山東省東營市2022-2023學年高二下學期期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省東營市2022-2023學年高二下學期期末英語試題第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Howlongdoesthewomanneedtowaittoeatthepizza?A.Fiveminutes.B.Tenminutes.C.Fifteenminutes.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisvillage?A.Oldandpeaceful.B.Modernandnoisy.C.Beautifulandmodern.3.Whomovedthecookies?A.Tom.B.Ray.C.Mary.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthelaboratory.C.Inthesupermarket.5.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Buyanotherfish.B.Gotoarestaurant.C.Makeadifferentdish.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onafarm.B.Inaforest.C.Inadesert.7.Howdidthemanknowaboutthehorses?A.Heaskedalocalresident.B.Heoncereadaboutthem.C.Helearnedfromhistravelexperience.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutBobo?A.Helearnsthingsquickly.B.Hecanjumptwometersaway.C.He’sgoodenoughtowinthecontest.9.Whenwillthecompetitionbeheld?A.Inaboutonemonth.B.Inabouttwomonths.C.Inaboutfivemonths.10.WhatdoesBoboneedtodointhecompetition?A.Runquickly.B.Barkatsomechickens.C.Walkrightnexttothewoman.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howdidthemanfeelaboutthelastflight?A.Pleased.B.Annoyed.C.Concerned.12.Whatdidthewomandoduringthelastflight?A.Sheworkedonthecomputer.B.Shehadasleep.C.Shewatchedmovies.13.Whichcityarethespeakersgoingto?A.Beijing.B.SingaporeCity.C.Haikou.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatkindofbagsdoesthewomanuse?A.Paper.B.Plastic.C.Cloth.15.Whatdoesthemanprobablythinkaboutpaperbags?A.Theycostlessthantheotheroptions.B.Theyareequallybadasplasticbags.C.They’rethebestchoicefortheenvironment.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutclothbags?A.Theysellcheapatgrocerystores.B.Theyareexpensivetoproduce.C.Theycanbereused.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Shopping.B.Traveling.C.Recycling.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhathaveradioproducersatABCInternationalmadeovertheyears?A.Manystories.B.Manyprograms.C.Manymusicalbums.19.Inwhichprogramcanpeopleheartheartiststhemselves?A.TheRoadtoMusic.B.TheHistoryofPop.C.AbouttheBigHits.20.WhatisPopWordsabout?A.Howtounderstandthewordsofpopsongs.B.HowtobuildyourEnglishvocabulary.C.HowtospeakEnglishfluently.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AOnceyouknowwhereyouaregoing,arrangingforthebasictransportationisthenexttask.Trains–TravelingbytrainhasfallenoutoffavourwithmanytravellersinNorthAmerica,buttrainsarewellworthconsideringwhenthelocationyouaretravelingtoiswell-servedbytrains.Highspeedtraintravel,whencombinedwithrailpasses,canalsobeagoodwaytogettodifferentpartsofalargecountryandavoidthestressofdrivingorflying.Beawarethatlongdistancepassengertrainschedulesarerarelyaccurate(especiallyinNorthAmerica),soplantogiveyourselfadayorsobeforeboardingandafterleavingthosetrains.Airlines–Airfaresareusuallycheaperwhenpurchasedinadvanceratherthanatthelastminute,sobookyourairlineticketsfirst,thenstructuretherestofyourtriparoundyourarrivalanddeparturetimes.Airfaresvaryondifferentdaysoftheweekanddifferenttimesofthemonthandyear,soifyou’reflexiblewithyourdeparturetime,selectthatoptiononthebookingwebsitesocheaperfarescanbefoundforyoutoconsider.Carrentals–Ifyouaredrivingtoadestinationinsteadofflying,youwillneedtoprepareforspendingdaysontheroad.Itisalsoimportanttokeepacloseeyeoncarrentalrates,sincetheycanjumparoundbasedondemand,andevenfromlocationtolocationwithinacityorregion.Tours–Toursaregreatbecauseeverythingisusuallyarrangedforyou.Thedownsideisthatyouarepartofagroup,sonomatterwhereyougo,thereisacrowdwithyou.Youneedtobeflexiblewhentravelingwithatourgroupbecausenotallthearrangements(orpossiblytourmembers)maysuityou.1.Whatdoweknowabouttravelingbytrain?A.It’sNorthAmericans’favorite. B.ItisconvenientinNorthAmerica.C.Itmightnotguaranteeyourtravelschedule. D.Itcausesasmuchstressasdriving.2.WhatdoAirlinesandCarrentalshaveincommon?A.Themoneychargedvaries. B.Yourflexibilityisallowed.C.Convenienceisguaranteed. D.Nopreparationsareneeded.3.Whichoptioncansavethetroubleoforganizinginperson?A.Trains. B.Airlines. C.Carrentals. D.Tours.——★參考答案★——1.C2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應用文。文章介紹了旅行的幾種常見的交通方式選擇。【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Trains中關(guān)鍵句“Beawarethatlongdistancepassengertrainschedulesarerarelyaccurate(especiallyinNorthAmerica),soplantogiveyourselfadayorsobeforeboardingandafterleavingthosetrains.(要知道，長途客運列車的時刻表很少是準確的（尤其是在北美），所以在上火車之前和下火車之后，給自己留出一天左右的時間)”可知，乘火車旅行可能不能保證按照旅行計劃來。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Airlines中關(guān)鍵句“Airfaresvaryondifferentdaysoftheweekanddifferenttimesofthemonthandyear,soifyou’reflexiblewithyourdeparturetime,selectthatoptiononthebookingwebsitesocheaperfarescanbefoundforyoutoconsider.(機票價格在一周中的不同日子、一月和一年中的不同時間有所不同，所以如果你的出發(fā)時間比較靈活，可以在訂票網(wǎng)站上選擇那個選項，這樣你就可以找到更便宜的機票供你考慮)”及Carrentals中關(guān)鍵句“Itisalsoimportanttokeepacloseeyeoncarrentalrates,sincetheycanjumparoundbasedondemand,andevenfromlocationtolocationwithinacityorregion.(密切關(guān)注汽車租賃價格也很重要，因為它們可以根據(jù)需求而變化，甚至可以在一個城市或地區(qū)的不同地點之間變化)”可知，飛機或者租車在不同情況下價格都不相同。故選A項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tours中關(guān)鍵句“Toursaregreatbecauseeverythingisusuallyarrangedforyou.(旅游很好，因為一切通常都是為你安排好的)”可知，找旅行團可以省去自己組織旅行的麻煩。故選D項。BHONGKONG—AttheschoolwhereKoCheuk-kiuworks,thereareneitherschoolbellsringingnorstudentsrunningaroundtheplayground.“Youlookgoodtoday.Shallwereviewthetexttogether?”AftergreetingherstudentHeiHei,Ko,inalightblueuniform,turnsonhertabletcomputerandbeginstoteachatthebedside.Foundedin1954,theHongKongRedCrossHospitalSchoolsinitiallyprovidedservicesinonlyonepublicmedicalinstitution.Now,itisaspecialeducationinstitutefundedbytheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegiongovernment,with26schoolunitsattachedto19publichospitals.Itsservicesaremainlydividedintothreefields—generalspecialty,psychiatry,andhomeboundteachingprograms.Thefirsttwoprovideservicesforhospitalizedstudentstoreducetheirdifficultiesinreturningtoschool,whilehomeboundteachingisaimedatstudentswhoneedtostayathometorecoverforalongperiod.Teachersareassignedtodifferenthospitalsorstudents’homesandshiftonaregularbasis.Dependingonthesituation,teacherswillcarryoutsmallgrouporone-on-onebedsideteaching,andeachsessionlastsabout30minutes.