河南省頂級名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期考前全真模擬考試英語試題(解析版)（一）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省頂級名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期考前全真模擬考試（一）英語試題第一部分:聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ARevolutionaryGlassesMakeItSafetoDriveatNightDidyouknowthatmorethan40percentofalldeadlycaraccidentsoccuratnight?Arecentbreakthrougheyeglasstechnologyhasmadeitsafetodriveatnight.It’salmostlikehaving“X-ray”vision(視力)whiledriving.Spendmoneyonyoursafetyandpeaceofmindbehindthewheelwithapairofthesecutting-edgenightdrivingglasses.Theamountofcaraccidentsthatoccuratnightismostlytheresultofpoorvisibility.Evenwith60%lesstrafficontheroadatnight,accidentsstillhappenduetoblindinglightandjustoverallbaddrivingvisibility.Imaginebeingabletoclearlyseewhat’sinfrontofyouandwhat’sapproaching,evenifit’sverydarkandfoggy.OnceyoustartwearingClearViewnightglasses,you’llfeelmuchmorecon?dentandsafedrivingwhenit’sgettingdark.WithClearViewyouwillnoticeaninstantreductioninstronglightfromoncomingtrafficandbrightstreetlights.Thisisbecausethespecialyellowlenstint(鏡片色彩)canblockstrongbluelight,andincreasecontrast(對比).ClearViewpassestheglobaltrafficlightstandardforsafersharpervisionatnightwith?yingcolors.YoucanstartusingClearViewimmediatelyevenifyouwearglasses.SimplyplaceClearViewontopofyourglassesandbeamazedbythedifferencethistechnologymakes!Isitworthit?Absolutely!Keepapairineachofyourcarstomakesureyouhaveyourglassesathandwhennightcomes.Ifyoucareaboutyourfamily’ssafetythenthisisano-brainer.1.Accordingtothetext,themaincauseofunsafedrivingatnightis________.A.heavytraffic B.lowvisibility C.pooreyesight D.baddriving2.HowdoesClearViewmakeitsafetodriveatnight?A.Itcuresnightblindness.B.Itpassesthenationalstandard.C.Itprovides“X-ray”visionfordrivers.D.Itreducesthebrightnessofstronglight.3.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toinform. B.Toexplain. C.Topromote. D.Toentertain.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文，主要講述了一項(xiàng)突破性的眼鏡技術(shù)使夜間駕駛更加安全?！即鸢浮?.B2.D3.C【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theamountofcaraccidentsthatoccuratnightismostlytheresultofpoorvisibility”夜間發(fā)生的車禍多是由于能見度低造成的。可知，夜晚是交通事故多發(fā)時段，造成行車不安全的主要原因是能見度太低。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thisisbecausethespecialyellowlenstintcanblockstrongbluelight,andincreasecontrast”這是因?yàn)樘厥獾狞S色鏡片可以阻擋強(qiáng)烈的藍(lán)光，增加對比度。可知，該眼鏡能夠減弱強(qiáng)光和藍(lán)光，增強(qiáng)對比度，從而提高清晰度。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Isitworthit?Absolutely!Keepapairineachofyourcarstomakesureyouhaveyourglassesathandwhennightcomes.Ifyoucareaboutyourfamily’ssafetythenthisisano-brainer.”值得嗎?絕對的!在你的每輛車?yán)锒挤乓桓毖坨R，這樣當(dāng)夜晚來臨的時候，你就可以把眼鏡放在手邊了。如果你在乎你家人的安全那么這是顯而易見的?？赏浦詈笠欢蔚闹饕康氖峭其N這副眼鏡。故選C項(xiàng)。BAboutadecadeago,LawsonwasatabeachinVirginiawatchinghiskidsbuildcastlesrightnexttothewaves.“IkepttryingtogetthemtocomebackbecauseIthoughtitwasaterribleidea,”heremarked.Hewantedthemtobuildtheirsandcastlesclosertothedunes.Buttheyfounditmoreexcitingtobuildrightwherethewaveshit,seeingtheirsandcastlesgetdestroyed,andthenrebuildingthemwithwhateverdebriswashedupfromtheocean.“Itseemedsosymbolic,somehow,ofhowlifeworksmorethanjustbuildingyourperfectsandcastles,”saidLawson.Whenhedecidedtoturnthatsunnydayintoachildren’sbook,theideacametojustusepictures.