河南省安陽市林州市2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷

2023-2024學(xué)年河南省安陽市林州市八年級(jí)（下）期末英語試卷一、聽力理解（20小題，每小題1分，共20分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。1．（1分）WhatwillGarygiveaway？A.ThefootballT﹣shirt.B.Thetoybear.C.Theoldmagazine.2．（1分）Whichbuildinghasbeeninthecityfor12years？A.Thelibrary.B.Themuseum.C.Thecinema.3．（1分）WherewasBellawhentherainstormcame？A.Inthepostoffice.B.Inthetownlibrary.C.Intheartmuseum.4．（1分）WhatdoesEvewanttodofirst？A.Foldherclothes.B.Sweepthefloor.C.Finishherhomework.5．（1分）Howdidtheboygethomeyesterdayafternoon？A.Bybike.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.二、聽下面幾段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6．（2分）（1）What'sthematterwiththegirl？A.Shehasatoothache.B.Shehasanosebleed.C.Shehasafever.（2）Whatdoesthemanadvisethegirltodo？A.Takesomemedicine.B.Havesomesoup.C.Dosomeexercise.7．（2分）（1）Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesong？A.It'snoisy.B.It'sexciting.C.It'ssimple.（2）Whichlanguageisthesongin？A.English.B.German.C.French.8．（3分）（1）HowoldwasMr.Backerwhenhelosthisleftarm？A.60.B.65.C.70.（2）WhatdidtheguestsbringtoMr.Backer？A.Somevegetables.B.Somenewspapers.C.Atelevision.（3）HowdoesMr.Backeralwaysfeel？A.Lonely.B.Happy.C.surprised.9．（3分）（1）WhatdoesJackthinkofmountainclimbing？A.It'sboring.B.It'sdangerous.C.It'sfun.（2）Howlongistheriver？A.About6km.B.About7km.C.About8km.（3）Howwillthespeakersgotothevillage？A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.三、聽下面一篇短文。按照你所聽內(nèi)容的先后順序?qū)⑾铝袌D片排序。短文讀兩遍。10．（5分）（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）二、閱讀理解（20小題，每小題10分，共40分）11．（10分）Fromwatchingstarsonthebedtohavingbreakfastwithgiraffes，herearesomeoftheworld'smostamazinghotels.GiraffeManorGiraffeManorismostwellknownforitsgiraffes.'Thegiraffessometimesmovetheirlongnecksinsidethewindowsofthedininghall.Itistheonlyplaceintheworldwherepeoplecangetthisupclosewithagiraffe.Telephone：254111033900TheIcehotelTheIcehotelneartheArcticCircle（北極圈）ismadeoutoficeincludingthebeds.It'srebuilteveryyear，openinginNovemberandclosinginApril.Tokeeptheguestsfromdyingofhypothermia（低體溫），theyareonlyallowedtospendonenightintheiceroom.Telephone：46098066800Website：AttrapRevesThehotelhasspecialoutdoorroomsthatlooklikelargebubbles（氣泡）.Sopeoplecansleepunderthestars.Eachbubbleoutintheforesthasrunningwater.Telephone：33491721089Website：www.attrap–TheMantaResortHotelTheunderwaterhotelis250metersoffbeachonPembaIsland.Guestscanwatchsealifeinthebedroom.Evenatnight，theycanturnonspeciallightsoutsidethewindowstowatchnight﹣timesealife.Telephone：255776141429根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）Ifyouareinterestedingiraffes，whichnumbershouldyoucall？A．At46098066800.B．At254111033900.C．At33491721089.D．At255776141429.（2）WhencanpeoplestayinaroomintheIcehotel？A．InOctober.B．InJuly.C．InMay.D．InJanuary.（3）Inwhichhotelcanpeopleenjoywatchingstarsatnight？A．GiraffeManor.B．TheIcehotel.C．AttrapReves.D．TheMantaResortHotel.（4）WhichofthefollowingsisTRUE？A．TheIcehotelisinthecenteroftheArcticCircle.B．PeoplecannotuserunningwaterinAttrapReves.C．Peoplecanbookaniceroomfor2nightsintheIcehotel.D．PeoplecanwatchsealifeatnightintheMantaResortHotel.