“Teachingchildreninahospital?Iwascuriousandkeentoknowmoreaboutit,”Korecalls,explainingshefirstlearnedabouttheschoolfromanewspaperreportin2009whenshehadjustfinishedhermaster’sdegreeinlanguage.Ko,whoalsostudiedspecialeducation,appliedforateachingpositionattheschoolandwashiredasaChineselanguageteacher.Teachersinhospitalshavetomeetstudentswithdifferentmedicalconditionsandfaceallkindsofchallengeseveryday,butKoregardstheseexperiencesastraining,whichhaveledhertohaveadeeperappreciationoflife.Overtheyears,Kohasreceivedalotofgreetingcardsfromparentsandstudentsshowingtheirappreciation.Lookingatthesewarmwordsofencouragement,shesilentlysendsherbestwishestothestudents.“Ihopetheycansoonrecoverandgobacktoschool,andcontinuetopursuetheirdreams,”shesays.4.WhatisKodoing?A.Teachingathome. B.Teachingonline.C.Teachinginahospital. D.Teachinginaregularclassroom.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheHongKongRedCrossHospitalSchools?A.ItwasfoundedbytheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegiongovernment.B.Itoffersteachingservicesforstudentsbothinhospitalandathome.C.Itrunsonmoneyraisedfromthepublic.D.Itassignsteacherstothesamehospitalsorstudents’homes.6.ProbablywhydidKoapplyforateachingpositionattheschool?A.Becauseshewascuriousaboutteaching. B.Becausesheknewalotabouttheschool.C.Becauseshejustgraduatedfromuniversity. D.Becauseshecouldapplywhatshehadlearned.7.WhichcanbestdescribeKo?A.Passionateanddedicated. B.Responsibleanddiligent.C.Genuineandaggressive. D.Self-centeredandsensitive.——★參考答案★——4.C5.B6.D7.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講述了香港紅十字醫(yī)院學校為住院或需要在家康復的學生提供教育服務，以便幫助他們減少返校的困難?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“AftergreetingherstudentHeiHei,Ko,inalightblueuniform,turnsonhertabletcomputerandbeginstoteachatthebedside.(穿著淺藍色制服的Ko和學生HeiHei打招呼后，打開平板電腦，開始在床邊上課。)”和第三段中Ko的話“Teachingchildreninahospital?(在醫(yī)院教孩子？)”可知，Ko在醫(yī)院里教孩子。故選C?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thefirsttwoprovideservicesforhospitalizedstudentstoreducetheirdifficultiesinreturningtoschool,whilehomeboundteachingisaimedatstudentswhoneedtostayathometorecoverforalongperiod.(前兩個為住院學生提供服務，以減少他們返校的困難，而在家教學則針對需要長期待在家里康復的學生。)”可知，香港紅十字醫(yī)院學校為住院或需要在家康復的學生提供教育服務。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ko,whoalsostudiedspecialeducation,appliedforateachingpositionattheschoolandwashiredasaChineselanguageteacher.(Ko也學習過特殊教育，她申請了該校的教學崗位，并被聘為漢語教師。)”可知，Ko學過特殊教育，這剛好符合香港紅十字醫(yī)院學校的工作需求，專業(yè)對口，由此可推測出，她應聘這個崗位是因為她可以將自己學習的知識運用到工作中。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Teachersinhospitalshavetomeetstudentswithdifferentmedicalconditionsandfaceallkindsofchallengeseveryday,butKoregardstheseexperiencesastraining,whichhaveledhertohaveadeeperappreciationoflife.(醫(yī)院的老師每天都要遇到不同身體狀況的學生，面對各種各樣的挑戰(zhàn)，但Ko把這些經(jīng)歷視為訓練，讓她對生活有了更深的理解。)”可知，Ko把工作中面對的挑戰(zhàn)當作對自己的訓練，努力把工作做好，這說明她是一個對自己的工作有熱情的人。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Overtheyears,Kohasreceivedalotofgreetingcardsfromparentsandstudentsshowingtheirappreciation.