浙江省衢州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷

秘密★啟用前衢州市2024年1月高一年級教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試卷注意事項：1．全卷分試卷和答題卷。考試結(jié)束后，將答題卷上交。2．試卷共8頁，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。3．請將答案做在答題卷的相應(yīng)位置上，寫在試卷上無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howwillthespeakerstravelfirst?A.Onfoot. B.Bycar. C.Bybus.【答案】B【解析】原文】W:Iheardtheroadisreallyterrible,soit’simpossibleforustogettherebybus.M:Yes.We’lldrivetothenearesthut,andthenwe’llwalktothedestinationfromthere.W:IthinkIneedtoputonmyhikingboots.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhichsubjectisthemostdifficultforTom?A.Physics. B.History. C.Chemistry.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whatisthemostchallengingsubjectforyou,Tom?M:Physicsandchemistryaredifficult,butinhistory,therearemanydatestoremember.Ithinkit’sthemostchallenging.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchdoesthemanusuallypayfortelephoneservicespermonth?A.About$20. B.About$30. C.About$50.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:John,howmuchdoyoupayforelectricityandtelephoneservices?M:Myelectricitybillisabout30dollarsamonth,andmytelephonebillisusually20dollarsmorethanelectricitybill.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclothingstore. B.Athome. C.Atschool.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howaboutthisshirt?Wouldyouliketotryiton?M:Idon’tlikethecolor.I’dliketotrythiswhiteone,andIdefinitelyneedashirtforgraduation.Howmuchisit?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatwillthemanprobablydofortheChineseNewYear?A.Visithisaunt. B.Studyathome. C.TraveltoNewYork.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:AreyougoingsomewherefortheChineseNewYear?W:IthoughtaboutgoingtovisitmyauntinNewYork.Howaboutyou?M:I’llprobablyjuststudyathomesinceitisverycoldthosedays.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatwasthemandoingjustnow?A.Goingshopping. B.Workingathisoffice. C.Repairingthedoor.7.WhomightTombe?A.Mary’shusband. B.Mary’sboss. C.Mary’sgrandfather.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Dad?M:Oh,Mary!Howareyou?Isthereanythingwrong?W:No.IjustmissyouandMom.It’sbeenquitealongtimesinceIsawyoulasttime.M:Oh,we’rebothfine.Yourmomisinthenewshoppingcenter.Ihavejustfinishedrepairingthefrontdoor.How’slittleBilly?W:Billystaysathometoday.Hehasacold,butit’snotserious.M:That’sgood.HowisTom?W:He’sfine.HelikeshisworkandwasgivenaraiselastmonthbyMr.Brown.Wewereveryhappyaboutthat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whydoesn’tthemanlikewatchingbasketballgames?A.Therearefewtalentedplayers.B.Therearelotsofadvertisements.C.Therearefewbasketballgamesinhiscity.9.Whatcanwesayabouttheman?A.Hardworking. B.Confident. C.Anxious.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】W:Iwonderwhyyoudon’tlikewatchingbasketballgameswhileyoulikeplayingit.M:Well,thestreetsinourcityhavebeenfilledwithadvertisementsfortheNBA.Youcanseethemeverywhere.Theyannoyme.W:Buttherearesomanytalentedplayersthere.It’sapleasuretowatchthemplaygames.M:Themoreyouseethem,themoreyougrowboredofthem.Besides,wecandothose,too.W:Ha!I’mnotquitesureaboutthat!ButIhavetosayyouareaverygoodplayer.M:IknowI’mnotbadandIbelieveIwillbeeaprofessionalbasketballplayerinthefuture.