2022年四川省樂山市高一上學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

樂山市高中2024屆教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語（本試卷共10頁，滿分150分。考試時(shí)間120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.作答時(shí)，務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWillyouexpectyourchildtobefondofreading?Herearesomegoodchoicesforyou.IUsedtobeaFishThebookisanentrylevelpopularsciencebookwrittenbyTomSullivan.Alittleboy,whowasinspiredbyafish,fueledbyimaginationtotellofhisownlife’sstory,whichintroducesthehistoryofhumanevolution(進(jìn)化).Thebookhasbeenpraisedbymanypeopleintheindustry,aswellasbymanyparents.TheWindintheWillowsThebookpublishedin1908,isaseriesofanimaltalesbyBritishwriterKennethGrahame,atfirstasbedtimestoriesforhisson.Thework,withitsvividdescriptionsofthecountrysideandexcitingadventures,becameaclassicofEnglishchildren’sliterature.Charlotte’sWebCharlotte’sWebisachildren’sbookbyAmericanauthorE.B.White,publishedin1952.Charlotte,aspider,lostherlifetosaveWilbur,apigbywritingabouthisstoriesinherweb(網(wǎng)).PublishersWeeklyliststhebookasthebestsellingchildren’sbookofalltime.TheLittlePrinceTheLittlePrincewaswrittenin1942byFrenchWriterAntoinedeSaintExupery.TheLittlePrinceisapureandblueboywhocomesfromthesolarsystem.Hepassedthroughvariousstars,andlaterhearrivedattheEarth,tryingtofindsolutionstolonelinessandpain.21.Whichbookissuitabletoreadifachildwantstoknowwherehumancomesfrom?A.IUsedtobeaFish B.TheWindintheWillows C.Charlotte’sWeb D.TheLittlePrince22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsareNOTtrue?A.IUsedtobeaFishisspokenhighlyofbymanypeople.B.Charlotte’sWeblistedthebestbookofalltimetellsthestoryoffriendship.C.TheLittlePrinceisaboutasadboywhowantstoeasehisbadfeelings.D.TheWindintheWillowswasfirstlywrittenforKenneth’ssonasbedtimestories.23.Thepassageiswrittenmainlyfor________.A.teenagers. B.parents. C.teachers. D.booklovers.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四本適合兒童的讀物?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IUsedtobeaFish中“Alittleboy,whowasinspiredbyafish,fueledbyimaginationtotellofhisownlife’sstory,whichintroducesthehistoryofhumanevolution(進(jìn)化).(一個(gè)小男孩受到一條魚的啟發(fā)，在想象力的驅(qū)使下講述了他自己的人生故事，講述了人類進(jìn)化的歷史。)”可知，IUsedtobeaFish這本書講述了人類進(jìn)化的歷史，所以如果一個(gè)孩子想要知道人類從哪里來的，可以閱讀這本書。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Charlotte’sWeb中“PublishersWeeklyliststhebookasthebestsellingchildren’sbookofalltime.(《出版商周刊》將這本書列為有史以來最暢銷的兒童讀物。)”可知，Charlotte’sWeb這本書是最暢銷的兒童讀物，而不是最好的兒童讀物；由此可知，選項(xiàng)B的描述錯(cuò)誤。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一句“Willyouexpectyourchildtobefondofreading?Herearesomegoodchoicesforyou.(你希望你的孩子喜歡閱讀嗎?這里有一些不錯(cuò)的選擇。)”可知，本文介紹了四本適合兒童的讀物，由此可推知，這篇文章是寫給家長看的。故選B。BWhenIwasinmiddleschool,ImetmyEnglishliteratureteacher,whowasnewtoteaching.Shewasonly22butshealwaysdidherbesttomakelearningfun.Shewouldgiveusapersonalizedmininotebookforeverystudent’sbirthday.Ihadthissimplesmallnotebook.Shehadfilledthefirstcouplepagestellingmehowmuchshelovedhavingmeasastudent,howfarsheknewIwouldgo,andotheraffirmations.Itseemedsmallbutfora13-yearoldchildwhohadahardhomelife,itmadeallthedifference.InmyJunioryearofhighschool,inoneEnglishclass,wewerediscussingastorywhenonestudentcalledCarlmadeapoint.Theteacherwasdismissive(不以為然的)andsaidCarlwaswrong.Thenextday,theteachersaidhewaswrongtodismisswhatCarlsaidsoquickly.