Unit1Laughoutloud!Usinglanguage語法課件-高中英語選擇性【01】

Unit1Laughoutloud!Non-definingAttributiveClausesB4U1Drawamindmapofattributiveclauses.

物:人:修飾名詞、代詞或整句，在句中做定語的從句先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句that,which,whosewho,whose,that,whomwhen,where,why非限制性?定義

Non-definingAttributiveClauses注意非限制性定語從句和主句的關(guān)系不密切，它與先行詞之間常用逗號隔開。需注意的是，that和why不能引導非限制性定語從句。是對先行詞加以描述、解釋或補充說明的定語從句。它不是句中不可或缺的部分，去掉此句不會影響主句意思的完整性。非限制性定語從句aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b...laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.cIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened...Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1

Whatdo“where”，“which”and“when”refertoineachsentence?where指代thewaitingarea。which指代laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter.when指代muchofthetime。 aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b...laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.cIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened...Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.2

Whichsentencescontainaclausewithessentialinformation（基本信息）andwhichwithextrainformation（附加信息）?Ifyoutakeawaytheclauses,dothesentencesstillmakesense?aIwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere’safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.b...laughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.cIspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightened...Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.a和b中的從句用逗號分隔，是含有附加信息的從句。c是含有基本信息的從句。 NowlookformoresentenceswithNon-definingAttributiveClausesinthereadingpassage.2)

Ispeakwiththeon-dutynurse，whotellsmethatLara’sparentsrushedhertothehospitalaftershefelloffherbicycle.

(Para2)3)Wehaveto...workcloselywiththedoctorsandnurses，whokeepusupdatedoneachpatient.

(Para4)一、關(guān)系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句1.whichwhich指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。Iboughtanovelyesterday，whichwaswrittenbyHanHan.我昨天買了一本小說，是韓寒寫的。ChinaDailyattractsaworldwidereadership,whichshowsthatmoreandmorepeopleallover

theworldwanttolearnaboutChina.《中國日報》有著全球的讀者群，這說明全球越來越多的人想要了解中國。一、關(guān)系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句2.who

who指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。Myfather，whohascurlyhair，isanexcellentcook.我的父親有一頭卷發(fā)，他是個很棒的廚師。LiHua,whoisourmonitor,waspraisedbyourteacheryesterday.李華是我們的班長，昨天被我們的老師表揚了。一、關(guān)系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句3.whom

whom指人，在非限制性定語從句中作賓語，一般不能省略。Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,isgoingtoParisnextweek.你在倫敦見過的那個彼得，下周將要去巴黎。ThisisPeter，whomyouhaven’tmetbefore.這是彼得，你以前沒見過他。一、關(guān)系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句4.whose

whose既可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中作定語。Theboy，whosefatherisanengineer，studiesveryhard.這個男孩學習很努力，他的爸爸是一位工程師。Thebooksonthedesk,whosecoversareshiny,areprizesforus.桌上那些封面閃亮的書是為我們準備的獎品。一、關(guān)系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句5.as

as既可指人，也可指物，在定語從句中可以作主語或賓語。Heforgottobringhispenwithhim，aswasoftenthecase.他忘了帶筆，這是常有的事。Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultopeople'shealth.

眾所周知，吸煙對人的健康有害。（as在從句中作賓語）（as在從句中作主語）關(guān)系代詞aswhich指代引導從句時只能指代整個主句的內(nèi)容引導從句時既可指代整個主句的內(nèi)容，又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引導從句時不能位于主句之前意義正如，像這，那注意：as/which引導非限制性定語從句時的區(qū)別as引導非限制性定語從句時，先行詞是整個主句。從句可位于主句前或主句后，也可位于主句中間。as引導的定語從句表示說話人的看法、態(tài)度或評論，as仍具有“正如，像”等意思。Sheisalwaysworkinghard,aseveryonecansee.

正如大家所看到的那樣，她一直工作很努力。Asweallknow,smokingisharmfultopeople'shealth.

眾所周知，吸煙對人的健康有害。注意：as/which引導非限制性定語從句時的區(qū)別which引導非限制性定語從句時，先行詞既可以是一個詞，也可以是整個主句或主句的部分內(nèi)容。which引導的定語從句通常位于主句的后面。which引導的定語從句對主句敘述的內(nèi)容進行補充說明，常譯為“這一點，這件事”等。Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.這本書是我昨天買的，很有教育意義。Tomwasalwayslateforschool,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.湯姆上學總是遲到，這讓他的老師很生氣。注意：as/which引導非限制性定語從句時的區(qū)別二、關(guān)系副詞引導的非限制性定語從句1.when

關(guān)系副詞when在非限制性定語從句中作時間狀語，指代主句中

表示時間的詞語HewillputoffthepicnicuntilMay1st,whenhewillbefree.他將把郊游推遲到5月1號，那時他將有空。Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.我們將把在公園的野餐推遲到下周，屆時天氣可能會更好。二、關(guān)系副詞引導的非限制性定語從句2.where

副詞where在非限制性定語從句中作地點狀語，指代主句中表示

地點的詞語。TheywenttoLondon，wheretheylivedforsixmonths.他們?nèi)チ藗惗?，在那兒呆了六個月的時間。OppositeisStPaul’sCathedral,whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.對面是圣保羅大教堂，在那里你可以聽到一些美妙的音樂。限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句先行詞可以用that,why引導先行詞不可以用that,why引導主句與從句之間不需要用逗號隔開，譯成一句話主句與從句需要用逗號隔開,可譯成兩句話引導詞有時可以省略（作賓語時）引導詞不可以省略whom可用who或that代替whom不可被代替從句只修飾先行詞從句既可以修飾先行詞，也可以修飾整個句子或句子的一部分Readthepassageandrewritethetipsusingnon-definingattributiveclauses.1.Goforawalkinthecountryside,whereyoucanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.Goforawalkinthecountryside.Thereyoucanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.2.Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends,whichwillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends.Thiswillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.3.Trytoacceptyourmistakes,where/throughwhichyoucanlearnalotthem.Trytoacceptyourmistakes.Youcanlearnalotthroughthem.Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture.You’vemadeyourdreamscometrue.haslosthispatiencebynowhethinkswillimpressHolmesislyingnexttohimhefindsannoyingOneday,SherlockHolmesandDrWatsongocamping.Theyputuptheirtent（帳篷）underthestarsandgotosleep.Suddenly,inthemiddleofthenight,WatsoniswokenupbyHolmes1______________________.,whoislyingnexttohim“Watson,”Holmessays,“l(fā)ookupatthestars,andtellmewhattheytellyou."Notquitesurewhathemeans,WatsonthinksHolmesisjoking2_____________________,whichhefindsannoyingatthistimeofnight.Evenso,hereplies,“Iseemillionsofstarsandit’squitelikelytherearesomeplanetslikeEarth.Andifso,thismeansthattheremightalsobelifeonotherplanets.”Watsonispleasedwithhisanswer3______________________