備考2025屆高考英語一輪復習課時提能第一部分過透教材Unit4AdversityandCourage新人教版選擇性必修第三冊

Unit4AdversityandCourage一、閱讀理解A[2024福建福州一測]JillWheatleywasaPEteacherinGermany.OntheweekendshecompetedinmarathonsaroundEurope.Butlifethrewheraneardeadlyblow.WhileteachingaPEclass，shewashitontheheadwithabaseball.Theimpactwassogreatthatitleftherwithabraininjuryand70percentvisionloss，permanentlyblindingherinoneeye.Shespent26monthsinsevendifferenthospitals，attimeswishingitwouldjustallend.Desperately，Wheatleysetouttofindcomfortandhealing（治療）innature.ShetravelledtoNepalwhereafriendconvincedhertorunintheAnnapurna100withhim.Thepowerfromthatracechangedherlifeandeventuallyhadherlookupatthetopsofthemountains.ProjectVision8000wasborn.Andshebeganhermissiontostandonthetopoftheworld’s14highestmountains，towering8，000metersabovesealevel，toshowherselfandothersthepowerofthechoiceandpossibility.Colorsandtouchhelpguideheronthemountainandshehasneveroncefelttootiredtocarryon."Theonlyconstantthingischange，sowhentheweathergetsreallybadorastormiscomingin，Iknowitisgoingtopass."Sofar，she’shadfewproblemsstandingamonggiants，butsheadmitsshecontinuestostrugglewithovercomingthe"mountainsofhermind".Havingalreadystareddeathintheface，Wheatleyhasgreatrespectforthemountainsandthemissionsheison.Butshe’snotscared.Theexperiencealmostclaimedherlife，butitisnowthedrivingforceandfuelbehindhersuccess.Ateveryicypeak，shesmilesandtakesaquickvideowithabreathless"Soverythankful"whisperedintothethinair.本文主要講解并描述了德國的一名體育老師Wheatley在閱歷一次意外事故打擊之后，重塑主動人生看法的故事。【詞語積累】competev.參與競賽deadlyadj.致命的impactn.影響permanentlyadv.永久地setouttodosth.起先做某事constantadj.不變的，固定的claimv.奪走，奪去（生命）【熟詞生義】tower常用義：n.塔樓，塔文中義：v.高聳，屹立1.WhathappenedtoWheatleyaccordingtoparagraph1？A.Shecamelastinarace.B.Shesufferedaheadinjury.C.Shelosthersightcompletely.D.Shewasattackedonpurposeinaclass.解析B微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的"WhileteachingaPEclass，shewashitontheheadwithabaseball...blindingherinoneeye"可知，本題選B項。2.WhatdroveWheatleytolaunchProjectVision8000？A.Herexplorationofnature.B.Herfriend’stimelysuggestions.C.Herstrongloveforsports.D.HerparticipationintheAnnapurna100.解析D微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段的"ShetravelledtoNepalwhereafriendconvincedher...ProjectVision8000wasborn"可知，她到尼泊爾旅行，在那里一個摯友勸服她與他一起參與Annapurna100競賽，來自競賽的力氣變更了她的生活，最終讓她屹立在群山之巔遠眺，這促使了Wheatley創(chuàng)立ProjectVision8000，故選D項。3.WhatcanwelearnaboutWheatleyfromthelastparagraph？A.Herattitudetowardadversitywasreshaped.B.Shewasusedtopoorweatherconditions.C.Sheignoredthemountainsofhermind.D.Hernaturehelpedherovercomefear.解析A推理推斷題。由第三段中的"Theonlyconstantthing...goingtopass"，"Havingalreadystareddeath...she’snotscared"和"butitisnowthedrivingforceandfuelbehindhersuccess"可推知，Wheatley對待逆境的看法已經發(fā)生了變更，故選A項。4.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext？A.EverypeakiswithinreachB.LosesighttogainvisionC.ActionsspeaklouderthanwordsD.Naturewilltakeitscourse解析B標題歸納題。B項指明白Wheatley的不幸遭受，同時也指明白其在不幸遭受后的收獲，適合做文章標題。