“Itseemedlikeitwouldworkbeautifullywithoutwords,”hesaid.ADayforSandcastlesisillustratedbyQinLeng.It’sthesecondwordlesspicturebookforLawsonandLengsince2021’sOvertheShop.Leng’sillustrationsstayprettytruetoreallife.Threesiblingsspendthedaybuildingsandcastlesandwatchingthemgetdestroyedbyaflyinghat.“Tomeit’sacelebrationofchildhoodandthesimplejoysoflife.ThesearethethingsIliketocapture,”saidLeng.LengspentpartofherchildhoodinFrance,andshewasinspiredbyEuropeancomicbooks.“WhatIlovetodowhenIillustrateapicturebookisaddsidestoriestothemainstoryline.Ialwaysthinkaboutthereadersandthelongevityofthebook,andIwantthemtobeabletodiscoversomethingneweverytimetheyrevisitthebook,”Lengexplained.Attheendoftheday,thesleepy-eyedkidspileintothebusthatwilltakethemhome.“Thoselastpagesaresomeofmyfavorite.Theycapturethatfeelinglikeattheendofthedayonthebeach,whenit’sgettingdarkandyoufeelcompletelyexhausted,”Lawsonsaid.Itmustbeauniversalchildhoodfeeling:happywithsand,stickyfromthesalt,hotfromthesun,andreadytofallasleepthemomentyougetintothecar.4.WhydoesLawsonmentionthescenewherethekidsbuiltsandcastles?A.Tosuggestawaytoenjoyleisure. B.Toremindreadersofthechildhood.C.Toconvinceusofhowlifeworks. D.Totellustheinspirationforhisbook.5.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetwobooksmentioned?A.Theyarepurchasedbykidsuniversally. B.Readerscanonlyfindpicturesinthem.C.Theycarrynoelementsofcomicbooks. D.Thestoriesareliterallyworksoffantasy.6.HowdoesLawsonfeelwhentellingusthelastpagesinthelastparagraph?A.Relieved. B.Pleased. C.Disturbed. D.Exhausted.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Childhoodinsandcastles B.BeautifulchildhoodmemoriesC.Popularillustratedbooks D.Explorethemysteryofnature【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Lawson創(chuàng)作無字繪本《ADayforSandcastles》的靈感來源，以及他和插畫師冷琴對該繪本的評價?！即鸢浮?.D5.B6.B7.A【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“

Buttheyfounditmoreexcitingtobuildrightwherethewaveshit,seeingtheirsandcastlesgetdestroyed,andthenrebuildingthemwithwhateverdebriswashedupfromtheocean.“Itseemedsosymbolic,somehow,ofhowlifeworksmorethanjustbuildingyourperfectsandcastles,”saidLawson.

Whenhedecidedtoturnthatsunnydayintoachildren’sbook,theideacametojustusepictures.(但他們發(fā)現(xiàn)在海浪襲來的地方建造更令人興奮，看著他們的沙堡被摧毀，然后用從海洋沖上來的任何碎片重建它們。勞森說:“從某種程度上說，這似乎很有象征意義，說明生活不僅僅是建造完美的沙堡?！碑?dāng)他決定把那個陽光明媚的日子寫成一本兒童讀物時，他想到了只用圖片。)”可推測出，孩子們建造沙煲的場景是他寫書的靈感來源。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ADayforSandcastlesisillustratedbyQinLeng.It’sthesecondwordlesspicturebookforLawsonandLengsince2021’sOvertheShop.(《ADayforSandcastles》由冷琴插圖。這是自2021年的《OvertheShop》以來，Lawson和冷的第二本無字繪本。)”可知，這兩本書都是無字繪本，讀者只能在里面找到圖片。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Thoselastpagesaresomeofmyfavorite.Theycapturethatfeelinglikeattheendofthedayonthebeach,whenit’sgettingdarkandyoufeelcompletelyexhausted,’Lawsonsaid.Itmustbeauniversalchildhoodfeeling:happywithsand,stickyfromthesalt,hotfromthesun,andreadytofallasleepthemomentyougetintothecar.(Lawson說：‘最后幾頁是我最喜歡的。它們捕捉到了一天結(jié)束時在海灘上的感覺，天快黑了，你會感到筋疲力盡?！@一定是一種普遍的童年感覺：玩沙子玩得很開心，海水的鹽讓身體黏呼呼，太陽烤的人燥熱，一上車就昏昏欲睡。)”可推測出，Lawson描述了孩子們玩了一天沙子后的場景，這是童年美好的回憶，他在講述這最后幾頁的內(nèi)容時內(nèi)心是充滿快樂的。故選B?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一、二段講述了十年前帶著孩子們在沙灘上建城堡的場景是Lawson創(chuàng)作書的靈感來源；第三、四、五段描寫了插畫師冷琴和Lawson對書的評價。全文圍繞《ADayforSandcastles》展開，這是一本描述孩子們在沙灘上建造城堡的無字繪本，再根據(jù)第三段中的“Tomeit’sacelebrationofchildhoodandthesimplejoysoflife.(對我來說，這是對童年和簡單生活樂趣的慶祝。)”