（5）Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext？A．Travel.B．Sports.C．History.D．Science.12．（10分）DuringtheNorthernSongDynasty（北宋）（960﹣1127），therelivedamancalledYangShi.Hedevoted（奉獻(xiàn)）hiswholelifetostudy，andtospreading（傳播）hisideasandtheories.Oneday，YangShiandhisclassmate，YouZuo，gotintoadiscussionaboutonething，andtheycouldn'tagreewitheachother.Sotheydecidedtoasktheirteacher，ChengYi，forhelp.Ithappenedtobethedeepwinter.Astheymadetheirway，averycoldwindblewstrongly，andtheheavysnowbegantofall.Thewindcuttheirfaceslikeaknifeandthesnowkeptgettinginsidetheirclothes.Buttheyjustcaredabouttheirproblem，andtheycontinuedwalkinginthesnow.WhentheyreachedChengYi'shouse，theyfoundhimsittingbythefireandsleeping.YangShiandYouZuodidn'twanttowakeuptheirteacher，sotheystoodoutsidethedoorwaitingforhimtowakeup.Thesnowkeptfalling，thickerandthicker.Thoughtheyshivered（哆嗦）withcold，theystillstoodrespectfully（尊敬地）there.Alltheycouldhearwasthesoundofthefallingsnow.Severaltimes，YouZuo，unabletostandthecold，wantedtowakeuptheirteacher，buteachtimeYangShistoppedhim.Afteralongtime，ChengYiwokeup.Hesawthetwomenstandinginthesnow，coveredinsnow.Lookingclosely，herealizedthattheywereYangShiandYouZuo.Theteacherinvitedtheminsideatonce.Thewell﹣knownstorytellsushowYangShirespectedhisteacher.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）YangShiandYouZuoweretheofChengYi.A.neighborsB.friendsC.teachersD.students（2）Whydidtheycontinuewalkingthoughitsnowedheavily？A.BecausetheymissedChengYisomuch.B.Becausetheycouldnotfeeltheicycold.C.BecausetheyreallywantedtoaskChengYiforhelp.D.BecausetheywantedtohavedinneratChengYi'shouse.（3）WhatwasChengYidoingwhentheygottothehouse？A.Hewasmakingafireforthem.B.Hewassleepingbythefire.C.Hewasreadingabookbythefire.D.Hewaswaitingforthem.（4）FromParagraph4，weknow.A.YangShireallyenjoyedthefallingsnow.B.YangShiwasafraidoffacingChengYi.C.YangShiwantedtoshowhisrespectforChengYi.D.ChengYiaskedYangShiandYouZuotostandoutside（5）What'sthebesttitleforthestoryinChinese？A.程門立雪B.雪中送炭C.囊螢映雪D.雪上加霜13．（10分）Everyonehastheirfavoritefood.Thinkaboutyourfavoritefood.Doyouwonderwhyyourfavoritefoodtastessogood？Theanswerisaboutyourtongueandnose.Therearesometastebuds（味蕾）onyourtongue.Theygiveyouthesenseoftaste.Howdothetastebudswork？Infact，theyhavemanytinyhairsonthem.Thesetinyhairssendmessagestoyourbrainaboutthetastesofdifferentfood.Inthisway，youknowwhetheritissweet，sour，bitterorsalty.Apersonhasabout10，000tastebuds.Theykeepworkingallthetimewhenweenjoyourfood.Thetastebudsdon'talwaysstaythesame.Theyarereplacedabouteverytwoweeks.However，asapersongetsolder，someofthesetastebudsdon'tgetreplaced.Anolderpersonmayonlyhave5，000workingtastebuds.That'swhysomefoodmaytastestrongerforyouthanitdoesforanolderperson.Besidesyourtongue，yournosealsohelpsyoulearnaboutthetasteoffood.Sometimes，strongsmellcanevenconfuse（混淆）yoursenseoftaste.Tryholdinganonionunderyournosewhileeatinganapple，theapplemusttasteterrible.Sothenexttimeyouenjoysaltypizzaandsweeticecream，thankyourtongueandyournose.Withoutthem，youwon'thaveanysenseoftasteatal!Withoutthesenseoftaste，lifewillbeboring!根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）Howdotastebudssendmessagestoourbrainsaccordingtothepassage？