西南四省名校2022屆高三年級上冊第一次大聯(lián)考英語試題 含解析

2022屆四省名校高三第一次大聯(lián)考

英語

本試題卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、考號等填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形

碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。

2.選擇題的作答:選出每小題答案后用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號

涂黑,寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

3.非選擇題的作答:用簽字筆直接寫在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、

草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下

一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Ahotel.B.Acolleague.C.Afire.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Ataparty.C.Inastore.

3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Bossandemployee.

4.WhenwasJack'sflightscheduledtotakeoff?

A.2:00a.m.B.11:00p.m.C.12:00p.m.

5.What*sthewomanmostprobablydoing?

A.Applyingforacollege.

B.Havingajobinterview.

C.Visitingtheelderly.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或?qū)Π住Ｃ慷螌υ捇颡?dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C

三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小

題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhatdoesLucysayaboutherroommates?

A.Theyarefromthesamemajor.

B.Theyhavesomethingincommon.

C.Theycomefromdifferentplaces.

7.WherewillMikeprobablygonext?

A.Thedormitory.B.Thegym.C.Theclassroom.

聽第7段材料，回答第8系10題。

8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Loseweight.B.Goswimming.C.Takeexercise.

9.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?

A.Byadvisingheraboutthediet.

B.Byrecommendingayogatrainertoher.

C.Byprovidingherwithafitnessplan.

10.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?

A.Disappointed.B.Uncertain.C.Satisfied.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatisDorisprobablydoing?

A.Takingawalk.B.Havinglunch.C.Makingaphonecall.

12.WhydidJennycanceltheanangementwithDoris?

A.Topreparefbranexam.

B.lbtakelotsofexercise.

C.Tomakeanotherappointment.

13.OnwhatconditionshouldDoriscallJennyback?

A.Ifshecomesbackearly.

B.Ifsheisfreetomorrow.

C.Ifsheagreestomeetnextweek.

聽第9屆材料，回答第14至16題。

14.WheredidWinkelmannprobablygeteducatedasachild?

A.Intheschool.B.Inthechurch.C.Inthehome.

15.WhatwasWinkelmanndoingwhenshemadeherdiscovery?

A.Walkingunderthestarrysky.

B.Watchingstars.

C.Studyingaknowncomet（彗星）.

16.WhathappenedtoWinkelmann'sapplicationasanassistantastronomer?

A.Itwasaccepted.B.Itwasignored.C.Itwasdeclined.

聽第io段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whathappenedtotheolddog?

A.Hewaslostandblockingastreet.

B.Helovedhisownersandwaswell-fed.

CHewaslovelyandtrickedbyaman.

18.Wherewasthedogwhenthewomanwenttowork?

A.Atthewoman'shome.

B.Inthepolicestation.

C.Intheanimalshelter.

19.Whatdidn'tthewomanexpect?

A.Toadoptadog.

B.Togiveherinformation.

C.Toreceiveathank-younote.

20.WhowasBarney?

A.Thedog'sowner.B.Theflowerman.C.Theolddog.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

We'reopen!Twomillionyearsofhumanhistoryawaits

Mostofourgalleriesareopen,fromtheworld-famousEgyptianmummiestothewonderful

collectionoftheIslamicWorld.TicketstoNero:themanbehindthemythandThomasBecket:

murderandthemakingofasaintandthepermanentcollectionarenowavailabletobook.Wecant

waittowelcomeyouback.

EntrytotheMuseumisnowticketed,bothforthefreepermanentcollectionandpaid

exhibitions.Allvisitors,includingmembersandvolunteers,areadvisedtobookinadvance.Please

notethatsomegalleries（e.g.TheContemporaryandModernMiddleEasternArt）remainclosed.

?Alimitednumberofwalk-up;ticketsareavailableeachdayforthosewhoarriveatthe

Museumwithoutadvancebookings—pleasespeaktostaffonyouramvalattheMuseumtoenquire

aboutavailability,asentry,can'tbeguaranteed.

?Facecoveringsarerequiredfortheprotectionofyourselfandothers.

?Weaskthatyou,keepasafedistanceapartduringyourvisit.Staffareon-handtoadvise

andtherearemarkersthroughouttheMuseumtoguideyou.Pleasebeconsiderateofothervisitors

andstaff.