可知，A項(xiàng)“沙灘城堡里的童年”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選A。CInJuneamassive“heatdome”bakedthefamouslytemperatePacificNorthwest,subjectingpartsofWashingtonState,OregonandwesternCanadatoextremetemperatures.Itisvirtuallyimpossiblethatheatwaveslikethiswouldhaveoccurredwithoutclimatechange.Scientistsestimateitwasaone-in-1,000-yearevent.“Andthat’san‘a(chǎn)tleast,’”saysKristie.L.Ebi.“Itcouldbemorerarethanthat.”IfwarmingreachestwodegreesCabovepreindustriallevels—thethreshold(閾值)thatmostnationalgovernmentshaveagreedtotrytoavoidinhopesofreducingclimatechangeimpacts,“thateventcouldoccureveryfiveto10years,”Ebisays.“InanaverageyearintheU.S.,heatkillsmorepeoplethananyothertypeofextremeweather,”saysKristinaDahl,aclimatescientist.HundredsofpeoplediedintherecentPacificNorthwestheatwave,accordingtoestimates:therewereatleast486deathsinBritishColumbia,116inOregonand78inWashington.ArecentU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionreportfoundthereweremorethan3,500emergencydepartmentvisitsforheat-relatedillnessthispastMayandJuneinaregionthatincludesOregonandWashingtonState.Thehumanbodyfunctionsbestat98.6degreesF(37degreesC).Thebodyhasmechanismstoriditselfofexcessheat,mostnotablysweating.Butatacertainpoint,thatfailstowork,causinglossofconsciousness.Peoplecaneventuallyacclimatizetosomelevelofheat.Ifyouliveinahotclimateorworkinhotconditionsforaperiodofweeksormonths,yourbodybecomesmoreefficientatsweatingandcoolingitselfdown.Thisprocesstakestime,however.Astheplanetwarms,heatwaveslikethesethisyeararebecomingfrighteninglycommonandcatchingclimatescientistsoffguard.“Evenalotofourclimatemodelsthatprojectouthowfrequentextremeheatwillbeinthefuturewouldn’thavenecessarilypredictedthislevelofheatforthatpartofthecountry,”KristinaDahlsays.“ButthentorealizethatIamseeingitinmylifetime,andlivingitrightnow,isreallyterrifying.”8.WhatdoesEbi’ssayingimplyinParagraph1?A.Heatdomehasaffectedatleastthreeregions.B.Temperaturereachesthethresholdimmediately.C.HeatwavesaffectthePacificNorthwestgreatly.D.Severeweathercouldbecomefrighteninglycommon.9.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Manyareasarebadlyaffectedbyheatwaves.B.Heatwavesposeamajorrisktopublichealth.C.Morepeoplediedofillnessesinthissummer.D.Latestnewsonheatwavesarewidelyreported.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acclimatize”inParagraph3mean?A.Adapt. B.Settle. C.Respond. D.Object.11.AccordingtoKristinaDahl,theextremeheat________.A.ruinshisnormaldailylife.B.getsscientistspreparedtoit.C.failstobeaccuratelyforecast.D.shouldbeexaminedfrequently.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要報道了氣候變化導(dǎo)致了致命的極端高溫，出乎科學(xué)家意料，威脅公眾健康?！即鸢浮?.D9.B10.A11.C【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“IfwarmingreachestwodegreesCabovepreindustriallevels—thethreshold(閾值)thatmostnationalgovernmentshaveagreedtotrytoavoidinhopesofreducingclimatechangeimpacts,“thateventcouldoccureveryfiveto10years,”Ebisays.(Ebi說，如果變暖達(dá)到工業(yè)化前的2攝氏度——大多數(shù)國家政府都同意盡量避免這一閾值，以期減少氣候變化的影響，“這一事件可能每5到10年發(fā)生一次。”)”可知，由Ebi的話可推知，這種惡劣的天氣可能每5到10年發(fā)生一次，會變得非常普遍。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段““InanaverageyearintheU.S.,heatkillsmorepeoplethananyothertypeofextremeweather,”saysKristinaDahl,aclimatescientist.HundredsofpeoplediedintherecentPacificNorthwestheatwave,accordingtoestimates:therewereatleast486deathsinBritishColumbia,116inOregonand78inWashington.ArecentU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionreportfoundthereweremorethan3,500emergencydepartmentvisitsforheat-relatedillnessthispastMayandJuneinaregionthatincludesOregonandWashingtonState.