A.Byusingourtongues.B.Byusingournoses.C.Byusingthesmallhairsonthem.D.Byusingoureyes.（2）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"arereplaced"meaninChinese？A.被更新B.被啟動(dòng)C.被顯示D.被占領(lǐng)（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？A.Anonioncanhelpmakethetasteofanapplebetter.B.Mostoldpeoplehavestrongertastebudsthantheyoung.C.Alltheoldpeople'stastebudswillgetreplacedaftersometime.D.Youngpeopleandoldpeoplemayhavedifferentideasonthetasteofthesamefood.（4）Whichistheproperstructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）ofthepassage？A.①②→③④⑤B.①②→③→④⑤C.①→②③→④→⑤D.①→②③→④⑤（5）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus？A.Ourfavoritefood.B.Howwecantastefood.C.Theuseoftongue.D.Thedifferenttasteoffood.四、信息還原14．（10分）Somepeopleskidownmountains.Othersclimbhugerocksortakephotosofdangerousanimals.（1）Thrillseekers（刺激追尋者）Somepeopletakeriskssimplybecauseitmakesthemfeelgood，forexample，thrillseekers.Thrillseekersgetboredeasily.（2）Theylovethefeelingofriskandwanttoexperienceitasoftenaspossible.Goal﹣drivenrisk﹣takersSomepeopledon'ttakerisksforthethrillbuttoachieveagoal.Forexample，scientistMikeFaywentonadangerous2，000﹣miletripincentralAfrica.（3）Fay'striphelpedcreate13nationalparks.Professionalrisk﹣takersForotherpeople，suchasextremeathletes（極限運(yùn)動(dòng)員），takingrisksispartoftheirjob.Inadangerousactivitysuchasskydiving（跳傘），mostpeopleprobablydonotfeelincontrol.Extremeathletesaredifferent：Theyfeelincontrolindangeroussituations.（4）Forexample，skierDaronRahlvessaysthatbeingafraidmakeshimtryhardertosucceed.Everydayrisk﹣takersMostofusarenotextremeathletesorexplorers.（5）Someofustakesocialrisks，suchasspeakinginfrontofalargegroupofpeople，ortalkingtopeoplewedon'tknowataparty.Sometimeswetakecareer（職業(yè)）risks，suchasleavingajoborstartingabusiness.Mostpeopletakerisksinsomeareasoflife，butnotinothers.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A.Thedangercanevenhelpthem.B.However，westilltakerisksinourlives.C.Heworkedtohelpsavethewildlifethere.D.Whydopeopleenjoyriskyactivitieslikethese？E.Sotheyarealwayslookingforchangeandexcitement.三、完形填空（15小題，共15分）先通讀短文、掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳答案。15．（15分）Pandasarelikethesuperstarsoftheanimalworld.Ifapandaisborn，（1）apandagetssick，thewholeworldwillknowit.Why？Becausetheyarecute.Butthebigger（2）isthattherearenotmanyleft.Inthe1980s，thenumber（3）tojust1，114.Buthere'ssomegoodnews.Thenumberofpandasisbecominglargerandlarger.（4）theIUCN，thelatestresearchshowsthereareabout1，864pandasinthewildinChina.（5）hasChinadoneit？Let'stakealook.EatingwellPandassometimeseatsmallanimalsandfish，butbamboo（6）99percentoftheirdiet.Andtheseguysarebigeaters!Apandaneeds10to18kgof（7）aday.In1958，Chinasetupthefirstpandareserve（保護(hù)區(qū)）.Nowthereare67ofthem.Peoplehaveplantedlotsofbamboothere（8）pandascanhaveenoughfreshfood.Rememberingtobegentle（溫和的）Babypandasareonly15cmlong﹣﹣thatisaslongasapencil!Theycan'tsee（9）whentheyareborn，andonlyopentheir（10）sixtoeightweeksafterbirth.Soresearchersneedto（11）themwellinlabs.Whenpandasgrowbigenough，researchers（12）themtothewild.Butresearcherstrynottotroubleotherpandas'lives.Whentheygetclosetowildpandas，theydressup（13）pandas.SayinghellototheworldChinahasalsowelcomedinternationalorganizations（組織）wishingto（14）pandas.Themostfamousvisitwasin1980bytheWorldWildlifeFund（WWF）.Itslogoisthepanda，soitmakesthepanda（15）worldwide.Chinaalsosendspandastoothercountriesasspecial"ambassadors（大使）".Themoneythatforeignzoospayalsohelpswithourworktosavepandas.