高中英語語法基礎-被動語態(tài)和同步練習 (有參考答案)

高中英語語法基礎——被動語態(tài)講解與同步訓練

一、被動語態(tài)的基本形式

1.被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化

被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式，被動語態(tài)由be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而

變化。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：

1)am/is/are+done(過去分詞)一般現(xiàn)在時+被動語態(tài)

Visitors(request)nottotouchtheexhibits.

2)was/weredone一般過去時+被動語態(tài)

I(give)tenminutestodecidewhichIshouldchoose.

3)has/havebeendone現(xiàn)在完成時+被動語態(tài)

Allthepreparations(complete).

4)hadbeendone過去完成時+被動語態(tài)

Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgym(complete)inBeijing.

5)am/is/aredeingdone現(xiàn)在進行時+被動語態(tài)

Anewcinema(build)here.

6)was/werebeingdone過去進行時+被動語態(tài)

Ameeting(hold)whenIwasthere.

7)shall/willbedone一般將來時+被動語態(tài)

Hundredsofjobs(lose)ifthefactorycloses.

8)should/wouldbedone過去將來時+被動語態(tài)

Thenews(send)tothesoldier'smother.

9)shall/willhavebeendone將來完成時+被動語態(tài)

Theproject(complete)beforeJuly.

10)should/wouldhavebeendone過去將來完成時+被動語態(tài)

Hetoldmethathisnewclothes(make)verysoon.

2.被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式

1）、帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動詞+be+done（過去分詞）

Thebabyshould（take）goodcareofbythebaby-sitter.

2）、在使役動詞have,make,get以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,hear,等后面不定式作賓

語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加too

Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.?

3）、非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)：being+done或tobe+done

Idon'tlike（laugh）atinthepublic.

Idon'twant（laugh）atinthepublic.

4）、Itissaidthat+從句及其他類似句型

一些表示“據(jù)說”的動詞如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型

“It+is/was+過去分詞+that從句”或"主語+be+過去分詞+todosth.''。有：Itissaidthat...

據(jù)說Jtisreportedthat...據(jù)報道,Itisbelievedthat…大家相信,Itishopedthat…大家希望,It

iswel1knownthat…眾所周知,Itisthoughtthat...大家認為,Itissuggestedthat…據(jù)建議。Itis

saidthattheboyhaspassedtheexam./Theboyissaidtohavepassedtheexam.

二、謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義

1、英語中有很多動詞如lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等，當它們被用作不及物動詞

來描述主語特征時，常用其主動形式表達被動意義，主語通常是物。

Thiskindofclothwasheswell.

注意：主動語態(tài)表被動強調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動語態(tài)則強調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。

試比較：

Thedoorwon'tlock.（指門本身有毛?。?/p>

Thedoorwon*tbelocked.（指不會有人來鎖門，指“門沒有鎖”是人的原因）

2、系動詞沒有被動形式，但有些表示感受、感官的連系動詞feel,sound,taste,

look,smell常以主動形式表示被動意義。

Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.

三、非謂語動詞的主動形式表被動意義

1、在need,want,require等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當于動

詞不定式的被動形式。

Thehouseneedsrepairing(toberepaired).這房子需要修理。

2、形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義，但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy

后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。

Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading.(=Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead.)

3、在too…to...結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語，所以應用主動形式表示被動意義。

Thisbookistooexpensive(forme)tobuy.

被動語態(tài)同步練習:

()1.Itissaidthatanewrobot____byhiminafewdays

A.designedB.hasbeendesigned

C.willbedesignedD.willhavebeendesigned

()2.Shewillstopshowingoffifnonoticeofher.

A.istakenB.takesC.willbetakenD.hastaken

()3.DiamondinBrazilin1971.

A.isfoundB.hasbeenfoundC.wasfoundD.hadbeenfound

()4.“Haveyoumovedintothenewflat?”"Notyet.Theroom

A.hasbeenpaintedB.ispaintedC.paintsD.isbeingpainted

()5.MypicturesuntilnextFriday.

A.won'tdevelopB.aren'tdeveloped

C.don'tdevelopD.won11bedeveloped

()6.Tim____sincehelosthisjobthreeweeksago.

A.hadbeenunemployedB.wasunemployed

C.hasbeenunemployedD.hasunemployed

)7.I'llpushthecartothesideoftheroadbecausewe____ifweleaveithere.

A.wouldbefinedB.willbefined

C.willbeingfinedD.willhavebeenfined

()8.1foundabottledroppedonthefloorofDavid'sroom.

A.wasB.hadC.hadbeenD.is

()9.Yououghttohaveputthemilkintherefrigerator.Nowsou匚

A.IsmellB.itissmeltC.itsmellsD.itissmelling

()10.1thinkmuchattentionyourpronunciation.

A.mustbepaidtoB.oughttobepaid

C.mustpaytoD.shouldpaidto

()11.1don*trememberthechancetotrythismethod.

A.havingbeengivenB.tohavebeengiven

C.havinggivenD.tohavegiven

()12.Theconstructionofthelabbytheendofnextmonth.

A.mustbecompletingB.musthavebeencompleted

C.willbecompletingD.willhavebeencompleted

()13.Asweapproachedtheworksite,theworkerswereseenthenewhouse.

A.buildingB.buildC.builtD.tobuild

()14.Thecompositionanymore.

A.neednottobecorrectedB.doesn'tneed