(氣候科學(xué)家KristinaDahl說：“在美國，平均每年，高溫導(dǎo)致的死亡人數(shù)比任何其他類型的極端天氣都多?！薄?jù)估計，最近太平洋西北部的熱浪導(dǎo)致數(shù)百人死亡：不列顛哥倫比亞省至少有486人死亡，俄勒岡州116人死亡，華盛頓州78人死亡。美國疾病控制和預(yù)防中心最近的一份報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，今年5月和6月，包括俄勒岡州和華盛頓州在內(nèi)的一個地區(qū)有3500多人因高溫相關(guān)疾病前往急診科就診)”可知，本段主要介紹了高溫天氣導(dǎo)致人們死亡，對公眾健康造成重大威脅。故選B?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Peoplecaneventuallyacclimatizetosomelevelofheat.Ifyouliveinahotclimateorworkinhotconditionsforaperiodofweeksormonths,yourbodybecomesmoreefficientatsweatingandcoolingitselfdown.(人們最終可以acclimatize一定程度的高溫。如果你在炎熱的氣候中生活或在炎熱的條件下工作數(shù)周或數(shù)月，你的身體會更有效地出汗和降溫)”可知，工作一段時間后，人們的身體可以更有效地出汗和降溫，即人們最終可以適應(yīng)一定程度的高溫，劃線單詞表示“適應(yīng)”，與adapt意義相近。故選A?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Evenalotofourclimatemodelsthatprojectouthowfrequentextremeheatwillbeinthefuturewouldn’thavenecessarilypredictedthislevelofheatforthatpartofthecountry,”KristinaDahlsays.(KristinaDahl說：“即使我們的許多氣候模型預(yù)測了未來極端高溫的頻率，也不一定能預(yù)測出該地區(qū)的高溫水平?！?”可知，根據(jù)KristinaDahl的說法，極端高溫還不能準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測。故選C。DScientistshavediscoveredanewwayofadministeringoxygentothebloodwhichcouldallowpeopletostayalivewithoutbreathing.Theprocedure,whichworksbyinjectingoxygenmoleculesenclosedinfattymoleculesdirectlyintothebloodstream,couldextendanextra30minutesoflifewhentheycannotbreathe.JohnKheir,adoctoroftheBostonChildren’sHospital,wasinspiredtobeginhisgroundbreakingresearchafterheexperiencedapatient’stragicdeath,accordingtoScienceDaily.Hewasoperatingonayounggirlwhosepneumonialedtodeadlybraindamageafterdoctorswereunabletoplaceheronabreathingmachineintimetosaveher.Inresponse,DrKheirstartedworkingontheideaofinsertingoxygendirectlyintotheblood.Earlyexperimentsshowedthattheinterventioncouldintheorybeverysuccessful,hesaid,“Wedreweachother’sblood,mixeditinatest.tubewiththemicroparticles,andwatchedbluebloodturnimmediatelyred,rightbeforeoureyes.”However,injectingpureoxygenintothebloodstreamingasformfailedmiserablywhenitwasattempted100yearsago,asitformeddangerousbubblesintheveins.MuchofDrKheir’sresearchthereforeinvolvedfindingasubstancewhichcouldsurroundtheoxygenandallowittobesuspendedinaliquidforinjectionintothebody.Hefoundthatusingfattymoleculeswasthebestwaytokeepoxygenafterusingsoundwavestotrapthetwosubstancestogetherintosmallparticlesthatcanonlybeseenwiththehelpofa.microscope.Theparticleswerethenmadeupintoaliquidwhichisveryheavilyoxygenated—carrying“threetofourtimestheoxygencontentofourownredbloodcells”,accordingtoDrKheir.Whenusedonhumans,theoxygencouldprobablylastforupto30minutes,thoughinjectingitforanylongercoulddamagethepatient’sblood.“Thisisashort-termoxygensubstitute—awaytosafelyinjectoxygengastosupportpatientsduringacriticalfewminutes,”DrKheirsaid.Headdedthathethoughtthetechniquecouldbecomeroutinefordoctorsdealingwithemergencysituations.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.JohnKheirmadeamistakeinanoperation.B.AnincidentenlightenedJohnKheir’sresearch.C.JohnKheirfailedtoinjectoxygentoagirl’sblood.D.AyoungpatientdiedtragicallyinJohnKheir’sresearch.13.Whatproblemmayleadtothefailureofprevioustrials?A.Thebluebloodcanturnredonlyintheory.B.Themicroparticlesfailtomixwithoxygen.C.Administeringoxygentothebloodisdifficult.D.Oxygengasinsertedmaycausemoreseriousproblems.14.HowdidDrKheirsolvetheproblemtosuccessfullyinjectoxygentotheblood?A.Tosurroundoxygenmoleculeswithfat. B.Tousesoundwavestoturngasintoliquid.C.Toinvolvemoreoxygenintoredbloodcells. D.Tofindaliquidwiththeaidofamicroscope.15.WhatisDrKheir’sattitudetowardsthenewway?