“Let’stakealookatthatagain”.Afterthediscussion,itbecameclearthatCarl’spointwasindeedunreasonable,butIwasimpressedtheteacherpubliclyownedhismistakeanddidwhatheshould.WhenIwasingradeone,mymothergavemeonereallyawfulhaircut.Thefirstdaybackatschoolafterthat,thekidspickedonmehorriblysomuchthatIranoutandhid.Theheadmasterfoundmeandtookmeback.Heaskedmetowaitoutsideforaminutewhilehetalkedtotheclass.Thenextdaywehadanassembly(朝會(huì))withtheentireschoolandhewalkeduponstagewithhisheadshavedcompletelybaldandtalkedaboutcampusbullying(欺凌).Twentyyearslater,Iranintohimatthelocalcollege.Ithoughthedidn’trememberme,buthesaidmynameandtheevent.Themanwasandisaheroinmyeyes.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“affirmations”inparagraph1mean?A.Instructions. B.Suggestions. C.Encouragements. D.Descriptions.25.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Carlreadanewstorytotheclassbeforediscussion.B.Iwasimpressedbytheteacher’steachingmethod.C.TheEnglishteachermadeanimmediateapologytoCarlinclass.D.Carl’spointwasn’tpaidmuchattentionbytheteacheratfirst.26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheheadmaster?A.Loyalandbrave. B.Patientandorganized. C.Funnyandkind. D.Kindandrespectable.27.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Lifecolumn. B.Sciencefiction. C.Fashionmagazine. D.Entertainmentnewspaper.【答案】24.C25.D26.D27.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者的英語文學(xué)老師和一年級(jí)的校長對(duì)作者的鼓勵(lì)和幫助。【24題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“howfarsheknewIwouldgo（她知道我會(huì)走多遠(yuǎn)）”可知，那位老師是鼓勵(lì)作者，因此劃線詞affirmation的意思是“鼓勵(lì)”，即encouragement，故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theteacherwasdismissive(不以為然的)andsaidCarlwaswrong.（老師不屑一顧，說卡爾錯(cuò)了。）”可知，卡爾的觀點(diǎn)起初并沒有引起老師太多的注意。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thenextdaywehadanassembly(朝會(huì))withtheentireschoolandhewalkeduponstagewithhisheadshavedcompletelybaldandtalkedaboutcampusbullying(欺凌).（第二天，我們和全校同學(xué)舉行了一次集會(huì)，他光頭走上臺(tái)，談?wù)撔@欺凌。）”及“Ithoughthedidn’trememberme,buthesaidmynameandtheevent.（我以為他不記得我了，但他說了我的名字和這件事。）”可知，那位校長剃光頭是為了保護(hù)那些受到校園欺凌的孩子，而且他20年后還記得作者的名字和那件事，因此他是善良和受人尊敬的，故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“WhenIwasinmiddleschool,ImetmyEnglishliteratureteacher,whowasnewtoteaching.（當(dāng)我在中學(xué)的時(shí)候，我遇到了我的英語文學(xué)老師，她是一個(gè)新的老師。）”及最后一段的“WhenIwasingradeone,mymothergavemeonereallyawfulhaircut.（我上一年級(jí)的時(shí)候，我媽媽給我剪了一個(gè)非常糟糕的發(fā)型。）”及后文講到校長在集會(huì)上講校園欺凌可知，作者是在回憶自己的英語老師和一位校長，因此這是關(guān)于生活的，可以在生活欄目看到這篇文章，故選A。CWhatcomestoyourmindwhenyouhearTHON?Isitamisspelledword?THONisastudentrunorganizationofouruniversity,whichaimstoimprovethelivesofchildrenandfamiliesinfluencedbychildhoodcancer.ThefirsttimeIfoundoutaboutthisorganizationwasinmymanagementcoursewhenmyprofessorshowedusavideo.Irememberedonesceneclearly—a5-year-oldkidwithwhitehairsitsontheshouldersofastudentinastadium,tryingtotouchthetransparent(透明的)bubble(氣泡).MyprofessortoldusthatthiswasTHONWeekend,whichisa46-hour,no-sitting,no-sleepingdancemarathon.Everyonewillcometothestage,havefunwithfriendsandenjoythemselves.Iwasgreatlyinterestedinitandbecameitsmember.IworksintheRulesandRegulationsCommittee.Wearemainlyresponsible(負(fù)責(zé)的)forpeople’ssafetyduringTHONWeekendandotherrelatedeventsandprovidinghelpforparticipants.Forexample,THON5kisoneoftherelatedevents.It’sthelargestraceinCentralPennsylvaniawithover4,000runnerseveryyear.Peoplewillcomeandrunacrossthecampus(校園).Marathonsarenoteasyforeveryone,especiallyforthosepeoplewhohavecancer.Therefore,wemakemarkstoshowpeopletherightwaybecauseouruniversityhaslotsofpaths.Wealsosetupmanystationstoprepareenoughwaterandfoodforthosecomingrunners.NowweareacceptingweeklytrainingtolearnhowtoprovidesafespacesforparticipantsuntilTHONWeekendarrivesinFebruarynextyear.IbelievebecomingaTHONmemberwillbeaspecialexperienceforeverystudentatPennState.28.WhatdoesTHONaimtodo?A.Tohelppeoplespellcorrectly. B.Tosetastudent-runorganization.C.Tomanagechildren’sliveswell. D.Tohelpchildrenwhohavecancer.29.WhydidtheauthorbecameamemberofTHON?A.Becausehisteacheraskedhimtotakepartinit. B.Becauseonesceneinitsactivitiestouchedhim.C.Becauseitsactivitieswereexcitingandamusing. D.BecausehecouldtakepartinTHONWeekend.30.WhatdoestheauthordoinTHON5k?A.Runningtheracewith4,000runners. B.Directingthetrafficduringtherace.C.Doingpreparationsforrunners’safety. D.Providingmedicalcareforrunners.31.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.THONisamisspelledword. B.THONWeekendopenstopublic.C.YouneedpaymoneytobeaTHONmember. D.ThewriterhasbeenwelltrainedforTHON.【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。作者介紹了大學(xué)里一個(gè)名為THON的學(xué)生組織，旨在幫助患有癌癥的兒童。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“THONisastudentrunorganizationofouruniversity,whichaimstoimprovethelivesofchildrenandfamiliesinfluencedbychildhoodcancer.”（THON是我們大學(xué)的一個(gè)學(xué)生組織，旨在改善受兒童期癌癥影響的兒童和家庭的生活。）可知，THON旨在改善受兒童期癌癥影響的兒童和家庭的生活，由此可知，THON旨在幫助患有癌癥的兒童。故選D項(xiàng)。29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Irememberedonesceneclearly—a5-year-oldkidwithwhitehairsitsontheshouldersofastudentinastadium,tryingtotouchthetransparent(透明的)bubble(氣泡).”（我清楚地記得一個(gè)場景——一個(gè)5歲的白發(fā)孩子坐在體育場里一名學(xué)生的肩膀上，試圖觸摸透明的氣泡。）和第三段關(guān)鍵句“Iwasgreatlyinterestedinitandbecameitsmember.”（我對(duì)它非常感興趣，并成為了它的成員。）可知，作者看到了THON活動(dòng)中的一個(gè)場景，記憶深刻并非常感興趣，于是成為了它的成員，由此可知，作者成為THON的成員是因?yàn)樗顒?dòng)中的一個(gè)場景觸動(dòng)了他。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“IworksintheRulesandRegulationsCommittee.Wearemainlyresponsible(負(fù)責(zé)的)forpeople’ssafetyduringTHONWeekendandotherrelatedeventsandprovidinghelpforparticipants.”（我在規(guī)章制度委員會(huì)工作。我們主要負(fù)責(zé)THONWeekend和其他相關(guān)活動(dòng)期間參與者的人身安全，并為參與者提供幫助。）和第四段關(guān)鍵句“Forexample,THON5kisoneoftherelatedevents.”（例如，THON5k是相關(guān)活動(dòng)之一。）可知，作者負(fù)責(zé)的是THONWeekend和其他相關(guān)活動(dòng)期間參與者的人身安全，而THON5k是相關(guān)活動(dòng)之一，由此可知，作者在THON5k中為跑步者的安全做準(zhǔn)備。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Everyonewillcometothestage,havefunwithfriendsandenjoythemselves.”（每個(gè)人都會(huì)來到舞臺(tái)上，和朋友們玩得開心，享受快樂。）和第四段關(guān)鍵句“Forexample,THON5kisoneoftherelatedevents.It’sthelargestraceinCentralPennsylvaniawithover4,000runnerseveryyear.”（例如，THON5k是相關(guān)活動(dòng)之一。這是賓夕法尼亞州中部最大的一場比賽，每年有超過4000名選手參賽。）可知，每個(gè)人都可以參加THONWeekend，它的相關(guān)活動(dòng)之一THON5k每年有超過4000名選手參賽，是賓夕法尼亞州中部最大的一場比賽，由此可知，THONWeekend對(duì)公眾開放，每個(gè)人都可以參加。故選B項(xiàng)。DComparedwiththeotherenvironmentalissues,litteringoftentakesabackseat—butit’smorepressingthanwemaythink.Ifyouweretothrow,forexample,abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongtheroad,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,becauseit’spartofafruit—right?Actually,no.