2021-2022學(xué)年高中英語Unit15LearningSectionⅡLesson2DifferentSchools課后篇鞏固提升（含解析）北師大版必修

Unit15LearningSectionⅡLesson2DifferentSchools課后篇鞏固提升一、單詞拼寫1.—Whatisyour(座右銘)?

—Nopains,nogains.答案motto2.—Whatdoyouthinkofyourgrandfather?—Inaway,heisvery(保守的).

答案conservative3.—Whatisyourgirlfrienddoingnow?—Sheis(選擇)awatchforme.

答案selecting4.—Whyisthisgirlfeelingsosad?—Hergoodfrienddidn’tescape(懲罰).

答案punishment5.Theoldcouplehadan(另類的)lifestyle,buttheyhadagood(名聲).Theywerealwaysso(溫和的)thattheytalkedinalowvoice.Thehusbandusedtobevery(杰出的)andhis(格言)was“Betterlaterthannever.”Theyoften(挑選)somegiftsforthepoorchildrenonChristmas.

答案alternative;reputation;mild;outstanding;motto;selected二、寫出畫線部分的漢語意思Theyoungmanreceivedlittleeducationandhewasveryloose1..Hehadabadreputation2.,butheneverreflected3.onhisbehavior.Hisneighborsdislikedhim,forintheiropinion,hewastooalternative4..Herefusedtomakeaslight5.change.Fiveyearslater,heendedupwithpunishment6..

答案三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.—WouldyoumindifIopenthewindow?—No.Notinthe(slight).

答案slightest2.Dadpickedupthe(receive)anddialedthenumber.

答案receiver3.Thecoachmadeher(select)fortheteam.

答案selection4.Itseemedthat(punish)hadverylittleeffectonhim.

答案punishment5.Sandy,youmusthave(understand)him.Ithink,youshouldbelievehim.

答案misunderstood四、用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(每個(gè)限用一次)takeup,fallbehind,gettogether,goover,lookup,puton,putoff,getonwith1.Becauseoftheheavyrain,oursportsmeetwas.

答案putoff2.It’susuallyusefultoyournotesbeforeexams.

答案goover3.Howisyoursisterhernewclassmatesinthenewschool?

答案gettingonwith4.Davidalwaysstudieshardincasehemightothers.

答案fallbehind5.Onsuchaspecialoccasion,familiesinthevillagewouldandhaveabigdinner.

答案gettogether6.Playingputergamesalwaysmostofhissparetime.

答案takesup7.OnweekendsIlikeinformationthroughtheInternet.

答案lookingup8.Idon’tthinkheisfeelingsad.Heisjustit.

答案putting;on五、閱讀理解(2019·全國Ⅲ)Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith025dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeysbined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here’showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachbination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,”Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey’redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”1.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem.B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem.D.Theymeasuredthem.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeysto...”和“Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeysbined...”可知,研究者在測試前對猴子進(jìn)行了訓(xùn)練。2.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos.D.Bymixingtwodrinks.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句“Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.”可知,想得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),猴子需要觸摸屏幕。3.WhatdidLivingstone’steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“...indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachbination.”可知,猴子正在進(jìn)行計(jì)算,而不僅僅是記住每個(gè)組合的值。故A項(xiàng)正確。4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health.C.Education. D.Science.答案D解析文章出處題。本文主要介紹了哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家對猴子進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)猴子可以進(jìn)行基本的加法運(yùn)算。由此可知本文與科學(xué)有關(guān),故D項(xiàng)正確。六、完形填空Somepeopleallowbadpastexperiencestokeeptheminfear.ApersonalexampleofthishappenedwhenIwasinmiddleschool.Weeachwereaskedtogiveanoral1infrontofthewholeclass.Whenmyturncame,Ibecame2andIstartedswingingmylegsbackandforth.Ididthisduringtheentirepresentation.Iwasa3studentandIdidnotrealizeIwasdoingit.

