四川省瀘州市江陽區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省瀘州市江陽區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatcolorwastheman’slittlesweater?A.Purple. B.White. C.Blue.——★參考答案★——A2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anisland. B.Aholiday. C.Anexplorer.——★參考答案★——A3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Classmates.——★參考答案★——C4.Whyisthewomanunabletogototheparty?A.Sheissick. B.Shehastowork. C.Sheisn’tinterestedinit.——★參考答案★——B5.Whatdidthespeakersdobeforethedialogue?A.Theysawamovie. B.Theywatchedamatch. C.Theyattendedameeting.——★參考答案★——A第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的做答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Drivingacar. B.Repairingacar. C.Borrowingacar.7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Confused. B.Hesitant. C.Confident.——★參考答案★——6.B7.C聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers. B.Classmates. C.Neighbors.9.Howdidthewomanrespondtotheman’sinvitation?A.Shedeclinedit. B.Sheacceptedit. C.Shehesitated.——★參考答案★——8.B9.A聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Howlongdoesthemanwanttostay?A.Onenight. B.Twodays. C.Aweek.11.Whatroomdoesthemanlike?A.Adoubleroom. B.Aroomwhichcosts$260. C.Aroomwithaparkview.12.What’stheman’sroomnumber?A.408. B.806. C.508.——★參考答案★——10.A11.C12.C聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.WhyisChenaskingforleave?A.Toprepareforthefinalexam.B.Tospendtimewithherparents.C.TotravelaroundinLosAngeles.14.WhatdoweknowaboutChen’sparents?A.Theydon’tspeakEnglish.B.Theywillgetaroundthemselves.C.Theydon’thaveanelectronictranslator.15.HowmanydaysisChenallowedtotakeoff?A.Twodays. B.Fourdays. C.Sevendays.16.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Employerandemployee.——★參考答案★——13.B14.A15.A16.B聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.HowmanychildrendoesMaryhave?A.Five. B.Three. C.Two.18.WhatwasMary’sdreamcareerwhenshewaslittle?A.Apilot. B.Anurse. C.Ateacher.19.WhatdidteacherssayaboutMaryatschool?A.Shewasfunny. B.Shewashard-working. C.Shewascaring.20.WhatisthenameofMary’syoungestson?A.John. B.George. C.Michael.——★參考答案★——17.A18.B19.C20.B第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AFourNewNatureTravelBooksBritishWoodlandEburyPublishing,￡22DiscoverthesecretworldofourtreeswiththisbookbybushcraftandsurvivalexpertRayMears,whotakesusonajourneyfromtheplantingoftheveryfirstseedlinginBritainathousandyearsagotothepresentday.Thebooklookstoourancestorstoshowhowman’shandiscriticalinshapingwoodland.It’sstructuredaroundhowwecan“use”ourwoods,providingaroottoexploresomeofBritain’smostremarkabletrees.NorthYorkMoors&YorkshireWoldsBradtGuides,￡l5.99A“slowtravel”guidetooneofBritain’smostbelovedlandscapes,thisnewlyupdatedbookremainstheonlystand-aloneguidetotheregion.WrittenbyYorkshireresident,outdoorsenthusiastandtravelwriterMikeBagshaw,ittakesinsandybeaches,woodlandsandchalkgrasslands.Ithasinformationonwalkingandcyclepaths,aswellaswildlife-watchingareas.Whale-anddolphin-watchingtoursarealsocovered.WildIslesHarperCollins,￡25.ThisrichphotographicguideaccompaniesthenewBBCdocumentaryseriesofthesamename,whichseesSirDavidAttenboroughcelebratethewondersofBritishwildlifeacrossarangeofhabitats.WrittenbynaturalhistoryjournalistPatrickBarkhamandproducerAlastairFothergill,eachchapterofthebookfocusesonaparticularkindofwildspace,fromourwidevarietyofgrasslandstoouroceanshores,woodlandsandremainingforests.SpringwatchBBCBooks,￡18.99.ExploretheUK’srichestregionsforwildlifewith100walkschosenfortheiruniqueplantsandanimals.WrittenbyWales-basedtraveljournalistLukeWaterson,withaforeword(前言)byChrisPackham,thisnewguideispublishedtogetherwiththecurrentSpringwatchBBCTVseriesandfeatureswalksthatbestrevealthediversityofBritishnature.21.WhatisBritishWoodlandabout?A.Survivalskills. B.ThejourneytoBritain.C.Ancestors’hardships. D.Theexplorationofwoodland.22.Bywhomisthecheapestbookwritten?A.RayMears. B.MikeBagshaw.C.PatrickBarkham. D.LukeWaterson.23.WhatdoWildIslesandSpringwatchhaveincommon?A.BothareadaptedforTVseries.B.Botharewrittenbyco-authors.C.Bothfocusonphotographytechniques.D.BothrevealthediversityofBritishculture.——★參考答案★——21.D22.B23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四本新的自然旅游書籍?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個標題下“DiscoverthesecretworldofourtreeswiththisbookbybushcraftandsurvivalexpertRayMears,whotakesusonajourneyfromtheplantingoftheveryfirstseedlinginBritainathousandyearsagotothepresentday.（叢林工藝和生存專家雷·米爾斯的這本書揭示了我們樹木的秘密世界，他帶領(lǐng)我們踏上了從一千年前在英國種植第一棵幼苗到今天的旅程。）”可知，這本書主要是關(guān)于探索林區(qū)的，故選擇D項。【22題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)句第二個標題下的“BradtGuides,￡l5.99（實用指南l5.99英鎊）”以及其他三本書的價格對比可知，NorthYorkMoors&YorkshireWolds這本書是四本書中最便宜的，以及本段中“WrittenbyYorkshireresident,outdoorsenthusiastandtravelwriterMikeBagshaw,ittakesinsandybeaches,woodlandsandchalkgrasslands.（該書由約克郡居民、戶外愛好者和旅行作家邁克·巴格肖撰寫，內(nèi)容涉及沙灘、林地和白堊草原。）”可知，價格最低的這本書的作者是邁克·巴格肖，故選擇B項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三個標題下“ThisrichphotographicguideaccompaniesthenewBBCdocumentaryseriesofthesamename,whichseesSirDavidAttenboroughcelebratethewondersofBritishwildlifeacrossarangeofhabitats.（這本豐富的攝影指南伴隨著英國廣播公司新的同名紀錄片系列，大衛(wèi)·愛登堡爵士在該系列中慶祝英國野生動物在各種棲息地的奇跡。）”以及第四個標題下“thisnewguideispublishedtogetherwiththecurrentSpringwatchBBCTVseriesandfeatureswalksthatbestrevealthediversityofBritishnature.（他的新指南與英國廣播公司目前的春望電視系列片一起出版，以最能揭示英國自然多樣性的散步為特色。）”可知，兩者的共同點在于都被改編成了電視系列片，故選擇A項。BDonatellaFlickwasthewinnerofthecompetition’s17thpart.Shewantedtofindyoungconductorsatthebeginningoftheircareersandmakesuretheyhadtoolstoenablethemnottogiveupuntiltheysucceed.“It’ssoimportanttotrainyoungtalentsandgivethemtheopportunitiestosucceed,”shesaid,reflectingonfoundingtheDonatellaFlickConductingCompetition33yearsago.Thatwaswhy,sheemphasized,theprizewentbeyondthecashaward—whichwasahealthy￡15,000—andofferedthewinnertheopportunitytoassisttheLondonSymphonyOrchestra(LSO)forayear.Theycouldworkwithsomeoftheworld’sfinestconductorsandlayfoundationsforasuccessfulconductingcareer.FlickwasbornPrincessDonatellaMissikoff.Since1917,Flickhassuccessfullybuiltacareerandreputationasanartist.Shenoworganizescharitablefoundationsandprojectallovertheworld.WiththeCompetition,shewasmotivatedbyfindingmoretalentsinunexpectedplaces—beforediversityandinclusionspreadthroughdifferentindustriesasnew“buzzwords”.