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whatsportstodo. B.Whentohaveatrip. C.Howtospendtheirweekend.11.Whathappenedtothemaninthelastfishingtrip?A.Hehurthisarm.B.Helosthisboots(靴子).C.Hedidn’tgetanyfish.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Goingclimbing. B.Playinggames. C.Goingfishing.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:It’sFridayfinally!Let’sdosomethingfunthisweekend,dear.Wecangototheparkforapicnic.M:Itwillbetoohot,andit’stooboring.W:Howaboutmountainbiking?It’smyfavorite.M:Thatsoundsgreat,butI’mafraidtobreakmyarmasIdidlasttime.W:OK.Howaboutfishing?Rememberthelastfishingtrip?Icaught10fish.M:Yeah.Iremember.AndtheonlythingIcaughtwasanoldboot.Justforgetit.W:Well.Whatdoyouwanttodo?M:Howaboutstayingathomeandplayingputergames?W:Youwon’tbreakyourarmorgetboredthistimeWeshouldgooutsideanddosomesports.Stayingathomeallthetimeisnotgoodforourhealth.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.WhatdoesSarahthinkofRedBull?A.Abitexpensive. B.Quiteuseful. C.Verysweet.14.WhatwouldSarahliketodrinkafterplayingsports?A.Sodawater. B.RedBull. C.Chocolatemilk.15.WhatdoweknowaboutTom’sMilkachocolate?A.Itwasboughtfromtheairport.B.ItwasTom’sfavoritechocolate.CItwasbroughtbyTom’ssister.16.HowdoesSarahsoundintheend?A.Worried. B.Upset. C.Surprised.【答案】13.C14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Tom,Iwonderwhatdrinksyouwilltakewhenyouexercisetoomuch?I’mlookingforsomethingtokeepmeawakeatnight.M:Sarah,youwanttowatchbasketballgames,right?Well,forthispurpose,IthinkRedBullisthebest.W:Really?Hm,I’vetrieditseveraltimes,butitdoesn’tworkforme.Besides,Ialsofinditverysweet.M:Yes,that’strue.Theyputalotofsugarinit.Butitissugarthatgivesusenergy.W:Idon’tknow.Iprefertohavesomethingsalty,orevenbitter,suchassodawater.I’mnotabigfanofchocolate,orcakes.M:That’sapity.Ihaveabigbarofchocolateinmybag,andIwasthinkingofsharingitwithyou.W:Oh,OK.Icantakesome.Ihaven’teatenanythingthewholeday.Ifeeltiredandsleepy…Whatchocolateisit?M:It’scalledMilka,anditoriginatedinSwitzerland.It’smysister’sfavoritechocolate.Myfatherboughtitfromtheairportyesterday.W:Great.Thanks.Wow,it’ssotasty!Ilikeit!Doyouthinkit’spossibletofinditinothershopsaroundtown?聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatisanadvantageoflearningidioms(習(xí)語)accordingtothespeaker?A.ItcanimproveyourEnglishtestscores.B.Itcanmakeyousoundlikeanativespeaker.C.Itcanincreaseyourknowledgeaboutanimals.18.Whichidiommeansbeingpatient?A.Nestegg. B.Holdyourhorse. C.Dogdays.19.Whatdayisittoday?A.Sunday. B.Saturday. C.Friday.20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnextweek?A.Colors. B.Animals. C.Food.