(這些年來，Ko收到了許多來自家長和學生的賀卡，表達了他們的感激之情。)”可知，許多家長和學生對Ko表達感激，這說明Ko的教學工作非常出色，對待學生有奉獻精神。故選A。CZibohaslongsoughttopublicizeitsuniqueideaonroastedskewers(串肉扦)ofmeat,vegetables,seafoodandotherfoodstuffsinthehopeofattractingbusiness.ButitwasonlyinMarch,whencollegestudentstriedthebarbecuefood,tookvideosofthemselvesenjoyingit,andpostedtheclipsonsocialmediathatitwentviral.Sincethen,youngpeoplefromacrossthecountryhaveflockedtoZibototryitsbarbecuedfood.Duringweekendslastmonth,YangBenxin,whohasrunabarbecuerestaurantinthecityfornearlythreedecades,usedaloudspeakertotellpeoplewaitinginlineforatabletochooseanotherrestaurantbecausethemeatathisbusinesshadsoldout.Yang’srestauranthas200tables,whichcanaccommodateabout1,000diners.Butalmosteveryweekendforthepastmonth,thenumberofpeoplevisitingtherestaurantrosebeyonditscapacity,forcinghimtotellthosewaitingtotryelsewhere.InZibo,thefoodonbarbecueskewersis70-80percentprecookedbeforeitisbroughttothetable,wheredinerscompletethecookingprocessonsmallstovesfueledbyhotcoals.ZhangHanzhe,27,whovisitedZibowithfriendsfromJinan,capitalofShandong,duringtheMayDayholidaytotrythecity’sbarbecuedfood,said,“Wepreparedthefoodaccordingtoourowntastes,andit’salsoaffordable.”TheauthoritiesinZibohavebeenquicktogainafurtheradvantagefromthesuddeninflowofvisitors.Themarketsupervisionandpublicsecurityauthoritiesactedtoensurefoodsafetyandreasonablepricinginthebarbecuesector,whilethecity’spublictransportationcompanylaunchedbusroutesespeciallyforpeoplevisitingbarbecuerestaurants.ThecityissuedanoticeaheadoftheMayDayholiday,warningthathotelsinZibothatraisedtheirroomratesbymorethan50percentduringtheholidaywouldbepunished.QuChuang,aprofessoratShandongUniversity’sSchoolofEconomics,doubtedwhetherthebarbecuecrazeinZibowouldlastlong,butsaidthecity’sbiggestgainisthatitisnowknownbymorepeople.8.WhatmadethebarbecueinZibogoviral?A.Thegovernment’seffortstopublicizeit.B.Collegestudents’videosofthemselvesenjoyingit.C.Youngpeople’scrazinessaboutZibo’sculture.D.Zibo’sspeciallytailoredpoliciesaboutit.9.What’sthepurposeofparagraph2?A.ToprovethepopularityofZibo’sbarbecue.B.TohighlightthepoorcapacityofZibo’srestaurants.C.TocallforimprovementsinZibo’sservices.D.Towarnpotentialvisitorsoftheinconvenience.10.What’sQuChuang’sopinionaboutbarbecuecrazeinZibo?A.Itsadvantagesoutweighitsdisadvantages. B.Itmightcooldowneventually.C.Itisofnobenefitinthelongrun. D.ItisoflittlehelpinZibo’spopularity.11.Whichisthebesttitle?A.Zibosetshotpacewitheconomictransformation.B.Zibounintentionallydrawseyestoitseconomictransformation.C.Ziboachievesitsgoalofeconomictransformation.D.Zibostartsheatedargumentsabouteconomictransformation.——★參考答案★——8.B9.A10.B11.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了山東淄博燒烤在全國開始走紅，這一現(xiàn)象使得當?shù)亟?jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型步伐加快。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ButitwasonlyinMarch,whencollegestudentstriedthebarbecuefood,tookvideosofthemselvesenjoyingit,andpostedtheclipsonsocialmediathatitwentviral.(但直到今年3月，當大學生們品嘗了這種燒烤食物，并拍攝了自己享用的視頻，并將這些視頻發(fā)布在社交媒體上時，這種燒烤才迅速走紅)”可知，大學生們享用燒烤的視頻使得淄博的燒烤火了。