“Onewaytodothiswastobroadentherangeforapplications,soweopenedupentriestoconductorsfromIceland,Liechtenstein,NorwayandSwitzerlandin2018.Sincethen,I’vebeenverypleasedtoseeconductorsfromthosecountriesreachthelistofcompetitors,”shesaid.“OneofthemajorchangesthatI’vebeenveryhappytoseeisthatmorewomenareapplyingfortheCompetitionnowthanwhenwestartedin1990,andIhopethiscontinuesinfuturecompetitions.”Inviewofthefactthatonlyfourofthe20conductors—thatwas20percent—whoqualifiedforthe2023competitionwerewomen,itwasclearthatagenderimbalancepersisted.“Ithinkwehaveanewgenerationoffemaleconductorsemerging,andIwoulddeeplyencouragethemtoapplytotheCompetitionifthey’reatthestartoftheircareers,”Flicksaid,stillhopeful.24.WhydidFlickfoundtheConductingCompetition?A.Tobecomefamous. B.Tocontinueherfamilytradition.C.Totrainthefuturestarsofconducting. D.Topromotethefinestconductors’careers.25.HowdidFlickhelpyoungconductors?A.Byintroducingthemtosomeworld-classorchestras.B.Bysupportingthemfinancially.C.Byequippingthemwithconductingtools.D.Byprovidingmoreopportunitiesforthem.26.WhatmajorchangedoestheConductingCompetitionbring?A.Therangeforapplicationsisbroadenedeveryyear.B.Morefemalesintendtotakepartinitnow.C.Youthsworldwideengagethemselvesinconducting.D.Malesaccountfor80%ofthequalifiedconductors.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFlick?A.Kindandambitious. B.Generousandbrave.C.Sensibleandcreative. D.Energeticandproductive.——★參考答案★——24.C25.D26.B27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了DonatellaFlick指揮大賽的創(chuàng)始人DonatellaFlick創(chuàng)辦比賽的故事，包括她的初衷和想法，以及比賽提倡的理念、帶來的變化等?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““It’ssoimportanttotrainyoungtalentsandgivethemtheopportunitiestosucceed,”shesaid,reflectingonfoundingtheDonatellaFlickConductingCompetition33yearsago.(“培養(yǎng)年輕人才，給他們成功的機會是非常重要的，”她回憶起33年前創(chuàng)辦DonatellaFlick指揮大賽的經(jīng)歷。)”可知，F(xiàn)lick創(chuàng)辦指揮大賽是為了培養(yǎng)未來的指揮之星。故選C項?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thatwaswhy,sheemphasized,theprizewentbeyondthecashaward—whichwasahealthy￡15,000—andofferedthewinnertheopportunitytoassisttheLondonSymphonyOrchestra(LSO)forayear.Theycouldworkwithsomeoftheworld’sfinestconductorsandlayfoundationsforasuccessfulconductingcareer.(她強調(diào)，這就是為什么獎金不僅限于現(xiàn)金獎勵——可觀的1.5萬英鎊，還為獲獎?wù)咛峁┝藚f(xié)助倫敦交響樂團一年的機會。他們可以與一些世界上最優(yōu)秀的指揮家合作，為成功的指揮生涯奠定基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，F(xiàn)lick通過為年輕指揮家提供了更多的機會去幫助他們獲得成功。故選D項?！?6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“OneofthemajorchangesthatI’vebeenveryhappytoseeisthatmorewomenareapplyingfortheCompetitionnowthanwhenwestartedin1990,andIhopethiscontinuesinfuturecompetitions.(我很高興看到的一個主要變化是，與1990年比賽開始時相比，現(xiàn)在有更多的女性申請參加比賽，我希望這種情況在未來的比賽中繼續(xù)下去。)”可知，這項指揮比賽帶來的一個主要變化是現(xiàn)在有更多的女性打算參與其中。故選B項?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段中“Shewantedtofindyoungconductorsatthebeginningoftheircareersandmakesuretheyhadtoolstoenablethemnottogiveupuntiltheysucceed.(她希望在年輕指揮家的職業(yè)生涯開始時就找到他們，并確保他們有手段使他們在成功之前不會放棄。)”和第四段中“Shenoworganizescharitablefoundationsandprojectallovertheworld.(她現(xiàn)在在世界各地組織慈善基金會和項目。)”可知，F(xiàn)lick創(chuàng)辦了指揮大賽，希望幫助年輕指揮家取得職業(yè)成功，而且她積極投身慈善活動。