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簡單句復(fù)習要點1.英語句子的種類與類型2.陳述句〔五種簡單句型〕3.陳述句否認式的構(gòu)成4.疑問句1〕一般疑問句2〕特殊疑問句〔常用的特殊疑問詞和句型〕3〕選擇疑問句4〕反義疑問句5.There-be存在句6.主謂一致

知識概要英語句子的種類與類型I、句子種類〔按交際用途分〕陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感慨句、There-be存在句II、句子類型〔按句子結(jié)構(gòu)分〕簡單句、并列句、復(fù)合句需要弄清楚的幾個概念:1、及物動詞(vt.):后面帶有賓語,意思才能完整。

eg.Theywantsomebooks.Heis

readingabook.2、不及物動詞(vi.):本身意義完整,不需跟賓語。

eg.Birdsfly.Heworksinthefactory.

3、系動詞:系動詞本身雖有一定的詞義,但不完整,不能單獨作謂語,必須和作表語的詞語(如形容詞,名詞等)連用,構(gòu)成謂語。如:be(是),look(看起來像),become(成為,變得)等。

eg.Theyareteachers.Hebecameveryinterestedinscience.

1、陳述句說明一個事實或陳述一個看法,有肯定式和否認式,語序是主語在前,謂語在后。陳述句可以分為以下五種句型:①主語+不及物動詞。如:Iarrivedatsixlastnight.②主語+及物動詞+賓語,如:IboughtagoodEnglishChineseDictionaryyesterday.③主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語,如:PleasetellmeastorybeforeIgotobed.這樣可加雙賓語的句子有buy,tell,give,ask,pass,teach.④主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語,如:Ifounditimpossibletodoit.Pleasekeeptheclassroomcleanandtidy.⑤主語+系動詞+表語,如:TomisanAmericanboy.Thegrassturnedgreeninspring.

難點鏈接簡單句的五種根本結(jié)構(gòu):1.Thesunrises.2.Idon’tlikebasketball.3.Dannyistired.4.Ireadherastory.5.Ihelpedherbrushherteeth.主語+不及物動詞主語+及物動詞+賓語主語+系動詞+表語主語+動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+動詞+賓語+賓補_________________________________________________________________________陳述句否認式的構(gòu)成

(1)如果肯定陳述句的謂語局部含有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或連系動詞be,那么只需在這些動詞后加not即可構(gòu)成否認式。

Heisplayingtheguitar.〔肯定〕Heisnotplayingtheguitar.〔否認〕

Wecangettherebeforedark.〔肯定〕Wecan’tgettheebeforedark.〔否認〕

(2)如果陳述句的謂語動詞是實義動詞,而其中又沒有情態(tài)動詞或助動詞時,那么需根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)在該實義動詞前加don’t,doesn’t或didn’t。同時把該實義動詞變?yōu)樵巍?/p>

Heplaystheviolinwell.〔肯定〕Hedoesn’tplaytheviolinwell.〔否認〕

Shewonthegame.〔肯定〕Shedidn’twinthegame.〔否認〕

(3)如果句子是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)或謂語動詞是have〔有〕,且句中如果有some要變?yōu)閍ny。例如:

Thereissomewaterinthecup.→Thereisnotanywaterinthecup.Hehassomebooks.→Hedoesn'thaveanybooks.

難點鏈接陳述句否認式的構(gòu)成

(4)除not以外,否認詞no,never,nothing,nobody,few等也可構(gòu)成否認句。例如:Thereissomethingwrongwithhisbike.→Thereisnothingwrongwithhisbike.

Ihaveseenthefilm.→Ihaveneverseenthefilm.注:否認句的類型1〕半否認句〔用hardly,little,few等來否認〕Ihardlyknowanythingaboutit.2〕局部否認句〔用all,both,every,each+謂語+not否認,表示“有的是,有的不是”〕Idon’tlikeboththefilms.3〕全否認句〔用not,no,never,neither,nor,nothing等來否認〕 IlikeneitherCathynorMary.4)否認轉(zhuǎn)移(用在含有think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine為主句的句子)Idon’tthinkitwillbeverycoldtoday

難點鏈接2、疑問句有一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反義疑問句。1〕一般疑問句用來詢問一件事,答案通常是yes或no,要注意語序?!?〕一般疑問句的根本形式