（1）A.andB.butC.orD.so（2）A.excuseB.reasonC.matterD.choice（3）A.droppedB.passedC.stayedD.left（4）A.ThankstoB.BecauseofC.AsforD.Accordingto（5）A.HowB.WhyC.WhenD.Where（6）A.takesinB.takesoffC.takesafterD.takesup（7）A.animalsB.fishC.bambooD.vegetables（8）A.sothatB.thoughC.becauseD.unless（9）A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything（10）A.eyesB.mouthsC.handsD.arms（11）A.lookforB.lookatC.lookafterD.lookdown（12）A.showB.wantC.wishD.return（13）A.forB.withC.aboutD.like（14）A.keepB.workC.studyD.feed（15）A.braveB.popularC.excellentD.lively四、語篇填空（15小題，共15分）閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。16．（10分）five，regard，full，beginner，achievements，raise，when，month，serious，continueChangXiangyuwasafamousartistofYuOpera.Shegotthetitleof"people'sartist"in2004forhergreat（1）.ShewasborninapoorfamilyinGongyi，HenanProvince.HerfatherwasafamousactorofYuOpera.HerfatheraskedhertolearnYuOperawhenshewasnine.Asa（2），sheworkedhardandmadegreatprogresssoon.Inher（3）yearoflearningopera，shebecamefamous.She（4）tolearnandtookthestrongpointsofotherartists.Finally，shedevelopedbeautifulsinginglovedbymanypeople.Tohelpthearmyatthefront，sheledhertroupe（劇團(tuán)）toworkforhalfayearin1951.Theyfinishedthejobof（5）moneyforaplane.InMarch，1953，sheledsomeactorsofhertroupetoperform（表演）forthearmyabroad.Formorethanfive（6），shetravelledalmosteverydayandperformedindifferentplaces.Anyonewhowatchedherprogramswas（7）ofpraise（贊美）.Aslongasshewasneeded，eventhoughshewas（8）ill，shewouldwork.Attheendof2003，shewas80andillinhospital.（9）shelearnedthattherewasaspecialperformance，shepulledouttheinfusiontube（輸液管）andsangforpeoplewiththehelpofherfamily."Dramaisbiggerthanheaven"wasChangXiangyu'sfamoussaying.She（10）artaslife.Inherlife，sheshowedgreatloveforourcountryandpeople.五、閱讀短文，根據(jù)語篇要求填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞。17．（5分）Mostpeople（1）heardoftheGreatWallofChina，butnotmanypeopleoutsideofChinaknowabouttheGrandCanal（大運(yùn)河）.Thisman﹣madewaterwayisknowntotheChineseastheGrandCanal.Somepartsofitaremorethan2，000yearsold.It's（2）longestman﹣madewaterwayintheworld.Itwasbuiltasawaytocarrygrain（谷物）（3）landinChina'ssouthtocitiesinthenorth.Infact，it'snotonecanal，butasystemofcanalsandriversconnectedtogether.It'sstillanimportantpartofthetrafficsysteminChina.Thousandsofboatsuse（4）everydaytotransport（運(yùn)輸）grainandmanyothertypesofgoods.TheGrandCanalisnotsofamous（5）theGreatWall，andnotverymanytouristsvisitit.Butit'spossibletotakeaboatalongsomeoftheoldestpartsofthecanal.PassengerscanseebeautifulpartsofChinaherethatothervisitorsdon'tsee.五、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（5小題，共10分）根據(jù)下面的對(duì)話情景，在每個(gè)空白處填上一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?，使?duì)話的意思連貫、完整。18．（10分）A：Hi，Jack.Icalledyoulastnight，butyoudidn'tanswer.（1）？B：IwasreadingabookcalledHarryPotter.A：（2）？B：Ithinkit'sreallyinteresting，andit'smyfavoritebook.（3）？A：Yes，Ihavereaditfor3times.Butnow，Ineedsomehelp.B：Whatisthematter？