24新手助跑-基礎(chǔ)語法

序言所有人都能看到飛機(jī)在天空盤旋的姿態(tài)，卻很少有人能感受到它助跑階段的顛簸和擺脫地心引力的痛苦。每位堅(jiān)定的考研人來日都將展翅，但是其心智必苦，筋骨必勞，其才能才可與日俱增。研考初期，也是所有學(xué)子最迷茫的時(shí)期。或許你英語基礎(chǔ)相對(duì)薄弱，勞心費(fèi)力不得其果；或許你已經(jīng)闊別英語多時(shí)，復(fù)習(xí)起來毫無頭緒。無需焦慮，這24考研英語，詞法兼修。本書將會(huì)從詞法，句法，篇章三個(gè)考研英語的核心板塊出發(fā)，立足于英語學(xué)習(xí)的基本概念，為后續(xù)的深入學(xué)習(xí)鋪平道路：掃盲詞匯部分圍繞高頻的基礎(chǔ)詞匯展開，從多個(gè)角度詮釋單詞，結(jié)合詞根詞綴和用法搭配來加深對(duì)單詞的印象，為日后的單詞學(xué)習(xí)奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。零基礎(chǔ)語法部分以考研英語中所涉及的基礎(chǔ)語法點(diǎn)為著眼點(diǎn)，穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打帶你打好基礎(chǔ)，為英語小白在考研道路上的深入學(xué)習(xí)掃清障礙。新概念部分則重點(diǎn)側(cè)重于詞句在篇章中的應(yīng)用，多種多樣，原汁原味的語言場(chǎng)景，為之后的專項(xiàng)學(xué)習(xí)的快速提升做好鋪墊。希望你能勇敢并堅(jiān)定地邁出這一步，也相信日后沖破天際的身影中，你一定是最耀眼的一個(gè)！PAGE1PAGE1PAGE2PAGE2礎(chǔ)BASICGRAMMAR簡(jiǎn)單句動(dòng)詞的分類動(dòng)詞的分類簡(jiǎn)單句的類型(1)主-系-表”Theseapplesareveryfresh.這些蘋果很新鮮。Maryisauniversitystudent瑪麗是個(gè)大學(xué)生。(2)“主-動(dòng)”Theboyiscrying.男孩在哭。Themanislookingforthedictionary那個(gè)男士正在尋找字典。(3)“主-動(dòng)-賓”HetookthepictureontheGreatWall.他在長(zhǎng)城上拍了照片。Theyhaveboughtthenewmobilephone.他們已經(jīng)買了新出的手機(jī)。(4)“主-動(dòng)-間賓-直賓”Hegavemeadictionary他給了我一本詞典。PAGE3PAGE3PAGE4PAGE4ShallShallIleaveyouthecamera?要我把照相機(jī)留給你嗎？(5)“主-動(dòng)-賓-補(bǔ)”Wecanmakeourcountrymorebeautiful.我們可以將國家建設(shè)得更美好。筆記區(qū)句子成分動(dòng)詞的三大形式情態(tài)can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would,dare,needoughtto,usedto,hadbetter,wouldratherhavetoShemustarrivebeforesixo’clock.六點(diǎn)前她一定能到。+be”“+bedoing”“+或一般情況的推測(cè)。Hemust/may/might/couldbelisteningtotheradionow.//也許正在聽收音機(jī)。Hecan’t(couldn’t)beathomeatthistime.這個(gè)時(shí)候他不可能在家。+have+Itmust/may/might/couldhaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet.//也許下雨了。語態(tài)Foresthavebeenburned.Theyweregivenawarmsendoff.Theirweddingwillbeheldinthechurch.時(shí)態(tài)一般進(jìn)行完成現(xiàn)在過去將來一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)實(shí)。Theideaseemspromising.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Itusuallyleadstonogood-drinking,drugsandcasualsex.Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.一般過去時(shí)lastweekanhourago,in2020等In2006,thestatewentastepfurther.McGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.PAGE10PAGE10PAGE11PAGE11一般將來時(shí),tomorrownextkfromnowon,inthefuture一般將來時(shí)有五中常見的表達(dá)方式：A.shall動(dòng)詞原形（shallwill所代替）；WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？B.begoingtobegoingto；Itisgoingtorain.C.willWearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.E.beabouttoHeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有時(shí)也可表將來Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.I’llwritetoyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.……Iamleavingforsomeimportantthing.OK,seeyou.現(xiàn)在/過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)/表語/賓語名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞?apieceof+advice/bread/cloth/fortune/information/music?abitof,anitemof,anarticleof數(shù)詞代詞動(dòng)名詞不定式Hatingpeopleislikeburningdownyourownhousetogetridofarat.Tohaveasuccessfulmarriagetakeseffortandpatience.