一般疑問句一般是指以助動詞、情態(tài)動詞、be動詞或have〔有〕開始,通常要求以yes,或no來答復(fù)的疑問句,一般疑問句讀時通常用升調(diào)。

DoyouknowMr.Smith?Canyouswim?〔2〕一般疑問句的否認結(jié)構(gòu)

①在一般疑問句的否認結(jié)構(gòu)中,把副詞not放在一般疑問句的主語之后。但如果用not的簡略形式-n’t,那么須將-n’t與一般疑問句句首的be,have,助動詞或情態(tài)動詞寫在一起。在實際運用中,一般都采用簡略式。Areyounotafootballfan?Aren’tyouafootballfan?Willshenotlikeit?Won’tshelikeit?

②與漢語不同的是,英語一般疑問句否認結(jié)構(gòu)的答語是否認還是肯定,全由答語的否認或肯定來決定。假設(shè)答語是肯定的,那么用yes加肯定結(jié)構(gòu);假設(shè)答語是否認的,那么用no加否認結(jié)構(gòu)。Aren’tyouafootballfan?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.

Won’tshelikeit?Yes,shewill.No,shewon’t.

難點鏈接2〕特殊疑問句特殊疑問句由“疑問代詞或疑問副詞+一般疑問句”構(gòu)成,句子一般用倒裝語序,但如果對主語提問時用陳述句的語序。特殊疑問句不能用yes或no答復(fù),讀時用降調(diào)。例如:

Whoisondutytoday?

HowlonghaveyoubeeninBeijing?

Whattimedoyougetupeverymorning?

WhatmustIdonow?疑問代詞:what,who,which,whose,who疑問副詞:when,where,why,how疑問詞組:howsoon,howlong,howfar,howoften難點鏈接常用的特殊疑問詞和句型難點鏈接3〕選擇疑問句選擇疑問句是說話者提出兩種或兩種以上的不同情況,讓對方選擇答復(fù)的疑問句。其結(jié)構(gòu)是“疑問句+選擇局部”。選擇局部由or連接,or前面的局部讀升調(diào),or后面的局部讀降調(diào)。選擇疑問句不能用yes或no答復(fù),而必須具體的選擇答復(fù)。

Isyourbagyelloworblack?

It’sblack.。

Wouldyoulikesometeaorcoffee?

Eitherwilldo.

Whichdoyoulikebetter,singingordancing?

Ilikedancingbetter.

選擇疑問句的構(gòu)成:(1)以一般疑問句為根底 Isheateacheroradoctororapoliceman? ShallIhelpyouorcanyoumanage?(2)以特殊疑問句為根底 Whichdoyouprefer,redwineorwhite? Howshallwegothere?Bybusorbytrain?

難點鏈接4〕反義疑問句

反意疑問句是指在陳述句之后附加一個意思與之相反的簡短問句,問對方是否贊同的疑問句。附加問句的否認式必須縮寫。

〔1〕肯定的陳述句后跟否認的附加問句,否認的陳述句后跟肯定的附加問句。如:Iamyourteacher,aren’tI?Hedidn’tstudyhard,didhe?

〔2〕如果陳述句中含有否認副詞never,hardly或其他表示否認代詞或形容詞,如nothing,none,noone,nobody,neither,few,little等,那么附加問句只能用肯定式。如:

Theyhardlywritetoeachother,dothey?Hehasfoundnothing,hashe?Fewpeopleknewthesecret,didthey?

〔3〕當反意疑問句是“否認陳述句+肯定附加問句”時,英語與漢語的答復(fù)習慣存在差異。英語答復(fù)時只看實際情況,假設(shè)答語的具體內(nèi)容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”,答語的具體內(nèi)容是否認的就用“No+否認結(jié)構(gòu)”,而譯成漢語時,那么必須把yes譯“不是”,把no譯成“是的”。

---Youwon’tbeawayforlong,willyou?你不會離開太久,是嗎?

---Yes,Iwill.不,我會的。

---No,Iwon’t.是的,我不會的。

---Idon’tthinkshe’llcomebybike,willshe?我認為她不會騎自行車,會嗎?

