拉薩市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)新高考英語(yǔ)必刷試卷及答案解析

拉薩市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)新高考英語(yǔ)必刷試卷請(qǐng)考生注意：1．請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，請(qǐng)用0．5毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應(yīng)的答題區(qū)內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無(wú)效。2．答題前，認(rèn)真閱讀答題紙上的《注意事項(xiàng)》，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Inthepastfewyears,we’veseenworksbyChinesesci-fiwriterswinninginternational______.A．conclusion B．standardC．potential D．recognition2．WhenThanksgivingDayisthecorner,storesandsupermarketsarebusywithpeople.A．a(chǎn)round B．on C．with D．a(chǎn)t3．Theroomissoclean.He________havecleanedityesterdayevening.A．will B．needC．can D．must4．________youhaveseenheispoor,youshouldunderstandwhyhehastotakeuptwopart-timejobs.A．Aslongas B．UnlessC．Nowthat D．While5．TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisnecessaryforlearningEnglish,soyou'dbetterbuy___.A．this B．that C．it D．one6．Sometourists’visitingTian’anmenSquareduringtheholidaylefta__________oflittereverywheretheywent.A．trail B．dotC．chain D．track7．---Themanagerofthefactorywantstoimproveproductionagreatdeal,buthedoesn’tspendmuchontechnology.---Iamafraidhewon’trealizehisdream.Youknow________.A．youcan’teatyourcakeandhaveit B．emptyvesselsmakethegreatestsoundC．enoughisasgoodasafeast D．twoheadsarebetterthanone8．Heusedtostudyinavillageschool,______wasrebuilttwoyearsago.A．which B．thatC．where D．whose9．—Juliasaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?—Oh,really!Ihaven’t________mymailboxyet.A．examined B．reviewed.C．tested D．checked10．Shewassuchaproudpersonthatshewoulddieshewouldadmitshewaswrong.A．sinceB．whenC．unlessD．before11．Rightnow,lotsofpeoplesearchforproductsontheInternetbutstillbuythematstores.Internetshoppingwillreally____whenpeoplearesurethatitissafe.A．setup B．setoff C．takeoff D．takeup12．Eversincethenewparkwasopenedtothepubliclastmonth,I______awalkiniteverymorning.A．a(chǎn)mtaking B．takeC．havetaken D．havebeentaking13．----Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek？---Thetrees_____________well，butIdidn'twaterthem.A．mightgrow B．needn'thavegrownC．wouldgrow D．wouldhavegrown14．Wearesotired.______wecouldtakethedayofftomorrow!A．OnlyifB．WhatifC．IfonlyD．Ifso15．Thelittleboystaredatthestrangemanquestioningly,not________whethertobelievewhathehadsaid.A．toknow B．knowingC．known D．havingknown16．—Let’sgoandhavedinnerthisevening.—_____.Haveyoucomeoutfirstintheexam?A．Thanksalot.B．Whynot?C．Whatfor?D．Yes,I’dliketo.17．Hedoesn'tspendanymoremoneyonclothingthanIdo,but________hemanagestolooksostylish.A．therefore B．somehowC．furthermore D．otherwise18．______youaresupposedtodo______youdon'tlikeathingis______it.Don'tcomplain.A．That;what;change B．When;that;tochangeC．What;when;change D．What;that;changing19．_____thelawyers,volunteersfromtheLibyanRedCrossSocietyalsojoinedtheeffortsinhelpingtheChinesegohomesafely.A．Exceptfor B．Inspiteof C．Apartfrom D．Insteadof20．Thewidespreadofsuperhybridricearoundtheworld______thelivesofmillionsandmillionsofpeoplesufferingfromhungertoagreatlevel.A．hasimproved B．isimproving C．improved D．hasbeenimproving第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）It'srarethatyouseethewords"shyness"and"leader"inthesamesentence.Afterall,thecommonviewpointisthatthoseoutgoingandsociableguysmakegreatpublicspeakersandexcellentnet-workersandthatthoseshypeoplearenot.AsurveyconductedbyUSATodayreferredto65percentofexecutiveswhobelievedshynesstobeabarriertoleadership.Interestingly,thesamearticlestressesthatroughly3percentofleadersactuallyarequiteshy—they'rejustbetteratadaptingthemselvestosituationaldemands.BillGates,WarrenBuffetandCharlesSchwabarejustafew"innies