【答案】17.B18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Goodevening,boysandgirls.WeletoourDailyEnglish.Doyourememberwhatwetalkedaboutlastweek?Yes,Britishfoodculture.Today,ourtopicisEnglishidioms(習(xí)語).Englishidioms,proverbs,andexpressionsareimportantpartsofeverydayEnglish.TheyeupallthetimeinbothwrittenandspokenEnglish.Becauseidiomsdon’talwaysmakesenseliterally,youneedtobefamiliarwiththemeaningandusageofeachidiom.Itmayseemlikealotofwork,butlearningidiomsisalsoveryinteresting.What’smore,learningtousemonidiomsandexpressionswillhelpyousoundlikeanativespeaker,soit’sagoodideatomastersomeoftheseexpressions.Forexample,doyouknowwhatthemeaningof“dogdays”is?Itmeansveryhotdays.Thephrase“holdyourhorse”meanswaitingandbeingpatient.“Pigout”meanseatingalotofthings.“Nestegg”meansthemoneysavedforthefuture.Canyoufindthesimilarityoftheseidioms?Today,thoseidiomsareconnectedwithanimals.NextFriday,wewilltalkaboutidiomsaboutcolors.Ihopeyouhaveahappyweekend!第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。AStreetartisalwayssomethingIlookoutforwhenItravel.Attheverybeginning,streetartwasameanstosharesocialmentsorpoliticalideas,butnowit’sincreasinglyusedinmanyplacesaroundtheworldtobeautifytheenvironment,sometimesbeingpopulartouristattractions.Here’smycollectionofstreetartaroundtheworld.Amsterdam,theNetherlandsMyhometownhasplentyoffantasticstreetart.YoucanfindsomecoolpiecesintheJordaanneighborhoodandintheNorthandWestpartsofthecity.OneplaceyouabsolutelyhavetovisitinAmsterdamistheSTRAATMuseuminAmsterdamNorth.ThismuseumhouseshugemuralscreatedbyartistsfromaroundtheworldinanoldindustrialwarehouseandisarichadditiontotheAmsterdamstreetartscene.Bristol,UnitedKingdomThebirthplaceofBanksy,oneoftheworld’smostfamousstreetartists,Bristolisanotheroftheworld’sgreatstreetartcities.Youcanfindstreetartacrossthecityonbuildings,streetsandbridges.TheannualUpfest,intheBedminstersuburb,duringwhichartistsfromaroundtheworldareinvitedtocreatestreetartonhousesandbuildings,isapopularattraction.RiodeJaneiro,BrazilRiodeJaneiroalsohasafantasticstreetartscene.Forthe2016OlympicGames,thecityinvitedfamousBrazilianstreetartist,Kobra,tocreatetheworld’sbiggestmuralalongtheOlympicBoulevard.Theresultissimplyamazing!ClickheretoseestreetartinRiodeJaneiro,ormyphotosofRiodeJaneiro.21.Whydidpeoplecreatestreetartatfirst?A.Topractisepaintingskills. B.Toshowsocialorpoliticalopinions.C.Tobeautifytheenvironment. D.Todrawtouristsathomeandabroad.22.Whatisamustseestreetartattractionintheauthor’shometown?A.TheOlympicBoulevardinRio. B.ThebirthplaceofBanksyinBristol.C.TheannualUpfestinBedminster. D.TheSTRAATMuseuminAmsterdam.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anartwebsite. B.Aresearchpaper. C.Atravelmagazine. D.Ahistorytextbook.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個國家的街頭藝術(shù)景點?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Attheverybeginning,streetartwasameanstosharesocialmentsorpoliticalideas,butnowit’sincreasinglyusedinmanyplacesaroundtheworldtobeautifytheenvironment,sometimesbeingpopulartouristattractions.(一開始，街頭藝術(shù)是一種分享社會評論或政治觀點的手段，但現(xiàn)在它在世界各地的許多地方越來越多地用于美化環(huán)境，有時成為熱門的旅游景點。)”可知，起初人們創(chuàng)作街頭藝術(shù)是為了展示社會或政治觀點。故選B項?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Amsterdam,theNetherlands部分中“Myhometownhasplentyoffantasticstreetart.YoucanfindsomecoolpiecesintheJordaanneighborhoodandintheNorthandWestpartsofthecity.OneplaceyouabsolutelyhavetovisitinAmsterdamistheSTRAATMuseuminAmsterdamNorth.(我的家鄉(xiāng)有很多奇妙的街頭藝術(shù)。你可以在約旦附近以及城市的北部和西部找到一些很酷的東西。阿姆斯特丹北部的STRAAT博物館是你一定要去的地方。)”可知，在作者的家鄉(xiāng)，阿姆斯特丹的STRAAT博物館是必看的街頭藝術(shù)景點。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了三個國家的街頭藝術(shù)景點，再根據(jù)文章最后一段“Clickheretosee

