新教材高一人教英語必修第2冊課件UNIT3THEINTERNETSectionⅡ

UNIT3

THEINTERNETSectionⅡ

DiscoveringUsefulStructures夯基提能作業(yè)單元語法精析單元語法精析語法點撥一、現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的形式現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成是：have/hasbeendone。但在不同的句式中，其具體形式也有所不同?，F(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)1．肯定句形式主語＋have/has＋been＋done＋其他。ThebridgeovertheYellowRiverhasjustbeencompleted.黃河上的橋剛剛建成。Thechickenhasbeenstewedfortwohours.雞已經(jīng)燉了兩個小時了。2．否定句形式主語＋have/has＋not＋been＋done＋其他。Theyhaven’tbeentoldtheexcitingnewsyet,havethey?還沒有告訴他們這個令人激動的消息，對嗎？Thesecond－h(huán)andcarhasnotbeensold.這輛二手汽車還沒有賣出去。3．一般疑問形式Have/Has＋主語＋beendone＋其他？—Hasherworkbeenfinished?——她的工作完成了嗎？—Yes,ithas.——是的，完成了。4．特殊疑問形式疑問詞＋have/has＋主語＋beendone＋其他？Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?這臺機器使用多久啦？變換句子Thechildrenhavealreadybeentoldthegoodnews.①將原句變?yōu)榉穸ň?。Thechildrenhaven’tbeentoldthegoodnewsyet.②將原句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洹avethechildrenbeentoldthegoodnewsyet？③對原句中的thechildren進行提問。Whohasbeentoldthegoodnewsyet？完成句子④I’msorry,buttheletters______________________yet.很抱歉，但是這些信件還沒有被打印出來。⑤Theplan_____________________fornearlytwohours.這項計劃已被討論了近兩個小時了。⑥She_________________________sincethen.從那時候起，她就沒被提起。haven’tbeentyped

hasbeendiscussed

hasn’tbeenmentioned

二、現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的用法1．現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)同它的主動語態(tài)一樣，強調(diào)過去一個被動的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，通常與already，yet，just，never，recently等副詞連用。Theroomhasalreadybeencleaned.房間已經(jīng)被打掃干凈了。(現(xiàn)在已不用打掃房間了)Thedoctorhasn’tbeensentforyet.還沒有派人去請醫(yī)生。(現(xiàn)在應(yīng)派人去請醫(yī)生)2．表示一個被動的動作或狀態(tài)從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去，常與for或since等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語(從句)連用，或用于howlong引導(dǎo)的句子中。Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.這臺機器已經(jīng)修了兩個小時了。(可能還會繼續(xù)被修)Howlonghastheprojectbeencarriedout?這項工程已實施多長時間了？(可能還會繼續(xù)實施)3．用在時間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時已完成的動作，即用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)代替將來完成時的被動語態(tài)。Youshouldn’tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你的作業(yè)沒完成之前你不應(yīng)該離開學(xué)校。常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語already已經(jīng)yet已經(jīng)recently/lately最近sincethen從那時起eversince自那以來ever曾經(jīng)sofar迄今為止foralongtime很長一段時間bynow到現(xiàn)在為止inrecentyears在最近幾年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears在過去的幾年里用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)改寫句子①Jack’sbosshasalwayspraisedhimforhisdevotiontowork.→Jack__________________________byhisbossforhisdevotiontowork.②Theyhavefoundagoodplacetobuildatempleinthevillage.→Agoodplace_________________tobuildatempleinthevillage.hasalwaysbeenpraised

hasbeenfound

③Wehaven’tdecidedhowtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblemyet.→Howtosolvethatdifficulttechnologicalproblem_________________yet.完成句子④Iwillgohomewhenmyhomework____________________.當(dāng)我的家庭作業(yè)完成時我就回家。⑤Papermoney____________________________________________.紙幣已被使用1000多年了。hasn’tbeendecided