由此可知，她為人善良而且富有抱負。故選A項。CSharingcouldbegivingsomebodyagift,helpingsomeonebydonatingsomemoney,sharingyourfoodwithapoorandhungryperson.Itcansimplymeangivingsometimetohelpothers.Whenyoureceivesomethingfromothers,itmakesyouhappy.Ontheotherhand,whenyougivesomethingtoothers,itmakesbothyouandthereceiverhappy.Fromtheoutside,sharingseemstogiveawayapartofyourtime,resourceorspacetoothers.Butwhenyousharesomethingwithothers,youcangetallkindsofpositivitiesinsideandoutsideyourself.Itcanenhanceyourmood,reduceyourstresslevel,decreaseyourbloodpressure,andhavealong-termeffectonyourlifeandlongevity(長壽).Sharingmakesyoubiggerinsideandinyoursocietyaswell.Takeknowledgeandloveforexample,themoreyoushare,themoreyouget.Ifyoumakesharingapartofyourlifeandpracticeitinyourdailylife,youwillgetmoreoutofyourlifedirectlyorindirectly,likehelp,support,love,cooperation,andalotmorefromothersevenatatimewhenyouarenotexpectingit.Thisiswhyitmakesyoubiggerandhappierwhenyousharesomethingwithothers.Wearelivinginaglobalvillagewhereeachoneofusisrelatedtoeachotherinsomewayorother.Whenyouvolunteer,yougiveawayyourtimeorwealthorknowledgetoapersonoragroupofpeople.Youwillrealizethatyouarenotaloneinthebigworld.Asaresult,youwon’tfeelleftoutinyoursociety.Sharingadvancescooperationandsocialconnection.Toliveharmoniously,weshouldlearnandpracticesharingourlifewithothers.Sharingcouldbeoneofthewaystobuildanidealsociety.So,whatareyouwaitingfor?Startgivingapartofyourselftoothersandseehowyourlifebecomesmorebeautiful,positive,lovelyandsatisfying.Givingmakesyoubetter,bigger,andbrighterinsideyou,inyoursociety,andevenintheentireglobalvillage.28.Whatcanbelearnedaboutsharingfromparagraph2?A.Itonlybenefitsthereceivers.B.Ittakesalotoftimeandenergy.C.Ithasnothingtodowithemotion.D.Itisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth.29.Whydoestheauthormentionknowledgeandloveinparagraph3?A.Tosaywhatisimportantinlife. B.Totellushowtofindhappiness.C.Toshowsharingmakesusbetter. D.Toremindushowtolivehappily.30.Whatmakesvolunteeringveryimportantintoday’sworld?A.Greatlyimprovedawareness. B.Highlydevelopedtechnology.C.Greatdependenceoneachother. D.Convenientmeansoftransportation.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toinspirethereaderstoshare.B.Tointroduceaninstructivebook.C.Togivethedefinitionofsharing.D.Tomakeothersbetterandhappier.——★參考答案★——28.D29.C30.C31.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了分享給我們的身心帶來的好處，并呼吁讀者去分享?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Butwhenyousharesomethingwithothers,youcangetallkindsofpositivitiesinsideandoutsideyourself.Itcanenhanceyourmood,reduceyourstresslevel,decreaseyourbloodpressure,andhavealong-termeffectonyourlifeandlongevity(長壽).”（但是，當你與他人分享一些東西時，你可以在自己內(nèi)外獲得各種積極性。它可以增強你的情緒，減輕你的壓力，降低你的血壓，并對你的生活和長壽產(chǎn)生長期影響。）可知，分享不僅有益于你的精神健康，減輕你的壓力，也有益于你的身體健康，讓你長壽，由此可知，分享有益于身心健康。故選D項。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Sharingmakesyoubiggerinsideandinyoursocietyaswell.Takeknowledgeandloveforexample,themoreyoushare,themoreyouget.”（分享會讓你在內(nèi)心和社會中變得更強大。以知識和愛為例，你分享的越多，你得到的就越多。）可知，文中以知識和愛為例，告訴我們你分享的越多，你得到的就越多，你就會變得更好，由此可知，作者在第三段中提到知識和愛，是為了展示分享讓我們變得更好。