故選B項。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Duringweekendslastmonth,YangBenxin,whohasrunabarbecuerestaurantinthecityfornearlythreedecades,usedaloudspeakertotellpeoplewaitinginlineforatabletochooseanotherrestaurantbecausethemeatathisbusinesshadsoldout.(上個月的周末，在北京經(jīng)營一家燒烤店近30年的YangBenxin用擴音器告訴排隊等候用餐的人選擇另一家餐館，因為他店里的肉已經(jīng)賣完了)”及“Butalmosteveryweekendforthepastmonth,thenumberofpeoplevisitingtherestaurantrosebeyonditscapacity,forcinghimtotellthosewaitingtotryelsewhere.(但在過去的一個月里，幾乎每個周末，光顧這家餐廳的人數(shù)都超過了餐廳的容量，迫使他告訴那些等著的人去試試別的地方)”可推知，第二段的描述證明了淄博燒烤的受歡迎程度。故選A項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“QuChuang,aprofessoratShandongUniversity’sSchoolofEconomics,doubtedwhetherthebarbecuecrazeinZibowouldlastlong,butsaidthecity’sbiggestgainisthatitisnowknownbymorepeople.(山東大學經(jīng)濟學院教授曲創(chuàng)對淄博的燒烤熱是否會持續(xù)很長時間表示懷疑，但他表示，淄博最大的收獲是現(xiàn)在有更多人知道了淄博)”可推知，曲創(chuàng)認為對于山東淄博燒烤的狂熱最終可能會冷卻下來。故選B項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Zibohaslongsoughttopublicizeitsuniqueideaonroastedskewersofmeat,vegetables,seafoodandotherfoodstuffsinthehopeofattractingbusiness.(淄博長期以來一直試圖宣傳其獨特的烤肉理念，包括肉串、蔬菜串、海鮮串和其他食品串，希望能吸引生意)”及倒數(shù)第二段“TheauthoritiesinZibohavebeenquicktogainafurtheradvantagefromthesuddeninflowofvisitors.(淄博當局迅速從游客的突然涌入中獲得了進一步的優(yōu)勢)”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文描述了淄博燒烤帶動當?shù)亟?jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型的現(xiàn)象。由此可知，A選項“淄博經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型步伐加快”適合作為最佳標題。故選A項。DAworldwideshiftfromfossilfuel-poweredcarstoelectricvehiclescouldsignificantlyreducetheamountofcarbondioxidethathumansemittotheatmosphere.Butcurrentstrategiesforvehicleelectrification(電氣化)canalsoshiftsomepollutiontocommunitiesalreadysufferingunderhighereconomic,healthandenvironmentalburdens,researcherswarn.California,whichleadstheUnitedStatesbyamilewhenitcomestoEVadoption,offersawindowintothisevolvingproblem.Thestateisaggressivelyseekingtoreduceitscarbonfootprintandhasmadesubstantialincreasesinwindandsolarpowergenerationaswellasinthepromotionofelectricvehiclepurchases.OnetoolthestatehasusedistheCaliforniaCleanVehicleRebateProject,orCVRP,whichkickedoffin2010andoffersconsumersmoneybackforthepurchaseofnewEVs.Now,ananalysisoftheCVRP’simpactonthestate’sairqualityfrom2010to2021revealsbothgoodandbadnews,researchersreportMay3inPLOSClimate.ThegoodnewsisthattheCVRPisresponsibleformakingadentinthestate’soverallCO2emissions,reducingthembyabout280,000metrictonsperyearonaverage.Thebadnewsisthatthemostdisadvantagedcommunitiesinthestatedidn’tseethesameoverallimprovementinairquality.Thosecommunitiesinfactsawanincreaseinonetypeofairpollution,tinyparticulatesknownasPM2.5.ThatincreasemaybeindirectlyrelatedtoputtingmoreEVsontheroad.Althoughelectricvehiclesthemselvesdon’tproducePM2.5fromtheirtailpipes,increasedelectricitygeneration,ifit’snotfossilfuel-free,can.Renewableresources,includingrooftopsolarcells,suppliedabouthalfofCalifornia’selectricityin2022.Butnaturalgas-firedpowerplantsstillprovidealargepartofthestate’spower.