AfterIpletedmypresentation,I4didorevenwantedtogiveanotheroralpresentationfortherestofmyyearsinschool.5Igotolder,IrealizedIwantedtoimprovemypersonalityandbuild6overmyfear.Ibeganlisteningtomotivationalspeeches.Iwouldgoto7seminars(研討會(huì))andfoundIwasfeelingbetterandbetteraboutmyself.This8metowanttoreachoutandhelpothersinneed.

Afterlisteningtooneparticularspeakermanytimes,Idecidedtowritetohimfor9.Hehadadvisedinhisspeechesthatiftherewassomethingyouwantedto10,youshouldbepersistent(堅(jiān)持不懈的).SoIbecameverypersistent.

Iwrotetohisofficemanytimesandthey11calledmeback.Theyofferedmehelpbyinstructingmeto12alocalToastmastersandseewhatitwasallabout.Toastmastersisagreatorganizationforpeoplewhoareinterestedinimprovingtheir13skillsinpreparationforpresentationsinfrontofa(n)14.Icertainlyneededtodothis.IlocatedthenearestToastmastersand15ameeting.

Atfirst,Isatinthebackgroundandwastoooverebymy16.Ididnotevenwanttointroducemyself.Butby17thiswasjustthefalseevidenceappearingreal,I18myfearandwithinashortperiodoftimeIwasPresidentofthatToastmasters.

Don’tget19infearsfromunpleasantpastexperiences.Fearsare20butfalseevidenceappearingreal,andtheyaremadetobebroken.

1答案A解析句意:我們每個(gè)人都被要求做一個(gè)自我介紹。下文“Ididthisduringtheentirepresentation”中的presentation為提示詞。故用presentation(介紹)。2答案B解析由后半句“Istartedswingingmylegsbackandforth”可知我當(dāng)時(shí)是很緊張的,故用nervous(緊張的)。3答案C解析根據(jù)句意可知,這句表達(dá)的是我那時(shí)還小,并沒有意識到在做什么,故用young。4答案D解析根據(jù)上下文意思可知,這句表達(dá)的是完成自我介紹之后,我從來沒有想過在學(xué)校里再有一次口頭的介紹。故用never(從未)。5答案C解析本句表達(dá)的是隨著年齡的增長,我意識到我想完善我的性格并且建立自信。根據(jù)句意故用as(隨著)。6答案B解析本句表達(dá)的是隨著年齡的增長,我意識到我想完善我的性格并且建立自信。根據(jù)句意及語境故用confidence(自信)。7答案C解析根據(jù)后半句“andfoundIwasfeelingbetterandbetter”可知這些研討會(huì)都是讓人大受鼓舞的,故用inspiring(令人受鼓舞的)。8答案B解析前面提到這些勵(lì)志演講及研討會(huì)都是讓我備受鼓舞的,因此這句表達(dá)的是鼓勵(lì)我伸出手去幫助那些需要幫助的人,故用encouraged(鼓勵(lì))。9答案D解析根據(jù)后一句“Hehadadvisedinhisspeeches...”可知前一句的意思是我決定寫信向他征求建議。故用advice(建議)。10答案A解析根據(jù)上下文意思,這句意思是如果你想完成/實(shí)現(xiàn)一些事情,你應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持不懈。故用achieve(完成/實(shí)現(xiàn))。11答案D解析根據(jù)句意,這句表達(dá)的是我給他們辦公室寫了很多信,他們終于給我回了。故用finally(終于)。12答案B解析根據(jù)句意,這里表達(dá)的是指導(dǎo)我聯(lián)系當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患襎oastmasters,故用contact(聯(lián)系)。13答案A解析根據(jù)文章意思可知,作者想提高演講技能。而Toastmasters這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)正是為了提高人們的演講技能而設(shè)立的。故用speaking(演講)。14答案C解析根據(jù)意思可知,是在觀眾面前展示。故用audience(觀眾)。15答案C解析這句表達(dá)的意思是我找了最近的一家Toastmasters,并且參