---Yes,shewill.不,她會的。

---No,shewon’t.是的,她不會的。

(4)祈使句的反意疑問句,除由Let’s開頭的要問成shallwe?以外,其余的都問成willyou.難點鏈接3、祈使句

祈使句是用來表示命令、請求、建議、號召等的句子,謂語動詞用原形,句末用感慨號“!”或句號“.”。朗讀時一般用降調(diào)。

1.肯定的祈使句:

〔1〕祈使句主語是you時,you常省略,但如果要特別強調(diào)對方或表達某種強烈的情緒時可以有主語或稱呼語。Bequiet.=Y(jié)oubequiet!

〔2〕“Do+祈使句”表示一種強烈的感情或請求,do起強調(diào)作用。

Docomebackatonce!Dobecareful.

〔3〕please用在祈使句中可以表示一種客氣的語氣,但please用在句末時,必須用逗號與其余局部分開。Openthewindow,please.

〔4〕Let引導祈使句時,后面需跟上人稱代詞或稱呼語,人稱代詞一般只用第一、第三人稱。LetJackwaitaminute.Let’sgotoschool.

〔5〕在祈使句中,Let’s和Letus是有區(qū)別的。Let’s包括說話者,而Letus不包括聽話者在內(nèi)。這點從反意疑問句時可明顯看出。

Let’sgoskating,shallwe?〔表示內(nèi)部的建議〕Letustryagain,willyou?〔表示向別人發(fā)出請求〕

2.否認的祈使句通常以Don’t或Never開頭。其結(jié)構(gòu)通常是:“Don’t(Never)+動詞原形+其他成分”例如:

Don’tdothatagain!Neverleavetoday’sworkfortomorrow!

Don’tbelatenexttime!

難點鏈接4、感慨句感慨句是表示喜、怒、哀、樂以及驚異等感情的句子。句末用感慨號“!”,讀時用降調(diào)。感慨句是由“感慨局部+主謂局部”構(gòu)成,感慨句往往由what或how引導,what修飾名詞,how修飾形容詞,副詞或動詞。what引導的感慨句:〔1〕what+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+陳述句〔主語+謂語〕Whatabeautifulcityitis!Whataninterestingstoryshetold!〔2〕what+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+陳述句〔主語+謂語〕Whatexpensivewatchestheyare!Whatterribleweatheritis!2.How引導的感慨句:〔1〕How+形容詞/副詞+陳述句〔主語+謂語〕Howcolditis!Howhardheworks!〔2〕How+陳述句〔主語+謂語〕Howheloveshisson!HowImissyou!Howtimeflies!〔3〕How+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+陳述句〔主語+謂語〕Howtallatreeitis!〔4〕上述兩種感慨句可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:Whatacleverboyheis!→Howclevertheboyis!Whatacolddayitis!→Howcolditis!

難點鏈接5、

There-be存在句1.根本結(jié)構(gòu)Therebe+主語+地點/時間狀語。如:Thereisacomputerintheroom.房間里有一臺電腦。TherearetwoTVplayseveryevening.每晚有兩場電視劇。2.主謂一致要采取就近一致原那么,和*近be的主語一致。如:Thereisapen,tworulersinthebox.盒子里有一只鋼筆,兩把尺子。Therearetwoboysandateacherattheschoolgate.門口有兩個男孩,一個老師。3.主語后的動詞形式在therebe句型中,主語與動詞是主動關(guān)系時用現(xiàn)在分詞;是被動關(guān)系時用過去分詞。如:Thereisapurselyingontheground.地上有一個錢包。Therearefiveminutesleftnow.現(xiàn)在還有5分鐘。難點鏈接5、

There-be存在句4.反意疑問句反意疑問句應(yīng)與therebe對應(yīng),而不是依據(jù)主語。如:Thereisaradioonthetable,isn'tthere?桌子上有一臺收音機,是吧?Therearemorethanfiftyclassesinyourschool,aren'tthere?你們班有50多名學生,是吧?5.therebe與have的替換therebe表示所屬時可與have替換。Thereisnothingbutabookinmybag.=Ihavenothingbutabookinmybag.包里只有一本書。6.therebe后接不定式時常用主動形式表示被動意義。如:Thereisalotofworktodo.有許多工作要做。注意:當該句型主語是something,anything,nothing等不定代詞時,后面的不定式用主動形式或被動形式,意義各不同。Thereisnothingtodo.沒有事可做。Thereisnothingtobedone.沒有方法(束手無策)。難點鏈接5、