B[2024廣東東莞10月月考]AsongcalledLonelyWarrior（《孤勇者》）isalwaysringinginmyears.Sixyearsago，afterhostinganannualceremonyformyschool，Ifoundthatmyleftlegwasalittleswollen，andverysoonIcouldbarelywalk.Infact，theswollenpartbecameafist-sizedmeatballthatwassopainfulthatIcouldbarelysleep.Ofcourse，Iwenttoalocalhospital，whereIwasgivenverybleak（不樂觀的）news—osteosarcoma，whichmeansbonecancer.Iunderwentchemotherapy（化療）forthenexttwoyears，anditwastheworsttimeofmylife.Physically，Ifeltthatthesideeffectsofchemotherapywerekillingme.Ilostallofthehaironmybodyandbecametotallybald.Icouldbarelyeatanything，evenifIfelthungry.Inolongerneededanalarmclocktowakeupinthemorning.Instead，whatwokemeupwasmybodytellingmethatIneededtovomit（嘔吐）.Ihadnoideawhereallthistreatmentwouldleaveme，andthedreamsIhadoncenursed（懷有）aboutthefuturewereentirelywipedout.Iwantedtofeeltheworldandexperiencemore，soIstucktothecourseoftreatment.Astimewentby，however，Ibecameweakerandweaker.Thesideeffectsnowwerefarworsethantheyhadbeenearlier.Ieventuallysuggestedthatthelegbechoppedoff，andthedoctorsaidthatmightbethebestthingtodo，aslongasIcouldcopewiththepsychologicalandsocialpressuresafterward.Imademydecisionverycalmly，becauseIknewthingscouldnotbeworsethantheywereatthatmoment，andIwasdeterminedthatthiswasjustonemorebattleIwouldwin.Now，sixyearslater，Ihaveweatheredallthesedifficulties.Ihavebeensoluckytobeabletofindthestrengthtodealwithallofthis，andwhatIhavetotellanyonestillstrugglingwithdifficultiesisthis：Havefaithinyourself，anddonotletbadmomentsdragyoudown.Justhangonandyouwillcomethrough.本文主要講解并描述了作者與骨癌作斗爭的閱歷。隨著病情的惡化，作者確定頂住心理壓力和社會壓力，讓醫(yī)生截掉了一條腿。6年過去了，作者經受住了全部的磨難。最終作者激勵仍在與困難作斗爭的人要對自己有信念。1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesideeffectsofchemotherapy？A.Theymadetheauthorsufferalot.B.Theydestroyedtheauthor’sfaith.C.Theywererelievedaftertreatment.D.Theyweremoreobviousinthedaytime.解析A微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由其次段的描述可知，化療使作者苦痛不堪，作者的頭發(fā)掉光了，他幾乎吃不進任何東西，夜間睡眠也受到了很大影響。由此可知，化療的副作用讓作者受了很大的苦，故A項正確。2.Whatwastheauthor’sdecisiontodealwithhiscondition？A.Choppingoffhisleg.B.Turningdownthedoctor’sadvice.C.Givingintothecancer.D.Seekingpsychologicalassistance.解析A微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段首句"Ieventuallysuggestedthatthelegbechoppedoff"可知，A項正確。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"weathered"inthelastparagraphmean？A.Resisted. B.Survived.C.Escaped. D.Produced.解析B詞義揣測題。由第五段中的"Ihavebeensoluckytobeabletofindthestrengthtodealwithallofthis"可知，作者克服了全部困難。由此可推知，畫線詞所在句表達的應是六年后作者最終戰(zhàn)勝了全部困難。綜上可知，B項正確。4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthetext？A.Alightheartliveslong.B.Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.C.Timeworkswonders.D.Onewithfaithbravesanyhardship.解析D推理推斷題。由最終一段中的"whatIhavetotellanyonestillstrugglingwithdifficultiesisthis：Havefaithinyourself，anddonotletbadmomentsdragyoudown.Justhangonandyouwillcomethrough"可推知，作者在本文中想傳達的是有信念的人可以經受住任何困難，故D項正確。二、完形填空[2024湖北省新高考信息卷二]Acraftsmanlivingwithadisabilitywhomakesclayfigurines（泥雕）hasrecentlymadenetizensamazedacrossthecountry.In2003，MiZhoulosthishandsinanaccident.Unwillingto1tofate，hegraduallylearnedtoeatandgetdressedintheyearthatfollowedtheunexpected2.Afterseeingacraftsmanmakingfigurinesonthestreet，Miwasattractedtothecraftandwithout3decidedtolearnfromhim."Thecraftsmansaidhecouldn’t4mewhenhesawthatIhadnofingers.I5andfinallyworehimdown，"Misaid.Thelearningprocesswas6.Inthebeginninghecouldonlymaketworosesinanafternoon