".Unliketheiroutgoingcounterpartswhoaremoresensitivetorewardsandrisk-taking,shypeopletakeacautiousapproachtochance.Ratherthantheflashychit-chatthatdefinessocialgathering,shypeoplelistenattentivelytowhatotherssayandabsorbitbeforetheyspeak.They'renotthinkingaboutwhattosaywhiletheotherpersonisstilltalking,butratherlisteningsotheycanlearnwhattosay.Alongthesamelines,shypeopleshareacommonloveoflearning.Theyareintrinsically（內(nèi)在地）motivatedandthereforeseekcontentregardlessofachievinganoutsidestandard.Beingshycanalsobringotherbenefits.Rememberbeinginschoolandhearingthesamekidscontribute,untilshylittleJohnny,whoalmostneversaidaword,cutin?Thenwhathappened?EveryoneturnedaroundtolookwithgreatrespectatlittleJohnnyactuallytalking.Thisishowshypeoplemadegooduseoftheirpowerofpresence：they"own"themomentbyspeakingcalmlyandpurposefully,whichtranslatetoapositiveimage.Shynessisoftenrelatedtomodesty.Nottosaythatlimelight-seekersaren'tmodest,butshypeopletendtohaveanaccuratesenseoftheirabilitiesandachievements.Asaresult,theyareabletoacknowledgemistakes,imperfections,knowledgegapsandlimitations.Sinceshypeoplehavealowersensitivitytooutsiderewardsthanoutgoingones,they'remorecomfortableworkingwithlittleinformationandstickingtotheirinnerdesires.Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfindingsolutionsthataren'tprimarilyapparent.Don'tbelieveme?Maybeyou'llbelieveAlbertEinstein,whooncesaid,"It'snotthatI'msosmart,it'sthatIstaywithproblemslonger."Obviously,findingcertaintywhereuncertaintyistypicallypopularisahugeplusforanysuccessfulperson.Themyththatshypeoplearelesseffectiveleadersthantheiroutgoingfellowsisjustamisunderstanding.Makewiseuseofyourpersonalitystrengthstoleadyourbusinessnomatterwhatsideoftherangeyoufallon.1、WecanlearnfromParagraph2that___________.A．shypeoplearesensitivetorewardsB．shypeoplecaremoreaboutcontentC．outgoingpeoplearemorecarefulaboutchancesD．outgoingpeopleconsiderwhattolearnwhilelistening2、TheexampleofJohnnyshows____________.A．shypeoplearelikelytobemodestB．hardworkingstudentsspeaklittleinpublicC．somestudentskeepsilentonpurposeatschoolD．shypeoplemayhaveanadvantageindiscussion3、WecanlearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5that____________.A．successresultsfromdevotion B．shynesscontributestopopularityC．outsiderewardleadstoinsistence D．uncertaintycountsmorethancertainty4、Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby____________.A．givingdefinitionsandpresentingresearchresultsB．explainingproblemsandprovidingsolutionsC．quotingauthoritiesandmakingevaluationsD．makingcontrastsandgivingexamples22．（8分）Astheweathercostsyoualossontrainsandflights,welookatyourrights.CancelledtrainsOnasingleticket,apassengerwillusuallyreceive25%ofthefareifthetrainisdelayedby15minutes.Ifthedelayreaches30minutes,thecompensation（補(bǔ)償金）risesto50%,andifit’soveranhouryoushouldbeabletoreclaimthewholecost.Cleararrangementsvaryaccordingtotrainoperators（運(yùn)營(yíng)商）.Ifyouwereduetotravel,tosayAberdeenfromLondon,yourtrainiscancelledandyoudecidenottotravel,youcangetafullcompensation.Ifyouhadanon-cancelableticketwithoneoperator,andfailedtomakethattrainbecausetheconnectingtrainwasdelayed,youcantakethenextavailabletrain.FlightsIfyourflightiscancelledbecauseofthesnowyouhavetherighttosfullcompensationoftheticket,ortobereroutedhomeonalaterflight.ButyouwillhavenorighttogetadelayorcancellationcompensationunderEUrules,becausethesnowisanextraordinarycircumstancebeyondtheairline’scontrol.Ifyoudon’ttakethecompensationandchoosetobererouted,anditmeansyouarestuckattheairportovernight,it’stheairline’sdutytopayforareasonablypricedhotelroomandmeals.Theairlinehastorerouteyouattheearliestopportunity,oratthepassenger’sfreetime,youaresupposedtotaketheavailabilityofseats.Ifyouchoosetobereroutedorifyourdepartureisdelayedbymorethantwohours,airlinesalsohavetoprovideassistancesuchasfood.Theairlineskeepthisquietandgettingthemoneyoutofthelow-costoperatorscanbeahardjob.Keepevidenceofcancellations,allreceipts,anduseyourmobiletovideoanyoffertopaybyairlinestaff.1、Whatisyourcompensationdeterminedbywhenyourtrainsaredelayedduetobadweather?A．