief.10)However,thereisnoconsensuson…yet.或者peopleholddivergent/contrasting/conflictingviewon…或者peoplearedividedover…不同的人關于某個問題持不同的看法.例句:Peopleholdcontrastingviewsonanimalexperiments.人們對動物試驗持不同的看法.11)Somethinghasbeengrowingatanalarming/staggeringrate.某事物正在以令人震驚的速度增長.例句:WiththecarownershipsoaringinChina,trafficaccidentshavebeengrowingatanalarming/staggeringrate.12)Whether…h(huán)astriggered/sparked/aroused/givenrisetospiriteddebate.是否應該…引起了激烈的辯論,同樣的意思還可以用以下三個常用句型表達…Whether…isahighlydebatableissue.或者Whether…isanissueopentodebate或者Whether…isacontroversialissue.例句:Whetherstudentshouldappraisetheirteachers'performanceisanissueopentodebate.是否學生應該評價老師的教學是一個沒有定論的問題.13)Some(people)assert/contend/argue/hold/maintain/claim/think/believethat…有一些人認為…例句:Somepeopleassertthatrelocatinglargecompaniestothecountrysideisthebestwaytoresolvethetrafficandhousingproblemsincities.一些人認為把大公司搬到鄉(xiāng)村是解決城市交通和住房的最好方法.14)…islargelyfuelledby...某現(xiàn)象主要是被…所推動.例句:Theproliferationofplasticbagislargelyfuelledbythepursuitforlowercosts.IELTS議論文主體段寫作加分37句型前進類1profitfromPeopletheworldovercanprofitfromtheadvancementinmotorizedflight.2Aisanintegral/indispensablepartofBAdvertisinghasbecomeanindispensablepartofourlivesandithasbeenexertingprofoundinfluenceonthewaywelive,work,playandlearn.3somethingplaysapivotal/keyrolein…Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthateducationplaysapivotalroleinindividualsuccess.4enable/allowsomebodytodosomethingCulturalassimilationenablesnewly-arrivedimmigrantstogetaheadinthenewsocietysuccessfully.5getaccustomedtodosomething/adjustto/adapttoNewimmigrantsmustgetaccustomedtothelocalculturetosucceed.6Someonecangetaccesstosomething或者canaccesssomething或者canutilizesomethingInthisdayandage,manyindividualscanaccesstheInternetviacomputerormobilephone.倒退類1…isattendedby/…isaccompaniedbyThestaggeringadvancementoftechnologyisattendedbyserverpollutionoftheecosystem.2Themore…themore…Themorevehiclesontheroad,themoretrafficcongestionstooccur.3AcanbeattributedtoB或者BstemsfromATheproliferationoftrafficaccidentscanbeinlargemeasureattributedtothetrafficlawnotbeingstringentenough.4beafflictedwith/beplaguedwithInpresent-daysociety,ahostofcountriesareafflictedwithchronicpoverty.5deprivesomeoneofsomethingModerncitiesdeprivecity-dwelleroffreshairandthecomfortablepaceoflife.6somethingprompt/impelssomebodytodo…Peerpressureoftenimpelsyoungstertospendexcessivelyonfancyclothesandaccessories.7AhasrenderedB+adj./noun形容詞或名詞Wemustensurethattechnologicalinnovationswillnotrenderusslavestohightechnology.其中Wemustensurethat..意思是我們必須確?！覀儽仨毚_保科技創(chuàng)新不會讓我們變成高科技的奴隸.Thefast-pacedwayoflifehasrenderedmanypeoplealienatedfromoneanother.快節(jié)奏的生活讓很多人彼此疏遠.8Arecentstudyconductedbythe(ChineseacademyofSocialScience)revealthat…如果是教育問題用UNESCO如果是犯罪問題可以用theMinistryofJustice交通問題可以用theMinistryofTransportation建筑問題可以用theMinistryofConstruction環(huán)境問題可以HSUSandGreenpeaceArecentstudyconductedbyHSUSandGreenpeacesuggestedthattherewereoveronemillionmammalsinlabcagestoday.9beaddictedto/preoccupiedwithsomethingInpresent-daysociety,manyindividualsareaddictedto/preoccupiedwithvariousformsofgambling.10somethingisthechiefculpritin或者somethingistherootcauseof…Thepopulationexplosionisthechiefculpritin/therootcauseofwaterscarity.11beconfrontedwithsomethingIncontemporarysociety,weareconfrontedwithaplethoraofviolentandpornographicTVshows.12present/poseathreatto…Incontemporarysociety,theproliferationofnon-biodegradablerubbishposesagravethreattohumanity.13beawashwith/beinundatedwithsomethingThemediaarebeawashwith/beinundatedwithdetailedcrimecoverage.14if…somethingwillensueIfparentsneglecttheiroffspring,lackofdisciplineandrespectwillensue.15Withtheincidenceof…h(huán)overingathighlevels,manyhavebecomedisturbedandalarmed.Withtheincidenceofdrivingoffenseshoveringathighlevels,manyhavebecomedisturbedandalarmed.16somethingisunwarranted/unjustifiableExperimentinguponlabanimalswithouttryingtoalleviatetheirpainisunwarranted/unjustifiable.中間類1…onthegroundsthat…Someothersopposetoanimalexperimentationonthegroundsthatitisinhumane.2exertbeneficial/baneful/profoundinfluenceonsomethingInthisdayandage,globalizationisexertingprofoundimpactonthewaywework,live,playandlearn.3Aprevailover/outweigh/outbalanceBTheadvantagesofimposingstifferpunishmentondrivingoffenderprevailoverthedisadvantages.4Abringabout/generate/breed/engender/spawn/induceB.Technologicalinnovationshavebroughtaboutprofoundchangestothepolitical,economicalandculturalarenas.5AisakeydeterminantofBInanindividual'scareer,tenacityisakeydeterminantofsuccess.6Itismanifestthat…或者Itisuniversallyacknowledgethat…Itismanifestthatglobalizationcanalsoengenderahostofbanestothelivesofpeopleinthethird-worldcountries.解決類1giveprioritytosomethingThegovernmentshouldgiveprioritytotheoptimizationofitsfinancialresources.2dedicatedAtoBThegovernmentshoulddedicatemoremoneytothealleviationofchronicpoverty.3belikelytofallpreyto/bevulnerabletoWithoutproperparentalguidance,childrenareveryvulnerabletotheviolentorpornographiccontentonTVshows.4somethingshouldbecondemnedratherthancondoned(押尾韻)Indiscriminatecopyingoftraditionalarchitecturalstyletodayshouldbecondemnedratherthancondoned.5itisimperative/crucial/key/essentialthat…或者somethingisofparamount/overridingimportance.Tothenewly-arrivedimmigrants,itisimperativethattheyadapttothelocalcultureimmediately.6abideby/complywithItisessentialthatgovernmentpassmorestringentlawstocompeldriverstoabideby/complywiththelaw.7somethingrequires/necessitates/callfor…Thegraveecologicalproblemrequires/necessitates/callforjointeffortofallthenationsontheglobe.8distinguishbetweenAandBManyyoungsterslackthecapacitytodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.9mustensurethatParentsmustensurethattheydedicateenoughtimeandenergytotheiroffspring.結尾段常用模板1)basedontheabovediscussion,Iamconvincedthat…(用于一邊倒文章的結尾段)基于以上的討論,我確信…2)Inthefinalanalysis,Iconcedethat…However,….Onbalance…(用于折衷式文章結尾段)作為最后總結,我承認…但是…綜合起來看…3)Theupsideofsomething,outweighsitsdownside或者thestrengthsofsomething,prevailoveritsweaknesses或者theprosofsomethingoutbalanceitscons.