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstobreakdown,andwithathirdofdriversadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofbananapeelgarbagemountain.Anorangepeelandacigaretteendhaveasimilarbiodegrading(降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslastforever,asdoglassbottles.Inspiteofthefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamage(破壞)theenvironmentanditsanimalsforlonger,wecan’tmeasuretheharmofacertaintypeofrubbishonlybyitslifetime.Forexample,evenwithafairlyshortbiodegradingtime,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlittercanbefoundintheUKeveryday.Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUKsmousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.It’snotacheaphabiteither:UKpays￡500milliontokeepourstreetsclean,andwhenyouincludeourgreenspaces,thatgoesupto￡1billion.So,it’snotsurprisingthatifcaughtfly-tipping(傾倒垃圾)youcouldfacea￡20,000fineorevenjailtime.Inspiteofhowheavythesepunishmentsmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000wereconvicted(定罪)outof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogo.32.Itcanbe________foracigaretteendtobreakdown.A.2years B.50years C.100years D.forever33.WhydoestheUK’smousepopulationincreasesharply?A.Becauserubbishhasdamagedtheenvironment. B.Becausemostrubbishhasalongtimetobreakdown.C.Becausetherearetoomuchcigaretterelatedrubbish. D.Becausemousescanfeedonmuchfoodrubbish.34Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph4that________.A.2,000peoplewereputintojailforlittering B.UKspent￡1billioninbuildinggreenspacesC.manypeoplewholitteredescapedpunishment D.youformthehabitoflitteringeasilyintheUK35.WhichofthefollowingharmsisNOTrelatedtolittering?A.Sharpclimatechangeinrecentyears. B.Increaseofmouseandpestpopulation.C.Highcosttokeeptheenvironmentclean. D.Garbagealongtheroadsandstreets.【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人們亂扔垃圾的害處，包括這些扔掉的垃圾需要很多年去降解，亂扔垃圾導(dǎo)致了老鼠的急劇增加以及清理垃圾需要花費(fèi)很大的成本?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話“Actually,no.Abananapeelcantakeuptotwoyearstobreakdown,andwithathirdofdriversadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofbananapeelgarbagemountain.”（事實(shí)上，這是不對(duì)的。一個(gè)香蕉皮可能需要兩年的時(shí)間才能分解，三分之一的司機(jī)承認(rèn)在開車時(shí)亂丟垃圾，這就是一大堆香蕉皮垃圾。）以及第二段倒數(shù)第二句話“Anorangepeelandacigaretteendhaveasimilarbiodegrading(降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminiumcanslastupto100years;”（橘皮和煙頭的生物降解周期與香蕉相似，但錫和鋁罐的使用壽命可達(dá)100年。）可推知，香蕉皮分解的時(shí)間為兩年，煙頭的分解時(shí)間和它相似，所以也需要兩年。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話“Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUKsmousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.”（同樣，我們經(jīng)常到處亂扔垃圾導(dǎo)致英國的老鼠數(shù)量增加了6000萬。）可推知，我們亂扔垃圾，老鼠們的食物就會(huì)增多，所以他們的數(shù)量就會(huì)急劇增長。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句話“Inspiteofhowheavythesepunishmentsmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000wereconvicted(定罪)outof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogo.”（然而，盡管這些懲罰似乎有多嚴(yán)厲，在報(bào)告的案件中，82.5萬起中只有2000起被定罪，因此我們還有一些路要走。）可推知，雖然對(duì)于亂扔垃圾的懲罰很嚴(yán)厲，但是在82.5萬起案件中只有2000起被定罪，所以亂扔垃圾的人逃脫了懲罰。