There-be存在句7.與其它詞連用,構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。如:Theremaybearainthisafternoon.今天下午可能有雨。Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.戰(zhàn)爭之前,這兒有一家電影院。8.變體therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的be有時可用live,stand,remain等代替。如:Oncetherelivedakingwhocaredmoreaboutnewclothesthananythingelse.從前有位國王喜歡新服勝過別的任何東西。9.習慣用語Thereisnogood/use(in)doingsth.做某事沒有好處/用處;Thereisnotamomenttolose.一刻也不能耽誤。例如:Thereisnogoodmakingfriendswithhim.和他交朋友沒有什么好處。Heisveryill.Sendhimtohospital.There'snotamomenttolose.他病得厲害,把他送到醫(yī)院去,一刻也不能耽誤。難點鏈接6.主謂一致在句子結(jié)構(gòu)中要注意主謂一致的問題,即句子的主語與謂語動詞要相照應(yīng)。要注意的有如下幾點:①用and連接兩個主語時一般應(yīng)視為復(fù)數(shù),但如一人身兼兩職時那么要用單數(shù)謂語動詞形式,如:Asingeranddanceriscomingtoourparty.asingeranddancer既歌唱又可舞的演員。而asingerandadancer那么要譯為:一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。②有些以s結(jié)尾的名詞謂語動詞要用單數(shù),如:Thenewsisgood.(news為不可數(shù)名詞)。③有量詞時應(yīng)按量詞的數(shù)量計算,如:Thispairofglassesisgood.Myglassesarebroken.④有些形單卻意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞,如:Peoplearecominghere.這樣的詞還有Police,class等。如果要講一個警察時,應(yīng)講apoliceman。兩個警察為twopolicemen。又如apolicewoman,twopolicewomen難點鏈接⑤所有不定代詞each,either,neither,one,theother,nobody,nothing,anyone,anything,someone,something…要作為單數(shù),如:Someoneiswaitingforyou⑥表示并列關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有:both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,either…or.當它們并列兩個主語時,除both…and謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)以外,其余都要采用就近原那么如:Bothmysisterandbrotheraregoingtothecinema。Notonlymysisterbutalsobrotherisgoingtothecinema.Neithermysisternorbrotherisgoingtothecinema.Eithermysisterorbrotherisgoingtothecinema難點鏈接1.[誤]Thestoriesinthatbookwaswrittenmanyyearsago[正]Thestoriesinthatbookwerewrittenmanyyearsago.[析]作主語的名詞、代詞或不定式、動名詞,它們往往要帶有修飾詞,這些詞可能是形容詞,也可能是短語,但謂語動詞還是要取決于這個主語的數(shù),要記住的是一個名詞不可能在同一句中作兩個不同的語法成份。2.[誤]Toreadmanybooksaregoodforyou[正]Toreadmanybooksisgoodforyou[析]不定式作主語應(yīng)該看作單數(shù)主語。3.[誤]Whathesaidareright[正]Whathesaidisright[析]從句作主語一定要按單數(shù)主語看待。4.[正]Therichisnotalwayshappy[誤]Thericharenotalwayshappy[析]形容詞+定冠詞表示一類人,謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù),如:Theyoungareveryinterestedinstudyandsports5.[誤]Theschoolmasterandwriterarecoming[正]Theschoolmasterandwriteriscoming[析]本句應(yīng)譯為:校長兼作家就要來了。而Theschoolmasterandthewriterarecoming那么要譯為:校長和一個作家要來了。在英語表達法中確實有Thegirlandboyareplayingonthegrass這應(yīng)譯為:一個女孩,一個男孩在操場上玩。因為不可能這樣兩個概念作用在一個人身上。正誤辨析6.[誤]Youorshegotogetsomewaterforus[正]Youorshegoestogetsomewaterforus[析]由or連接的兩個主語應(yīng)以離謂語動詞近的那一個計算其數(shù)。這樣的用法還有either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso也有人稱作"就近原那么"。7.[誤]Theteacherwithalotofstudentscomeintotheclassroom[正]Theteacherwithalotofstudentscomesintotheclassroom[析]真正的主語是theteacher,而with短語是伴隨狀態(tài),不影響主語的數(shù)。8.