Theoperator.B．Thepriceoftheticket.C．Thelengthofdelaytime.D．Theclassoftheserviceandthepriceoftheticket.2、HowmanychoicesdoyouhaveifyouaretotravelAberdeenfromLondon,andyourtrainiscancelled?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.3、Howcanyousavethetroubleingettinggmoneyoutofthelow-costoperators?A．Bykeepingtheevidenceandvideoinganyoffertopay.B．Attheearliestopportunity,orthepassenger’sfreetime.C．Bypreventingtheairlinesfromkeepingtheirdutyquiet.D．Byarguingreasonablywiththestaffoftheairlinesofferingyoutheflight.23．（8分）Fromthemomentyouopenyoureyesinthemorning,youcanfeelsweatrunningdownyourbody,evenifyou'rebarelymovingatall.That'swhatmostpeopleinChinafeltlikethissummer.Infact,theentirenorthernhemisphere(半球)sawhightemperaturesinJuly.TheArcticCirclewasnoexception(例外).TemperaturesinthecityofNorilsk,whichisintheArcticCircle,reachedarecordhighof32℃,TheAtlanticreported.Temperaturesthereareusuallyjust10℃atthistimeoftheyear.TheheatwaveintheArcticismainlyalong-termresultofglobalwarming,accordingtotheChineseAcademyofMeteorologicalSciences.Infact,whilethewholeworldisgettingwarmer,theArcticiswarmingtwiceasfastastherestoftheplanet.Thisiscalledthepolaramplificationeffect（極地放大效應(yīng)）.ThemostdirectimpactofArcticwarmingisthemeltingofArcticice.AccordingtoNASA,Arcticseaiceisnowdisappearingatarateof13.2percentevery10years.NASAsaidthatifthiscontinues,theArcticwillhavenoicebytheyear2040.ThishasputsomeArcticanimals,likepolarbears,indanger.Theicethatthebearsliveonhasshrunk(縮小),theTorontoStarreported.Meltingicecanalsocausesealevelstoriseinthelongterm.Since1993,sealevelshaverisenatarateof3.2cmevery10years,theGuardianreported.Somecountries,suchasTuvalu（圖瓦魯）intheSouthPacificOceanandMaldives（馬爾代夫）intheIndianOcean,areatriskofdisappearingintothesea1、Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Somecountriesintheoceanwilldisappearin10yearsB．ChinaisthehottestinthenorthernhemispherethissummerC．ThetemperaturesinNorilskusedtobelowerthanthissummer.D．TheworldgetswarmerbecauseoftheheatwaveintheArctic2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inthethirdparagraphreferto?A．TheheatwaveintheArcticB．TheresultofglobalwarmingC．GettingwarmerintheworldD．TheArcticgettingwarmfaster3、WhatmaybetheresultofthemeltingofArcticice?A．ThepolarwillbecomedangerousB．SealevelsriseinthelongtermC．TherewillbeanendofwatershortageD．Therewillbenoiceintheworldby20404、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．HeathitsArcticB．Arcticanimalsareindanger.C．TheworldbecamehotterthanbeforeD．Somecountriesmaydisappearintothesea24．（8分）Kidsseemtospendendlesshoursonsmartphones,computersandtabletsthesedays.Thebestthingparentscandotopreventitistoencourageyoungsterstospendmoretimeoutdoorsinthesunlight.Therehasbeenamassiverisearoundtheglobeinshort-sightedness—ormyopiaasit’sofficiallyknown—overrecentdecades.Myopiaorshort-sightednessisbecomingmorecommon.Lackofnaturallightseemstobethekeyissue.“Themainfactorseemstobealackofexposuretodirectsunlight,becausechildrenwhostudyalotandwhousecomputersorsmartphonesortabletcomputersalothavelessopportunitytorunaroundoutsideandarelessexposedtosunshineandbecauseofthatchildrenseemtobeatmoreriskofdevelopingshortsightedness.”ProfessorHammondsays,“Itmaybethere’snocoincidencethatinEastAsiancountries,themostmyopiconesallrelatemaytobethethatmathsleaguetables(排名表).Thesekidsarebeingpushedwithveryintensiveeducationfromaveryyoungageandspendalotoftimeindoorsstudyingcloseup.Thereforetheconcernisthatallclosework—likeplayingwiththeiPhone—carriesthepotentialthatitcouldmakethemmoreshortsighted.”Thebestthingtodo,saytheexperts,istogetchildrenplayingoutsideasmuchaspossible.