故選C項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Wearelivinginaglobalvillagewhereeachoneofusisrelatedtoeachotherinsomewayorother.Whenyouvolunteer,yougiveawayyourtimeorwealthorknowledgetoapersonoragroupofpeople.Youwillrealizethatyouarenotaloneinthebigworld.Asaresult,youwon’tfeelleftoutinyoursociety.”（我們生活在一個地球村里，在那里我們每個人都以某種方式相互聯(lián)系。當你做志愿者時，你會把你的時間、財富或知識奉獻給一個人或一群人。你會意識到，在這個大世界里，你并不孤單。因此，你不會覺得自己在社會中被冷落了。）可知，我們生活在一個地球村里，人與人之間彼此依賴，當你做志愿者時，你會意識到，在這個大世界里，你并不孤單，由此可知，彼此強烈的依賴性讓志愿服務(wù)在當今世界變得非常重要。故選C項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“So,whatareyouwaitingfor?Startgivingapartofyourselftoothersandseehowyourlifebecomesmorebeautiful,positive,lovelyandsatisfying.”（那么，你還在等什么？開始把自己的一部分奉獻給別人，看看你的生活如何變得更加美好、積極、可愛和滿足。）可知，作者在文章中介紹了分享的好處，并呼吁讀者去分享，由此可知，文章的主要目的是激勵讀者去分享。故選A項。DAstemperaturessoar,electricbillsoftengothroughtheroof.That’sbecausepeopletendtoturnontheirairconditionersduringthelong,hotsummermonths.It’sbeenpredictedthatby2050about75percentoftheworld’shomescouldhaveairconditioners.Ifthat’strue,theenergyrequiredtocoolbuildingswilldouble.Forthatreason,researcherscontinuetolookforsolutionstokeepair-conditionerusagetoaminimum.Someinnovationsarebeingusedalreadyorareintheprocessofbeingdeveloped.Certainbuildingmaterialscanfeelcoolerbecauseoftheirabilitytoabsorbheatandreleaseitslowly.Otherbuildingsusewatercoolingsystemstocoolthem.However,thesearen’ttheonlymethods.Sciencehasafewmoretricksupitssleeve.ResearchersatPurdueUniversityhavedevelopedtheworld’swhitestpaint.Thispaintcankeepabuilding’sexteriorsurfacecoolerthanthesurroundingtemperature.Onhotdays,wallsabsorbheatandoftenbecome10to20degreesCelsiushotterthantheairaroundthem.ButwallspaintedwithPurdue’swhitepaintreflect98.1percentoftheheatandsenditbackintospace.Thiscreatesacoolingeffect.PurdueprofessorXiulinRuanbelievesthatthesuper-whitepaintcouldhaveamorepowerfulcoolingeffectthanmanyhomeairconditioners.Researchershopetohavethepaintonthemarketinfiveto10years.YiZhengofNortheasternUniversityhascreateda“coolingpaper”.Thismaterialreflectsthesun’srayswhilepullingheatoutofabuilding’sinterior,andthepapercanberecycled.Heandhisteamdiscoveredthatthepaperhelpsbringdownaroom’stemperaturebyabout6degreesCelsius.Zhenghopesthatthecoolingpaperwillsomedaybeusedonroofsandwithinbuildingmaterials.Nowandinthefuture,perhapssomeoftheseenergy-efficientmethodswillmakeiteasiertobeattheheat.32.Whydoestheauthormentiontheairconditionersatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Todescribeafact. B.Tosupportanidea.C.Toprovideexamples. D.Tointroducethetopic.33.WhatdoweknowaboutPurdue’swhitepaint?A.Ithasbeenonthemarket.B.Itistheworld’scoolestpaint.C.Wallspaintedwithitreflectmostoftheheat.D.Itcankeepthewholebuilding’ssurfacecooler.34.WhatcanweinferaccordingtoYiZheng?A.Thesurfaceofabuildingsisbettercoveredwithpaper.B.Buildingswillbebuiltmostlywithcoolingpapersomeday.C.Thecoolingpaperwillbepracticalandeco-friendlybuildingmaterials.D.Thecoolingpapercanbringdownaroom’stemperaturemorethanairconditioners.35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?A.Purdue’sWhitePaint:ANewMaterialtoCoolBuildingsB.CoolBuildings:InnovativeWaystoKeepBuildingsCoolC.CoolBuildingMaterials:SolutionstoFightagainstClimateChangeD.FutureAirConditioners:NewEnergy-efficientMethodstoBeattheHeat——★參考答案★——32.D33.C34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。