[誤]Myglassesisbroken[誤]Thispairofglassesaregood[誤]Thesekindsofbutterisgood.[正]Myglassesarebroken[正]Thispairofglassesisgood[正]Thesekindsofbutteraregood[析]英語中有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:glasses眼鏡,shorts短褲等。如沒有量詞在前時,要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞,但有了量詞之后那么要按量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)計算。9.[誤]Oneoftheboysaregoingtotakepartinthematch[正]Oneoftheboysisgoingtotakepartinthematch[析]Oneof結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)以one來計算主語的數(shù)。正誤辨析10.[誤]Halfoftheworkaredone[誤]Halfofthebooksisread[正]Halfoftheworkisdone[正]Halfofthebooksareread[析]在小于1的數(shù)量詞作主語時,如:23,80%,0.35…+of+名詞,這時主語的數(shù)應(yīng)按of后面的名詞計算。如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),那么謂語動詞要用單數(shù),如名詞是復(fù)數(shù)那么要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。11.[誤]Eachsidesarefulloftrees[誤]Bothsideisfulloftrees[正]Eachsideisfulloftrees[正]Bothsidesarefulloftrees[析]each,either其后都要加單數(shù)名詞,而both后要加復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如:each,either,another,little,alittle,much等作主語時,謂語動詞全部要用單數(shù)形式。12.[誤]Theboyseachhasanapple[正]Theboyseachhaveanapple[析]each作同位語時,不影響句子的主語。13.[誤]Everyoneofushasaticketfortheconcert[正]Everyoneofushasaticketfortheconcert[析]everyone,someone,everybody…在作主語時都不能加of結(jié)構(gòu)。正誤辨析14.[誤]Girlslikedancingverymuch,butfewlikesplayingfootball[正]Girlslikedancingverymuch,butfewlikeplayingfootball[析]few雖然含意上是"幾乎沒有",但作主語時仍要當作復(fù)數(shù)。15.[誤]Thenumberoftheworkersinthatfactoryaretwohundred[正]Thenumberoftheworkersinthatfactoryistwohundred[析]thenumberof意為:某某的數(shù)字是……如:thenumberofstudents學生人數(shù),thenumberofplayers運發(fā)動人數(shù)。不管數(shù)字如何都應(yīng)看作單數(shù)。而anumberof與many意思相同,其后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:Anumberofstudentsareplayingonthegrass16.[誤]Therestofthestudentsishere[誤]Therestoftheworkaredone[正]Therestofthestudentsarehere[正]Therestoftheworkisdone[析]therestof的用法與2/3,一半,80%+of的結(jié)構(gòu)一致,of后面為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞,為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時用單數(shù)謂語動詞。這樣用法還有l(wèi)otsof,alotof,plentyof。17.[誤]Thenewsintoday'snewspaperarenotbad[正]Thenewsintoday'snewspaperisnotbad[析]有些以s結(jié)尾的名詞要用作不可數(shù)名詞,它們是:news,physics,mathematics,thanks,…正誤辨析18.[誤]TheChineseiskindandfriendly[正]TheChinesearekindandfriendly[析]Chinese作為中文來講是單數(shù)名詞,但作為中國人講是單復(fù)同形的名詞。如:oneChinese,twoChinese,而TheChinese=ThepeopleofChina要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。19.[誤]Thisdictionaryistooexpensiveforme,Tendollarsareabigsumforme[正]Thisdictionaryistooexpensiveforme,Tendollarsisabigsumforme[析]表示一段時間,一筆金錢,一段距離,都應(yīng)看作單數(shù)名詞。21.[誤]Whoaregoingtotakepartinourfootballmatch?[正]Whoisgoingtotakepartinourfootballmatch?[析]用who提問時,習慣上用單數(shù)謂語動詞,但which那么要視其情況而定,如:whicharebettertheseshoesorthoseshoes?又如:whichisbetterthisoneorthatone?22.