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話“Ifyouweretothrow,forexample,abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongtheroad,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,becauseit’spartofafruit—right?”（例如，如果你在路上開車時(shí)把香蕉皮從車?yán)锶映鋈ィ菍⑹峭耆珶o害的行為，因?yàn)樗撬囊徊糠帧獙?duì)嗎？）可知，開車亂扔垃圾可以讓路上和街道上到處都是垃圾。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話“Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUKsmousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.”（同樣，我們經(jīng)常到處亂扔垃圾導(dǎo)致英國的老鼠數(shù)量增加了6000萬。）可知，由于人們亂扔垃圾，導(dǎo)致了老鼠的急劇增加；根據(jù)第四段第一句話“It’snotacheaphabiteither:UKpays￡500milliontokeepourstreetsclean,andwhenyouincludeourgreenspaces,thatgoesupto￡1billion.”（這也不是一個(gè)廉價(jià)的習(xí)慣：英國為保持街道清潔支付了5億英鎊，如果把我們的綠地包括在內(nèi)，這將高達(dá)10億英鎊。）可知，亂扔垃圾的成本也會(huì)很高，因?yàn)檎ê芏噱X保持良好的環(huán)境。所以近年來氣候急劇變化和亂扔垃圾無關(guān)。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Greenschoolsnotonlyareenvironmentallyfriendlybutalsoreducecostintheformofreducedwaterandenergyuse.Thedesignandmanagementforgreenschoolsshouldmeettherequirementsofsustainability(可持續(xù)).Tomaketheirschoolsgreenerandtoreducetheircarbonfootprintby30percentover5years,manyschoolsaretakingpartintheGreenSchoolsAlliance(GSA).____36____TheGSAprogramcovers5millionstudentsatmorethan8,000schoolsandorganizationsfrom48U.S.statesand91countries.AnyonecanjointheGSA,butyoudon’tneedtobeapartofaformalprogramtomakeenvironment-friendlypracticesinyourschool.Studentsandparentscancontributetomakingschoolsgreenerintheirdailylife.____37____1.Encourageparentsandkidstousepublictransportationortowalkorbiketoschool.2.Encourageparentsandkidstoavoidusingplastics.3.Encourageparentstoturnoffengineswhilewaitingoutsidetheschool.Inadditionstudentscanworkwiththeirschoolstodecideandreduceenergyuse.Firstly,studentscanhelpexamineandrecordtheirschool’slightandenergyuse.____38____TheGSAprovidesstudentswithastep-by-stepplantohelpfinishtasksofreducingcarbonemissions(排放)overafive-yeartimetable.____39____Forexample,schoolcanencouragestudentstousedaylightinsteadofoverheadlightingasmuchaspossible.Creatingagreenerschoolrequireseducatingthecommunityabouttheimportanceofreducingcarbonemissionsandlivingmoreenvironment-friendlylives.____40____Studentsmaybemoreencouragedtomaketheirschoolgreenerwhentheyknowwhatsimilarschoolsaredoing.A.Manyschoolshavebeengreenschools.B.Thehelpfulplanprovidesactionsschoolscantake.C.Findaplantotellyourschoolwhatyouredoing.D.Thenstudentscanchecktheschool’senergyuseonamonthlybasis.E.Thegoalistoachievecarbonneutrality(碳中和).F.Thegoodnewsisthatsomeschoolshaveofferedclassesonlivinggreenlives.G.Therearestepsthattheycantakeasfollows.【答案】36.E37.G38.D39.B40.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了很多綠色學(xué)校不僅對(duì)環(huán)境友好，而且以減少水和能源使用的形式降低成本，他們也加入了綠色學(xué)校聯(lián)盟，這個(gè)聯(lián)盟給加入的學(xué)校以及學(xué)生提出了很多的建議和指導(dǎo)，幫助學(xué)校和學(xué)生以至于家長讓學(xué)校變得更環(huán)保，并在5年內(nèi)減少30%的碳足跡?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Tomaketheirschoolsgreenerandtoreducetheircarbonfootprintby30percentover5years,manyschoolsaretakingpartintheGreenSchoolsAlliance(GSA).（為了讓學(xué)校更環(huán)保，并在5年內(nèi)減少30%的碳足跡，許多學(xué)校都參加了綠色學(xué)校聯(lián)盟。）”可知，很多學(xué)校加入了綠色學(xué)校聯(lián)盟，他們的目標(biāo)就是讓學(xué)校更環(huán)保，而且減少碳足跡。E項(xiàng)“目標(biāo)是實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和?！狈险Z境。