hasbeenfinished

hasbeenusedforoveronethousandyears

三、現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的注意事項1．現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)有兩個助動詞，即have/has和been，兩者缺一不可。2．現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)與一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)表示一個被動的動作發(fā)生在過去某個時候，其結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在沒有影響；而現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)側(cè)重于表示動作或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在過去，但該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成了影響(或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果)。Thebigfirewasputouttwohoursago.大火兩小時前被撲滅了。Thebigfirehasbeenputout.大火已經(jīng)被撲滅了。3．finish,buy,start,begin,post,return,borrow,join,open等非持續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。這個工程開始多久了？【誤】Howlonghasthisprojectbeenstarted?【正】Howlongagowasthisprojectstarted?4．動詞短語是一個不可分割的整體，在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持其完整性，不可省略動詞短語中的介詞或副詞。Itissaidthattheproblemhasbeenlookedinto.據(jù)說已經(jīng)調(diào)查了這個問題。完成句子①Thelibrary_________________.這座圖書館已經(jīng)建好了。②Thelibrary____________lastyear.這座圖書館是去年建成的。③Theinjuredbird________________________sinceitwassaved.那只受傷的小鳥被救后一直被照看著。hasbeenbuilt

wasbuilt

hasbeenlookedafter

判斷下列句子的正誤(T/F)④Theworkhasbeenfinishedfortwodays. (

)⑤Thisbookhasnotbeenborrowedsincelastweek. (

)F

T

專項練習(xí)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms_____________________(produce)allovertheworld.2．Shakespeare’splayHamlet________________(make)intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.3．Sofaraboutfivethousandtrees____________________(plant)aroundourvillage.4．Thediamondmine_________________(discover)accidentallybyalittleboywhenhewasplayinghide-and-seek.havebeenproduced

hasbeenmade

havebeenplanted

wasdiscovered

5．Greatchanges_____________(take)placeinthepast10years.6．Althoughbothsideshavebeenmakingefforts,noconclusion_________________(draw)uptonow.7．Thatbook______________________(translate)intoatleast20foreignlanguagesinthelast10years.8．It’sthefirsttimethattheoldcomputer___________________(check)sinceIboughtit.havetaken

hasbeendrawn

hasbeentranslated

hasbeenchecked

9．Doyouknowanyonethat_______________(put)intospacerocketsand_______(send)toexploretheMoonandMarssincelastcentury?10．WearegladtobetoldthatLiTao____________________(admit)toFudanUniversityforhistopscoreintheMathsContest.hasbeenput

sent

hasbeenadmitted

Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1．Howmanyworkers_________________(已派遣)tobuildtherailway?2．—WhydoesMarylooksounhappy?—Becauseshe______________________(被嘲笑)byherclassmates.3．Itissaidthatthehouse_______________________(闖進了)bytwothieves.4．Thetwopens___________________________(未被拿走)byhim.5．Wherehasthetelevision________________(被修理了)?havebeensent

hasbeenlaughedat

hasbeenbrokeninto

havenotbeentakenaway

beenrepaired

6．ThepriceofacolorTVset________________________(降價了)again.7．What______________________(已被譯成)intomanyforeignlanguages?8．Thebuildings______________________(已經(jīng)被毀)intheearthquake.9．Theproblem______________________(尚未被解決)byusyet.10．Thecomputers_______________________(已被贈送)toalocalschoolbythecompany.hasbeenbroughtdown

hasbeentranslated

havebeendestroyed

hasnotbeensolved

havebeengivenaway

Ⅲ.語法主題應(yīng)用李明和林濤在新學(xué)期第一天見面，他們在談?wù)撃莻€城市地震一年后的情況。請根據(jù)語境，用相應(yīng)的時態(tài)完成下面對話。LiMing：Hi，LiTao.Hownicetoseeyouonthefirstdayofthenewterm!LinTao：Yes.Nicetoseeyouagain.LiMing：Iknowthatyourparents1．____________________(work)inthatcityforaboutayear.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutitaftertheearthquake?havebeenworking

LinTao：Ofcourse.Sincetheearthquake2．___________(happen),manysoldiers3．_________________(send)there,and