牛津高中英語(yǔ)M9語(yǔ)法狀語(yǔ)從句學(xué)案

第5講：狀語(yǔ)從句

學(xué)生姓名年級(jí)高三授課教師王老師備課時(shí)間

教學(xué)

狀語(yǔ)從句

目標(biāo)

重、難

考點(diǎn)

教學(xué)內(nèi)容

重點(diǎn)單詞記憶

翱嚼橢;

￥-------^=4---------JH

聽(tīng)寫(xiě)

基礎(chǔ)狂記

狀語(yǔ)從句

一、定義

在句中作狀語(yǔ)的從句是狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo),

從屬連詞在句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用，狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，要用逗號(hào)，放在句尾時(shí)不

用。

二、分類

根據(jù)意義上的不同，狀語(yǔ)從句可分為：①時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句②地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句③原因狀語(yǔ)從句④目的狀語(yǔ)

從句⑤條件狀語(yǔ)從句⑥結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句⑦讓步狀語(yǔ)從句⑧方式狀語(yǔ)從句⑨比較狀語(yǔ)從句

三、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

（一）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：as,when（whenever）,before,after,assoonas,until（till）,

since,everytime,once.

（二）、“as”as,when,while都有“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，可以互用

Whenshewasachild.

Whileshewasachild.SheLivedinParis.

Asshewasachild.

as有“一邊----邊”的意思

Hesangashewalked.

“when”

Whentheclockstrucktwelve,allthelightswentout.

Iwassleepingwhenshecamein.動(dòng)補(bǔ)

Whenwearrivedatthestation,thetrainhadleft.

“while”主、從句動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生。用while引導(dǎo)的從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常表示較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間

或一個(gè)過(guò)程。

Whilewewerehavingsupper,allthelightswentout.

Pleasekeepquietwhileothersarestudying.

WhileIwaswritingletterslastnight,hewaswatchingTV.

when,while并列連問(wèn)。when和while都可用作并列連問(wèn),連接并列分句。When表示“就在...

的時(shí)候”，while意反而，可是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。OneeveningBeethovenwaswalkinginastreet,

whenhesuddenlystoppedoutsidealittlehouse.

并列連詞引導(dǎo)并列句，意思是就在那時(shí)。

（三）、主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，主句是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般

過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

1.r11callyouwhenIgetthere.

2.Theysaidtheywouldleavewhentheygotthenew.

3.Theyleftassoonastheygotthenew.

Whenever無(wú)論什么時(shí)候，隨時(shí)

1.Wheneversomeonethrowsinsomerubbish,thetruckproducesapieceofmusic.

每當(dāng)有人扔進(jìn)一些垃圾時(shí)，它（汽車）就放一段音樂(lè)。

2.Wheneverwe'reintrouble,theywillhelpus.

3.Igotothetheatre,wheneverIamfree.

4.Comeandseemewheneveryouwantto,你隨時(shí)來(lái)看我。

till和until（表示“直到...?）句首多用until

1、在肯定句中表示“直到……為止”，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

Iwaswaitinguntil/tillhearrived.

2、在否定句中表示“直到……才”主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用終止性動(dòng)詞，這時(shí)until和till常被before

替換。

Ididn'tleavetill/untilshecameback.

since:主句用完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的從句間或可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

ItistwoyearssinceIhavestudiedEnglish.

1.Wehaveknowneachothersincewewerechildren.

2.Wehavebeenfriends（eversince）sincewemetatschool.

3.Itis...（一段時(shí)間）+since+—般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)句子。

Itistwoyearssincemysistermarried.

...（一段時(shí)間）have/haspassedsince+一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)句子

Twosistershave/haspassedsincemysistermarried.

Since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)

1.Ihavebeenathomesincethreeo，clockthisafternoon.

2.MariahasbeeninChinasincetwoyearsago.

Severytime,eachtime,nexttime

Everytimeyougetbackatnight,youdropyourbootsonthefloor.

EverytimeIcatchcold,Ihavepaininmyback.

（everytime分寫(xiě)不可以合寫(xiě)）比較everyday（adj）日常的，普通的

everyday是名詞短語(yǔ)，每天，天天

NexttimeIgothere,Iwillvisitthem.

*once一旦…就

Onceyoubegin,youmustgoon.你一開(kāi)了頭，就應(yīng)該繼續(xù)下去。

四、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句用where,wherever引導(dǎo)

Weshouldgowherethepeopleneedus.我們應(yīng)該去人民需要我們的地方。

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。

Wherevertheywent,theyreceivedawormwelcome.