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Subjective. D.Hopeful.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種向血液輸送氧氣的新方法，這種方法可以讓人在沒有呼吸的情況下存活下來。這項(xiàng)手術(shù)通過將包裹在脂肪分子中的氧分子直接注射到血液中，可以在患者無法呼吸時延長30分鐘的生命。〖答案〗12.B13.D14.A15.D【12題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“JohnKheir,adoctoroftheBostonChildren’sHospital,wasinspiredtobeginhisgroundbreakingresearchafterheexperiencedapatient’stragicdeath,accordingtoScienceDaily.Hewasoperatingonayounggirlwhosepneumonialedtodeadlybraindamageafterdoctorswereunabletoplaceheronabreathingmachineintimetosaveher.(據(jù)《每日科學(xué)》報道，波士頓兒童醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生約翰·凱爾在經(jīng)歷了一位病人的悲慘死亡后，受到啟發(fā)，開始了他開創(chuàng)性的研究。他當(dāng)時正在給一名患有肺炎的小女孩做手術(shù)，這名女孩的腦部受到了致命的損傷，因?yàn)獒t(yī)生沒能及時將她放在呼吸機(jī)上)”可知，第二段的主要內(nèi)容是一件事啟發(fā)了JohnKheir的研究。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,injectingpureoxygenintothebloodstreamingasformfailedmiserablywhenitwasattempted100yearsago,asitformeddangerousbubblesintheveins.(然而，100年前，將純氧以氣體形式注入血液的嘗試失敗了，因?yàn)樗陟o脈中形成了危險的氣泡)”可知，注入的氧氣可能會導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的問題可能導(dǎo)致之前的試驗(yàn)失敗。故選D?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“MuchofDrKheir’sresearchthereforeinvolvedfindingasubstancewhichcouldsurroundtheoxygenandallowittobesuspendedinaliquidforinjectionintothebody.Hefoundthatusingfattymoleculeswasthebestwaytokeepoxygenafterusingsoundwavestotrapthetwosubstancestogetherintosmallparticlesthatcanonlybeseenwiththehelpofa.microscope.Theparticleswerethenmadeupintoaliquidwhichisveryheavilyoxygenated—carrying“threetofourtimestheoxygencontentofourownredbloodcells”,accordingtoDrKheir.(因此，凱爾醫(yī)生的大部分研究都涉及到尋找一種物質(zhì)，這種物質(zhì)可以包圍氧氣，并使其懸浮在液體中，以便注射到體內(nèi)。他發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用脂肪分子是保存氧氣的最好方法，之前他使用聲波將兩種物質(zhì)困在一起，形成只有借助顯微鏡才能看到的小顆粒。然后，這些顆粒被制成一種含氧量很高的液體，據(jù)凱爾醫(yī)生說，這種液體攜帶的氧含量是人體紅細(xì)胞的三到四倍)”可知，通過用脂肪包圍氧分子解決向血液中成功注入氧氣的問題。故選A?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thisisashort-termoxygensubstitute—awaytosafelyinjectoxygengastosupportpatientsduringacriticalfewminutes,”DrKheirsaid.Headdedthathethoughtthetechniquecouldbecomeroutinefordoctorsdealingwithemergencysituations.(“這是一種短期的氧氣替代品——一種在關(guān)鍵的幾分鐘內(nèi)安全注射氧氣來支持病人的方法，”海爾博士說。他補(bǔ)充說，他認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以成為醫(yī)生處理緊急情況的常規(guī)方法)”可推知，Kheir對這種新方法充滿希望。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoCreatethePerfectSpringPlanterSpringcontainersareaneasysolutionforjazzingupacolorlessbalconyandboringcornersofanygardenatthistimeofyear.______16______Choosingtherightcontainerisimportant.Alwaysthinkaboutthestyleofyourgarden.______17______Theyaresolidpotsforspringastheydon’tblowoverinthoseearlyspringwinds.Checkthatthepothasalargedrainage(排水)holetoensurethatthesoildrainswell,butalwayscoveritwithacrock(likeapiecefromabroken?owerplanter)sothatthesoildoesn’tblocktheholeandcreateproblemswithdrainagelaterdowntheline.Choosingtherightcompost(堆肥)isthekeytothesuccessofanyplanting.Ithinkit’sbesttousesoil-basedcompostsothatthesoildoesnotbecometooheavyorwaterlogged,especiallyinspringwhenwecouldhaveplentyofshowers.