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Studentsandparentscancontributetomakingschoolsgreenerintheirdailylife.（學(xué)生和家長可以在日常生活中為學(xué)校環(huán)保做出貢獻(xiàn)。）”以及下文可知，文章給出了3點(diǎn)學(xué)生和家長們應(yīng)該如何做才能在日常生活中為學(xué)校的環(huán)保做出貢獻(xiàn)的建議。G項(xiàng)“他們可以采取以下步驟。”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Inaddition,studentscanworkwiththeirschoolstodecideandreduceenergyuse.（此外，學(xué)生可以與學(xué)校合作，決定并減少能源使用。）”以及“Firstly,studentscanhelpexamineandrecordtheirschool’slightandenergyuse.（首先，學(xué)生可以幫助檢查和記錄學(xué)校的光和能源使用情況。）”可知，文中給出了學(xué)生和學(xué)校怎樣合作才能減少能源的使用得建議，D項(xiàng)中的“studentscanchecktheschool’senergyuseonamonthlybasis（學(xué)生可以每月檢查學(xué)校的能源使用情況）”是具體怎樣做的建議，符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“TheGSAprovidesstudentswithastep-by-stepplantohelpfinishtasksofreducingcarbonemissions(排放)overafive-yeartimetable.（GSA為學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的計(jì)劃，幫助他們在五年的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成減少碳排放的任務(wù)。）”可知，GSA為學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的計(jì)劃，幫助他們完成減少碳排放的任務(wù)。以及后面的例子，可知，這是學(xué)校采取的行動(dòng)。B項(xiàng)中的“Thehelpfulplan”和前文呼應(yīng)，“providesactionsschoolscantake（提供學(xué)?？梢圆扇〉男袆?dòng)）”也能承接下文。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Creatingagreenerschoolrequireseducatingthecommunityabouttheimportanceofreducingcarbonemissionsandlivingmoreenvironment-friendlylives.（創(chuàng)建一所更環(huán)保的學(xué)校需要教育社區(qū)減少碳排放和過更環(huán)保生活的重要性。）”可知，本段主要講述教育社區(qū)減少碳排放和過更環(huán)保生活的重要性，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“someschoolshaveofferedclassesonlivinggreenlives（一些學(xué)校開設(shè)了綠色生活課程）”呼應(yīng)“教育社區(qū)減少碳排放和過更環(huán)保生活”這一主題，學(xué)校開設(shè)相關(guān)課程這是一個(gè)好消息。故選F。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Havingmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs(突破),IwasonceaskedwhyIwasabletobesomuchmore____41____thantheaverageperson.What____42____mesofarapartfromothers?Well,thatallcamefroma(n)____43____withmymotherwhenIwastwo.Ihadbeentryingto____44____abottleofmilkfromthefridgewhenIlostmy____45____ontheslipperybottleandit____46____,spilling(灑)alloverthekitchenfloor.Whenmymothercamein,____47____shoutingatme,givingmealecture,or____48____me,shesaid,“Robert,whatagreatand____49____messyouhavemade!Well,the____50____hasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkbeforewe____51____itup?”Idid.Severalminuteslater,shesaid,“Youknow,Robert,wheneveryoumakea____52____likethis,intheendyouhavetocleanitupand____53____everythingtoitsproperorder.Howwouldyouliketodothat?Atoweloramop?”Afterthecleaningup,sheadded,“Whatwehavehereisa(n)____54____experimentinhowto____55____carryabigmilkbottle.Let’stryagainandseeifyoucan____56____awaytocarryitwithout____57____it.”ThenIlearnedthatifIgraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,Icould____58____it.ItwasatthatmomentthatIknewIdidn’tneedtobeafraidtomake____59____.Eveniftheexperiment“doesn’twork,”weusuallylearnsomething____60____fromit.41.A.attractive B.creative C.energetic D.fortunate42.A.contact B.broke C.stopped D.set43.A.experience B.conversation C.lesson D.quarrel44.A.steal B.drink C.carry D.draw45.A.weight B.sight C.control D.power46.A.fell B.disappeared C.moved D.exploded47.A.incaseof B.intermsof C.inreturnfor D.insteadof48.A.catching B.punishing C.bothering