無(wú)論他們走到哪兒都受到熱烈歡迎。

Shefollowhimwhosehegoes.他無(wú)論到哪里她總跟著。

五、原因狀語(yǔ)從句

原因狀語(yǔ)從句用because（因?yàn)椋?，since（既然），as（由于）引導(dǎo)

1、字母由多到少，語(yǔ)氣由強(qiáng)到弱。

2、由why提問(wèn)必須用because回答。

Since,as不回答why的提問(wèn)，而且從句一般放在句首，because一般放在主句之后。

3、beforeof+名詞

Becauseoftherain,wedidn，tgotothepark.

4、because和so不可連用，只能選其一。（另有although,but）

Whydidn，thecometoschool?Becausehewasill.

SinceImustdie,Imust.既然我一定要死，我一定這樣做。

Sincealotofpeoplemakemistakesinlife,MrSmithwantedtogiveJohnaChance.

5、for并列連詞，不能放在句首，主要放在兩個(gè)并列句之間。For所提供的理由為一個(gè)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，

而且前面常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

Thedaysweshort,foritisDecembernow.

*改錯(cuò)Becauseheisillisthereasonwhyhecan，tcome.(Because改為that)

六、目的狀語(yǔ)從句

目的狀語(yǔ)從句用so(常用于口語(yǔ))，that,sothat,inorderthat引導(dǎo)

目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)常含有may,might,can,could,should,would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

1.We'11sitnevertothefrontsowecanhearbetter.

2.Hestudiedhardsothathemightsucceed.他努力學(xué)習(xí)，以便成功。

3.r11speakslowlysothatyoucantakenotes.我慢慢講，以便你們能做筆記。

4.Theyhurriedtothestationinorderthattheycouldcatchthetrain.

他們急忙趕往火車站，以便能趕上火車。

5.ItookataxisothatIcouldgetthereearlier.

6.rmgoingtothelectureearlysothatImaygetagoodseat.

我打算早些去聽(tīng)講座，以便找個(gè)好座位。

七、條件狀語(yǔ)從句

條件狀語(yǔ)從句由if,unless,(so)aslongas(只需)引導(dǎo)

在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)(與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句相同)

Wewillmissthetrainifyoudon，thurry.

Hesaidwewouldmissthetrainifwedidn，thurry.

Youwillfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard,(ifyoudon'tstudyhard)

Hewon，tcomeunlessheisinvited,(ifheisn，tinvited)

Eatlessfoodunlessyouwanttobecomefatter,(ifyoudon，twanttobecomebetter)

Aslongasyouarenotafraidofdifficulties,youaresuretosucceed.

Aslongasyoudon，tloseheart,youwillsucceed.

八、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由such…that,so….that,sothat,that引導(dǎo)

1.such…that的常用句型

such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that

such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that

Such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(不可數(shù)名詞)+that

注意somany(much,few,little)+名詞，suchalotof(或lotsof)+名詞是慣用法，不可亂

用。

Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthatwealllikeher.

Theyweresuchbeautifulflowerthatweboughthome.

Itwassuchdeliciousfoodthattheyateitup.

2.so+形容詞或副詞+that

so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that

Heissorichthathecanbuylotofthingsforhimself.

Heworkssohardthathedideverythingwell.

Itwassohotadaythatweallwentswimming.

Itwassuchagooddaythatweallwentswimming.

3.sothat,that都可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

Hedidn，tstudyhard,(so)thathefailedtheexam.

4.too…to,enough,,?to可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句與so…that替換,so…that結(jié)構(gòu)可以用too…to

替換必須具備兩個(gè)條件，一是主句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)必須一致，二是從句中的謂語(yǔ)部分必須含

有can(could)not.

Sheisyoungthatshecan，tgotoschool.

Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

Sheisn，toldenoughtogotoschool.

九、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

although,though

eventhough=evenif,whether***or

however=nomatterhow

whatever=nomatterwhat

whoever=nomatterwho

whenever=nomatterwhen

wherever=nomatterwhere

"although和though都表示“雖然"只是although更正式，多用于句首，而though用于句中，

二者都可與yet,still連用，但不與but連用

Although/Thoughtheyarepoor,theyoftenhelpothers.

Theyarepoor,buttheyoftenhelpothers.

Althoughhehasfailedmanytimes,hedoesn，tgiveuptrying.

Whatever/Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon5tbelieveyou.

Nomatterwhatyousay,Idon，tcare.

Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustobeytherulesofourschool.

Howeverhardhetried,hefailedagain.

Nomatterwhattheweatherislike,youcanalwaysfindsurfersoutridingthewaves.

十、方式狀語(yǔ)從句

方式狀語(yǔ)從句由as(如同,按照),asif(though)引導(dǎo)

*as和like都有“像”的意思，as是連詞，后面連接句子，like是介詞后面可加名詞、代詞或名

詞性短語(yǔ)。

Ididtheworkasothersdid.相當(dāng)于Ididlikeothers.

YoumustdoasIdo.

asif(though)兩者意義相同，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但實(shí)現(xiàn)可能性較大，則用連接詞。

Itseemsasif/thoughit，sgoingtorain.