某事利大于弊(如果弊大于利把順序顛倒一下就可以了)IELTS作文常用同義詞人類thehumanrace,humanity,man,humankind,Homosapiens在當代incontemporarysociety,inpresent-daysociety,inthisdayandage解決(及物動詞)tackle,address,resolve,combat破壞(及物動詞)undermine,jeopardize,devastate(最后一個語氣最強)影響(名詞)impact,repercussions,ramifications,implications危險(名詞)perils,hazards,dangers明顯的(形容詞)manifest,apparent,evident,obvious從事(及物動詞)carryout,conduct,perform,goabout積極的,好的beneficial,advantageous消極的,壞的baneful,detrimental好處-壞處benefits,blessings,boons—banes,pros—cons,advantages—disadvantages,merit—demerit無處不在的prevalent,pervasive大量的ahostof,amultitudeof,avastnumberof(后面跟可數(shù)名詞復數(shù))agreatdealof,avastamountof(后面跟不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù))增進enhance代替improve貧窮的impoverished代替poor保護preserve代替protect富裕的affluent/wealthy代替rich污染contamination代替pollution需要(及物動詞)require,necessitate,callforPatrick考試經(jīng)驗分享(test-takingtips)有人提出先寫task2再寫task1.這種說法聽起來好像很新穎,其實是在回避考試的不確定性,與先寫task1再寫task2的做法沒有本質的優(yōu)劣之分,那么到底應該如何決定寫作順序呢根據(jù)我參加雅思考試的經(jīng)驗以及學生的反饋,在拿到考卷以后,不管一個人心理素質多好,絕對沒有人只會看一道題就開始寫作.任何考生都一定會本能的現(xiàn)把兩道題都很快的看一遍再開始寫其中的一道題.同學們很快地看完兩道題目以后,如果確實覺得task2地題目自己準備地很充分,有信心在40分鐘左右寫出一篇自己滿意地議論文,那么就應該先寫task2,因為task2占總分地60%.但是如果看完兩道題之后,你覺得task2地題目自己準備得不充分或者一時想不出足夠得內容,那么我強烈建議大家先寫task1.這是因為task1的結尾段往往需要從圖表中總結出深層的關系,這個task1結尾段深層關系對評分是很重要的.而task2的結尾段,與一些老師所持的觀點相反,除了"discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion"這一類題型之外,其他題型的結尾段只起概括上下文作用,在實際評分中并不是那么重要.因為考官在評閱大家的task2結尾段時,一般都清楚多數(shù)同學寫這一段的時候時間已經(jīng)時第58分鐘甚至59分50秒了,所以考官知道task2的結尾段時無法準確反映一個考生的寫作水平的,評分的時候互放松對結尾段的要求,而重點打擊開頭段和主體段.第二講十大全真版本范文,詞匯與模板Education類Somepeoplethinkstudentsshouldbeallowedtoevaluatetheirteachers'jobperformance.Othersbelievethatwillleadtolossofrespectanddiscipline.Discussandgiveyourownopinion.開頭段(不少于4句)Inthisdayandage,itisstandardpracticeforbusinessexecutivetofilloutperformance-evaluationformstogivetheirassessmentoftheirsubordinates'work.Butwhenitcomestotheevaluationofschoolteachers'jobperformancebytheirstudents,peopleholddivergentviews.Somearguethatstudentsshouldbeallowedtodoso.Otherscontendthatdisrespectandindisciplinewillensueifstudentsevaluatetheirteacherswork.Personally,Ibelieveboththesetwoviewshavesomemerit.主體段1(不少于5句)Granted,therecouldbesomepossibledrawbackstostudentsevaluatingtheirteachers'work.First,ifnotwell-managed,evaluationbythestudentsmaybecompletelyworthlessorevenmisleading.Itismanifestthatnotallstudentswouldgivetheirevaluationresponsiblyandsomestudentsmaymakemeancomments.Secondly,somestudentscriticizetheirteachernotbecausetheirteachershaveaslackattitudeabouttheirjob.Rathertheydosobecausetheydislikeorevendespiseschooling.主體段2(不少于7句)However,encouragingstudentstoevaluatetheirteachercanbringaboutmoreboons.Inthefirstplace,itisaneffectivemeansofmotivatingtheteacherstoimprovetheirlectures.Teachershavetokeepadjustingtheirteachingtomeasureuptotheexpectationsofthestudent.Inthesecondplace,regularinputaffordstheteacherobjectiveandbalancedideasabouttheirownperformance.Withoutsuchfeedback,itishardfortheteachertohaveaccurateassessmentoftheirownteaching.Inthethirdplace,ameasureofstudents'autonomycanmakethestudentbetterpreparedfortheiradultlife.Thestudentbecomesbetteratdecision-makingandcriticalthinking.結尾段(不少于3句)Inthefinalanalysis,Iconcedethatenablingthestudenttoevaluatetheirteachers'performancemighthavesomepotentialdrawback.However,byaveragingoutstudent'sappraisalandencouragethemtoevaluateresponsiblycaneliminatethedownsideofthispractice.Onbalance,Iamconvincedthatallowingstudentstoevaluatetheirteachersisinthebestinterestsofstudents,teachers,schooladministrators,andthesocietyasawhole.Education類8分范文Childrenwhogrowupinfamilieswithoutlargeamountsofmoneyarebetterpreparedtodealwithproblemsintheiradultlifethanchildrenwhoarebroughtupbywealthyparents.Doyouagreeordisagree題目點評:這道題目是IELTSwritingtask2當中比較少見的"看著容易寫好太難"的題目(很多IELTS作文題目看起來很難,寫好卻不一定特別難).