[誤]Whatahotweatheritis![誤]Howhottheweatheritis![正]Whathotweatheritis![正]Howhottheweatheris![析]感慨句是用來表達說話人的喜怒哀樂的感情。它由what與how作句子的開始,判定是用what還是用how的最好方法是先找到感慨句的主謂局部,比方:Whatthehotweatheritis!中Itis是主謂局部,再來看感慨局部有不可數(shù)名詞weather,那么感慨詞只能用what。再看第二句Howhottheweatheris!句子的主謂局部是theweatheris.再來看局部只有形容詞,所以應(yīng)用how。至于是用whata還是what要看名詞的具體情況而定,單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞加whata其余的加用what。正誤辨析23.[誤]Wehavetosingthis,havewe?[誤]Wehavetosingthis,haven'twe?[正]Wehavetosingthis,don'twe?[析]在反意疑問句中除了標準的一些常規(guī)外,有一些例外:Let‘sgohome,shallwe?Letusgohome,willyou?Shehadtoleave,didn‘tshe?Doyourhomeworkatonce,willyou?Thereisnotmuchgoodnewsintoday'snewspaper,isthere?Neitherofthemareright,arethey?Ithinkhewillcometotheparty,won'the?think后的賓語從句,與其他賓語從句不一樣,在初中只有這樣一個較特殊的詞。這樣的句子的反意疑問句的主語要用賓語從句中的主語,其助動詞要用賓語從句的助動詞,而肯定還是否認要看主句謂語動詞而定,如:Idon'tthinkheiscomingtoourparty,ishe?24.[誤]Iwanttoknowwheredoeshelive[正]Iwanttoknowwherehelives[析]賓語從句中一律要用陳述語序,而不用疑問語序。25.[誤]-Ihaven'tgotaticketforthefootballmatch-NorIhave[正]-Ihaven‘tgotaticketforthefootballmatch-Nor(Neither)haveI[析]nor,neither用在簡答否認句中時要采用倒裝語序。在肯定句的簡答句中那么要用so,如:Idomyhomeworkveryquickly,SodoesMary正誤辨析26.[誤]Look!Herethebuscomes![誤]Look!Herecomeshe![正]Look!Herecomesthebus![正]Look!Herehecomes[析]在there,here打頭的句子中,如果主語是名詞,那么要采用倒裝語序;如果是人稱代詞那么用一般語序。27.[誤]DoyouwantMarytogotothecinemawithus?No,Idon‘thopeso[正]DoyouwantMarytogotothecinemawithus?No,Ihopenot[析]我不這樣想,可用Idon'tthinkso但hope的否認簡答句只能用Ihopenot這是習慣用法。但這兩個詞的肯定簡答句形是一樣的,如:Ithinkso.Ihopeso28.[誤]ThatisdifficultforustolearnEnglishwell[正]ItisdifficultforustolearnEnglishwell[析]It這里的語法作用是形式主語,而真正的主語是后面的不定式。形式主語和形式賓語都要用it而不能用that,如:IthinkitdifficulttolearnEnglishwellit在這句中是think的形式賓語。正誤辨析1、There___apencilboxonthedesk.A.isB.areC.hasD.have[答案]A.[析]Therebe句形中的be動詞要看其后面離它最近的名詞而定,如:Therearetwobooksandapencilonthedesk但卻可以講Thereisapencilandtwobooksonthedesk2、Yourbrothercametoseeyou,___?AdoesheBdoesn'theCdidheDdidn'the[答案]D.[析]前句是肯定句,后面反意疑問句要用否認句,同時came為過去時態(tài),所以應(yīng)用didn'the3、It'sgettingcloudy,__?A.does'itB.doesn'titC.isitD.isn'tit[答案]D.[析]要區(qū)分's是has還是is,這里由getting得出's是is。4、___keepmewaitingsolong.A.NotB.Won'tC.Don'tD.Notto[答案]C.[析]Don't+動詞原形為祈始句的否認句。5、MrGreenhasn'tbeentoBeijing,___?AhasheBhasn'theCdidheDdidn'the[答案]A.[析]此句has是助動詞與過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。例題解析6、Youhaveyourlunchatschool,___?AhaveyouBhaven'tyouCdoyouDdon'tyou[答案]D.[析]這里的have是實意動詞"吃",而不是助動詞。7、___sunnyday!Let'sgooutforawalk.AHowaBHowCWhataDWhat[答案]C.[析]這個感慨句是個省略句,其真實的句子應(yīng)為Whatasunnydayitis!8、Johnlikeslisteningtotheradio,___?AdoesheBdoesn'theCdoesn'tJohnDdoesJohe[答案]B.[析]當名詞作主語時,反意疑問句應(yīng)用代詞。9、NeitheryounorI___ontheteam.A.areB.wereC.amD.is[答案]C.[析]由neither…nor…作連接詞作主語時,其謂語動詞要與相臨近的那個主語相照應(yīng)。10、___deliciousfood!I'dlikesomemore.AwhataBHowaCWhatDHow[答案]C.[析]因food為不可數(shù)名詞。例題解析11、___thereacatunderthechair?