streetartinRiodeJaneiro,ormyphotosofRiodeJaneiro.(點擊這里看里約熱內(nèi)盧的街頭藝術(shù)，或者我在里約熱內(nèi)盧的照片。)”可推知，本文很可能出自一個藝術(shù)網(wǎng)站。故選A項。BTherearetimesinlifewhenwedon’thavetheenergytogetthroughourproblemsorthestrengthtopushahead.That’swhenourfriendscarryus.Theyremindusthatwearenotalone—theystandwithandfortus.Evenwhensomefriendsdon’talwaysknowhowbesttohelp,theywanttobethereforus.AuthorParkerJ.Palmerinhisbook,LetYourLifeSpeak,sharesaboutthetimehewasbattlingdepression(抑郁).Herecallsthatsomepeoplewhovisitedhimtriedtocheerhimup.“It’sabeautifulday.Whydon’tyougooutandsoakupsomesunshineandlookattheflowers?”Althoughheunderstoodtheirpurpose,itmadehimmoredepressed.Othersremindedhimthathewasateacherandwriterwhohadhelpedsomanypeople.“Trytorememberallthegoodyou’vedoneandsurelyyou’llfeelbetter.”Thatadvice,too,lefthimdepressed.Thentherewerethosewhohadthecouragetostandwithhiminsimpleandhealingways.OnewasaguynamedBillwhoaskedParker’spermissiontovisithimintheafternoons.BillwouldsitParkerinthechair,kneelinfrontofhim,removehisshoesandsocksandforhalfanhour,massage(按摩)hisfeet.BillhadfoundtheonlyplaceinParker’sbodywherehecouldstillexperiencefeelingsandreconnectwiththehumanrace.Billwouldsimplydothisandsayverylittle.Whenhetalked,hewouldnotgiveadvicebutmirrorParker’sfeelings.ThissimpleactofcarewaswhatcarriedParkerthroughhisdarktime.Wearethankfulforthefriendswhositwithusineasyandhealingways.Andwearethankfulfortheopportunitytobethatfriend,toofferourpresencetothosewhoarehurting,sick,battlingdepression,sufferinggreatpainandmore.Maythepathwaysoflove,patienceandkindnessleadustofriendswhoaresuffering.Andoncethere,evenifweareunsureofwhattodo,wecansimplybepresent.24.Accordingtoparagraph2,howdidParkerfindhisfriends’waystocheerhimup?A.Nicebutunhelpful. B.Warmbutoldfashioned.C.Simplebutcreative. D.Kindbutunimaginative.25.WhateffectdidBill’smassagehaveonParker?A.Itreducedhisphysicalpain. B.Itencouragedhimtotakeadvice.C.Ithelpedhimreconnectwiththeworld. D.Itgavehimprofessionalmedicalcare.26.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedotohelpourfriends?A.Bethankfultothem. B.Keepthempany.C.Bequicktorespond. D.Offerpracticaladvice.27.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowtoWinoverPeopleandMakeFriendsB.TheBenefitofFriendshipsinBattlingDepressionC.TheGreatPowerofSimplyBeingPresentforaFriendD.WhyFriendscanCarryYouThroughYourDarkestTimes【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文?；加幸钟舭Y的ParkerJ.Palmer只因為朋友簡單地陪伴而緩解了抑郁癥，文章以此為例證明了出現(xiàn)在朋友面前簡單地陪伴這個小動作的重要性?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Althoughheunderstoodtheirpurpose,itmadehimmoredepressed.Othersremindedhimthathewasateacherandwriterwhohadhelpedsomanypeople.“Trytorememberallthegoodyou’vedoneandsurelyyou’llfeelbetter.”Thatadvice,too,lefthimdepressed.(雖然明白他們的目的，但這卻讓他更加郁悶了。其他人提醒他，他是一位幫助了很多人的老師和作家?！霸囍涀∧阕鲞^的所有好事，你肯定會感覺好一些?！边@個建議也讓他感到沮喪。)”可推知，Parker認(rèn)為他的朋友們讓他高興起來的方法很好，但是沒有用，故選A?