______18______Andtoomuchwaterinthesoilwillfreeze,preventingtheplantsfromtakingupthevitalwater.Plantcombinationsareimportant,soalwaysthinkaboutmixeswhichwilllastaswellasannualandperennial(多年生的)ones.______19______Abunchofpotsforcestheeyetolookaroundandtakeineachpotandplantcombination.Aniceoptionisplantingsummer?owerslikeDahliaorLilytocreateasummerimpact._____20_____Itcanbeachievedbyusingtallplants.Ifyoudon’thaveatallplantthenyoucanalwaysraiseyourpotoffthegroundwitholdhousebricksordecorativepotfeet,orusestepsinyourgardentocreateinterestanddrama.Apleasantsmellisalwaysalovelyadditiontoaspaceaswellaswildlife.Selecttherightplantforyourlocationinyourgarden－sunorshade-loving.A.Ilikegood,weightyplanters.B.ItcanstillbefrostyrightuptoMay.C.Andbesides,theyaresoeasytocarefor.D.Ialsoliketogrouppotstogetherindifferentsizes.E.Capitalizeonthosevariationstohelpchoosecompanions.F.Youmay?ndsomeoftheseplantsinsmallerpotsorevenmulti-packs.G.Heightisimportanttothinkaboutwhenyou’redesigningyourarrangement.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了打造完美春季花盆的技巧，包括挑選與花園風(fēng)格匹配的穩(wěn)固花盆、使用土壤基質(zhì)堆肥確保良好排水、植物搭配考慮持久性與季節(jié)性，以及通過高低錯落布置增加觀賞性?！即鸢浮?6.C17.A18.B19.D20.G【16題詳析】由上文“Springcontainersareaneasysolutionforjazzingupacolorlessbalconyandboringcornersofanygardenatthistimeofyear.(春季容器是此時為無色的陽臺和花園中枯燥角落增添活力的簡單解決方案)”可知，本空繼續(xù)講述春季種植容器的好處，C選項(xiàng)“此外，它們很容易照料”繼續(xù)補(bǔ)充說明了春季種植容器便于打理的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，能承接上文，符合題意。故選C?！?7題詳析】由上文“Choosingtherightcontainerisimportant.Alwaysthinkaboutthestyleofyourgarden.(選擇合適的容器很重要。始終要考慮你花園的風(fēng)格)”可知，上文提到了選擇容器的重要性以及需要考慮的因素，本空要說跟“選擇容器”有關(guān)的話題，A選項(xiàng)“我喜歡堅固、沉穩(wěn)的種植容器”是對個人偏好的具體描述，與前文關(guān)于容器的選擇相呼應(yīng)，能承接上文，符合題意。故選A。【18題詳析】由上文“Ithinkit’sbesttousesoil-basedcompostsothatthesoildoesnotbecometooheavyorwaterlogged,especiallyinspringwhenwecouldhaveplentyofshowers.(我認(rèn)為最好使用基于土壤的堆肥，這樣土壤就不會變得太重或過于水浸，尤其是在春季，我們可能會有很多陣雨)”可知，上文提到了春季雨水多可能導(dǎo)致的問題，本空要說跟“春季天氣”有關(guān)的話題，B選項(xiàng)“直到五月還可能有霜凍”繼續(xù)補(bǔ)充了春季天氣的另一特點(diǎn)，即霜凍，都是關(guān)于春季氣候?qū)χ参锷L影響的討論，能承接上文，符合題意。故選B。【19題詳析】由上文“Plantcombinationsareimportant,soalwaysthinkaboutmixeswhichwilllastaswellasannualandperennialones.(植物組合很重要，所以要經(jīng)常考慮那些能夠持續(xù)生長以及一年生和多年生的植物組合)”可知，上文提到了植物搭配的策略，本空要說跟“植物搭配”有關(guān)的話題，D選項(xiàng)“我也喜歡把不同大小的花盆放在一起”進(jìn)一步說明了如何通過組合花盆來營造和諧的視覺效果，與前文關(guān)于植物布局的內(nèi)容緊密相連，能承接上文，符合題意。故選D?！?0題詳析】由下文“Itcanbeachievedbyusingtallplants.Ifyoudon’thaveatallplantwhenyoucanalwaysraiseyourpotoffthegroundwitholdhousebricksordecorativepotfeet,orusestepsinyourgardentocreateinterestanddrama.(這可以通過使用高大的植物來實(shí)現(xiàn)。如果你沒有一株高大的植物，你可以用舊磚或裝飾花盆的腳把你的花盆抬離地面，或者在你的花園里用臺階來創(chuàng)造興趣和戲劇)”可知，上文提到了使用高大植物達(dá)到某種效果的方法，本空要說跟“設(shè)計布置”有關(guān)的話題，G選項(xiàng)“在設(shè)計布置時，高度是一個需要考慮的重要因素”作為引言，指出在設(shè)計植物布局時應(yīng)考慮高度問題，與下文提出的解決方案相銜接。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的ABCD四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JamesonLobbandhisfriendRaphaelJafriweresqueezinginalunchtimeworkoutonPier(碼頭)15,overlookingtheEastRiver,whenLobb____21____.“Somebody’sinthewater,”hesaid.BeforeJafricouldrespond,Lobb____22____therailanddivedintothecold,pollutedwater.WhatLobbhadheardwasa(n)____23____?shermanshoutingfromPier16,nearly50yardsaway,“Help!He’sinthewater!”