2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解

2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)精準(zhǔn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)

閱讀理解閱讀理解不要認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)閱讀差是由于不懂原文。英語(yǔ)閱讀考查的是基本邏輯思維能力。常識(shí)在英語(yǔ)閱讀中也能幫助我們解題閱讀理解仔細(xì)閱讀最重要的三項(xiàng)能力：1提取信息—在文章中迅速而有效地找到每道題目的題干所針對(duì)的部分這些部分能夠幫助我們提取信息：（1）轉(zhuǎn)折（2）比較（3）因果（4）關(guān)鍵詞2整合信息—整理合并信息根據(jù)不同的題型來(lái)對(duì)信息進(jìn)行整合常見(jiàn)的題型有：（1）細(xì)節(jié)題（2）詞意題（3）態(tài)度題（4）主旨題文章或某一段的主旨（5）推理題（6）例證題說(shuō)明，論證了什么

（7）實(shí)驗(yàn)題

實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的，結(jié)果3邏輯比較—把題干與原文的關(guān)系弄閱讀理解解題的主要步驟：1掃描題干關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞的基本要求：名詞

專有名詞最有可能成為關(guān)鍵詞2瀏覽原文做標(biāo)記3邏輯比較得答案

閱讀理解考點(diǎn)：1轉(zhuǎn)折比較處轉(zhuǎn)折句或者是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系常常是文章內(nèi)容的強(qiáng)調(diào)處，是作者表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)或者是陳述事物的關(guān)鍵地方。一般而言，轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容是語(yǔ)義的重點(diǎn)，因?yàn)檗D(zhuǎn)折后面的內(nèi)容是作者的真實(shí)意圖所在，所以命題者常常對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)折處的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。轉(zhuǎn)折一般通過(guò)however，but,yet,infact等詞或短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：AlthoughastrongpoundandweakmarketsinAsiaplayaroleinthedownsizing,thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshakingsocialshifts.AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany“hasbeensomewhatslowincatchingupwiththetrend”"towardcasualdining.Familieseattogetherlessoften,heexplained,andmorepeopleeatalone,eitherbecausetheyaresingleortheyeatinfrontoftelevision.閱讀理解（深度閱讀）34.Themaincauseofthelayoffsinthepotteryindustryis_______.A)theincreasedvalueofthepoundB)theeconomicrecessioninAsiaC)thechangeinpeople’swayoflifeD)thefiercecompetitionathomeandabroad閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：AlthoughastrongpoundandweakmarketsinAsiaplayaroleinthedownsizing,thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshakingsocialshifts.AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany“hasbeensomewhatslowincatchingupwiththetrend”"towardcasualdining.Familieseattogetherlessoften,heexplained,andmorepeopleeatalone,eitherbecausetheyaresingleortheyeatinfrontoftelevision.閱讀理解（深度閱讀）開(kāi)頭第一句話涵蓋了很多信息。AlthoughastrongpoundandweakmarketsinAsiaplayaroleinthedownsizing,thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshakingsocialshifts雖然英鎊強(qiáng)勢(shì)和亞洲市場(chǎng)萎靡是規(guī)?？s水的一個(gè)原因，但裁員的根源還在于劇烈的社會(huì)變遷。閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Although

astrongpoundandweakmarketsinAsiaplayaroleinthedownsizing,thelayoffsinStokehavetheirrootsinearthshakingsocialshifts.AspokesmanforRoyalDoultonadmittedthatthecompany“hasbeensomewhatslowincatchingupwiththetrend”"towardcasualdining.Familieseattogetherlessoften,heexplained,andmorepeopleeatalone,eitherbecausetheyaresingleortheyeatinfrontoftelevision.閱讀理解（深度閱讀）34.Themaincauseofthelayoffsinthepotteryindustryis_______.A)theincreasedvalueofthepoundB)theeconomicrecessioninAsiaC)thechangeinpeople’swayoflifeD)thefiercecompetitionathomeandabroad閱讀理解（深度閱讀）考點(diǎn)：2舉例處句中常用as,suchas,forexample,forinstance,take…asanexample等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或句子作為例證。閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.Forinstance,thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth（夸大事實(shí),言過(guò)其實(shí)）.Butgivenhisresults,workassessment,wherehonestyisapriority,mightbebestdoneusingemail.這是一篇講述交流途徑與說(shuō)謊頻度的關(guān)系的文章。閱讀理解（深度閱讀）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____honestyshouldbeencouragedininterpersonalcommunicationsmoreemployerswilluseemailstocommunicatewiththeiremployersSuitablemediashouldbechosenfordifferentcommunicationpurposesEmailisnowthedominantmediumofcommunicationwithinacompany閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.Forinstance,

thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth（夸大事實(shí),言過(guò)其實(shí)）.Butgivenhisresults,workassessment,wherehonestyisapriority,mightbebestdoneusingemail.A.在人際交流中應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)誠(chéng)實(shí)。從最后一段來(lái)看，作者鼓勵(lì)在銷售時(shí)使用電話以便更能夸大其詞，由此可以看出作者是不看中誠(chéng)實(shí)與否的問(wèn)題的。閱讀理解（深度閱讀）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____honestyshouldbeencouragedininterpersonalcommunicationsmoreemployerswilluseemailstocommunicatewiththeiremployersSuitablemediashouldbechosenfordifferentcommunicationpurposesEmailisnowthedominantmediumofcommunicationwithinacompany×

閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.Forinstance,thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth（夸大事實(shí),言過(guò)其實(shí)）.Butgivenhisresults,workassessment,wherehonestyisapriority,mightbebestdoneusingemail.B更多雇主會(huì)使用電子郵件與員工交流。最后一段Hancock舉的第二個(gè)例子是鼓勵(lì)人們使用電子郵件的.但這一建議不是要求雇主們使用電子郵件，而是要求雇員們使用。閱讀理解（深度閱讀）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____honestyshouldbeencouragedininterpersonalcommunicationsmoreemployerswilluseemailstocommunicatewiththeiremployersSuitablemediashouldbechosenfordifferentcommunicationpurposesEmailisnowthedominantmediumofcommunicationwithinacompany×

×

閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.Forinstance,

thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth（夸大事實(shí),言過(guò)其實(shí)）.Butgivenhisresults,workassessment,wherehonestyisapriority,mightbebestdoneusingemail.C，應(yīng)針對(duì)不同的交流目的，采取合適的媒介。文章最后舉了情況不同的兩個(gè)例子，每個(gè)例子適宜使用的媒介也不同。這說(shuō)明在特定情況下，應(yīng)選用特定的交流媒介，與C的說(shuō)法一致。

閱讀理解（深度閱讀）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____honestyshouldbeencouragedininterpersonalcommunicationsmoreemployerswilluseemailstocommunicatewiththeiremployersSuitablemediashouldbechosenfordifferentcommunicationpurposesEmailisnowthedominantmediumofcommunicationwithinacompany×

×

√閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Hancockhopeshisresearchwillhelpcompaniesworkoutthebestwaysfortheiremployeestocommunicate.Forinstance,

thephonemightbethebestmediumforsaleswhereemployeesareencouragedtostretchthetruth（夸大事實(shí),言過(guò)其實(shí)）.Butgivenhisresults,workassessment,wherehonestyisapriority,mightbebestdoneusingemail.D，電子郵件目前是公司內(nèi)主要交流媒介。文中沒(méi)有提到這一點(diǎn)。

閱讀理解（深度閱讀）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat____honestyshouldbeencouragedininterpersonalcommunicationsmoreemployerswilluseemailstocommunicatewiththeiremployersSuitablemediashouldbechosenfordifferentcommunicationpurposesEmailisnowthedominantmediumofcommunicationwithinacompany×

×

√×

閱讀理解（深度閱讀）3因果關(guān)系處給出原因推斷結(jié)果，或給出結(jié)果推斷原因例：Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I’muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.閱讀理解（深度閱讀）Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause______.A)itgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromisesB)itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguiltyC)itisvagueandineffectiveD)itishurtfulandinsulting閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology★①=whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificact★②=andwhichthepersonshouldpromisenevertodoagain☆①=thatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting☆②=Whoisapologizing閱讀理解（深度閱讀）分解為以下幾個(gè)句子：1.Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology然后就有了一種一般意義的、無(wú)所不包的道歉2.Whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificact這種道歉避免了一種指明特別行為的必要性3.Thatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting3特別是讓人傷心或者令人委屈的行為4.Andwhichtheperson這種道歉使得人們5.Whoisapologizing.道歉的人們6.Shouldpromisenevertodoagain承諾以后不再犯類似的行為閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.

然后還有一種泛泛的無(wú)所不包的道歉，這種道歉避免了一種指明特別讓人傷心、特別令人委屈的、道歉者應(yīng)該保證以后不會(huì)再犯的具體行為。閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I’muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.說(shuō)“作為父親我真沒(méi)有用”是不能對(duì)孩子形成具體的指導(dǎo)。閱讀理解（深度閱讀）Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause______.A)itgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromisesB)itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguiltyC)itisvagueandineffectiveD)itishurtfulandinsulting閱讀理解（深度閱讀）4主題句處文章或段落的主旨常以主題句的形式出現(xiàn)，一般位于篇章的開(kāi)頭或篇末注意事項(xiàng)：1）

