初高中英語銜接語法：句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)

Grammarandusage

---sentenceelementsandsentencestructures句子成分與結(jié)構(gòu)Sentenceelements句子成分sentenceelements:主語subject謂語verb賓語object表語predicative補(bǔ)語complement狀語adverbial定語attributiveSentencepatterns句子結(jié)構(gòu)sentencepatterns:SV主謂SVP主系表SVO主謂賓SVOO主謂+間賓+直賓SVOC主謂賓補(bǔ)SVA主謂狀SVOA主謂賓狀subject主語放在謂語（verb）前,動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。做主語的是名詞性質(zhì)的詞。Aperson,animal,place,thing,orconcept

thatdoesanaction.下列句子的主語對嗎？Listentomusicmakesmerelaxed.Thedogiscute.Ilikemusic.Potentialisyournaturalabilitythatcanbedeveloped.verb謂語跟在主語后,表明主語所做的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。做謂語的是動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)的詞。包括實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（speak,run,go...）和系動(dòng)詞(be,become,feel,look,seem...)。*一個(gè)單句中如果沒有and等連接詞只能出現(xiàn)一個(gè)謂語?。。?！Expresseswhattheperson,animal,place,thing,orconceptdoes.下列句子的謂語對嗎？Maryislistentomusic.Hereadsmanybooks.Hewritessingssong.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞概念：實(shí)實(shí)在在有意思的動(dòng)詞。stop,acquire,balance...分類：transitiveverb及物動(dòng)詞（帶賓語）；意義才完整。intransitiveverb不及物動(dòng)詞（不需帶賓語），意思也完整。Birdscanfly.Acaraccidenthappened.Ilikeit.Iboughtanewcar.SV主謂結(jié)構(gòu)Thecarstopped.Johnlaughed.Iforgot.Iknow.object賓語跟在謂語（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）后,表示動(dòng)作的承受者。賓語只能是名詞性質(zhì)的詞。Aperson,animal,place,thing,orconceptthatreceivestheaction.?。?！找出賓語Heaskedaquestion.Marylikesmusicalot.Hereadsmanybooks.JimmyhateslearningEnglish.SVO主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)Ioftenskipbreakfast.Amylikesicecream.MybrotherwenttoAustralia.Ineedanotebook.object賓語有的謂語動(dòng)詞后面可以接兩個(gè)賓語，人——間接賓語（indirectobject），物——直接賓語(directspeech)。找出直接賓語和間接賓語MaxpitchedAlicethebaseball.Robgavemeaboxofchocolates.HesentBobapostcard.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.SVOO主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)Mikegavemeagift.Icookedhimdinner.Myparentsboughtmeanewphone.Canyousendmethepicture?系動(dòng)詞概念：用來輔助主語的動(dòng)詞。它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語，其后必須跟表語(名詞，形容詞性質(zhì)詞)，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。系動(dòng)詞：be,become,feel,seem,等。SVP主系表結(jié)構(gòu)Theleavesturnedyellow.Sheisagreatgirl.Hebecameournewboss.Youseemedhappy.Thistaskischallenging.complement補(bǔ)語概念：跟在賓語后面，用來補(bǔ)充說明其特征和情況。通常為名詞和形容詞性質(zhì)詞。找出補(bǔ)語Shemademeabetterman.YoucancallmeJack.Playingbasketballmakesmehealthy.SVOC主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)WefindEnglishinteresting.Anniepaintedherbedroompink.HisparentsnamedhimBob.AmericanswillprobablyelectDonaldTrumppresident.adveribal狀語概念：用來修飾謂語或者整個(gè)句子，表明程度或者動(dòng)作的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)方式。通常為副詞性質(zhì)的詞。找出狀語HespeaksEnglishfluently.Wewillgoinafewminutes.Heopenedthedoorquietly.Maryshoutedangrily.SVA主謂狀SVOA主謂賓狀結(jié)構(gòu)WorkingouttherulesRule1:Thesubjectandthe(1)_________________arenecessarypartsofasentence.Rule2:Atransitiveverbisalwaysfollowedbya(n)(2)_________________.Rule3:Someverbscanhavetwoobjects.Theindirectobjectusually