?Someofourcafesandshopswillbeopen-contactlesspaymentisprefened.

?PleasedonotvisitifyoufeelunwellofhaveCOVID-19symptoms.

?UndercurrentregulationsrelatingtoNHSTestandTrace,we'rerequiredtoaskevery

visitoraged16andovertoprovidetheircontactdetailsforTestandTrace.

Pleasefollowgovernmentguidanceandvisitingroupsofnomorethansixpeopleoragroupof

twohouseholds.Weaskthatyoumaintainsocialdistancingbetweenpeopleyoudonotlivewith.

Weusecookiestoprovideyouwithmorepersonalisedservices.Formoreinformation,please

followthe“Readmore^^link,otherwiseselect“Acceptandclose”.

1.Whichofthefollowingexhibitionsisnotavailabletovisitorsnow?

A.Thepennanentcollection.

B.Nero:themanbehindthemyth.

C.TheContemporaryandModemMiddleEasternArt.

D.ThomasBecket:murderandthemahingofasaint.

2.Whatarevisitorsaged16andoverrequiredtodo?

A.Providecontactdetails.B.Bookwalk-uptickets.

C.Takeaguidedtour.D.Visitingroupsoflessthansix

families.

3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.Awebsite.C.Anartnewspaper.D.A

magazine.

【答案】l.C2.A3.B

【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了博物館的開館注意事項(xiàng)，包括訂票，疫情防護(hù)措施等。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段aPleasenotethatsomegalleries（e.g.TheContemporaryandModern

MiddleEasternArt）remainclosed.（請注意，一些畫廊（如當(dāng)代和現(xiàn)代中東藝術(shù)）仍然關(guān)閉）”

可知，TheContemporaryandModemMiddleEasternArt目前還未對游客開放。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段"?UndercurrentregulationsrelatingtoNHSTestandTrace,

we'rerequiredtoaskeveryvisitoraged16andovertoprovidetheircontactdetailsforTestand

Trace.（?根據(jù)目前有關(guān)NHS檢測和跟蹤規(guī)定，我們要求每一位16歲以上的游客提供他們

的聯(lián)系方式）”可知，16歲及以上的游客要提供聯(lián)系信息。故選A。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Formoreinformation,pleasefollowthe"Readmore"link,

otherwiseselect“Acceptandclose”.（如欲了解更多信息，請點(diǎn)擊“閱讀更多”鏈接，否則選擇

“接受并關(guān)閉“）”可推知，這篇文章應(yīng)該來源于一個(gè)博物館的網(wǎng)站。故選B。

B

Asateenager,whenmyfamilytookavacation,Iwrotepostcardstoshowmyfriendsthenew

placesIhadexplored.IconsideredpostcardsassimplyawaytosharetravelsuntilIcameacrossmy

grandmother'spostcardalbum.

Itwasadarkgrayleatheralbum,wheremostofthepostcardshadpicturesthatdidnotreflecta

holidayoratraveldestination.Instead,thenotesweremostlyinvitationstoadinnerpartyorawalk

thenextday.

“Whydothesepostcardsaskyoutocometotea?"1askedmygrandmother.

“BecausethisishowwecommunicatedbeforewehadatelephoneJshesaid."Iwouldpopa

postcardinthemorningmail,andafriendwouldreceiveitthatafternoon.Thenshe'dpostareply

thatarrivedinmymailthenextmoming.^^

Iwassurprised.LifewithoutaphonesoundedlikesomethingoutofLittleHouseonthePrairie.

Connectingbypostcardsseemedasunexpectedasusingacarrierpigeon.

Ihadforgottenaboutmygrandmother'spostcardsuntillockdownsrestrictedourtripstoseeing

ourthreegranddaughters.Rememberingmygrandmother^album,Iboughtseveralsetsofcardsand

everyfewweeks,Tdwritenotesandmailthem.Thegirlsoccasionallyrespondedwithbrief

thank-youtexts.

ThenonedayIopenedmymailboxandspiedthreehand-addressedenvelopes.Theywerefrom

mygranddaughters,eachthankingmeforthepostcards.Thenotescapturedtheirdisappointment

withthepandemicandhowmymessageshadcomfortedthem.