Theyaretalkingasif/thoughtheywereoldfriends.

ShetreatsmeasifIwereherbrother.

Whenyouareinhome,doastheRomansdo.

例YoumustdoItoldyou.

A.afterB.beforeC.whereD.as

Thestudentsmustdotheteachertoldthem.

A.asB.beforeC.afterD.if

十一、比較狀語(yǔ)從句

比較狀語(yǔ)從句由as…as,notas(so)?,?as,than,the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)引導(dǎo)

Heswimsaswellasyou.(do)

Hedoesn，tswimaswellasyou.(do)

Hegothereearlierthanyou.(did)

Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.

例題狂學(xué)Bw

一.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Don'tbeafraidofaskingforhelpitisneeded.

A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when

2.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners9curiosityhereachestheendofthestory.

A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.until

3.Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.

A.EventhoughB.UnlessC.AslongasD.while

4.Youwillsucceedintheendyougiveuphalfway.

A.evenifB.asthoughC.aslongasD.unless

5.“Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?^^“Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim______hebecame

oneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.

A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when

6._____Isuggest,healwaysdisagrees.

A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Whoever

7.Youshouldputonthenotices______allthepeoplemayseethem.

A.whereB.inwhichC.atD.forthem

8._____shegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.

A.WhereverB.HoweverC.WhicheverD.Whoever

9.Maryclappedherhandoverhermouthsherealizedwhatshehadsaid.

A.whileB.assoonasC.suddenlyD.then

10.________herfaults,she'sArnold'smother.Don'tbesorudetoher.

A.WhateverB.WhatC.WhicheverD.Whenever

11.____you'regotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.

A.NowthatB.AfterC.AlthoughD.Assoonas

12.1thoughtshewastheverygirlthatIshouldmarry_______Imether.

A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime

13.Don'tplaybytheriver_______youfallinanddrown!

A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderthatD.when

14.Whydoyouwantanewjob____you'vegotsuchagoodonealready?

A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when

15.Heisbetterthan_______Ilastvisitedhim.

A.whenB.thatC.howD.which

練習(xí)狂練停

聊嘴喝

二,完形填空

Thirty-six-year-oldBobBlackisaworkaholic.Heisalwayssittingathisdeskand_21—throughhis

paperwork.Bob___22___wakesupaboutfiveminutesbeforehisalarmclock___23___.Assoonashe

hearsmyalarmclock,hewilljumpoutofhisbed.It_24___himlessthanfifteenminutestowash,get

___25—,havebreakfast,leavehomeandgetonabus.Bobisalwaysthefirstperson_26___theoffice.

Themorningsarealwaysverybusyandtheafternoonsareeven___27—!Meetingsandphonecalls

—28___alargepartoftheday.Everyminuteofthedayis_29___urgentmatters.By_30___eight

o9clock,Bobusuallyfindssometimetodohisownpaperworkand_31___someofhispersonale-mails.

WhenBobgetshomeataboutten,hewilllookatsomedocumentsthathebringsbackfromtheoffice

—32—hecanbereadyforthenext_33___work.Bobgetstobedaroundmidnight_34—hiswifeand

childrenarealready_35__.Bob_36—hastimeforfunandotheractivitieswithhisfamily.Hisfamily

—37___aboutit.Buthetriestoworkhardsothathecan_38—moremoneyforhisfamily._39___,

Bobwillget_40___ifthere9snothingtodo.Helikesbeingbusy.

21.A.workingB.workC.worksD.worked

22.A.unfortunatelyB.friendlyC.normallyD.finally

23.A.switchonB.goesoffC.switchoffD.turnover

24.A.tookB.spendC.spentD.takes

25.A.changeB.changingC.tochangeD.changed

26.A.togettoB.gettoC.getstoD.gettingto

27.A.busyB.relaxingC.busierD.relaxed

28.A.takeoverB.takeupC.takeoffD.takeout

29.A.filledwithB.filledofC.fullwithD.fulledof

30.A.atB.aroundC.fromD.in

31.A.tellB.makeC.callD.answer

32.A.inorderB.inordertoC.sothatD.soasto

33.A.dayB.daysC.days'sD.day's

34.A.whenB.whileC.becauseD.since

35.A.sleepB.asleepC.wakeD.awake

36.A.seldomB.everC.oftenD.few

37.A.complainsB.comesC.talksD.thinks

38.A.payB.makeC.takeD.cost

39.A.BesideB.HoweverC.LuckilyD.Besides

40.A.excitingB.boringC.boredD.excited

三.閱讀理解

Ifwewereaskedexactlywhatweweredoingayearago,weshouldprobablyhavetosaythatwe

couldnotrememberButifwehadkeptabookandhadwritteninitanaccountofwhatwedideachday,

weshouldbeabletogiveananswertothequestion.