直接動(dòng)名詞做賓語的動(dòng)詞admit,advise,anticipate,appreciate,avoid,conside,endurecontemplate,dela,den,discuss,dislike,encourage,enjo,escape,excusefanc,favor，feellike,forbid,giveup,canthelp,imagineinvolve,mention,mind,miss,overlook,permit,postpone,prophetic,prohibit,putoff,resent,resist,risk,can’tstand,suggestA.demandA.demanddeserveneedrequire,want等動(dòng)詞Thegardenneedswatering/tobewatered.Yourhairneedscutting/tobecut.B.remember,forget,stop,goon,regretIstillrememberbeingtakentoBeijingforthefirsttime.Ireallymuststopsmoking.定語前置someany,no,every等詞構(gòu)成的不定代詞的定語都后置。Thelovelygirlisdancinginthegarden.Canyoutellmesomethinginteresting?定語后置Hegavemeabasketfullofeggs.Englishisalanguageeasytolearnbutdifficulttomaster.狀語副詞介詞短語并列句 IturnedontheTVandwesatdownandwatchedit.Youmaygowithus,oryoumaystayathome.Itwasgettinglate;wehadtogoback.notonly...butalso.../either...or.../neither...nor...EitheryouaremadorIam(mad).Notonlyishehimselfinterestedincomputerbutalsohissonisbeginningtoshowaninterestinit.Notonlyeverythinghehadhadtakenawayfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenawayfromhim.方式狀語從句方式狀語從句as,asif/though,theway等詞引導(dǎo)Asweallknow,theearthisround.Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.Ishoulddothejobthewaymyfatherdid.地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句where),everywhere引導(dǎo)Whereveryouwork,youwillgainmuchvaluableexperienceaslongasyouarewillingtowork.Everywheretheywent,theywerewarmlyreceived.……條件下Whereyouareconfident,youwillsucceed.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.PAGE13PAGE13PAGE14PAGE14目的狀語從句that,sothat,inorderthat,lest,forfearthat,等詞引導(dǎo)；lest=forfearthatshould動(dòng)詞原形；Hewrotethenamedownforfearthat(lest)heshouldforgetit.Hetooktheumbrellawithhimlestitshouldrain.Taketheumbrellawithyouincaseitrains.結(jié)果狀語從句thattothat……”Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tfallasleep.Hemadesuchaninspiringspeechthateverybodygotexcited.Thewindwassostrongthatwecouldhardlymoveforward.HerunsofastthatIcouldn'tcatchupwithhim.Itwassohotadaythatcropswilted.=Itwassuchahotdaythatcropswilted.Heissolovelyaboythateveryoneloveshim.=Heissuchalovelyboythateveryoneloveshim.時(shí)間狀語從句when,as,everytime/eachtimeWhenIwaswatchingTV,mymothercameback.Myfatheriscookingwhilemymotherisreadingnewspaper.Astimewentby,thedaysbecamelongerandlonger.teminutethemoment,theinstant也可表示；Iwillwritetoyouthemoment/minuteIarrivedinParis.till＆untilIsleptuntilmidnight.WaittillIcallyou.Shedidn’tarriveuntil6o’clock.tilluntil原因狀語從句常用連接詞有：becausesinceas,for原因狀語從句常用連接詞有：becausesinceas,fornowthat,inthat等，owingto,dueto,thanksto,becauseof,asaresultof等短語Humanbeingsarequitedifferentfromanimalsinthathumancanspeakandthink.讓步狀語從句though,讓步狀語從句though,although,as,whilebut條件狀語從句常用連接詞：if,aslongas,onconditionthatIfwintercomescan’tspringbefarbehind?Aslongasitdoesn’train,wecanplay.Youcangooutonconditionthatyouwearanovercoat.比較狀語從句(1)同級(jí)比較(2)異級(jí)比較more……Ourcountryisgettingmoreandmorepo