____24____theunconscious(昏迷的)victim,Lobbsawthatitwasamiddle-agedman.Hewasbig,around200pounds,respectablydressedandsinkingfast.Hewas3feetbelowthesurfacebythetimeLobbreachedhim.The____25____dived,feltaround,graspedthemanandkickedupwarduntiltheyboth____26____.Jafriwastherenow.Thetwofriends?oatedthemanonhisback.Theirmuscles____27____astheypushedandpulledtheimmobile____28____throughthewater.Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver,whichthey____29____toJafriandLobb.Thefriendsworkedthevictim’sarmandhead____30____thelifepreserverandtiedtheropearoundhisbody.Withthepairpushingfrombelowandthe____31____pullingfromabove,themanslowlyroseuntil____32____handspulledhimontothepier.Bothmen,thoroughly____33____,watchedasrescueworkers____34____thenearlydrowned(溺亡的)manintoanambulanceanddroveaway.Lotsofpeoplewereonthepiersthatday,yetonlythetwoofthemjumpedinthewater—because,theysay,theywerethe?ttestpeoplethereand,so,hadamoral____35____21.A.waved B.sighed C.froze D.cheered22.A.restedon B.sliddown C.ranalong D.climbedover23.A.alarmed B.confused C.annoyed D.surprised24.A.Recognizing B.Approaching C.Passing D.Examining25.A.rescuer B.survivor C.victim D.onlooker26.A.returned B.recovered C.retreated D.resurfaced27.A.relaxed B.burned C.tightened D.strengthened28.A.?gure B.rock C.barrier D.boat29.A.tied B.handed C.threw D.carried30.A.through B.beyond C.across D.along31.A.?sherman B.crowd C.couple D.nurse32.A.strong B.gentle C.helping D.accepting33.A.wornout B.stressedout C.light-hearted D.hard-headed34.A.push B.dragged C.stuffed D.loaded35.A.preference B.lesson C.responsibility D.choice【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了JamesonLobb和朋友RaphaelJafri在午餐鍛煉時勇敢跳入河中救出一名溺水男子的故事?！即鸢浮?1.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：正當(dāng)JamesonLobb和他的朋友RaphaelJafri在碼頭進(jìn)行午間鍛煉時，Lobb驚呆了，他說“有人在水里”。A.waved揮手；B.sighed嘆氣；C.froze愣住，驚呆；D.cheered歡呼。根據(jù)下文““Somebody’sinthewater,”hesaid.”可知，Lobb看到了有人落水，因此是愣住了或驚呆了的反應(yīng)。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Jafri還沒來得及回應(yīng)，Lobb就翻過欄桿，跳進(jìn)了冰冷、被污染的水中。A.restedon依靠；B.sliddown滑下；C.ranalong沿著跑；D.climbedover爬過。根據(jù)空后“therailanddivedintothecold,pollutedwater”可知，Lobb決定救人，因此需要迅速越過欄桿去救人。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Lobb聽到的是一個驚慌失措的漁民在16號碼頭喊叫，大約在50碼外，“救命！他在水里！”A.alarmed驚慌的；B.confused困惑的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)下文的“Help!He’sinthewater!”可知，漁民發(fā)現(xiàn)有人落水，應(yīng)該是驚慌失措的狀態(tài)。故選A。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：接近那個昏迷的受害者時，Lobb看到那是一個中年男子。A.Recognizing認(rèn)出；B.Approaching接近；C.Passing經(jīng)過；D.Examining檢查。根據(jù)下文“Hewas3feetbelowthesurfacebythetimeLobbreachedhim.”可知，Lobb跳入水中是為了救人，因此此處應(yīng)是他接近受害者的情景。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：救援者潛水下去，摸索著，抓住那個人，然后踢腿向上直到他們都重新浮出水面。A.rescuer救援者；B.survivor幸存者；C.victim受害者；D.onlooker旁觀者。根據(jù)上文“

BeforeJafricouldrespond,Lobb________

therailanddivedintothecold,pollutedwater.”可知，Lobb跳下水去救人，此處指的是Lobb作為救援者的行為。故選A。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：救援者潛水下去，摸索著，抓住那個人，然后踢腿向上直到他們都重新浮出水面。A.returned返回；B.recovered恢復(fù)；C.retreated后退；D.resurfaced重新浮出水面。根據(jù)上文“

The________

dived,feltaround,graspedthemanandkickedupward”可知，Lobb潛下去救人，然后帶著人一起再次浮出水面。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的肌肉因推拉不動的身軀穿過水面而劇烈疼痛。A.relaxed放松；B.burned劇烈疼痛，灼燒；C.tightened緊繃；D.strengthened加強(qiáng)。根據(jù)上文“The_______

dived,feltaround,graspedthemanandkickedupwarduntiltheyboth_______.Jafriwastherenow.