D.greeting49.A.wonderful B.powerful C.painful D.skillful50.A.change B.favour C.damage D.job51.A.pick B.clean C.bring D.put52.A.rule B.point C.mess D.decision53.A.return B.reduce C.allow D.add54.A.natural B.scientific C.fun D.failed55.A.quickly B.effectively C.normally D.frequently56.A.offer B.suggest C.remember D.discover57.A.dropping B.covering C.passing D.mixing58.A.check B.survive C.make D.get59.A.accidents B.mistakes C.enemies D.efforts60.A.reasonable B.enjoyable C.personal D.valuable【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.C45.C46.A47.D48.B49.A50.C51.B52.C53.A54.D55.B56.D57.A58.C59.B60.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者兩歲時(shí)掉了一瓶牛奶，他的母親沒有責(zé)罵作者，而是鼓勵(lì)他尋找其他辦法成功地拿穩(wěn)奶瓶，這讓作者明白自己不必害怕犯錯(cuò)誤，而要從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)有價(jià)值的東西?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在取得了幾項(xiàng)非常重要的醫(yī)學(xué)突破后，我曾被問及為什么我能比一般人更有創(chuàng)造力。A.attractive吸引人的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.fortunate幸運(yùn)的。由上文的“Havingmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs”可知，作者取得了幾項(xiàng)非常重要的醫(yī)學(xué)突破，作者比一般人更有創(chuàng)造力，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：是什么讓我如此與眾不同？A.contact聯(lián)系；B.broke打破；C.stopped停止；D.set設(shè)置。由“sofarapartfromothers”可知，此處是問“是什么讓我如此與眾不同”，setapart(from)為固定短語，意為“與從不同”，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一切都來自我兩歲時(shí)和我母親的一次經(jīng)歷。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.conversation對(duì)話；C.lesson課；D.quarrel吵架。由后文的“whenIwastwo”可知，接下來要講的是兩歲時(shí)的經(jīng)歷，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖從冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶，但瓶子太滑了，我失去了控制，牛奶掉了下來，灑了廚房的地板上。A.steal偷；B.drink喝；C.carry拿；D.draw畫畫。根據(jù)句中“abottleofmilkfromthefridge”和下文“howto15carryabigmilkbottle”可知，作者是試圖從冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖從冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶，但瓶子太滑了，我失去了控制，牛奶掉了下來，灑了廚房的地板上。A.weight重量；B.sight風(fēng)景；C.control控制；D.power力量。由后文的“spilling(灑)alloverthekitchenfloor”可知，牛奶灑了，是因?yàn)樽髡邲]拿穩(wěn)，牛奶瓶掉了，也就是失去了對(duì)牛奶瓶的控制，故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖從冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶，但瓶子太滑了，我失去了控制，牛奶掉了下來，灑了廚房的地板上。A.fell落下；B.disappeared消失；C.moved移動(dòng)；D.exploded爆炸。由后文的“spilling(灑)alloverthekitchenfloor”可知，牛奶瓶是落在地上，牛奶灑在了地板上，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：母親走進(jìn)來，可并沒有對(duì)我大喊大叫，也沒有教訓(xùn)我，更沒有懲罰我，她只說A.incaseof萬一；B.intermsof在……方面；C.inreturnfor作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)；D.insteadof而不是，代替。由后文的“shesaid”及作者媽媽所說的話可知，作者媽媽沒有對(duì)作者大喊大叫，空格處是“而不是，代替”，故選D。【48題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：母親走進(jìn)來，可并沒有對(duì)我大喊大叫，也沒有教訓(xùn)我，更沒有懲罰我，她只說……。A.catching抓住；B.punishing懲罰；C.bothering打擾；D.greeting問候。由后文的“shesaid”及媽媽所說的話可知，作者的媽媽并沒有教訓(xùn)作者也沒有懲罰作者，而是心平氣和地對(duì)作者說話，空格處是“懲罰”，故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：羅伯特，你制造了一個(gè)多么奇妙的大麻煩??！傷害已經(jīng)造成了。在我們把牛奶清理干凈之前，你想不想去玩一下？A.wonderful美妙的；B.powerful強(qiáng)大的；C.painful疼痛的；D.skillful熟練的。根據(jù)上文“whatagreat”和后文的“playinthemilk”可知，作者媽媽還允許作者在玩兒一下牛奶，因此媽媽認(rèn)為作者制造了一個(gè)奇妙的大麻煩，故選A。【50題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：羅伯特，你制造了一個(gè)多么奇妙的大麻煩啊！損壞已經(jīng)造成了。在我們把牛奶清理干凈之前，你想不想去玩一下？A.change改變；B.favour支持；C.damage損壞；D.job工作。