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“BillwouldsitParkerinthechair,kneelinfrontofhim,removehisshoesandsocksandforhalfanhour,massage(按摩)hisfeet.BillhadfoundtheonlyplaceinParker’sbodywherehecouldstillexperiencefeelingsandreconnectwiththehumanrace.(比爾會讓帕克坐在椅子上，跪在他面前，脫掉他的鞋子和襪子，按摩他的腳半個小時。比爾在帕克體內(nèi)找到了唯一能讓他體驗感情并與人類重新建立聯(lián)系的地方)”可知，比爾對帕克的按摩幫助他重新與世界建立聯(lián)系。故選C?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Andwearethankfulfortheopportunitytobethatfriend,toofferourpresencetothosewhoarehurting,sick,battlingdepression,sufferinggreatpainandmore...Andoncethere,evenifweareunsureofwhattodo,wecansimplybepresent.(我們感謝有機會成為那個朋友，向那些正在受傷、生病、與抑郁作斗爭、遭受巨大痛苦等的人們提供我們的陪伴……一旦到達(dá)那里，即使我們不確定該做什么，我們也可以只是出現(xiàn)在那里)”可知，作者建議我們陪伴朋友，以此來幫助他們，故選B?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“Therearetimesinlifewhenwedon’thavetheenergytogetthroughourproblemsorthestrengthtopushahead.That’swhenourfriendscarryus.Theyremindusthatwearenotalone—theystandwithandfortus.(生活中有時我們沒有精力解決問題，也沒有力量繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。那時我們的朋友載著我們。他們提醒我們，我們并不孤單——他們與我們站在一起并安慰我們。)”可知，第一段提出了朋友陪伴我們讓我們感到并不孤單，接著文章以患有抑郁癥的ParkerJ.Palmer為例，第二段指出一些朋友來安慰他但是沒有緩解他的抑郁癥，第三段介紹了朋友Bill通過簡單的陪伴緩解了ParkerJ.Palmer的抑郁癥，最后一段中的“Andwearethankfulfortheopportunitytobethatfriend,toofferourpresencetothosewhoarehurting,sick,battlingdepression,sufferinggreatpainandmore...Andoncethere,evenifweareunsureofwhattodo,wecansimplybepresent.(我們感謝有機會成為那個朋友，向那些正在受傷、生病、與抑郁作斗爭、遭受巨大痛苦等的人們提供我們的陪伴……一旦到達(dá)那里，即使我們不確定該做什么，我們也可以只是出現(xiàn)在那里)”可知，最后一段作者呼吁我們要陪伴朋友，哪怕只是出現(xiàn)在朋友面前。由此可知，文章主要介紹了出現(xiàn)在朋友面前簡單地陪伴這個小動作的重要性，C項“只是出現(xiàn)在朋友面前會帶來偉大的力量”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選C。CIftherewastobeapraisetothefrog,itwouldhavetocontainonenewpieceofinformation:itsabilitytopredictearthquakes.Ascientificstudyhassuggestedthattheyescapeanareajustbeforesuchdisasterstrikes.Theevidence,publishedyesterdayintheJournalofZoology,centersonapopulationofbreeding(繁殖)frogsinItaly.Itseemsthat,afewyearsago,thesecreatureshadsuddenlyescapedfromtheirhomefivedaysbeforeanearthquakestrucktheirbreedingground.Thefrogs’abilitytosensetheearthquakeisnotfullyunderstood,but96percentofmalefrogsescapedandreturnedadayafterthedangerhadpassed.ThisdiscoverybaffledDr.RachelGrant,whohadn’tsetouttolearnaboutfrogs’reactionstoearthquakes,buttostudytheeffectofthelunarcycleonthem.Shenowbelievesthatfrogsmaybeabletosensesomesignsandusethemasanearlywarningsystemforearthquakes.Frogsarenottheonlycreaturesbornwithanunusualpowertopredictnaturaldisasters.In2004,elephantsinThailandmadeloudnoisesbeforethetsunamihit,whilebatsinSriLankaflewaroundinanxietybeforethedisaster.Whilemostoftheseanimalwarningshavebeenignored,therearetimeswhentheyhavebeennoticed.In1975,scientistsinHaicheng,China,noticedunusualbehaviorinthecity’sdogsandcats.Theydemandedtheevacuationofthecity,expectingamajordisaster.Theirwarningcamefiveandahalfhoursbeforeanearthquakestruck,resultingin2,000deaths.Withouttheevacuation,another150,000peoplecouldhavebeenkilled.