介紹了研究人員繼續(xù)尋找將空調(diào)使用量降至最低的解決方案。一些創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)在使用或正在開發(fā)過程中?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Astemperaturessoar,electricbillsoftengothroughtheroof.That’sbecausepeopletendtoturnontheirairconditionersduringthelong,hotsummermonths.(隨著氣溫的飆升，電費經(jīng)常飛漲。這是因為在漫長而炎熱的夏季，人們往往會打開空調(diào))”以及第二段“It’sbeenpredictedthatby2050about75percentoftheworld’shomescouldhaveairconditioners.Ifthat’strue,theenergyrequiredtocoolbuildingswilldouble.Forthatreason,researcherscontinuetolookforsolutionstokeepair-conditionerusagetoaminimum.Someinnovationsarebeingusedalreadyorareintheprocessofbeingdeveloped.(據(jù)預(yù)測，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭將擁有空調(diào)。如果這是真的，冷卻建筑物所需的能量將翻倍。因此，研究人員繼續(xù)尋找將空調(diào)使用量降至最低的解決方案。一些創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)在使用或正在開發(fā)過程中)”后文則是具體介紹了幾種方法，所以作者在文章開頭提到空調(diào)是為了介紹主題。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ResearchersatPurdueUniversityhavedevelopedtheworld’swhitestpaint.Thispaintcankeepabuilding’sexteriorsurfacecoolerthanthesurroundingtemperature.Onhotdays,wallsabsorbheatandoftenbecome10to20degreesCelsiushotterthantheairaroundthem.ButwallspaintedwithPurdue’swhitepaintreflect98.1percentoftheheatandsenditbackintospace.(普渡大學(xué)的研究人員開發(fā)出了世界上最白的油漆。這種涂料可以使建筑物的外表面溫度低于周圍的溫度。在炎熱的天氣里，墻壁會吸收熱量，通常會比周圍的空氣溫度高10到20攝氏度。但是，用普渡大學(xué)的白色涂料粉刷的墻壁反射了98.1%的熱量，并將其送回了太空)”可知，普渡大學(xué)的白色涂料粉刷的墻壁反射了98.1%的熱量，即能反射大部分的熱量。故選C項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“YiZhengofNortheasternUniversityhascreateda“coolingpaper”.Thismaterialreflectsthesun’srayswhilepullingheatoutofabuilding’sinterior,andthepapercanberecycled.Heandhisteamdiscoveredthatthepaperhelpsbringdownaroom’stemperaturebyabout6degreesCelsius.Zhenghopesthatthecoolingpaperwillsomedaybeusedonroofsandwithinbuildingmaterials.(東北大學(xué)的YiZheng發(fā)明了一種“冷卻紙”。這種材料可以反射太陽光線，同時從建筑物內(nèi)部吸收熱量，而且這種紙可以回收利用。他和他的團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)，這種紙有助于將房間溫度降低約6攝氏度。鄭希望這種冷卻紙有一天能被用于屋頂和建筑材料)”可知，這種“冷卻紙”不但能降溫還能回收利用，所以是實用且環(huán)保的建筑材料。故選C項?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“It’sbeenpredictedthatby2050about75percentoftheworld’shomescouldhaveairconditioners.Ifthat’strue,theenergyrequiredtocoolbuildingswilldouble.Forthatreason,researcherscontinuetolookforsolutionstokeepair-conditionerusagetoaminimum.Someinnovationsarebeingusedalreadyorareintheprocessofbeingdeveloped.(據(jù)預(yù)測，到2050年，世界上75%的家庭將擁有空調(diào)。如果這是真的，冷卻建筑物所需的能量將翻倍。因此，研究人員繼續(xù)尋找將空調(diào)使用量降至最低的解決方案。一些創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)在使用或正在開發(fā)過程中)”以及后文是具體介紹了幾種方法，所以本文主要介紹了保持建筑物涼爽的創(chuàng)新方法，所以B項“CoolBuildings:InnovativeWaystoKeepBuildingsCool(涼爽的建筑物：保持建筑物涼爽的創(chuàng)新方法)”是本文最好的標題。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThefirsttimeIwenttoaplaygroundinBerlin,Iwassurprised.AlltheGermanparentswerehuddledtogether,drinkingcoffee,notpayingattentiontotheirchildrenwhowerehangingoffawoodendragon20feetaboveasandpit.Contrarytostereotypes(模式化觀念)，mostGermanparentsI’vemetaretheoppositeofstrict.