ItisthesameinhistoryManythingshavebeenforgottenbecausewedonothaveanywritten

accountofthemSometimesmendidkeeparecordofthemostimportanthappeningsintheircountry,but

oftenitwasdestroyedbyfireorinawar.Sometimestherewasneveranywrittenrecordatallbecausethe

peopleofthattimeandplacedidnotknowhowtoWrite.Forexample,weknowagooddealaboutthe

peoplewholivedinChina4,000yearsago,becausetheycouldwriteandleavewrittenrecordsforthose

wholivedafterthem.Butweknowalmostnothingaboutthepeoplewholivedeven200yearsagoin

centralAfrica,becausetheyhadnotlearnedtowrite.

Sometimes,ofcourse,evenifthepeoplecannotwrite,theymayknowsomethingofthepast.They

haveheardaboutitfromolderpeople,andoftensongsanddancesandstorieshavebeenmadeaboutthe

mostimportanthappenings,andthesehavebeensungandactedandtoldformanygenerationsFormost

peopleareproudtotellwhattheirfathersdidinthepast.Thiswemaycall'rememberedhistory9.Some

ofithasnowbeenwrittendown.Itisnotsoexactorsovaluabletousaswrittenhistoryis,becausewords

aremuchmoreeasilychangedwhenusedagainandagaininspeechthanwhencopiedinwriting.But

wheretherearenowrittenrecords,suchspokenstoriesareoftenveryhelpful.

41.Whichofthefollowingideasisnotsuggestedinthepassage?

A."Rememberedhistory”,comparedwithwrittenhistory,islessreliable

B.Writtenrecordsofthepastplaythemostimportantroleinourlearningofthehumanhistory.

C.AwrittenaccountofourdailyactivitieshelpsUStobeabletoanswermanyquestions.

D?Wheretherearenowrittenrecords.thereisnohistory.

42.WeknowverylittleaboutthecentralAfrica200yearsagobecause__

A.therewasnothingworthbeingwrittendownatthattime

B.thepeoplethereignoredtheimportanceofkeepingarecord

C.thewrittenrecordswereperhapsdestroyedbyafire

D-thepeopletheredidnotknowhowtowrite

43."Rememberedhistory^refersto__.

A.historybasedonaperson'simagination

B.storiesofimportanthappeningspasseddownfrommouthtomouth

C.songsanddancesaboutthemostimportantevents

D.bothBandC

44."Rememberedhistory^isregardedasvaluableonlywhen.

A.itiswrittendownB.nowrittenaccountisavailable

C?itprovestobetimeD.peopleareinterestedinit

45.Thepassagesuggeststhatwecouldhavelearnedmuchmoreaboutourpastthanwe

donowiftheancientpeoplehad

A.keptawrittenrecordofeverypasteventB.notburnttheirwrittenrecordsinwars

C.toldexactstoriesofthemostimportanthappeningsD.mademoresongsanddances

Treesareusefultomaninthreeveryimportantways：theyprovidehimwoodandotherproducts；they

givehimshade；andtheyhelptopreventdrought（干旱）andfloods.

Unfortunately,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseservicesisthe

mostimportant.Inhiseagernesstodrawquickprofitfromthetrees,hehascutthemdowninlarge

numbers

Twothousandyearsago,arichandpowerfulcountrycutdownitstreestobuildwarships,withwhich

togainitselfanempireItgainedtheempirebut,withoutitstrees,itssoilbecamebareandpoor.Whenthe

empirefelltopieces,thecountryfounditselffacedbyfloodsandstarvation.

Evenwhereagovernmentrealizestheimportanceofaplentifulsupplyoftrees,itisdifficult

sometimestomakethepeoplerealizethis.Theycutdownthetreesbutaretoocarelesstoplantandlook

afternewtreesSo,unlessthegovernmenthasagoodsystemofcontrol,orcaneducatethepeople,the

forestsslowlydisappear

Thisdoesnotonlymeanthattherewillbefewertrees.Theresultsareevenmoreserious：forwhere

therearetrees,theirrootsbreakthesoilup,allowingtheraintosinkin,andalsobindthesoil.This

preventsthesoilfrombeingwashedaway.Butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundand

flowsawayonthesurface,andthiscausesfloodsandtheraincarriesawaytherichtopsoilinwhichcrops

growWhenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingremainsbutworthlessdesert.

41.Treesareusefultomanmainlyinthreeways,themostimportantofwhichisthattheycan

A.keephimfromthehotsunshineB.enablehimtobuildwarships

C.makehimdrawquickprofitfromthemD.protecthimfromdroughtsandfloods

42.It'sagreatpitythat

A.manisonlyinterestedinbuildingempiresB.maniseagertoprofitfromtrees

C-manhasn'trealiz