Ihadbeenthinkinghowmygrandmotherhadacceptedthetelephoneasanewwaytokeep

relationships.Likeher,Iacceptedthegirls'preferredmodeofcommunicationandtextedmythanks

fortheirletters.Yet,evenasthelockdownsend,Iwillcontinuetosendthempostcardsbecause

every-oneenjoysreceivingarealletterinthemail.

4.Whydidtheauthor'sgrandmotherwritepostcards?

A.Tosharetravelexperiences.B.Toconnectwithpeople.

C.Topassthetime.D.Toshowloveandcare.

5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoflifewithoutaphone?

A.Itwasstrangeandhardtoimagine.B.Itwaspeaceful.

C.Itwaslikelifeontheprairie.D.Itwasattractive.

6.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenreceivingletters?

A.Puzzled.B.Regretful.C.Delighted.D.Crazy.

7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AttractionofPostcardsB.NewWaysofCommunication

C.LoveduringLockdownsD.AnOldPostcardAlbum

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了在不同的時(shí)期和社會背景下，明信片對于她和祖母

的不同的意義。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Itwasadarkgrayleatheralbum,wheremostofthepostcardshad

picturesthatdidnotreflectaholidayoratraveldestination.Instead,thenotesweremostly

invitationstoadinnerpartyorawalkthenextday.（那是一本深灰色的皮革相冊，里面的明信片

上的照片并沒有反映出度假或旅游目的地。相反，這些便條大多是邀請他們參加晚宴或第二

天的散步）”可知，祖母寫明信片主要是聯(lián)系朋友，傳遞信息。故選B。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段"Iwassurprised.Lifewithoutaphonesoundedlikesomethingoutof

LittleHouseonthePrairie.Connectingbypostcardsseemedasunexpectedasusingacarrier

pigeon.（我很驚訝。沒有電+話的生活聽起來就像《草原小屋》里的故事。用明信片聯(lián)系就

像用信鴿一樣出人意料）”可知，作者認(rèn)為沒有手機(jī)的生活是不可理解、難以想象的。故選

Ao

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Likeher,Iacceptedthegirls,preferredmodeofcommunication

andtextedmythanksfortheirletters.（像她一樣，我接受了女孩們喜歡的交流方式，并發(fā)短信

感謝她們的來信）”可知，作者收到孩子們的來信是很開心的。故選C。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。這篇圍繞postcard展開，從“我”寄明信片和朋友分享旅行經(jīng)歷，到無意中發(fā)

現(xiàn)祖母的明信片冊，得知祖母那個(gè)時(shí)代人們寫明信片不同的意義，再到疫情期間，“我”給

孩子們寫明信片，“我”和孩子們都獲得了不一樣的心靈感受。故A選項(xiàng)“明信片的吸引

力”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。

C

ScientistsnearSanFranciscoworktoidentifyatypeofendangeredfishusingatoolthatwas

orig-inallymadefortreatingcancer.

Currently,CRISPRisusedtochangethegeneticmaterialinspecificcells.Bychangingthe

structureofimmunecells,ithelpsrecognizeandfightcancer.Thesametechnologyisnowusedina

specialmachinecalledSherlock,which,ofcourse,isnamedafterthefamousinvestigatorSherlock

Holmes.Theydonot,however,useSherlocktochangefishcells.Instead,theoceanresearchers

catchthefish,collectasmallamountofmucusandthentestthecellstofindthegeneticmakeupof

thefish.Itcanbedoneinabout30minutes.Inthepast,theresearcherswouldhavetowaitweeksor

monthstogettestresults.

Theresearchershavefoundthatthetechnologyisextremelyhelpfulwhenlookingatdifferent

speciesofChinooksalmons,becausetheylooknearlythesame.However,someofthemare

endangered,andthescientistsneedtokeeptrackofthem.

Inthepast,thescientistswouldcatchtheChinooksalmonandmeasurethemtotellthemapart.