“Electricvehiclesareoftenincorrectlyreferredtoas‘zero-emissionvehicles’,butthey’reonlyascleanastheunderlyingelectricgrid(電網(wǎng))fromwhichtheenergyissourced,”Mejía-Duwansays.Themostdisadvantaged25percentofthestate’scommunitiesalsocontain50percentofthepowerplants,theteamfound.12.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph2?A.Californiatakestheleadinenvironmentalprotection.B.WindandsolarpowergenerationhasdominatedCalifornia.C.California’scarbonfootprinthasbeenreducedasplanned.D.ThelaunchofCVRPisintendedtopromoteelectricvehiclepurchases.13.Whatdoestheunderlined“dent”meaninparagraph4?A.adjustment. B.shift. C.reduction. D.increase.14.WhatisthedirectcauseofanincreaseinPM2.5?A.PuttingmoreEVsontheroad. B.Increasedelectricitygeneration.C.Warmingclimate. D.Increasedrooftopsolarcells.15.WhatwillMejía-Duwanprobablyagreewith?A.ZeroemissionforEVscan’tbeensurednowadays.B.‘Zeroemission’isn’tgoodenoughtodescribeEVs.C.EVs,withnozeroemission,shouldn’tbeadvocated.D.EVshaveapromisingfutureaszeroemissionvehicles.——★參考答案★——12.D13.C14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了全球從化石燃料向電動汽車的轉(zhuǎn)變可以顯著減少人類向大氣中排放的二氧化碳量?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thestateisaggressivelyseekingtoreduceitscarbonfootprintandhasmadesubstantialincreasesinwindandsolarpowergenerationaswellasinthepromotionofelectricvehiclepurchases.OnetoolthestatehasusedistheCaliforniaCleanVehicleRebateProject,orCVRP,whichkickedoffin2010andoffersconsumersmoneybackforthepurchaseofnewEVs.(該州正在積極尋求減少碳足跡，并大幅增加了風能和太陽能發(fā)電，以及促進電動汽車購買。該州使用的一個工具是加州清潔汽車回扣項目（CVRP），該項目于2010年啟動，為消費者購買新電動汽車提供退款)”可知，CVRP項目的推出是為了促進電動汽車的購買。故選D?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“ThegoodnewsisthattheCVRPisresponsibleformakingadentinthestate’soverallCO2emissions,reducingthembyabout280,000metrictonsperyearonaverage.(好消息是，CVRP負責dent該州的總體二氧化碳排放量，平均每年減少約28萬公噸)”可知，平均每年減少約28萬公噸，由此可知，CVRP負責減少該州的總體二氧化碳排放量。故猜測劃線單詞表示“減少”，與reduction同義。故選C?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThatincreasemaybeindirectlyrelatedtoputtingmoreEVsontheroad.Althoughelectricvehiclesthemselvesdon’tproducePM2.5fromtheirtailpipes,increasedelectricitygeneration,ifit’snotfossilfuel-free,can.(這一增長可能與更多的電動汽車上路間接相關(guān)。盡管電動汽車本身不會通過排氣管產(chǎn)生PM2.5，但如果不是非化石燃料的話，增加發(fā)電量也是可能（導致PM2.5）的)”可知，PM2.5增加的直接原因是發(fā)電量的增加。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Electricvehiclesareoftenincorrectlyreferredtoas‘zero-emissionvehicles’,butthey’reonlyascleanastheunderlyingelectricgrid(電網(wǎng))fromwhichtheenergyissourced,”Mejía-Duwansays.(Mejía-Duwan說：“電動汽車經(jīng)常被錯誤地稱為‘零排放汽車’，但它們的清潔程度僅與能源來源的底層電網(wǎng)一樣?！?”可知，Mejía-Duwan可能認為現(xiàn)在無法確保電動汽車的零排放。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThePost-holidayBluesTheholidayseason—fromThanksgivinguntilNewYear’sDay—canbeajoyfulandrelaxingtimeformanypeople,butoncethefestivitieswinddown,sadnessandlonelinesscancreepin._____16_____Afteranexcitingeventliketheholidays,thereisoftenafeelingofdisappointmentorlet-down.Lookingaheadtosomethingliketheholidayscanfeelexciting._____17_____Therecanalmostbeasenseofemotionalwithdrawalfromtheholidaycheer._____18_____Thepost-holidaybluesrefertotheshort-termfeelingsthatindividualsexperienceaftertheupcomingwintermonths.Theholidaysoffermostpeopleatimetofocustheirenergyonthetaskofdecorating,baking,planning,andgiftgiving.Aftertheholidaysareover,peoplemayfeellostoremptywithouthavingagoal-drivenactivitytohelpthemtofocus._____19_____Themoreyoutalkaboutthiswithfriendsandfamily,themoreyou’llfindthatyouarenotaloneintheexperienceofpost-holidayblues.WhatcancausethePost-HolidayBlues?Thereasonsforthepost-holidaybluescanvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplemayhavetroublewiththeholidaysthemselves—thegrandexpectations,remindersoflostorestrangedlovedones,financialburdens._____20_____Butwhentheholidayeventsend,sodoesthemoodboost.Besides,thechangeofseasons,reduceddaylight,decreasedphysicalactivitylevels,andincreasedisolationcanallcontributetothepost-holidayblues.Ifanyfeelingsofpost-holidaybluesbeginimpactingyourdailyfunctioning,likemakingithardtogetoutofbed,gotoworkorschool,leavethehouse,spendtimewithothers,oraccomplishsmalltasks.Besides,itmaybeworthcheckinginwithahealthcareprovider.A.Whatarethepost-holidayblues?B.Somepeoplemaydislikeholidays.C.It’sanideaknownasthepost-holidayblues.D.Whatcanwedotodealwiththepost-holidayblues?E.Itisimportanttorecognizethatthisphenomenonisnotuncommon.F.Butwhentheeventhaspassed,thelossofthatexcitementcanfeelbad.G.Othersmayreceiveaboostofhappinessafterspendingtimewithfriendsandfamily.——★參考答案★——16.C17.F18.A19.E20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了節(jié)后憂郁的概念，形成的原因以及解決方案?！?6題詳析】上文“Theholidayseason—fromThanksgivinguntilNewYear’sDay—canbeajoyfulandrelaxingtimeformanypeople,butoncethefestivitieswinddown,sadnessandlonelinesscancreepin.(從感恩節(jié)到元旦，這個節(jié)日對許多人來說是一個快樂和放松的時刻，但一旦慶祝活動結(jié)束，悲傷和孤獨就會悄然而至)”以及下文“Afteranexcitingeventliketheholidays,thereisoftenafeelingofdisappointmentorlet-down.(在像假期這樣激動人心的活動之后，人們往往會感到失望或情緒低落)”說明，假期之后，人們往往會感到失望?？粘龀猩蠁⑾?，C項中的“anideaknownasthepost-holidayblues”說明前文中的“一旦慶?；顒咏Y(jié)束后感到悲傷和孤獨”的概念，同樣承接下文的“假期后，人們會有失望或情緒低落的感覺”，做本段的主旨句。C項“這是一個被稱為節(jié)后憂郁的想法”符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳析】上文“Lookingaheadtosomethingliketheholidayscanfeelexciting.(展望像假期這樣的事情會讓人感到興奮)”以及“Therecanalmostbeasenseofemotionalwithdrawalfromtheholidaycheer.(從節(jié)日的歡呼聲中幾乎可以感覺到一種情緒上的退縮)”可知，假期結(jié)束后興奮的情緒就會退去。空處呈上啟下，D項中的theevent和前文中的“theholidays”相呼應，“thelossofthatexcitementcanfeelbad”和下文中的“asenseofemotionalwithdrawalfromtheholidaycheer”相呼應，說明當假期過去后，失去那種興奮感會讓人感覺很糟糕。故選F?！?8題詳析】下文“Thepost-holidaybluesreferstotheshort-termfeelingsthatindividualsexperienceaftertheupcomingwintermonths.(節(jié)后憂郁是指個人在即將到來的冬季月份后所經(jīng)歷的短期情緒)”說明了“節(jié)后憂郁”的概念。由此可知空處詢問了什么是“節(jié)后憂郁”。A項“節(jié)后憂郁是什么？”符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳析】下文“Themoreyoutalkaboutthiswithfriendsandfamily,themoreyou’llfindthatyouarenotaloneintheexperienceofpost-holidayblues.(你和朋友和家人談論得越多，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)你并不是唯一一個經(jīng)歷過節(jié)后憂郁的人)”說明很多的人都會經(jīng)歷“節(jié)后憂郁”。D項中的“thisphenomenonisnotuncommon”和下文中的“youarenotaloneintheexperienceofpost-holidayblues”相呼應，說明“節(jié)后憂郁”非常的普遍。故選E?！?0題詳析】上文“Somepeoplemayhavetroublewiththeholidaysthemselves—thegrandexpectations,remindersoflostorestrangedlovedones,financialburdens.