.Andhisarmswereoftenpainfulafterthepractice.However，becauseofhis7forthecraftandhiseagernesstoearnaliving，heneverthoughtabout8.Mihasbeenmakingtheseclayfigurinesfor15years.Itnow9himonlyseveralminutestomakeafigurine.After10clayintoaballwithhiselbows，Miholdstheballbetweenhisarmstoputitonastick，andthenaddssmallerpartsand11totheball.Miisnotonlyabletomakealivingbymakingclayfigurinesashehadhoped，buthefeels12aboutwhathedoes.Hedoesn’tsetpricesforhisfigurines.Insteadofaskingpeopletogiveacertainamountofmoneyfortheproducts，heallowsthemto13astheylike.Inthisway，eachfigurineissoldatabout20yuanonaverage，whichischeapercomparedto14productssoldelsewhere.Mi’sstorytellsusthatwemayhave15nocontroloverwhathappenstous，butwecancontrolhowwerespond.Ifwechoosetherightattitude，wecanriseabovewhateverchallengesweface.米周在2003年的一次意外中失去了雙手。有一次在街上看到一位泥雕藝人做泥雕，他一下就寵愛上了這門手藝，并決心拜師學藝?，F(xiàn)如今，米周可以用自己的手藝養(yǎng)活自己，他也過得特別歡樂。1.A.bow B.turnC.smile D.agree解析A由下文中的"hegraduallylearnedtoeatandgetdressed"可知，米周不情愿向命運低頭（bow）。2.A.visit B.matterC.operation D.accident解析D此處表示米周在意想不到的事故（accident）發(fā)生之后的那一年，漸漸學習吃飯和穿衣服。3.A.success B.delayC.argument D.permission解析B此處說的是"米周馬上（withoutdelay）確定向他學習"。4.A.cheat B.motivateC.instruct D.advocate解析C那位手藝人看到米周沒手指后便說他沒有方法教（instruct）米周，故選C項。5.A.promised B.acceptedC.insisted D.apologized解析C在米周的一再堅持（insisted）下，米周最終讓手藝人同意教他了。6.A.smooth B.pleasantC.violent D.challenging解析D由下文中的"Inthebeginninghecouldonlymaketworosesinanafternoon"和段落中的描述可以推想，學習過程很有挑戰(zhàn)性（challenging）。7.A.approval B.curiosityC.performance D.enthusiasm解析D由上文中的"Miwasattractedtothecraftandwithoutdelaydecidedtolearnfromhim"可以看出，米周對這門技藝有熱忱（enthusiasm）。approval贊成，同意；curiosity新奇 心；performance表演，表現(xiàn)。8.A.holdingup B.givingupC.pullingup D.lookingup解析B由語境可知，米周對這門技藝有熱忱，又渴望通過這門手藝謀生，因此，他從來沒有想過放棄（givingup）。holdup舉起，耽擱，支撐；pullup（使車）停下；lookup查閱，好轉。9.A.takes B.wastesC.spares D.requires解析A由上文中的"Mihasbeenmakingtheseclayfigurinesfor15years"可以推想，他現(xiàn)在已經很嫻熟了，只需花（takes）幾分鐘就可以做出一個泥雕。10.A.dividing B.shapingC.cutting D.sticking解析B結合語境和常識可知，米周須要首先把泥揉成球的形態(tài)。此處shape作動詞，意為"使成為……形態(tài)（或樣子）"。11.A.brands B.pricelistsC.instructions D.decorations解析D由常識可知，把泥揉成球狀之后，米周會把泥球放到棍上，然后再把較小的部分和裝飾（decorations）加上去。12.A.free B.joyfulC.curious D.particular解析B由上文可知，米周對泥雕有熱忱，且能靠泥雕謀生，他應當會感到很歡樂（joyful）。13.A.pick B.payC.catch D.collect解析B由語境可知，他沒有設置固定的價格，所以顧客可以按自己的意愿去付款（pay）。14.A.similar B.familiarC.standard D.traditional解析A由常識可知，此處對米周做的泥雕和別的地方的相像（similar）產品的價格進行了比較。15.A.merely B.calmlyC.absolutely D.reasonably解析C此處說的是"或許我們完全無法限制發(fā)生在我們身上的事情，但是我們可以限制我們如何回應"。absolutely與no連用表示"確定不，完全沒有"。三、語法填空[2024陜西榆林第一次月考]Backlight226isararebookstoreinShanghai，asinthisbookstorevisuallyimpairedpeopleofferbookstothosewithvisualimpairments.Locatedinthecity’sleafyNanchangStreet，thestorehasbeenafixtureintheareasince2024，providingmuch-neededreadingmaterialsto1blindcommunity."PeoplemayonlyknowaboutHelenKeller，buttherearefamousblindChinese2（writer）aswell，"saidHanYing，managerofBacklight226，referringtotheAmericanauthorandactivist3losthersightandhearingatanearlyage.Hanpartiallylosthervisionafteranaccidentand4（become）completelyblindfiveyearslater.Shesaidshehadtogiveup5（teach）calligraphy，andthewayshereadwasalsoaffected.Now，aged43，sherelies6speciala