“It'snotveryaccurate,saidAndreaSchreier,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia

inDavis.Nowsheisworkingonthesalmon.Schreiersaidwhentheycatchthefish,theSherlock

machinecanquicklytellthemiftheyhaveoneofthespecialsalmons.It'simportantbecauseit

allowsthescientiststodothingsthatwillhelptheendangeredsalmonlivelonger.Forexample,they

cancatchtheminlakesfarawayfromthecoastandtakethembytrucktotheSanFranciscoBay.In

thepast,thefishmighthavetriedtomakeittotheBaybyswimminginrivers.However,dueto

climatechange,theriverwaterissometimestoowarmforthefishtomakethetripsafely.

Schreiersaidshefeelsgoodabouttheprojectbecauseshelikesbeingabletoassistwith

conservation.reallywanttoworktomaintainourecosystemsandournativepopulations,given

thepressureshumansplaceonthemthroughourdifferentactivities.^^

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetechnology?

A.Efficient.B.Immature.C.Inaccurate.D.

Economical.

9.Whatdothenewtechnologyandthetraditionalwayhaveincommon?

A.Theytestthefish'smucustotellthemapart.

B.Theyarecarriedoutbyresearchersinthelab.

C.Theyhelpresearcherstelldifferentsalmonsapart.

D.TheyaimatbetterprotectingsalmonsinSanFrancisco.

10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheChinooksalmons?

A.Theywillsoondieout.B.Theyareofthesamesize.

C.Theyarenowwellprotected.D.Theyareusedtocoolwater.

11.WhatdoweknowaboutAndreaSchreierfromthetext?

A.Shethinkshumansaregreatlypressured.B.Shecannowspendlesstimeonher

work.

C.Sheisratherdevotedtotheconservation.I）.Shethinksherworkisofgreat

importance.

【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C

【分析】本文是一篇說明文?文章討論了一種叫做Sherlock的機(jī)器以及其所使用的CRISPR

技術(shù)?？蒲腥藛T通過該新技術(shù)能夠更快速準(zhǔn)確地辨別特定種類的瀕危Chinooksalmons,以

達(dá)到更好的保護(hù)目的。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Itcanbedoneinabout30minutes.Inthepast,theresearch-erswould

havetowaitweeksormonthstogettestresults.（大約30分鐘就可以完成。在過去，研究人員需

要等待數(shù)周或數(shù)月才能得到測試結(jié)果）”可推知，新技術(shù)的使用使得辨別魚類種群的時(shí)間大

為縮短，工作更為高效.故選A。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中wInstead,theoceanresearcherscatchthefish,collectasmallamount

ofmucusandthentestthecellstofindthegeneticmakeupofthefish.（相反，海洋研究人員捕捉

魚，收集少量粘液，然后測試細(xì)胞，以發(fā)現(xiàn)魚的基因組成）”；第三段中“Theresearchershave

foundthatthetechnologyisextremelyhelpfulwhenlookingatdifferentspeciesofChinook

salmons,becausetheylooknearlythesame.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)在觀察不同種類的奇努克

蛙魚時(shí)非常有用，因?yàn)樗鼈兛雌饋韼缀跻粯樱币约暗谒亩沃衋Inthepast,thescientistswould

catchtheChinooksalmonandmeasurethemtotellthemapart.（在過去，科學(xué)家們會捕捉奇努克

鯉魚并測量它們來區(qū)分它們）”可知，新舊兩種方法都是為了幫助研究者來區(qū)分不同種類的

蛙魚。故選C。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“However,duetocli-matechange,theriverwaterissometimes

toowarmforthefishtomakethetripsafely.（然而，由于氣候變化，河水有時(shí)過于溫暖，這種

魚類無法安全地游過）”可推知，該種魚類適宜在較涼爽的水域中生存。故選D。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中reallywanttoworktomaintainourecosystemsandournative

populations,giventhepressureshumansplaceonthemthroughourdifferentactivities.（我真的很

想努力維護(hù)我們的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和我們的本地人口，考慮到人類通過不同的活動對他們施加的壓

力）”可知，AndreaSchreier對自然保護(hù)工作十分投入。故選C。

D

Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,there'sagoodchancethat

you'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplechoose

partnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...andtheymayevenhave

facialfeaturesincommon.

TakeLotGeelsfromAmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,forexample.

“Wehavesimilarblondehairandblueeyes,“saysLot."'Neitherofusisverytall.We'rebothbuilt

athleticallyandwe'rebothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.