A：Ifoughtwithmysisterlastnight.WhatshouldIdo？B：（4）.A：Maybeyou'reright.（5）.Thankyou.B：Youarewelcome.六、書面表達(dá)（20分）19．（20分）在你的成長中，一定有一些人或事讓你念念不忘，一位老師，一個(gè)朋友，一本書或一個(gè)玩具。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，以"Whatmakesmeunforgettable"為題，寫一篇英語短文。要點(diǎn)：1）什么使你難忘；2）為什么使你難忘；3）對(duì)你的影響是什么。要求：1）文中不要出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和校名；2）詞數(shù)90左右。Whatmakesmeunforgettable參考答案與試題解析一、聽力理解（20小題，每小題1分，共20分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。1．（1分）WhatwillGarygiveaway？A.ThefootballT﹣shirt.B.Thetoybear.C.Theoldmagazine.【解答】略2．（1分）Whichbuildinghasbeeninthecityfor12years？A.Thelibrary.B.Themuseum.C.Thecinema.【解答】略3．（1分）WherewasBellawhentherainstormcame？A.Inthepostoffice.B.Inthetownlibrary.C.Intheartmuseum.【解答】略4．（1分）WhatdoesEvewanttodofirst？A.Foldherclothes.B.Sweepthefloor.C.Finishherhomework.【解答】略5．（1分）Howdidtheboygethomeyesterdayafternoon？A.Bybike.B.Bysubway.C.Bycar.【解答】略二、聽下面幾段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6．（2分）（1）What'sthematterwiththegirl？A.Shehasatoothache.B.Shehasanosebleed.C.Shehasafever.（2）Whatdoesthemanadvisethegirltodo？A.Takesomemedicine.B.Havesomesoup.C.Dosomeexercise.【解答】略7．（2分）（1）Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesong？A.It'snoisy.B.It'sexciting.C.It'ssimple.（2）Whichlanguageisthesongin？A.English.B.German.C.French.【解答】略8．（3分）（1）HowoldwasMr.Backerwhenhelosthisleftarm？A.60.B.65.C.70.（2）WhatdidtheguestsbringtoMr.Backer？A.Somevegetables.B.Somenewspapers.C.Atelevision.（3）HowdoesMr.Backeralwaysfeel？A.Lonely.B.Happy.C.surprised.【解答】略9．（3分）（1）WhatdoesJackthinkofmountainclimbing？A.It'sboring.B.It'sdangerous.C.It'sfun.（2）Howlongistheriver？A.About6km.B.About7km.C.About8km.（3）Howwillthespeakersgotothevillage？A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.【解答】略三、聽下面一篇短文。按照你所聽內(nèi)容的先后順序?qū)⑾铝袌D片排序。短文讀兩遍。10．（5分）（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）【解答】略二、閱讀理解（20小題，每小題10分，共40分）11．（10分）Fromwatchingstarsonthebedtohavingbreakfastwithgiraffes，herearesomeoftheworld'smostamazinghotels.GiraffeManorGiraffeManorismostwellknownforitsgiraffes.'Thegiraffessometimesmovetheirlongnecksinsidethewindowsofthedininghall.Itistheonlyplaceintheworldwherepeoplecangetthisupclosewithagiraffe.Telephone：254111033900TheIcehotelTheIcehotelneartheArcticCircle（北極圈）ismadeoutoficeincludingthebeds.It'srebuilteveryyear，openinginNovemberandclosinginApril.Tokeeptheguestsfromdyingofhypothermia（低體溫），theyareonlyallowedtospendonenightintheiceroom.Telephone：46098066800Website：AttrapRevesThehotelhasspecialoutdoorroomsthatlooklikelargebubbles（氣泡）.Sopeoplecansleepunderthestars.Eachbubbleoutintheforesthasrunningwater.Telephone：33491721089Website：www.attrap–TheMantaResortHotelTheunderwaterhotelis250metersoffbeachonPembaIsland.Guestscanwatchsealifeinthebedroom.Evenatnight，theycanturnonspeciallightsoutsidethewindowstowatchnight﹣timesealife.Telephone：255776141429根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）Ifyouareinterestedingiraffes，whichnumbershouldyoucall？BA．At46098066800.B．At254111033900.C．At33491721089.D．At255776141429.（2）WhencanpeoplestayinaroomintheIcehotel？DA．InOctober.B．InJuly.C．InMay.D．InJanuary.（3）Inwhichhotelcanpeopleenjoywatchingstarsatnight？CA．GiraffeManor.B．TheIcehotel.C．AttrapReves.D．TheMantaResortHotel.（4）WhichofthefollowingsisTRUE？DA．TheIcehotelisinthecenteroftheArcticCircle.B．PeoplecannotuserunningwaterinAttrapReves.C．Peoplecanbookaniceroomfor2nightsintheIcehotel.D．PeoplecanwatchsealifeatnightintheMantaResortHotel.（5）Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoureadthetext？AA．Travel.B．Sports.C．History.D．Science.【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第一行Itistheonlyplaceintheworldwherepeoplecangetthisupclosewithagiraffe.Telephone：254111033900（這是世界上唯一一個(gè)人們能近距離接觸長頸鹿的地方。電話是254111033900）可知如果想看長頸鹿，可以撥打254111033900這個(gè)電話。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第二行It'srebuilteveryyear，openinginNovemberandclosinginApril.（每年重建，11月開，4月關(guān)。）可知客人可以在1月入住酒店。故選D。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格第三行Sopeoplecansleepunderthestars.（所以人們能在星空下睡覺。）可知在這個(gè)酒店可以觀星。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格第四行Guestscanwatchsealifeinthebedroom.Evenatnight，theycanturnonspeciallightsoutsidethewindowstowatchnight﹣timesealife.（客人可以在臥室看到海洋生物。甚至在晚上，他們可以打開窗外特殊的燈來觀看晚間的海洋生物。）可知客人可以在theMantaResortHotel看到晚上的海洋生物。故選D。（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段herearesomeoftheworld'smostamazinghotels（下面是世界上一些令人驚嘆的酒店）可知本篇文章主要介紹酒店，與旅行有關(guān)。故選A。12．（10分）DuringtheNorthernSongDynasty（北宋）（960﹣1127），therelivedamancalledYangShi.Hedevoted（奉獻(xiàn)）hiswholelifetostudy，andtospreading（傳播）hisideasandtheories.Oneday，YangShiandhisclassmate，YouZuo，gotintoadiscussionaboutonething，andtheycouldn'tagreewitheachother.Sotheydecidedtoasktheirteacher，ChengYi，forhelp.Ithappenedtobethedeepwinter.Astheymadetheirway，averycoldwindblewstrongly，andtheheavysnowbegantofall.Thewindcuttheirfaceslikeaknifeandthesnowkeptgettinginsidetheirclothes.Buttheyjustcaredabouttheirproblem，andtheycontinuedwalkinginthesnow.WhentheyreachedChengYi'shouse，theyfoundhimsittingbythefireandsleeping.YangShiandYouZuodidn'twanttowakeuptheirteacher，sotheystoodoutsidethedoorwaitingforhimtowakeup.Thesnowkeptfalling，thickerandthicker.Thoughtheyshivered（哆嗦）withcold，theystillstoodrespectfully（尊敬地）there.Alltheycouldhearwasthesoundofthefallingsnow.Severaltimes，YouZuo，unabletostandthecold，wantedtowakeuptheirteacher，buteachtimeYangShistoppedhim.Afteralongtime，ChengYiwokeup.Hesawthetwomenstandinginthesnow，coveredinsnow.Lookingclosely，herealizedthattheywereYangShiandYouZuo.Theteacherinvitedtheminsideatonce.Thewell﹣knownstorytellsushowYangShirespectedhisteacher.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）YangShiandYouZuoweretheDofChengYi.A.neighborsB.friendsC.teachersD.students（2）Whydidtheycontinuewalkingthoughitsnowedheavily？CA.BecausetheymissedChengYisomuch.B.Becausetheycouldnotfeeltheicycold.C.BecausetheyreallywantedtoaskChengYiforhelp.D.BecausetheywantedtohavedinneratChengYi'shouse.（3）WhatwasChengYidoingwhentheygottothehouse？BA.Hewasmakingafireforthem.B.Hewassleepingbythefire.C.Hewasreadingabookbythefire.D.Hewaswaitingforthem.（4）FromParagraph4，weknowC.A.YangShireallyenjoyedthefallingsnow.B.YangShiwasafraidoffacingChengYi.C.YangShiwantedtoshowhisrespectforChengYi.D.ChengYiaskedYangShiandYouZuotostandoutside（5）What'sthebesttitleforthestoryinChinese？