“Therearethingswecan’tseeandsoundswecan’thear.Butmanyanimalscan.Thereisasensecalledelectroperceptionthatfishandsharksusetoformapicturearoundthem,whiledolphinsandbatsusesonartofindtheirwayaround,”saysProfessorDanielMills,anexpertinanimalbehavioratLincolnUniversity.28.Accordingtoparagraph3,DrRachelGrantwas______aboutthefrogs’unusualbehaviorA.worried B.confused C.disappointed D.anxious29.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph4?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byexplainingcauses. D.Bypresentingcontrasts.30.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheearthquakeinHaicheng?A.Tostresstheseriousnessofthedisaster. B.Topraisethegovernment’stimelyaction.C.Todescribeasuccessfulevacuationinhistory. D.Toshowthebenefitofnoticinganimalwarnings.31.WhatareProf.DanielMills’swordsmainlyabout?A.Whyanimalscansensedisasters. B.Whathisstudywillfocusonnext.C.Howhumanslearnabouttheworld. D.Howanimalsbehavebeforedisasters.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了動物預(yù)測自然災(zāi)害的能力，特別是青蛙預(yù)測地震的能力?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThisdiscoverybaffledDr.RachelGrant,whohadn’tsetouttolearnaboutfrogs’reactionstoearthquakes,buttostudytheeffectofthelunarcycleonthem.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓雷切爾·格蘭特博士感到困惑，她本來不是要研究青蛙對地震的反應(yīng)，而是要研究月亮周期對它們的影響)”可知，根據(jù)第三段，RachelGrant博士對青蛙的不尋常行為感到困惑。故選B項。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Frogsarenottheonlycreaturesbornwithanunusualpowertopredictnaturaldisasters.In2004,elephantsinThailandmadeloudnoisesbeforethetsunamihit,whilebatsinSriLankaflewaroundinanxietybeforethedisaster.(青蛙并不是唯一一種天生具有預(yù)測自然災(zāi)害能力的生物。2004年，泰國的大象在海嘯來襲前發(fā)出了巨大的聲音，而斯里蘭卡的蝙蝠在災(zāi)難發(fā)生前焦慮地飛來飛去)”可知，本段作者通過舉例2004年泰國的大象和斯里蘭卡的蝙蝠的例子來說明。故選A項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whilemostoftheseanimalwarningshavebeenignored,therearetimeswhentheyhavebeennoticed.In1975,scientistsinHaicheng,China,noticedunusualbehaviorinthecity’sdogsandcats.Theydemandedtheevacuationofthecity,expectingamajordisaster.Theirwarningcamefiveandahalfhoursbeforeanearthquakestruck,resultingin2,000deaths.Withouttheevacuation,another150,000peoplecouldhavebeenkilled.(雖然大多數(shù)動物警告都被忽視了，但有時它們也會被注意到。1975年，中國海城的科學(xué)家注意到該市貓狗的不尋常行為。他們預(yù)計會發(fā)生一場大災(zāi)難，要求撤離這座城市。他們在地震發(fā)生前五個半小時發(fā)出警告，地震造成2000人死亡。如果沒有撤離，可能又會有15萬人喪生)”可知，作者提到海城地震的目的是為了顯示注意動物警告的好處。故選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Therearethingswecan’tseeandsoundswecan’thear.Butmanyanimalscan.Thereisasensecalledelectroperceptionthatfishandsharksusetoformapicturearoundthem,whiledolphinsandbatsusesonartofindtheirwayaround,”saysProfessorDanielMills,anexpertinanimalbehavioratLincolnUniversity.(“有些東西我們看不見，有些聲音我們聽不見。但是很多動物可以。有一種叫做電知覺的感覺，魚和鯊魚用它來形成周圍的圖像，而海豚和蝙蝠用聲納來找到周圍的路，”林肯大學(xué)動物行為專家丹尼爾·米爾斯教授說)”可知，丹尼爾·米爾斯教授的話主要是關(guān)于為什么動物能感知災(zāi)難。故選A項。DAnxiousthinker.Loner.Wallflower.Thesearesomenegativementsfor“introvert”(內(nèi)向者),showingamonmindsetinAmerica.Actuallytheyjustinteractdifferently;theydowellwhengiventimealonetothinkandprefercloseconversations.Americansocietyisruledbythe“ExtrovertIdeal(外向理想型)”:successfulpeopletakerisksandalwaysvoicetheiropinion,whetherornottheyknowwhatthey’redoing.Theproblemisthatpeoplevaluethisidealsomuchthattheyoftenignoremeaningfulopinionsfromthequieterintroverts.Isn’ttheresomethingproblematicabouthavingtogetourthoughtsoutbeforewefinishthinkingaboutthem?OverstressingtheExtrovertIdealcanleadtounwisedecisions.Inonecase,severalintroverts,whotendtobemorecarefulandthinkmore,pointedoutwarningsignalsbeforetheeconomicdownturnof2008.Butthedecisionmakers—oftenthebold,risktakingtypes—ignoredtheiropinion.Peoplesayintrovertsoftenoverthinkeverydecision.Yes,maybewethinkbeforewespeak.Butisthatreallysobad?Ofcourse,socialskillsareimportantforeveryone.Butthemisunderstandingabouthowintrovertsworkcreatesaculturalbias(偏見).Requiredclassparticipationatschooloftenleadstostudentsshoutingoutwhateverthoughtsetotheirmind,toopressuredbytheirparticipationgradetotakethetimeandthinkofameaningfulresponse.DuringtheCovid19quarantine,someofmyclassesstartedusingParlay,awebsitethatallowsfordiscussionsthroughanonymous(匿名的)writtenments.Isawthatmanyofmyclasseswereabletohavedeeperconversationsthisway,freedfromthepressuresofhavingtospeakuponthespot.Soencouragingabalancedvarietyoflearningmethodscanreducetheexistingbias.Societyseemstothinkonlytheloudandoutgoingonescanmakeadifference.ButRosaParkswasknownforbeing“softspoken”and“timid.”Gandhisaid,“Inagentleway,youcanshaketheworld.”Soplease,giveusintrovertsachancetochangetheworldinourownquietway!32.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe“ExtrovertIdeal”?A.Objective. B.Doubtful. C.Favorable. D.Unclear.33.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.ThebenefitoftheExtrovertIdeal. B.Theintroverts’poorsocialskills.C.Theharmofovervaluingextroverts. D.Theextroverts’waysofdecisionmaking.34.Accordingtotheauthor,teacherscanimprovethesituationofintrovertedstudentsby______.A.requiringnoclassparticipation B.providingonlinelearningplatformsC.allowingdifferentlearningstyles D.conductingfreeclassroomdiscussions35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“timid”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Brave. B.Lazy. C.Easygoing. D.Shy.【答案】32.B33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。在美國人們常常對內(nèi)向者有很多負(fù)面評論。但事實上，內(nèi)向者只是互動方式不同。當(dāng)他們有時間獨處思考時，他們會表現(xiàn)得很好，并且更喜歡近距離交談。文章主要介紹了過度推崇外向型人格的危害以及該如何鼓勵內(nèi)向型者?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Americansocietyisruledbythe“ExtrovertIdeal(外向理想型)”:successfulpeopletakerisksandalwaysvoicetheiropinion,whetherornottheyknowwhatthey’redoing.Theproblemisthatpeoplevaluethisidealsomuchthattheyoftenignoremeaningfulopinionsfromthequieterintroverts.(美國社會奉行“外向理想型”：成功人士敢于冒險，總是表達(dá)自己的意見，無論他們是否知道自己在做什么。問題是，人們太看重這種理想，以至于常常忽視安靜內(nèi)向者提出的有意義的意見。)”可知，作者對于“外向理想型”人格持懷疑態(tài)度，故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。第三段第一句話“OverstressingtheExtrovertIdealcanleadtounwisedecisions.(過度強調(diào)外向理想可能會導(dǎo)致不明智的決定。)”是中心句，接著作者舉例子來證明，然后作者表達(dá)了自己的觀點“Butthedecisionmakers—oftenthebold,risktakingtypes—ignoredtheiropinion.Peoplesayintrovertsoftenoverthinkeverydecision.Yes,maybewethinkbeforewespeak.Butisthatreallysobad?(但決策者——通常是大膽、敢于冒險的人——忽視了他們的意見。人們說內(nèi)向的人常常在做每一個決定時都考慮得太多。是的，也許我們在說話之前先思考一下。但這真的那么糟糕嗎？)”，即指出了過度強調(diào)外向型的危害。由此可知，第三段主要介紹了過度強調(diào)外向型的危害。故選C。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Butthemisunderstandingabouthowintrovertsworkcreatesaculturalbias(偏見)...Soencouragingabalancedvarietyoflearningmethodscanreducetheexistingbias.