Evenifyoudon'tlooklikeyourpartner,youlikelysharenonphysicalcharacteristics,according

toagrowingfieldofresearch,likeeducationlevel,socioeconomicstatus,religion,personality

features,andevencorevalues.

LotandBrockfallintothistypeaswell."WebothhavePhDsandworkinresearch,shesays.

“Webothliveanactivelifestyle,mainlyrockclimbingandskiing.Ourworldviewsarepretty

simi-lar,andwe'rebothhard-working,socialandfriendlypcople.^^

Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeoplewithsimilaritiespairing

up-knownaspositiveassortativecoupling-fordecades.Ifyou'resurethat"oppositesattract”,

youmaybesuiprisedbyresearchfindings,whichprovethatlikeattractslike.However,ifyou

believethat“l(fā)ikesattracf,youprobablyunderstandwhypeoplesurprisinglyseeklifepartnerswho

remindthem,onsomecomfortinglevel,ofthemselves.

“There'sanelementofpredictabilitywhenyoudatesomebodyofasimilarbackground,says

TyTashiro,theauthorofTheScienceofHappilyEverAfter."They^elessthreatening,lessscary.

They'llbemoreofafamiliarpersonfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwefindattractive.^^

12.WhatcanweinferaboutLotandBrock?

A.Theyhavethesamehairandeyes.B.Theybothcomefromwealthy

families.

C.Theyareattractedbyeachother,ssimilarities.D.Theybothhavethesamecultural

background.

13.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedexpression"positiveassortative”?

A.Ofthepreferredtype.B.Ofthedifferenttype.

C.Ofthesimilartype.D.Oftheoriginaltype.

14.WhydopeopletrytofindsimilarpeopleaspartnersaccordingtoTyTashiro?

A.Theyarecomfortabletostaywith,B.Theyaremorethreateningand

scarier.

C.Theycandevelopthesamehobbiesandinterests,D.Theyhavethesamestatusandback

ground.

15.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconvey?

A.Loveme,lovemydog.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

C.Agoodwifemakesagoodhusband.I).Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder.

【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了人們在選擇伴侶時(shí)會傾向于尋找與自己有諸多共同

點(diǎn)人這一現(xiàn)象。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能沒有意識到，但當(dāng)你盯著伴侶的眼睛

時(shí)，很有可能你看到的是修改過的自己的倒影。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們選擇的伴侶往往與自己

的尺碼、體型和種族相似……他們甚至可能有共同的面部特征）"；第二段"TakeLotGeels

fromAmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,forexample."Wehavesimilar

blondehairandblueeyes,“saysLot."Neitherofusisverytall.We'rebothbuiltathleticallyand

we'rebothmainlyofEuropeanorigin.（以阿姆斯特丹的LotGeels和她的美國丈夫Brock

Mosovsky為例?！拔覀冇邢嗨频慕鸢l(fā)和藍(lán)眼睛，"Lot說，“我們兩個(gè)都不是很高。我們

都是運(yùn)動員，我們都是歐洲血統(tǒng)）”可推知，Lot和Brock這對夫婦是因?yàn)楸舜说南嗨浦幎?/p>

被相互吸引的。故選C。

【13題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeoplewith

similaritiespairing叩”（幾十年來，研究人員一直在研究相似人配對的現(xiàn)象，）即積極選型

配對。故positiveassortativecoupling即是指的similaritiespairingup,畫線詞意思是“相似類

型的"。故選C。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"They'relessthreatening,lessscary.They'llbemoreofafamiliar

personfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwefindattractive.（它們沒有那么可怕，那么嚇人。

從一開始他們就會更熟悉。熟悉是我們覺得有吸引力的東西）”可知，人們會試圖尋找相似

的人作為伴侶是因?yàn)楹退麄冊谝黄鸷苁娣?。故選A。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Youmaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner'seyes,

there'sagoodchancethatyou'relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves...

andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.（你可能沒有意識到，但當(dāng)你盯著伴侶的眼睛

時(shí)，很有可能你看到的是修改過的自己的倒影。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們選擇的伴侶往往與自己