A.AreB.IsC.HasD.Have[答案]B.

[析]這是therebe句型的疑問句。12、-___badweather!

-Yes,Butit'sgoingtobefinesoon,Ithink

A

HowB

WhataC

WhatanD

What[答案]D.

[析]weather為不可數(shù)名詞。13、Goand___theTVquickly

Thevolleyballmatchwillbeginrightaway.A

turnoffB

turndownC

turnupD

turnon

[答案]D.

[析]這是個祈使句,它由and連接兩個動詞。注意詞組搭配的不同含義。14、Let'sgoforsometea,___?

A

shallweB

willweC

doweD

don'twe[答案]A.

[析]Let‘sgo…,shallwe?Letusgo…,willyou?這是兩個特殊的反意疑問句。

15、Joan'sshort,___?

A

wasn'tsheB

hasn'tsheC

isn'tsheD

doesn'tshe[答案]C.

[析]在此句中應(yīng)視's為is,而不是has或was。

例題解析16Idon'tknow___toreadtheword.AwhichBwhatCwhoseDhow[答案]D.[析]因不定式toread中的read是及物動詞,已有自己的賓語theword,所以應(yīng)用疑問副詞how。17Hedidn'tgotoschool,___hewasill.AforBbutCandDso[答案]A.[析]這里是表示因果的關(guān)系,從句表示原因,所以用for,放于句尾,且常常前面有一個逗號。so引起的是結(jié)果狀語從句,如:Hewasonlytwelve,sohecouldn'tjointhearmy18Theyoungwomancanhardlyrideabike,___she?Adoesn'tBdoesCcan'tDcan[答案]D.[析]hardly為否認詞,所以應(yīng)視此句為否認句。其后的反意疑問句應(yīng)用肯定句。19TomnevergoestothecinemaonSundays,___?AdoesheBdoesn'theCisn'theDishe[答案]A.[析]never也是否認詞,所以應(yīng)將句子看作否認句。例題解析20Mothersaidtohim,"Don't___onfootball."AspendtoomuchtimeBtospendtoomuchtimeCspendtoomanytimeDtospendtoomanytime[答案]A.[析]time作為"時間"講為不可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)用much來修飾。當作"次數(shù)"講是可數(shù)名詞,如threetimes三次,而Don't…這一句是祈使句的否認句。21MrWhite,togetherwithsomeJapanesefriends,___visitourschoolthisafternoon.AaregoingtoBisgoingtoChaveDhas[答案]B.[析]句子的主語是MrWhite,而togetherwith…是伴隨狀況,不影響句子的主語。22Thereislittlewaterintheglass,___?AisitBisthereCisn'titDisn'tthere[答案]B.[析]這是therebe句型的反意疑問句。23Amperewasthinkingaboutamathsproblem,___?Adidn'theBwasn'theCdidheDishe[答案]B.[析]這是進行時態(tài)的反意疑問句。24Shehadagoodtimeyesterday,___she?Awasn'tBdidn'tChasn'tDisn't[答案]B.[析]had這里是實意動詞而不是助動詞。例題解析25We'llmake___foryouinthefrontofthecar.AaroomBroomCroomsDsomerooms[答案]B.[析]room此處為不可數(shù)名詞,意為"地方,空間"。26NeithershenorI___totheGreatwallbefore.AhasgoneBhavegoneChavebeenDhasbeen[答案]C.[析]由neither…nor連接兩個主語時,其謂語動詞應(yīng)與相臨近的那個主語相照應(yīng)。27.Helpmecollectthesebooks,___?AareyouBwillyouCdoyouDshallyou[答案]B.[析]祈使句的反意疑問句應(yīng)用willyou,而Let'sgo例外,其反意疑問句為shallwe?28Thenumberofdeer,mountainlionsandwildroses___changemuchifpeopleleavethingsastheyare.Adon'tBdoesn'tCisn'tDdidn't[答案]B.[析]thenumberof為"……的數(shù)量、數(shù)目",所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。而anumberof要加復(fù)數(shù)名詞,其謂語動詞也用復(fù)數(shù)。29She'shadbreakfast,___?AissheBisn'tsheChasn'tsheDhasshe[答案]C.[析]這里的's應(yīng)視為has例題解析30Itisgoodforus___morningexercises.AdoBtodoCdidDdone[答案]B.[析]這里的it是形式主語,而真正的主語是不定式todo…31Peterhassportsveryoften,___?Adoes,PeterBdoesn'theCdoesn'tPeterDdoeshe[答案]B.[析]has這里是實意動詞,而主語為名詞時其反意疑問句中的主語要用代詞。32Mr.Blacksaid,"Jenny,don'tbelatetomorrow"Mr.BlacktoldJenny___.Adon'tbelatetomorrowBdidn'tbelatetomorrowCnotbelatenextmorningDnottobelatethenextday[答案]D.[析]tell一般要加雙賓語,其間接賓語是Jenny,直接賓語是不定式。而這里用的是不定式的否認形式。33LiMeireadthenewspapertothegranny,___?AdoessheBdidn'tsheCdidsheDwasn'tshe[答案]B.[析]read這里是過去時態(tài),因其主語是第三人稱單數(shù),而read并未加s所以是過去時態(tài)。(read的過去時與過去分詞都是read,只不過讀音不同)

