電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯 課件 3-Characteristics of Most Power Systems

電力專業(yè)英語(3)CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems參考教材：朱永強(qiáng).電力專業(yè)英語閱讀與翻譯.機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2024-06CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems1.Waterreleasedfromthereservoirflowsthroughaturbine,spinningit,whichinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity.嘗試翻譯1.Waterreleasedfromthereservoirflowsthroughaturbine,spinningit,whichinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity.生詞n.

水庫，蓄水池reservoirv.

使快速旋轉(zhuǎn)，扭轉(zhuǎn)spin

翻譯從水庫釋放的水流過渦輪機(jī)，使其高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，隨后帶動發(fā)電機(jī)產(chǎn)生電能。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明句中it代指turbine。whichinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity也是turbine的定語。在翻譯時可以按照句子順序翻譯，注意各部分的相互關(guān)系就可以了。為了便于理解，這個句子可以拆解為：Waterreleasedfromthereservoirflowsthroughaturbine;waterspinstheturbine;theturbineinturnactivatesageneratortoproduceelectricity.CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems2.Suchahydropowerinstallationconsistsofdams,waterways,andconduitsthatformareservoirandchannelthewatertowardtheturbines.嘗試翻譯2.Suchahydropowerinstallationconsistsofdams,waterways,andconduitsthatformareservoirandchannelthewatertowardtheturbines.生詞n.管道，導(dǎo)管；溝渠；泉水，噴泉conduit翻譯這種水力發(fā)電裝置由水壩、水路和引水渠組成，這些形成水庫并將水引到渦輪機(jī)。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明詞組consistof表示“由…構(gòu)成，包括…”，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾的主體是dams,waterways,andconduits。為了便于理解，這個句子可以拆解為：Suchahydropowerinstallationconsistsofdams,waterways,andconduits;dams,waterways,andconduitsformareservoirandchannelthewatertowardtheturbines.CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems3.Reservoirscancompensateforthereducedprecipitationduringdryseasonsandfortheabnormalflowsthataccompanyheavyrainsandmeltingsnow.嘗試翻譯3.Reservoirscancompensateforthereducedprecipitationduringdryseasonsandfortheabnormalflowsthataccompanyheavyrainsandmeltingsnow.生詞n.降水，降水量；沉淀；倉促precipitationv.

伴隨；陪伴；與······同時發(fā)生accompany

翻譯水庫可以補(bǔ)償旱季減少的降水量以及伴隨暴雨和融雪發(fā)生的異常水流。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明duringdryseasons是thereducedprecipitation的定語，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾的主體是theabnormalflows。句子謂語compensatefor帶的賓語有兩個，一是thereducedprecipitation，一是theabnormalflows。為了便于理解，這個句子可以拆解為：Reservoirscancompensateforthereducedprecipitationduringdryseasons;andReservoirscancompensatefortheabnormalflows;theabnormalflowsaccompanyheavyrainsandmeltingsnow.CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems4.The"head"referstothedifferenceofelevationbetweentheupperreservoirabovetheturbineandthetailraceofdischargepointjustbelowtheturbine.嘗試翻譯4.The"head"referstothedifferenceofelevationbetweentheupperreservoirabovetheturbineandthetailraceofdischargepointjustbelowtheturbine.生詞n.海拔；仰角；提高；正面圖elevationn.(水輪，渦輪的)放水路tailrace

翻譯“水頭”指的是輪機(jī)上方的上游水庫與輪機(jī)下方的排水地點之間的海拔高度的差別（落差）。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明這個句子結(jié)構(gòu)并不復(fù)雜，但是涉及很多專業(yè)詞匯，翻譯時要注意。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems5.Ahugeboiler(1)actsasafurnace,transferringheatfromtheburningfueltorowuponrowofwatertubesS1,whichentirelysurroundtheflames.嘗試翻譯5.Ahugeboiler(1)actsasafurnace,transferringheatfromtheburningfueltorowuponrowofwatertubesS1,whichentirelysurroundtheflames.生詞n.汽鍋，鍋爐boilern.爐子，熔爐furnace

翻譯一個巨大的汽鍋（1）作為火爐，將燃料燃燒的熱量傳遞給完全被火焰包圍的成排的水管S1。flamen.火焰CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明有兩個現(xiàn)成的詞組，一是rowup，表示“使成排”；一是rowoftubes，表示“管排，成排的管子”。在這里rowuponrowof應(yīng)該理解為“一排排的，成排的”，注意不要混淆。由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾S1。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems6.Byusinganappropriategeometricaldistributionoftheuraniumfuelwithinthemoderator,thespeedoftheneutronscanbereducedsotheyhavetherequiredvelocitytoinitiateotherfusions.嘗試翻譯6.Byusinganappropriategeometricaldistributionoftheuraniumfuelwithinthemoderator,thespeedoftheneutronscanbereducedsotheyhavetherequiredvelocitytoinitiateotherfusions.生詞n.(原子反應(yīng)堆的)減速劑，慢化劑moderatorn.中子neutronvelocityn.速度fusionn.合成；聚變，核合成CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems說明逗號前面的內(nèi)容如果直譯很拗口，需要按照中文的表述習(xí)慣對語序作適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。翻譯通過鈾燃料在緩和劑中采用適當(dāng)?shù)膸缀畏植?，中子的速度可以降低到其他合成的啟動速度。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems7.Onlythenwillachainreactiontakeplace,causingthereactortogocritical.嘗試翻譯7.Onlythenwillachainreactiontakeplace,causingthereactortogocritical.生詞adj.關(guān)鍵的；批評的；嚴(yán)重的critical翻譯只有這樣，才會發(fā)生連鎖反應(yīng)，使反應(yīng)堆變成臨界[極限]狀態(tài)。說明這是一個倒裝句。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems8.Tokeepitatanacceptablelevel,aliquidorgashastoflowrapidlythroughthemachinefortocarryawaytheheat.嘗試翻譯8.Tokeepitatanacceptablelevel,aliquidorgashastoflowrapidlythroughthemachinefortocarryawaytheheat.翻譯為使其保持在可以接受的水平，必須有液體或氣體迅速流過電機(jī)將熱量帶走。說明值得注意的是for后面用了動詞不定式。CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems9.Thus,contrarytowhatitsnamewouldleadustobelieve,thecoolantisnotcoolbutsearinglyhot.嘗試翻譯9.Thus,contrarytowhatitsnamewouldleadustobelieve,thecoolantisnotcoolbutsearinglyhot.生詞n.冷凍劑，冷卻液，散熱劑coolant翻譯因而，與其名稱要使我們相信的內(nèi)容恰恰相反，冷卻劑不是涼的而是相當(dāng)灼熱的。說明would是虛擬語態(tài)用詞，并不代表過去時態(tài)。searinglyadj.灼熱，燙人地CharacteristicsofMostPowerSystems10.Wehaveseenthatsplittingthenucleus,orcallednuclearfission,ofaheavyelementsuchasuraniumresultsinadecreaseinmassandareleaseofenergy.嘗試翻譯10.Wehaveseenthatsplittingthenucleus,orcallednuclearfission,ofaheavyelementsuchasuraniumresultsinadecreaseinmassandareleaseofenergy.生詞n./v.

(使)