首先要注意到區(qū)別"familieswithoutlargeamountsofmoney"和"poorfamilies"這兩個概念的差異,前者不僅僅指"low-incomefamilies"還包括"middle-incomefamilies",所以題目的意思和一些同學概括的"窮人的孩子早當家不同";另外一個誤區(qū)在于因為這道題目和中國的文化比較貼近,很多同學會舉過多的簡單生活事例但是忽略了推理,論證缺乏深度.從論點上看,考慮到多數(shù)考生更熟悉中國的國情,肯定是totallyagree更好寫,布什的內閣里面現(xiàn)在也有拉洋板兒出生的(不過美國的富豪的孩子當中牛人還是出了不少,四十三位總統(tǒng)里面也有大量的富家子弟,從整體上看西方有錢的家長更舍得讓自己的孩子經(jīng)歷風雨).既然觀點寫一邊倒,那么結果當然就是五段式――開頭段轉述題目+主旨句,主體段1講一般家庭的孩子比富家孩子有更強的心理承受能力,主體段2講一般家庭的孩子有更強的獨立性,主體段3講普通家庭的家長對小孩的要求往往更嚴格,幾位段總結上三層意思.Thesisstatement和topicsentences(范文里用橫線標明)關鍵詞:incomegaps指收入差距incomeinequality指收入不均intergenerational兩代人之間的turnthetable是個idiom,有點像中文說的"打翻身仗"offspring孩子counterpart相對應的人(或事務)meritocraticsociety說白了就是"憑本事吃飯的社會"self-restraint自制能力infancy嬰兒期frugality勤儉financialstrains說白了就是缺錢,名詞well-off/affluent(adj)/well-to-do/wellheeled/wealthy自己管理自己,名詞initiative主動性well-acquainted對某事很熟悉,mitigate緩解,要說解決問題,雅思里面詞匯也特多tackle/address/solveresolvegrapplewith/combat再加題目里面的dealwith,大家挑著用啦Itiswidelyacceptedthatwehavebeenlivingina"therichgetricherwhereasthepoorgetpoorer"ageintermsofincomegapswithinageneration.However,tothisday,therehasbeennoconsensusyetovertheextenttowhichincomeinequalityisintergenerational.Somecontendthattheoffspringoflow-incomeandmiddle-incomeparentscanlargelygrowupmanifestbetterproblem-solvingabilitiesduringadulthoodthantheirhigh-incomefamilycounterpartstherebyturningthetablesociallyandfinancially.Personally,Ibelievethisisgenerallythecaseinanymeritocraticsociety.(Thesisstatement)Firstandforemost,childrenraisedinhouseholdnotinpossessionofagoodfortuneareconditionedearlyonintheirlivestoexerciseself-controlandself-restraint.Theseindividualslearnfromtheirinfancyonwardthatnoteverythingtheycravewillbecometheirsinstantaneously.Everysooftentheirwishesgobeyondtheirparents'meansandtheyhavetocometotermswiththeresultingsenseoffrustrationorrejection.Throughoutthechildhoodandearlyadulthoodyearstheyaretemperedbytherepeatedexperiencesofparents'denialoftheirrequestsandfrugalityisinculcatedintotheirmindsasavirtue.Consequentlythesechildren,forthemostpart,areapttointerpretscrimpingandsaving,emotionaluneasiness,notinfrequentfinancialstrainsandmenialfirstjobsasanintegralpartofliferatherthanadevastatingordeal.Hencetheyendupbeingbetterabletomanagestressintheiradultyearsandlesslikelytopanicorgetdauntedwhenproblemsoccur.Further,childrenbroughtupbyparentsoflowormiddleeconomicstatusoftengrowuptobephysically,mentallyandprofessionallymoreindependentthanchildrenbroughtupbyaffluentparents.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatchildrenwhoseparentsarenotparticularlywell-offaremorelikelythanchildrenofaffluenthouseholdstoknowhowtogetthemostoutofamodestallowance,iftheyevergetsuchathingatall.Totheformergroupofchildrenmostdesirablethingsinlifehavetobe"earned"—thatis,moreoftenthannottheymustputforthgreateffortbeforetheirdesireisfulfilled.Ontheotherhand,busy,lowormediumsalariedparentstranslateintomoreautonomyandinitiativeonthechildren'spart.Thisoriginallydisadvantagedgroupbecomesspontaneousandhandythroughcraftingtoyontheirown,resourcefulbycookingtheirownmeals,tactfulwithcoaxingtheirparentsintobuyingthemgifts,intelligentthankstotheabsenceofprivatetutors,savvyindoingsummerjobs,andaboveall,unrelentinginpursuingtheirdreams.Lastly,non-wealthyparentstypicallyhavehigherandmoredefiniteaspirationfortheirchildrenthanwell-to-doparents.Well-acquaintedwithallthedisadvantagesameagerorfair-to-middlingbankaccountgenerates,manynon-wealthyparentspintheirhopesontheirchildrentogettheirfamiliesupwardlymobile.Theseadultsmostlyhavehighbehavioral,educationaland(subsequently)occupationalexpectationsfortheirchildren.Asaresult,theycannotaffordtobepermissiveparents.Spoilingtheiroffspringrottenisthelastthingtheycaretodoandtheyarealwaysreadytodisciplinetheirchildrenwhentheymisbehave.Theykeeptabsontheirchildren'sgradesatschoolanddonotsparetherodwhentheiroffspringdonotmeasureupacademically.Theoddsofchildrenraisedinsuchrigorousenvironmentshavinggoodproblem-solvingskillsareapparentlybetterthanchildrenraisedotherwise.Toconclude,thechiefdeterminantofindividuals'problem-solvingskillsisnottheamountofmoneytheirparentscanamasswhentheyarelittle.Rather,hands-onexperienceincomprehending,analyzing,resolving,mitigatingorcircumventingproblemsismoreessentialtothecultivationofproblem-solvingabilities.Hence,Iamconvincedthatfamilieswithoutgreatwealtharemoreadvantageoustothedevelopmentofindividualcapacitytotackleproblems.Education類詞匯Education:1)培養(yǎng)(某種素質)cultivate/foster/nurture(vts)促進學生身心發(fā)展promotethestudent'sphysical,mental(或者用intellectual)andemotionaldevelopment心理健康psychologicalsoundness/well-being/welfare(nouns)學習能力(先天就有的)aptitude/talent學習能力(后天學習到的)ability/skill學生接受的學校教育(名詞)schooling(noun)兒童接受的家庭教育(名詞)upbringing(noun)給學生以動力givethestudentsmotivationtodosomething或者motivate(vt)thestudenttodosomething青少年adolescents/youngsters/youths2)傳授知識impart(vt)/inculcate(vt)knowledge灌輸高尚的道德觀念instill(vt)highmoralvalues(注以values復數(shù)比試價值觀)給學生以靈感stimulatethestudents;thought或者givethestudentsinspiration家長教育子女的方式(名詞)parenting/upbringing教學法teachingmethodology/pedagogicalmethodology適應(動詞)adapttodosomething/adjustoneselftodosomething/becomeaccustomedtodosomething適應能力adaptability學生對老師所教授的知識的掌握students'grasp/command(nouns)ofwhathasbeentaught就業(yè)技能employable/marketableskill3)限制創(chuàng)造力的發(fā)展extinguish(vt)/stifle(vt)/constrain(vt)creativity(noun)打擊學生的積極性dampen/sap(vts)thestudents'enthusiasm或者frustratethestudents產(chǎn)生不不要的壓力beget/createunduepressure塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt)one'scharacter責任感asenseofobligation學生不應該只是被動的接收簡單知識的容器studentshouldnotbetreatedaspassivereceptaclesofpredigestedideas.死記硬背learnthingbyrote.4)記憶方程式,公式,定理,定律memorizeequations,formulas,theoremsandlaws(nouns)應用apply(vt)盲從followsomethingblindly/indiscriminately(adv)用填鴨式教學教育學生force-feed(vt)thestudents為了記憶而記憶memorizeformemorization'sownsake5)把學生分開教育(比如根據(jù)智力或者課堂上的表現(xiàn))segregate(vt)students來自于其他同學的壓力peerpressure逆境adversecircumstances/adversity團隊精神teamspirit(noun)獨立思考:thinkindependently(adv)6)在理解的基礎上學習learnthingsthroughunderstanding鼓勵學生用辨證的眼光看問題encouragestudentstothinkcritically(adv)學生的反饋students'feedback或者students'input學生評價老師的教學studentsappraise/evaluatetheirteachers'performance7)學生學習的各門功課加在一起curriculum(noun)具體的一門課的內容syllabus課外活動extra-curricularactivity學校是社會的縮影Aschoolissocie