的尺碼、體型和種族相似……他們甚至可能有共同的面部特征）”結(jié)合文章說明了人們在選

擇伴侶時(shí)會傾向于尋找與自己有諸多共同點(diǎn)的人這一現(xiàn)象。可推知，作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是

“物以類聚，人以群分”。故選B。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)

為多余選項(xiàng)。

Hasthiseverhappenedtoyou?You'reexhaustedafteralongworkingday,andtheonlything

youwanttodoisthrowyourselfonthebedandblackout.16!Instead,you'retossingand

turningwithyourmindoccupiedwithendlessthoughts.Howevertiredyou're,sleepkeepsescaping

fromyou!Thereasonforthatmightbethefollowingseeminglyinnocentbedtimehabits.

Drinkingwater

It'struethatourbodyneedstostayhydratedduringtheday,butstop“watering“itonehour

beforegoingtobed,otherwiseyou'llbecertaintomakeone,orevenacoupleoftripstothe

bath-room,whichwillrudelyinterruptyoursleep.17

Playingwithgadgets

Cutdownonyourscreentimebeforefallingasleep.Notonlydogadgetsover-stimulateyour

brain,makingitrestless,buttheirscreensalsogiveoffthatdisturbingbluelight.Thislightstops

yourbody'ssleephormoneandchangesyourinternalclock.18.Ofcourse,youcanchoosea

specialnightmodeonyourdevicestosolvetheproblem,butthebestsolutionistopowerdownall

hand-heldscreensanhourbeforesleeping.

19

It'sbelievedthateatingalotbeforegoingtobedcancausenightmares.Byeatingheavyfoods

fordinner,yourbrainisencouragedtobemoreactive,whichcanleadtovividnightmares.Besides,

aheartydinnerdisruptsyourdigestivesystemandcausesproblemswithyourstomach.

20.So,trytoavoidthebadbedtimehabits,andyou'llfeelmorerestedandenergeticin

themorningandduringthenextday.

A.Eatinglessatpropertime

B.Eatingheavilybeforesleep

C.Butunfortunately,youcan'tmakeit

D.Consequently,yourbraindoesn'tbelieveit'stimetogotobed

E.Forlackofpropersleep,youcangetphysicallyandmentallyill

F.It'snotonlyaboutthesizeofthemealbutthetimewhenyouhaveit

G.Moreover,mostpeoplehardlyfallbackasleepaftergettingupatmidnight

【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.B20.E

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了影響睡眠的三個(gè)睡前不良習(xí)慣一一即睡前飲水，睡

前玩電子設(shè)備和睡前過量飲食。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Hasthiseverhappenedtoyou?You'reexhaustedafteralongworkingday,andtheonly

thingyouwantlodoisthrowyourselfonthebedandblackout.（你遇到過這種情況嗎？在漫長的

一天工作之后，你已經(jīng)筋疲力盡了，你唯一想做的事情就是躺在床上昏睡過去）”以及后文

uInstead,you'retossingandturningwithyourmindoccupiedwithendlessthoughts.However

tiredyou,re,sleepkeepsescapingfromyou!（fflyS.,你輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)，思緒萬千。不管你有多累，

睡眠總是從你身邊溜走！）”可知，上文提到想睡覺，后文提到睡不著，可知本句與上文構(gòu)

成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故C選項(xiàng)“但不幸的是，你睡不著”符合語境，故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"It'struethatourbodyneedstostayhydratedduringtheday,butstop"watering"itone

hourbeforegoingtobed,otherwiseyou'llbecertaintomakeone,orevenacoupleoftripstothe

bath-room,whichwillrudelyinterruptyoursleep.（我們的身體在白天確實(shí)需要保持水分，但在

睡覺前一小時(shí)不要“喝太多水”，否則你肯定會去一次，甚至上幾次廁所，這將粗暴地打斷

你的睡眠）”可知，根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“睡前喝水會導(dǎo)致夜間上廁所從而影響睡眠”可知，此處

為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，即“而且大多數(shù)人半夜醒后難以入睡”。故G選項(xiàng)“此外，大多數(shù)人在午夜

起床后很難再睡著"符合語境，故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Cutdownonyourscreentimebeforefallingasleep.Notonlydogadgetsover-stimulate

yourbrain,makingitrestless,buttheirscreensalsogiveoffthatdisturbingbluelight.Thislight

stopsyourbody'ssleephonnoneandchangesyourinternalclock.（睡前減少看屏幕的時(shí)間。電子

產(chǎn)品不僅會過度刺激你的大腦，讓它焦躁不安，它們的屏幕也會發(fā)出令人不安的藍(lán)光。這種

光線會阻止你身體的睡眠激素，改變你的生物鐘）”以及后文"Ofcourse,youcanchoosea

specialnightmodeonyourdevicestosolvetheproblem,butthebestsolutionistopowerdownall

hand-heldscreensanhourbeforesleeping.（當(dāng)然，你可以選擇一種特殊的夜間模式來解決這個(gè)

問題，但最好的解決辦法是在睡覺前一小時(shí)關(guān)閉所有手持屏幕的電源）”根據(jù)該空前內(nèi)容

“睡前使用電子設(shè)備會抑制身體的睡眠激素并改變生物鐘”，以及后文“解決問題的方法”

可知，該空為使用電子設(shè)備的后果，即“大腦認(rèn)為此時(shí)還不是睡眠時(shí)間”。故D選項(xiàng)“因

此，你的大腦不認(rèn)為是時(shí)候睡覺了”符合語境，故選D。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容"It'sbelievedthateatingalotbeforegoingtobedcancausenightmares.Byeating

heavyfoodsfordinner,yourbrainisencouragedtobemoreactive,whichcanleadtovivid

nightmares.Besides,aheartydinnerdisruptsyourdigestivesystemandcausesproblemswithyour

stomach.（人們認(rèn)為睡前吃太多會導(dǎo)致噩夢。晚餐吃油膩的食物會讓你的大腦更加活躍，這

可能會導(dǎo)致生動的噩夢。此外，一頓豐盛的晚餐會擾亂你的消化系統(tǒng)，導(dǎo)致你的胃出現(xiàn)問

題）”故根據(jù)整段內(nèi)容可知，該段描述了“睡前不良習(xí)慣——過量飲食”。故B選項(xiàng)“睡前

吃太多”符合語境，故選B。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“So,trytoavoidthebadbedtimehabits,andyou'llfeelmorerestedandenergeticinthe

morningandduringthenextday.（所以，盡量避免壞的就寢習(xí)慣，你會在早上和第二天感到更

有精力和休息）”故從后文內(nèi)容可知，此處是對整篇文章進(jìn)行總結(jié)，“缺乏足夠的睡眠會影

響身心健康，所以應(yīng)避免這些睡前的不良習(xí)慣”。故E選項(xiàng)“由于缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)乃撸愕?/p>

身體和精神都會生病”符合語境，故選E。

第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空

白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Athirty-year-oldenvironmentalpuzzlehasfinallybeensolved.Sincethe1990s,piecesof

plastictelephonesthatlooklikeGarfield-thelazycartooncat-havebeen21upon

beachesinFrance.Butforthree22,nooneknewwherethephoneswerecomingfrom.On

March22,agroupofvolunteersfromacoastalclean-uporganization,alongwithtwojournalists

finallyfoundoutthe23totheirpuzzle.Theydiscovereda（n）24shippingcontainer

and25ofseveralGarfieldphonesinsidearockyseacave.Thecaveishardtofind,andcan

onlybe26whenthetide（sea）islow.

Shippingcontainersareusedtomovethingslikefood,clothingandotheritems27the

sea.Cargoships28hundredsofthehugesteelcontainersfromthecountrieswherethegoods

aremadeorgrown,tothecountrieswheretheywillbe29.However,30knowsfor

surehowtheshippingcontainerfullofGarfieldphonesendedupinthe31.

Peoplewholiveintheareasaythatthe32firstshoweduponbeaches33abig

stormintheearly1990s.Thecontainer34felloffashipduringthestorm,butnobodyever

reportedthatitwas35.

TheGarfieldphoneshavebecomeasymboloftheproblemofocean36FabienBoileau

isthedirectorofIroiseMarineNaturalPark,wherethecavewiththephonesis37.Hesaid

theGarfieldphoneshelppeopleto38thatplastictrashdoesn't39intheocean.Some

of