(有些人可能會對假期本身感到困擾——巨大的期望、對失去或疏遠的親人的提醒、經(jīng)濟負擔)”說明有些人會對假期本身感到困惑?？仗幒颓拔牟⒘姓f明另外一些人的情況。somepeople...others...表“一些人...，另外一些人”。G項“其他人在與朋友和家人共度時光后，可能會得到幸福感的提升?！狈险Z境。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Alicehadaseriousdisease.Sheneededa(n)____21____bloodtransfusiontosaveherlife.Heronlychanceof____22____wouldbetogetatransfusionfromheryoungerbrother,Michael.Hehadovercomethesamediseaseshehad,whichwasconsidereda____23____.Thereforehehadantibodies(抗體)inhis____24____neededtofighttheillness,butnoonewas____25____whatMichaelthought.ThedoctorexplainedtoMichaelthatitwouldsavehis____26____lifeifheweretogiveherhisblood.Theboy____27____foramomentbeforeagreeingtogivehisbloodifitwouldhelphissister.Thiswas____28____toaboyof5,afterall.He____29____todoanythingtosaveAlice’slife.Asthe_____30_____wason,Michaellaynexttohissisterinthehospital.Hefelt_____31_____whenseeinghissistercomingbackto_____32_____.Thenhequietlyaskedthedoctor,“WhenwillIstartto_____33_____?”NodoubtthatMichaelhad_____34_____thathewasgivinghislifeinordertosaveher.Hearingthewords,hisparentswereastonishedoverthe_____35_____,whichledMichaeltothinktheywerechoosinghissisteroverhim—andevenmoreastonishedandmovedthathehadbeenwillingtodoso.Whilewemaynotbefacedwithsuchalifeordeathdecision,beingselflesscanhelpusconnectwithothers,whichisrewardingandfulfilling.21.A.expensive B.urgent C.dangerous D.complicated22.A.passage B.victory C.survival D.escape23.A.difficulty B.wonder C.threat D.secret24.A.blood B.brain C.stomach D.bone25.A.anxious B.nervous C.worried D.certain26.A.mother’s B.father’s C.brother’s D.sister’s27.A.ran B.slept C.hesitated D.disappeared28.A.dull B.attractive C.lucky D.cruel29.A.refused B.stopped C.decided D.pretended30.A.operation B.opera C.movie D.performance31.A.interested B.fearful C.happy D.pitiful32.A.greatness B.life C.home D.earth33.A.die B.study C.play D.eat34.A.expected B.agreed C.assumed D.ignored35.A.judgement B.mischief C.accident D.misunderstanding——★參考答案★——21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.D29.C30.A31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個五歲的小男孩挽救姐姐生命的感人故事?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她需要緊急輸血以挽救生命。A.expensive昂貴的；B.urgent緊急的；C.dangerous危險的；D.complicated復雜難懂的。根據(jù)“tosaveherlife.”可知，為了活下去，愛麗絲急需輸血。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她唯一的生存機會就是從她的弟弟邁克爾那里得到輸血。A.passage文章；B.victory勝利；C.survival生存；D.escape逃離。根據(jù)“Sheneededa(n)________bloodtransfusiontosaveherlife.”可知，愛麗絲唯一活下去的機會就是邁克爾輸血給她。故選C。【23題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他戰(zhàn)勝了她所患的同樣的疾病，這被認為是一個奇跡。A.difficulty困難；B.wonder驚奇；奇跡；C.threat危險；D.secret秘密。根據(jù)“Hehadovercomethesamediseaseshehad,”可知，邁克爾曾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)勝過和姐姐一樣的疾病，這件事被認為是個奇跡。故選B。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他的血液中有對抗疾病所需的抗體，但誰也不知道邁克爾是怎么想的。A.blood血；B.brain大腦；C.stomach肚子；D.bone骨頭。根據(jù)“Sheneededa(n)________bloodtransfusiontosaveherlife.”可知，邁克爾血液里有這種疾病的抗體。故選A。【25題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，他的血液中有對抗疾病所需的抗體，