___36___.Thoseparentsattheparkweren’tignoringtheirchildren;theyweretrustingthem.HereareafewsurprisingthingsBerlin’sparentsdo:Don'tpushreading.Berlin’skindergartensdon’temphasizeacademics.Infact,teachersandotherparentsdiscouragedmefromteachingmychildrentoread.___37___.Buteveninfirstgrade,academicsaren’tpushedveryhard.Ourgradeschoolprovidesahalf-dayofinstructioninterruptedbytwooutdoorbreaks.___38___Anotecamehomefromschoolalongwithmyexcitedsecondgrader.Theyweredoingaprojectonfire.WouldIletherlightcandlesandperformexperimentswithmatches?Togetherwelitcandlesandburnedthings,safely.Itwasbrilliant.Letchildrengoalmosteverywherealone.Mostgradeschoolkidswalkwithouttheirparentstoschoolandaroundtheirneighborhoods.Someeventakethesubwayalone.___39___ofcourse,buttheyusuallyfocusontraffic.，notabductions(綁架).Takethekidsoutsideeveryday.AccordingtoaGermansaying,“Thereisnosuchthingasbadweather,onlyunsuitableclothing.”Thevalueofoutsidetimeispromotedintheschools.___40___Nomatterhowcoldandgreyitgets,andinBerlinitgetsprettycold,parentsstillbundletheirkidsupandtakethemtothepark,orsendthemoutontheirown.A.EncouragekidstoplaywithfireB.InspirechildrentogooutforleisureC.GermanparentsareconcernedaboutsafetyD.It'salsoobviousonBerlin'snumerousplaygroundsE.KindergartenwasatimeforplayandsociallearningF.TheyplaceahighvalueonindependenceandresponsibilityG.Iwastolditwassomethingspecialthatthekidslearntogetherwhentheystartgradeschool——★參考答案★——36.F37.E38.A39.C40.B〖祥解〗本文是一篇說明文。在固定思維的作用下，德國父母一直被認為是嚴格的，但本文的作者從四個角度闡述了相比于嚴格德國父母更注重孩子的獨立性和責(zé)任感?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前的Contrarytostereotypes(模式化觀念)，mostGermanparentsI’vemetaretheoppositeofstrict（與刻板印象相反，我所見過的大多數(shù)德國父母都是嚴格的反義詞）可知，F(xiàn)選項中的independence和strict形成鮮明對比，且F選項（他們高度重視獨立性和責(zé)任感）語義承接下文，進一步闡述了德國父母是如何重視孩子們的獨立性和責(zé)任心的，故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空前的Infact,teachersandotherparentsdiscouragedmefromteachingmychildrentoread.（事實上，老師和其他家長都不鼓勵我教孩子讀書）可知，作者不被鼓勵去教孩子讀書，E選項（幼兒園的時間是玩耍和社會學(xué)習(xí)的時間）順承上文，且選項中的kindergarten和本段第一句內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，故選E?！?8題詳析】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處選擇段落的主旨句。在根據(jù)空后的Theyweredoingaprojectonfire.WouldIletherlightcandlesandperformexperimentswithmatches?（他們正在做一個點火的項目。我會讓她點燃蠟燭，用火柴做實驗嗎?）可知，本段主要講的是一位德國的家長鼓勵正讓自己的孩子用火柴做一個小實驗，A選項（鼓勵孩子玩火）能概括本段，故選A。【39題詳析】根據(jù)下文的ofcourse,buttheyusuallyfocusontraffic,notabductions.（但他們通常關(guān)注交通，而不是綁架）可知，C選項（德國父母很關(guān)心孩子的安全）中提及的safety與下文的交通安全相呼應(yīng)，故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)本段主旨句Takethekidsoutsideeveryday.（每天都帶孩子去戶外玩）可知，B選項中的gooutforleisure和主旨句中的outside相呼應(yīng)，且語義（鼓勵孩子們出去休閑）承接上下文，故選B?！尽狐c石成金』】單詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法是七選五常用的大題技巧之一，即選項和原文中的某些詞相同或互為詞根詞綴的形式相呼應(yīng)。