(但對內(nèi)向者如何工作的誤解造成了文化偏見……因此，鼓勵平衡的多種學(xué)習(xí)方法可以減少現(xiàn)有的偏見。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為，教師可以通過允許不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式的存在來改善內(nèi)向?qū)W生的狀況，故選C。【35題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Societyseemstothinkonlytheloudandoutgoingonescanmakeadifference.(社會似乎認(rèn)為只有大聲和外向的人才能有所作為。)”和劃線單詞所在句子“ButRosaParkswasknownforbeing“softspoken”and“timid.”(但羅莎·帕克斯以“說話溫和”和“timid”而聞名)”可知，but前后是轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系，前文提到大聲和外向，后文與之對應(yīng)的應(yīng)為說話溫柔和膽小，即loud和softspoken對應(yīng)，outgoing和timid相對應(yīng)，由此可推知，劃線單詞意為“膽怯的”，與shy(膽小的；害羞的)意思相近，故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。FourTipsforUsingLessPlastic(塑料)Asweallknow,theworldhasaplasticproblem—anditisincreasing.Scientistsareworkingtofindalongtermsolutionbymakingplasticmorebiodegradable(生物可降解的).___36___Quitusingplasticbags.___37___PeopleuseatrillionplasticbagsworldwideeveryyearAbout10percentareusedintheUnitedStatesalone.That’salmostonebagperAmericanperday.Incontrast,theaverageDanishusesfoursingleusebagsperyear.Today,othercountries(suchasGermanyandNewZealand)eithermakecustomerspayforplasticbagsorhavestoppedusingthempletely.___38___Today,around83billionplasticstraws(吸管)pollutetheworld’sbeaches.Sowhenyouorderadrink,saynotothestraw,orbringyourownreusableone.In2018,SeattlebecamethefirstmajorU.S.citytobanplasticstraws,andmanyothercitiesaresettofollowitsexample.Don’tuseplasticbottles.Buyareusablebottleandfillitwithanytypeofdrinkyoulike.Somecities,likeBundanooninAustraliaandSanFranciscointheU.S.,havepletelyorpartially(部分地)startedquittingbottledwater___39___.Avoidplasticpackaging.Buybarsoapinsteadofliquidsoapinplasticcontainers.Don’tbuyfruitorvegetablesinplasticpackaging.___40___Theyalsowanttotaxplastictakeoutcontainers.A.Don’tuseplasticstraws.B.Don’tpollutethebeaches.C.Instead,takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.D.Therefore,pollutionhasbeenlargelydecreasedacrosstheworld.E.IntheU.K.,leadersarecallingforsupermarketstohaveplasticfreeareas.F.Globally,however,peoplestillbuynearlyamillionplasticbottleseveryminute.G.Butinthemeantime,herearefourthingsyoucandotoreduceplasticwastenow.【答案】36.G37.C38.A39.F40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了減少使用塑料的四個技巧。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asweallknow,theworldhasaplasticproblem—anditisincreasing.Scientistsareworkingtofindalongtermsolutionbymakingplasticmorebiodegradable(生物可降解的).(眾所周知，世界上存在塑料問題，而且問題還在增加?？茖W(xué)家們正在努力通過使塑料更具生物降解性來尋找長期解決方案。)”可知，空處承上啟下，在下文中介紹減少塑料垃圾的方法，與G項“Butinthemeantime,herearefourthingsyoucandotoreduceplasticwastenow.(但與此同時，你現(xiàn)在可以做以下四件事來減少塑料垃圾。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選G項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Quitusingplasticbags.(戒掉使用塑料袋。)”可知，下文將講述使用其他的購物袋，與C項“Instead,takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.(取而代之的是，帶上自己的可重復(fù)使用的購物袋到商店。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故選C項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Today,around83bil