高中英語(yǔ)新人教版Unit2moralsandvirtuesgrammar課件

Unit2moralsandvirtuesDiscoveringUsefulStructures動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)【觀察思考】?Isawthethiefgettingonthetrain.我看見(jiàn)那賊正在上火車。?Isawthethiefgetonthetrainandthenhedisappeared.我看見(jiàn)那賊上了火車,然后消失了。?Don’thavethestudentsstudyingallday.不要讓學(xué)生整天學(xué)習(xí)?！咎骄靠偨Y(jié)】(1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式位于感官動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的感官動(dòng)詞有:_______、hear、feel、smell、notice、lookat、listento等。感官動(dòng)詞之后既可跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),又可跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),其區(qū)別是:

動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作_________,是動(dòng)作的部分過(guò)程;不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的__________,暗示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。

see正在進(jìn)行全過(guò)程(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式位于動(dòng)詞________、get、keep等之后,側(cè)重表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。

【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。①Ifacookisfound________(smoke)inthekitchen,hewillbefired.

②Iwon’thaveyou__________(run)aboutintheroom.

③Wesawtheteacher_________(do)theexperiment.

④Attheairport,amandressedinablacksuitwascaught_______(spit)onthecleanfloor.

have答案:①smoking②running③doing④spitting二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)的具體用法【觀察思考】?Hearingthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.(作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))=Whenheheardthenews,hecouldn’thelplaughing.聽(tīng)到那個(gè)消息,他忍不住大笑起來(lái)。?Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.(作原因狀語(yǔ))=Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.因?yàn)楦F,他買不起電視機(jī)。?Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed.(作條件狀語(yǔ))=Ifyouworkhard,you’llsurelysucceed.如果努力工作,你就一定會(huì)成功。?Knowingthewholething,theystillmademepayforthedamage.(作讓步狀語(yǔ))=Thoughtheyknewthewholething,theystillmademepayforthedamage.盡管他們知道整件事情的經(jīng)過(guò),卻還讓我賠償損失。?Theboysatinfrontofthefarmhouse,cuttingthebranch.(作伴隨狀語(yǔ))=Theboysatinfrontofthefarmhouse,andhecutthebranch.那個(gè)男孩坐在農(nóng)舍前砍樹(shù)枝。?Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.(作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ))=Thechildslippedandfell,andhehithisheadagainstthedoor.那男孩滑了一跤,頭撞到了門上。?Notknowinghistelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.因?yàn)椴恢辣葼柕碾娫捥?hào)碼,她和他聯(lián)系遇到了困難。?Whenvisitingastrangecity,Iliketohaveaguidebookwithme.游覽陌生城市時(shí),我喜歡隨身帶著旅游手冊(cè)。【探究總結(jié)】(1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子,常表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、方式或表示伴隨、讓步等,并可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句或并列句。(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),其邏輯主語(yǔ)一般是句子的主語(yǔ)。(3)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的否定式是在其前加not。(4)動(dòng)詞-ing形式前可加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞,如when、while、whenever、if、though、unless等強(qiáng)調(diào)前后動(dòng)作的同時(shí)性或使動(dòng)詞-ing形式表達(dá)的含義更加明確。

動(dòng)詞-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示自然的結(jié)果;動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示意料之外的結(jié)果,常和only連用?！緫?yīng)用實(shí)踐】(1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。①

(see)thepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.②

(ill),hecouldn’tgotoschool.③

(work)hard,you’llmakegreatprogressinEnglish.④Hisparentsdied,

(leave)himanorphan.⑤Hecame

(run)backtotellmethenews.⑥Shewalkedalongthestreet,

(sing)softlytoherself.⑦

(work)veryhard,hedidn’tfeelabittired.(2)完成句子。①Becareful________________(當(dāng)穿過(guò))theroad.

②________________________(盡管缺錢),hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.

③Herantotheticketoffice,_____________________________(卻被告知)alltheticketshadbeensoldout.

④Onewomanwaslyinginbed,awake,______________(傾聽(tīng))therushingwind.

答案:(1)①Seeing②Beingill③Working④leaving⑤running⑥singing⑦Working(2)①whilecrossing②Though/Althoughlackingmoney③onlytobetold④listeningto2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)【觀察思考】

?Readingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.看書(shū)時(shí),他不時(shí)地點(diǎn)著頭。?Havingfinishedallhishomework,hewentouttoplay.完成所有作業(yè)之后,他就出去玩了。?Beingsurrounded,theenemywasforcedtogivein.由于被包圍著,敵人被迫投降。?Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.盡管被告知了很多次,他還是沒(méi)把這些規(guī)定記住。【探究總結(jié)】(1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式doing表示其動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作_______進(jìn)行或者在主句的動(dòng)作_________發(fā)生;完成式_________的動(dòng)作是________主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。

(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)式表示動(dòng)作與主句的主語(yǔ)(分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ))是

關(guān)系。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間,被動(dòng)式有一般被動(dòng)式

(表示動(dòng)作

)和完成被動(dòng)式_

(表示動(dòng)作

)。答案:

(1)同時(shí);之后;havingdone;先于(2)被動(dòng);beingdone;正在被進(jìn)行;havingbeendone;已經(jīng)被完成【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。①

(finish)thework,hewenttoseehisteacher.②

(stare)atbystrangers,hefeelsembarrassed(尷尬的).③

(translate)intomanylanguages,thebookbecamefamousallovertheworld.答案:

①Havingfinished②Beingstared③Havingbeentranslated3.動(dòng)詞-ing形式的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)【觀察思考】

?Therainhavingstopped,wewentonmarching.雨過(guò)之后,我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。?Generallyspeaking,boyslikeplayingwithballswhilegirlslikeplayingwithdolls.一般說(shuō)來(lái),男孩喜歡玩球,而女孩喜歡玩娃娃。【探究總結(jié)】(1)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ),有時(shí)可以有自己獨(dú)立的_________,這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為_(kāi)_________,通常用來(lái)表示伴隨的動(dòng)作或情況,也可以表示時(shí)間、原因或條件等。

(2)有些動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)