“Inaperfectworld,probablyonaverageacrosstheweekandtheweekend,twohoursadayoutdoorsisprotectiveofbecomingshort-sightedinchildren.Healthydietisreallyalsoimportant—intermsofgettingoilyfish,greenvegetables,greenleafyvegetablesasmuchaspossible.“Whatweneedtolookatiswaysofmodifyingtheimpactthattheseactivitieshaveontheirvisualdevelopment.”ProfessorHammondsaid,“Thereareeyedropsandothertreatmentstoslowmyopiaprogression.Butintermsofpreventingmyopiaitself,thereisn’tanydataoutthereatthemomentintermsofthequestion,‘Couldthedropsweuseslowprogressionorstopmyopiadevelopingatall?‘”1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A．Muchnaturallight.B．Runningaroundoutside.C．Computersorsmartphones.D．Lessexposuretosunshine.2、WhatdoesProfessorHammondthinkofshort-sightednessamongEastAsianchildren?A．Itappearsquitebychance.B．Itisnotseriousenough.C．ItlargelyrelatetoiPadoriPhone.D．Itconnectswiththeirstudypressure.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Themyopicstudentswilldecreaseinthefuture.B．Researchershavefoundmethodstoreducemyopia.C．It’sstillahardjobtocontrolthechildren’smyopia.D．Researchersneedn’tcollectanymoredataonmyopia.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．CommontroublesofstudentsB．Problemscausedbyshort-sightednessC．StayingoutdoorsmoretokeepgoodeyesightD．Theimportanceofprotectingkids25．（10分）OneofthedeepestteachingsofConfuciusmayhavevaluedpersonalexemplificationaboveclearlyexpressedrulesofbehavior.Hismoralteachingsemphasizedself-cultivation(培養(yǎng)),imitation:ofmoralexemplars,andtheattainmentofskilledjudgmentratherthanknowledgeofrules.Histeachingsrarelyrelyonreasonedargument,andmoralidealsandmethodsareconveyedindirectly.Histeachingsrequireexaminationandcontexttobeunderstood.Agoodexampleisfoundinthisfamousanecdote:廄焚。子退朝，曰:“傷人乎？”不問(wèn)馬。Whenthestableswereburntdown,onreturningfromcourtConfuciussaid,“Wasanyonehurt?”Hedidnotaskaboutthehorses.X.11(tr.Waley),10-13(tr.Legge),orX-17(tr.Lau)Bynotaskingaboutthehorses,Confuciusdemonstratesthatthesage(圣人)valueshumanbeingsoverproperty,butnotdirectly;readersareledtoreflectonwhethertheirresponsewouldfollowConfucius’sandtopursueself-improvementifitwouldnothave.Confucius,asanexemplarofhumanexcellence,servesnotasanall-powerfuldeity(神人)orauniversallytruesetofabstractprinciples,butratherthebestmodelforothers.Forthesereasons,accordingtomanycommentators,Confucius'steachingsmaybeconsideredaChineseexampleofhumanism.Oneofhisteachingswasavariant(變體)oftheGoldenRule,sometimescalledthe“SilverRule”owingtoitsnegativeform:己所不欲，勿施於人?！癢hatyoudonotwishforyourself,donotdotoothers.”子貢問(wèn)曰:“有一言而可以終身行之者乎?”子曰:‘‘其恕乎！己所不欲、勿施於人?！盳iGong[adisciple]asked:“Isthereanyonewordthatcouldguideapersonthroughoutlife?”TheMasterreplied:“Howabout‘reciprocity’!Neverimposeonotherswhatyouwouldnotchooseforyourself.”AnalectsXV.24,tr.DavidHintonOftenoverlookedinConfucianmoralsarethevirtuestotheself:sincerityandthecultivationofknowledge.Virtuousactiontowardsothersbeginswithvirtuousandsincerethought,whichbeginswithknowledge.Avirtuousnaturewithoutknowledgeislikelytobeinfluencedbycorruption,andvirtuousactionwithoutsincerityisnottruerighteousness(正義).Cultivatingknowledgeandsincerityisalsoimportantforone’sownsake;thesuperiorpersonloveslearningforthesakeoflearningandrighteousnessforthesakeofrighteousness.1、ThehorseexampleinthefirstparagraphistoshowthatConfucius____________.A．paidmuchattentiontomoralteachingsB．meantotherstounderstandhisteachingsbyself-reflectionC．directlydemonstratedhisemphasisonhumanbeingsD．