例題解析1.Johnlikeswalkingintheopenair,

.A.sodoesTomB.alsodoesTomC.tomlikesalsoD.soTomdoes2.Jokebrokehisleg,_________?

A.didheB.didn'theC.doyouD.don'tyou3.Therewillbeavolleyballmatchinourschool,

?

A.bethereB.isthereC.willthereD.won'tthere4.NeitherhenorI_________fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.A.isB.areC.amD.be5.Thereisalotof_________intheboxA.cakeB.bagsofcakesC.milkD.bagsofmilk

6.Wecan'tlive_________water.A.withB.hasC.haven'tD.without7.Wemusthurry,_______wewillbelateforschool.A.andB.orC.butD.if8._________you_________shearelikeEnglish.A.Both...andB.Neither...norC.Either...orD.Notonly...butalso9.Thenumberofthestudents_________50.A.areB.amC.isD.have10.Hewastired,_________hestillwentonworking.A.andB.butC.orD.alsoABCCCDBACB課時訓練11._________Lily_________Lucycangowithyou.Becauseoneofthemmustlookaftertheirmotherathome.A.Neither...norB.Either...orC.Both...andD.Notonly...butalso12.Willyougoandgetsomemore_________fortheteacher?A.chalksB.pieceofchalkC.piecesofchalkD.piecesofchalks13._________ismadeof_________.A.Glasses,glassesB.Apairofglasses,glassC.Glasses,glassesD.Aglass,glasses14.Weareverytired,weshouldhave_________rest.A.halfanhourB.anhourC.halfahour’D.anhour's15.Iheardher_________inthenextroom.A.singingB.sangC.gosingD.sing16.—Iusuallyhavebreakfastathome.—_________.A.SohaveIB.SodoIC.IhavesoD.Idoso17.Openthedoor,_________?A.willyouB.won'tyouC.don'tyouD.doyou18.Sheepliveongrass,_________?A.doesn'titB.don'ttheyC.doesitD.dothey19.Hefound_________interestingtolearnEnglish.A.itB.thisC.thatD.those20.Why_________theinformationontheInternet.A.notsearchB.searchC.don'tsearchD.dosearch

BBDABADAA課時訓練C21.—Youusuallyplayfootballafterschool,don'tyou?—_________.ButtodayIwanttoreadEnglish.A.Yes,IdoB.No,Idon'tC.No,Idon'tD.No,Ido22._____goodweatheritistoday!A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata23.—Hehasn'tfinishedtheworkyet,hashe?—_________.Hefinishedityesterday.A.Yes,hehasB.No,hehasn'tC.Yes,hehasn‘tD.No,hehas24.Ididn'tfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.Hedidn'tfinishhishomework,_________.A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.well2

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