比如第2題，根據(jù)第二段的第一句Don'tpushreading.Berlin’skindergartensdon’temphasizeacademics中的kindergartens和選項中的kindergarten相呼應(yīng)，但要注意排除干擾選項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項A、B、C和D中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Twoyearsago,Ilostmywallet.Imadethepoordecisionofkeepingmyidentitycard,mycreditcard,alargeamountofmoneyandothervariousthingsinsidemy____41____.Iworriedaboutanyonewhogotmywalletwouldtake____42____frommybankaccount,andIwasalso____43____thatmyidentitycardwouldbeusedtodosomething_____44_____Aboutaweek_____45_____,apoliceofficerknockedonmydoorand____46____mywallet.Someonehandeditinto____47____!Muchtomy____48____,theydidn’ttouchthemoneyinsideoranything.Ifeltsoluckythatsuchakindperson_____49_____mywalletandtooktimeoutoftheirdaytotryandgive_____50_____backtome.Afterthat,IdecidedthatIwantedtodo_____51_____thingsforotherpeople,hopingthattheyalsocouldfeelthatway.Istartedtodosmallthingsto_____52_____people.Theyweresmallsimplethings,likeholdingthedooropenforothers.Whenyoumakeothersfeel_____53_____,youwillhaveagreatday.That’swhyI_____54_____everyonetodosmallnicethingsforothers.Helpingothersistohelp______55______41.A.handbag B.wallet C.pocket D.car42.A.money B.food C.gold D.card43.A.satisfied B.excited C.worried D.puzzled44.A.bad B.good C.beautiful D.wonderful45.A.ahead B.earlier C.long D.later46.A.threw B.searched C.returned D.suggested47.A.thepeople B.thepolice C.thestudents D.thechildren48.A.sadness B.surprise C.regret D.disappointment49.A.gotup B.lookedup C.gaveup D.pickedup50.A.it B.her C.him D.them51.A.kind B.funny C.stupid D.serious52.A.protect B.respect C.help D.recognize53.A.bad B.good C.free D.sick54.A.allow B.force C.choose D.encourage55.A.herself B.himself C.itself D.yourself——★參考答案★——41.B42.A43.C44.A45.D46.C47.B48.B49.D50.A51.A52.C53.B54.D55.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者丟失的錢包被好心人撿到并交由警察送回來的故事。通過這次經(jīng)歷作者決定也要為他人做好事，因為幫助他人就是幫助自己?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我做了一個糟糕的決定，把我的身份證、信用卡、大量的錢和其他各種各樣的東西放在錢包里。A.handbag手提袋；B.wallet錢包；C.pocket衣兜；D.car小汽車。根據(jù)上文“Twoyearsago,Ilostmywallet”和此處“alargeamountofmoney”可知，作者把一些重要的東西裝在了自己的錢包里。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我擔(dān)心任何撿錢到我錢包的人都會從我的銀行賬戶取錢，我也擔(dān)心我的身份證會被用來做壞事。A.money錢；B.food食物；C.gold黃金；D.card卡片。根據(jù)“frommybankaccount”可知，是從銀行賬戶取錢。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.satisfied滿意的；B.excited興奮的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.puzzled困惑的。根據(jù)“thatmyidentitycardwouldbeusedtodosomething__________”和常識可知，作者擔(dān)心自己的身份證會被濫用。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同2小題。A.bad差的，糟糕的，不好的；B.good好的；C.beautiful美麗的；D.wonderful極好的，美妙的。結(jié)合常識可知，當人們的身份證丟了時，會擔(dān)心不法分子用自己的身份證做壞事。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：大約一周后，一名警察敲了我的門，歸還了我的錢包。A.ahead在前面；B.earlier早些時候；C.long長久地；D.later后來，之后。根據(jù)“apoliceofficerknockedonmydoor”推知，這是作者丟了錢包一周后發(fā)生的事情。故選D。【46題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.threw扔；B.searched搜索；C.returned返回，歸還；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)下文“theydidn’ttouchthemoneyinsideoranything.”推知，警察歸還了作者的錢包。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞組辨析。句意：有人把它交給了警察。A.thepeople人們；B.thepolice警察；C.thestudents學(xué)生；D.thechildren孩子們。根據(jù)上文“apoliceofficerknockedonmydoorand________mywallet.”可知，有人撿到了作者的錢包，并交給了警察。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我感到非常驚訝的是，他們沒有動里面的錢以及其他任何東西。A.sadness悲傷；B.surprise驚訝，驚喜；C.regret遺憾；D.disappointment失望。根據(jù)“theydidn’ttouchthemoneyinside