AA.程門立雪B.雪中送炭C.囊螢映雪D.雪上加霜【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Oneday，YangShiandhisclassmate，YouZuo，gotintoadiscussionaboutonething，andtheycouldn'tagreewitheachother.Sotheydecidedtoasktheirteacher，ChengYi，forhelp.（一天，楊時(shí)和他的同學(xué)游酢就一件事展開了討論，他們意見不一。所以他們決定向他們的老師程頤尋求幫助。）可知，楊時(shí)和游酢是程頤的學(xué)生。故選D。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Astheymadetheirway，averycoldwindblewstrongly，andtheheavysnowbegantofall.Thewindcuttheirfaceslikeaknifeandthesnowkeptgettinginsidetheirclothes.Buttheyjustcaredabouttheirproblem，andtheycontinuedwalkinginthesnow.（當(dāng)他們走在路上時(shí)，一陣非常寒冷的風(fēng)刮了過來，并開始下大雪。風(fēng)像刀子一樣割著他們的臉，雪不停地鉆進(jìn)他們的衣服里。但是他們只是關(guān)心他們的問題，他們繼續(xù)在雪中行走。）可知，盡管雪下得很大，他們還要繼續(xù)走是因?yàn)樗麄冋娴暮芟胝页填U幫忙。故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段WhentheyreachedChengYi'shouse，theyfoundhimsittingbythefireandsleeping.（當(dāng)他們到達(dá)程頤的家時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)他正坐在火邊睡覺。）可知，當(dāng)他們到家時(shí)，程頤在爐火旁睡覺。故選B。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段YangShiandYouZuodidn'twanttowakeuptheirteacher，sotheystoodoutsidethedoorwaitingforhimtowakeup.（楊時(shí)和游酢不想叫醒他們的老師，所以他們站在門外等他醒來。）可知，從第四段，我們知道：楊時(shí)想表達(dá)他對(duì)程頤的尊重。故選C。（5）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章講述北宋時(shí)期，楊時(shí)和游酢因?qū)W術(shù)問題意見不合，決定請(qǐng)教老師程頤。他們冒著嚴(yán)寒和大雪前往程頤家，為不打擾老師休息，在門外等待。盡管寒冷難耐，楊時(shí)阻止了游酢叫醒老師的提議。最終程頤醒來，發(fā)現(xiàn)二人立于雪中，便立即邀請(qǐng)他們進(jìn)屋。這個(gè)故事展示了楊時(shí)對(duì)老師的尊敬，可知，這個(gè)故事最好的中文標(biāo)題是：程門立雪。故選A。13．（10分）Everyonehastheirfavoritefood.Thinkaboutyourfavoritefood.Doyouwonderwhyyourfavoritefoodtastessogood？Theanswerisaboutyourtongueandnose.Therearesometastebuds（味蕾）onyourtongue.Theygiveyouthesenseoftaste.Howdothetastebudswork？Infact，theyhavemanytinyhairsonthem.Thesetinyhairssendmessagestoyourbrainaboutthetastesofdifferentfood.Inthisway，youknowwhetheritissweet，sour，bitterorsalty.Apersonhasabout10，000tastebuds.Theykeepworkingallthetimewhenweenjoyourfood.Thetastebudsdon'talwaysstaythesame.Theyarereplacedabouteverytwoweeks.However，asapersongetsolder，someofthesetastebudsdon'tgetreplaced.Anolderpersonmayonlyhave5，000workingtastebuds.That'swhysomefoodmaytastestrongerforyouthanitdoesforanolderperson.Besidesyourtongue，yournosealsohelpsyoulearnaboutthetasteoffood.Sometimes，strongsmellcanevenconfuse（混淆）yoursenseoftaste.Tryholdinganonionunderyournosewhileeatinganapple，theapplemusttasteterrible.Sothenexttimeyouenjoysaltypizzaandsweeticecream，thankyourtongueandyournose.Withoutthem，youwon'thaveanysenseoftasteatal!Withoutthesenseoftaste，lifewillbeboring!根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。（1）Howdotastebudssendmessagestoourbrainsaccordingtothepassage？CA.Byusingourtongues.B.Byusingournoses.C.Byusingthesmallhairsonthem.D.Byusingoureyes.（2）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"arereplaced"meaninChinese？AA.被更新B.被啟動(dòng)C.被顯示D.被占領(lǐng)（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？DA.Anonioncanhelpmakethetasteofanapplebetter.B.Mostoldpeoplehavestrongertastebudsthantheyoung.C.Alltheoldpeople'stastebudswillgetreplacedaftersometime.D.Youngpeopleandoldpeoplemayhavedifferentideasonthetasteofthesamefood.