neverinhumanlyforcedotherstodowhathedidn’tliketodo2、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Theimportanceofthevirtuestotheself.B．Howtodefinethevirtuestotheself.C．Therelationshipbetweensincerityandknowledge.D．Whythevirtuesoftheselfareoftenoverlooked.3、WhichofthefollowingprinciplesofConfuciusismentionedinthispassage?A．Exampleisbetterthanteaching.B．Hewhopracticesvirtueswillhaveneighborsandfriends.C．Keepwhatyousayandcarryoutwhatyoudo.D．Bynature,menarenearlyalike;bypractice,theygettobewildapart.第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）CharlesPlumb,aU.S.NavalAcademygraduate,wasajetfighterpilotinVietnam.After75combatmissions,hisplanewas1byasurface-to-airmissile.Plumbwas2andspentsixyearsinprisoninVietnam.Hesurvivedandnow3aboutlessonslearnedfromthatexperience.Oneday,Plumbandhiswifeweresittinginarestaurantwhenamanatanothertablecameupandsaid,"You'rePlumb!You4jetfightersinVietnamfromtheaircraftcarrier(航空母艦)KittyHawk.Youwere5!""Howintheworlddidyouknowthat?"askedPlumb."I6yourparachute,"themanreplied.Plumbgasped（倒吸一口氣）insurpriseand7.Themanpumpedhishandandsaid,"Iguessitworked!"Plumbassuredhim,"It8did—ifyourchutehadn'tworked,Iwouldn'tbeheretoday."Plumbcouldn'tsleepthatnight，thinkingaboutthatman.Hesays,"IwonderedhowmanytimesImighthavepassedhim9theKittyHawk.IwonderedhowmanytimesImighthaveseenhimandnotevensaid'Goodmorning,howareyou',oranything10,yousee,Iwasafighterpilotandhewasjusta11."Plumbthoughtofthemanydaysthesailorhadspentonalongwoodentableinthebowels（深處）oftheship12workingoneachchute,holdinginhishandseachtimethe13ofsomeonehedidn'tknow.Plumbaskshis14,"Who'spackingyour15?Everyonehassomeonewhoprovideswhattheyneedtomakeit16theday."Plumbalsosaysthatheneededmanykindsofparachuteswhenhisplanewasshotdown—heneededhis17parachute,hismentalparachute,hisemotionalparachute,andhisspiritualparachute.Hecalledonallthese18beforereachingsafety.Hisexperienceremindsusallto19andbekindtopeoplewhopackourdailyparachutes,andstrengthenustogothrough20times.1、A．followed B．destroyed C．spied D．seen2、A．released B．wounded C．captured D．killed3、A．lectures B．gives C．studies D．hear4、A．repaired B．made C．flew D．cleaned5、A．takendown B．lookeddown C．setdown D．shotdown6、A．bought B．checked C．found D．packed7、A．gratefully B．suspiciously C．happily D．sadly8、A．a(chǎn)lmost B．surely C．narrowly D．nearly9、A．a(chǎn)broad B．in C．on D．a(chǎn)t10、A．so B．because C．unless D．though11、A．sailor B．captain C．pilot D．technician12、A．unwillingly B．immediately C．worriedly D．carefully13、A．death B．fortune C．fate D．chance14、A．wife B．children C．sailors D．a(chǎn)udience15、A．luggage B．bag C．parachute D．future16、A．through B．to C．upto D．a(chǎn)s17、A．psychological B．physical C．imaginary D．safe18、A．spirits B．emotions C．supports D．people19、A．a(chǎn)ward B．recognize C．reward D．help20、A．happy B．tough C．comfortable D．cosy第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Iamawfullysorryaboutthe7.0-magnitudeearthquake,which1．（hit）yourhometown,JiuzhaigouCounty,at9:19pm,onAug.8,2017.When2．（face）suchahorriblynaturaldisaster,peoplethereremain3．calmandstrong-willedthatwealladmireyourcourageandstrength.HereinHuzhoupeoplearevery4．（concern）aboutthepresentsituationinyourcountyandwearealldeterminedtomakeeverybitofourefforttohelp.Idobelievethatyouandyourcountycangothroughthedifficultyandabetterhometown5．（rebuild）soon.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的同下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Itseemsthatiftheresultisbad,whichpeopleworkforwillbemeaningless、Personallyspeak,theprocessoffightingforthegoalislessimportantthantheresult、Whenwefightforourgoals,wewillbedevotedwhatwearedoingandtrytoimproveus、Ifwefailintheend,whenwelookbackonthebeginning,wewillfindthatweareno