看似合理的選項(xiàng)不是答案，看似不合理的選項(xiàng)是答案閱讀理解（深度閱讀）例：Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.).Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.Resultswereimpressive.TheEmpireBuilder,whichwasfocusedoninonead,enjoyeda15percentincreaseinprofitsonitsChicagotoSeattleroute.閱讀理解Accordingtothepassage,theEmpireBuilderenjoyedanincreaseinridershipandprofitsbecause___________.A)theattractivenessofitsnameandroutewaseffectivelyadvertisedB)itprovidedanexcitingtravelexperienceC)itspassengerscouldenjoythegreatwesternoutdoorsD)itwaswidelyadvertisedinnewspapersandmagazinesinChicagoandSeattle閱讀理解2）照抄原文的不是答案，和原文作同義替換的選項(xiàng)是答案最難兩類體裁：說(shuō)明文：經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)數(shù)字議論文：重點(diǎn)在論點(diǎn)記敘文含義與形式日記游記010203記敘文是以記人敘事為主要內(nèi)容的寫(xiě)作文體。敘述的事件、人物既可以是真實(shí)的也可以是虛構(gòu)的。記敘文的范圍很廣，它可以包括：新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)人物傳記人物軼事通訊小說(shuō)Para.1導(dǎo)語(yǔ):新聞精髓，即新聞信息,以激發(fā)讀者閱讀的興趣。正文:人物或核心事件展開(kāi)進(jìn)行解釋和補(bǔ)充，通常采用事實(shí)、觀點(diǎn)、引語(yǔ)等各種消息來(lái)源來(lái)支持主題。結(jié)語(yǔ):總結(jié)概括，落腳點(diǎn)往往在文章的主題上，和導(dǎo)語(yǔ)形成呼應(yīng)，重申主題或者升華主題。新聞報(bào)道的語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)記敘文的寫(xiě)作意圖講述故事(tell/narrate/relateastory)分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)(shaeanexperience)紀(jì)念人物(rememberaperson)闡明道理(communicateanidea/conveyamessage)01020304內(nèi)容記敘文應(yīng)該包括六要素，即：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果?？梢园词录l(fā)生的時(shí)間順序?qū)?，也可以按事件發(fā)生的先后寫(xiě)。形式順敘、倒敘、插敘。語(yǔ)言一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主，各種時(shí)態(tài)為輔，合理使用豐富多彩的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)記敘文首要的語(yǔ)言特征；多用動(dòng)詞，尤其是動(dòng)態(tài)強(qiáng)的行為動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)記敘文又一個(gè)明顯的語(yǔ)言特征。命題主要集中在多個(gè)事件的先后順序與人物的情感態(tài)度上。返回題型分析策略指導(dǎo)技法解讀弄清六要素何人、何時(shí)、何地，因何原因做了何事，結(jié)果如何，有何啟示或感想。弄清寫(xiě)作目的證明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)；贊美某種美德；譴責(zé)某種罪惡；提供娛樂(lè)。關(guān)注開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾把握事情的動(dòng)向，尾段經(jīng)常是主題的升華所在。關(guān)注情感主線分析事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，弄清人物關(guān)系，透析文章的情感主線。記敘文命題特點(diǎn)命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關(guān)系、作者的意圖和態(tài)度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學(xué)生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的辨認(rèn)能力以及推理判斷能力。點(diǎn)擊輸入標(biāo)題點(diǎn)擊輸入相關(guān)標(biāo)題。點(diǎn)擊輸入標(biāo)題點(diǎn)擊輸入相關(guān)標(biāo)題。點(diǎn)擊輸入標(biāo)題。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題考查對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句子的理解能力。要求回答what,why等信息。用到的能力有理解和語(yǔ)義復(fù)現(xiàn)。2.分析判斷題考查考生理解文本特定義群的引申含義的能力。要求回答what…knowabout…等信息。用到的能力有分析和判斷。3.猜測(cè)詞義題考查根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)詞義的能力。猜測(cè)對(duì)象有代詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞或短語(yǔ)。用到的能力有猜測(cè)和合理推斷。

4.主旨概括題考查根據(jù)主題語(yǔ)境來(lái)概括文章主旨或標(biāo)題的能力。要用到的能力有分析和概括?？键c(diǎn)細(xì)分說(shuō)明文考點(diǎn)分析Longpassages,newwords,logicalandcomplicatedsentencesaswellasnewtopics.有的文章話題陌生且篇幅長(zhǎng)、生詞多、邏輯性強(qiáng)、長(zhǎng)難句多。professional

專業(yè)性Reflectfeatures,natureandrulesobjectively.如實(shí)反映客觀事物的特征、本質(zhì)和規(guī)律。objective客觀性Describeinorderoftime,spaceandlogic.按時(shí)間、空間和邏輯順序說(shuō)明事物。organized

條理性壹貳叁features特點(diǎn)新事物新發(fā)明調(diào)查研究普通事物說(shuō)明對(duì)象研究報(bào)告類說(shuō)明文總分研究結(jié)果研究對(duì)象，研究方法，研究目的研究過(guò)程研究結(jié)果分析研究細(xì)節(jié)總研究結(jié)果/意義/評(píng)價(jià)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)類文本主題詞群/句型積累MainideasTypical

words/sentencesFindingA

study/research

suggests/shows/concludedthat…;According

to

a

study…;Researchers/scientistsdiscovered/foundthat…Test/Study(subject;

method;

proc