（4）Whichistheproperstructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）ofthepassage？CA.①②→③④⑤B.①②→③→④⑤C.①→②③→④→⑤D.①→②③→④⑤（5）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus？BA.Ourfavoritefood.B.Howwecantastefood.C.Theuseoftongue.D.Thedifferenttasteoffood.【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段.owdothetastebudswork？Infact，theyhavemanytinyhairsonthem.Thesetinyhairssendmessagestoyourbrainaboutthetastesofdifferentfood.（味蕾是如何工作的？事實(shí)上，在它們上面有很多微小的毛發(fā)。這些毛發(fā)會(huì)向你的大腦發(fā)送關(guān)于不同食物味道的信息。）可知，味蕾通過微小的毛發(fā)向大腦傳遞食物的味道信息。故選C。（2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段Thetastebudsdon'talwaysstaythesame.（味蕾并不總是保持不變。）和abouteverytwoweeks（大約每兩周）可知，arereplaced應(yīng)該表示"被更新"。故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段That'swhysomefoodmaytastestrongerforyouthanitdoesforanolderperson.（那就是為什么有些食物對(duì)你來說可能比對(duì)老年人來說味道更濃。）可知，年輕人和老年人對(duì)同一種食物可能有不同的看法是正確的。故選D。（4）篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出主題；第二段和第三段介紹了舌頭上的味蕾是如何工作的及人們的味蕾的更新情況；第四段介紹了鼻子能幫人們了解食物的味道；第五段總結(jié)舌頭和鼻子的作用。所以本文結(jié)構(gòu)如圖C所示。故選C。（5）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Doyouwonderwhyyourfavoritefoodtastessogood？Theanswerisaboutyourtongueandnose.（你想知道你最喜歡的食物為什么嘗如此美味嗎？答案是關(guān)于你的舌頭和鼻子。）及全文可知，文章主要告訴我們是如何品嘗出美味的食物的。故選B。四、信息還原14．（10分）Somepeopleskidownmountains.Othersclimbhugerocksortakephotosofdangerousanimals.（1）DThrillseekers（刺激追尋者）Somepeopletakeriskssimplybecauseitmakesthemfeelgood，forexample，thrillseekers.Thrillseekersgetboredeasily.（2）ETheylovethefeelingofriskandwanttoexperienceitasoftenaspossible.Goal﹣drivenrisk﹣takersSomepeopledon'ttakerisksforthethrillbuttoachieveagoal.Forexample，scientistMikeFaywentonadangerous2，000﹣miletripincentralAfrica.（3）CFay'striphelpedcreate13nationalparks.Professionalrisk﹣takersForotherpeople，suchasextremeathletes（極限運(yùn)動(dòng)員），takingrisksispartoftheirjob.Inadangerousactivitysuchasskydiving（跳傘），mostpeopleprobablydonotfeelincontrol.Extremeathletesaredifferent：Theyfeelincontrolindangeroussituations.（4）AForexample，skierDaronRahlvessaysthatbeingafraidmakeshimtryhardertosucceed.Everydayrisk﹣takersMostofusarenotextremeathletesorexplorers.（5）BSomeofustakesocialrisks，suchasspeakinginfrontofalargegroupofpeople，ortalkingtopeoplewedon'tknowataparty.Sometimeswetakecareer（職業(yè)）risks，suchasleavingajoborstartingabusiness.Mostpeopletakerisksinsomeareasoflife，butnotinothers.根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。A.Thedangercanevenhelpthem.B.However，westilltakerisksinourlives.C.Heworkedtohelpsavethewildlifethere.D.Whydopeopleenjoyriskyactivitieslikethese？E.Sotheyarealwayslookingforchangeandexcitement.【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)上文Somepeopleskidownmountains.Othersclimbhugerocksortakephotosofdangerousanimals.（有些人從山上滑雪下來。其他人攀登巨大的巖石或拍攝危險(xiǎn)動(dòng)物的照片。）可知，空處承接上文說明為什么人們喜歡這些冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)。D選項(xiàng)"為什么人們喜歡這些冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng)？"符合語境，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)上文Thrillseekersgetboredeasily.（尋求刺激的人很容易厭倦。）可知，空處應(yīng)是說明他們總是在尋找變化和興奮。故E選項(xiàng)"所以他們總是在尋找變化和興奮。"符合語境。故選E。（3）