”可知，Lobb和Jafri在水中奮力救人，因此肌肉會因用力過度而感到灼痛。故選B。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的肌肉因推拉不動的身軀穿過水面而劇烈疼痛。A.figure身體；B.rock巖石；C.barrier障礙；D.boat船。根據(jù)上文“graspedthemanandkickedupward”可知，這里指的是他們正在水中推拉的那個男子的身體。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：圍觀的人群不知從哪里找來了一根繩子和一個救生圈，他們把這兩樣?xùn)|西扔給了Jafri和Lobb。A.tied系；B.handed遞給；C.threw扔；D.carried攜帶。根據(jù)空后的“JafriandLobb”可知，人群在岸邊幫助他們，應(yīng)該是將繩子和救生圈扔給他們。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個朋友把受害者的胳膊和頭穿過救生圈，并用繩子綁住他的身體。A.through穿過；B.beyond超過；C.across橫穿；D.along沿著。根據(jù)空后“thelifepreserverandtiedtheropearoundhisbody”可知，此處指將受害者的身體部位穿過救生圈，以便固定并施救。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在兩人從下方推的同時，上方的人群拉著，那人慢慢地升起，直到援助的手把他拉上碼頭。A.fisherman漁民；B.crowd人群；C.couple夫婦；D.nurse護(hù)士。根據(jù)上文“Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver”可知，是圍觀的人群參與了救援，所以這里是人群在拉繩子。故選B。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在兩人從下方推的同時，上方的人群拉著，那人慢慢地升起，直到援助的手把他拉上碼頭。A.strong強(qiáng)壯的；B.gentle溫柔的；C.helping援助的；D.accepting接受的。根據(jù)上文“Onthepier,acrowdhadgathered.Fromsomewhere,theonlookersproducedaropeandalifepreserver”可知，這里指的是伸出援手幫忙的人們，即“helpinghands”。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞組辨析。句意：兩人都累垮了，看著救援人員把這個幾乎溺死的人抬上救護(hù)車開走。A.wornout筋疲力盡的；B.stressedout壓力大的；C.light-hearted輕松愉快的；D.hard-headed頑固的。根據(jù)上文“Theirmuscles______

astheypushedandpulledtheimmobile_______

throughthewater.”可知，經(jīng)過一番努力救援，他們應(yīng)該感到非常疲憊。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩人都累垮了，看著救援人員把這個幾乎溺死的人抬上救護(hù)車開走。A.push推；B.dragged拖；C.stuffed塞滿；D.loaded裝上。根據(jù)空后“thenearlydrowned(溺亡的)manintoanambulanceanddroveaway.

”可知，此處指救援人員將溺水者抬上救護(hù)車，loaded“裝上”符合此情景。故選D。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天碼頭上有很多人，但只有他們兩個跳入水中——因?yàn)樗麄冋f，他們是那里最健康的人，因此有道德責(zé)任這樣做。A.preference偏好；B.lesson教訓(xùn)；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，Lobb和Jafri認(rèn)為自己是最適合下水救人的人，因此他們覺得這是他們的道德責(zé)任。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Domesticcomedyfilm“YOLO”tellsthestoryofanunemployedwomaninher30swhostillliveswithherparentsuntilshemeetsaboxingcoachwhomaychangeherlife.____3