由上文的“spilling(灑)alloverthekitchenfloor”可知，牛奶灑了一地，損壞已經(jīng)造成，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：羅伯特，你制造了一個(gè)多么奇妙的大麻煩啊！損壞已經(jīng)造成了。在我們把牛奶清理干凈之前，你想不想去玩一下？A.pick摘；B.clean清理；C.bring帶來；D.put放。由后文的“intheendyouhavetocleanitup”可知，作者媽媽是問作者在把牛奶清理干凈之前是否想玩兒一下，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你知道，羅伯特，無論什么時(shí)候，你制造了像這樣的一團(tuán)糟，最后你都必須把它清理干凈，并把一切都放回正常的位置。A.rule規(guī)則；B.point分?jǐn)?shù)；C.mess混亂；D.decision決定。由上文的“whatagreatand____9____messyouhavemade”可知，作者是制造了像這樣的一團(tuán)糟，makeamess意為“搞得一團(tuán)糟”，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你知道，羅伯特，無論什么時(shí)候，你制造了像這樣的一團(tuán)糟，最后你都必須把它清理干凈，并把一切都放回正常的位置。A.return歸還；B.reduce減少；C.allow允許；D.add增加。由后文的“toitsproperorder”可知，是把一切放回正常的位置，空格處意為“歸還”，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們在這里做的是一個(gè)如何有效地拿一個(gè)大奶瓶的失敗的實(shí)驗(yàn)。A.natural自然的；B.scientific科學(xué)的；C.fun有趣的；D.failed失敗的。由后文的“Let’stryagain”可知，這次是一個(gè)失敗的實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以才會(huì)叫再試一次，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們在這里做的是一個(gè)如何成功地?cái)y帶一個(gè)大奶瓶的失敗的實(shí)驗(yàn)。A.quickly迅速地；B.effectively有效地，成功地；C.normally通常；D.frequently頻繁地。由后文的“IlearnedthatifIgraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,Icould____18____it”可知，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是關(guān)于如何成功地拿一個(gè)大奶瓶，故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我們再試一次，看看你能不能找到一種方法，既能拿著它，又不會(huì)讓它掉下來。A.offer提供；B.suggest建議；C.remember記得；D.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。由后文的“awaytocarryitwithout____17____it”可知，是發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)方法來拿著奶瓶而不讓它掉下來，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：讓我們再試一次，看看你能不能找到一種方法，既能拿著它，又不會(huì)讓它掉下來。A.dropping落下；B.covering覆蓋；C.passing經(jīng)過；D.mixing混合。由后文的“ThenIlearnedthatifIgraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,Icould____18____it”可知，作者和作者的媽媽都想作者能夠拿著奶瓶而不讓它落下來，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果我用兩只手抓住瓶子頂部靠近瓶口的地方，我就能成功。A.check檢查；B.survive幸存；C.make使成功；D.get得到。由“graspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands”及常識(shí)可知，用兩只手抓住瓶子頂部靠近瓶口的地方就能成功地拿著奶瓶，makeit是固定短語，意為“成功”，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我知道我不必害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。A.accidents事故；B.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；C.enemies敵人；D.efforts努力。由后文的“Eveniftheexperiment‘doesn’twork,’”可知，此處說的是“我不必害怕犯錯(cuò)誤”，故選B。【60題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：即使實(shí)驗(yàn)“失敗了”，我們通常也能從中學(xué)到一些有價(jià)值的東西。A.reasonable合理的；B.enjoyable令人愉快的；C.personal個(gè)人的；D.valuable有價(jià)值的。由“l(fā)earnsomething”可知，當(dāng)然是學(xué)到一些有價(jià)值的東西，故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheancientXi’anheldChina’s14thNationalGamesinSeptember.____61____(be)thecapitalof13dynasties(朝代)throughoutChinesehistory,theancientcityhasneverbeenfarfromsports.StartingfromtheWesternZhouDynastytotheTangDynasty(618—907),____62____cityhasheldmanysportsevents.Cuju,theorigin(起源)ofmodernfootball,wasanancientChinese____63____(compete)gamerequiringkickingaballintoanet.____64____(describe)asaformofentertainmentamongthepublic,CujufirstappearedintheancientChinesehistoricalworkZhanGuoCe(StrategiesoftheWarringStates).Inthisperiod,peopleplayedthegame____65____fun.Later,Cujuwas____66____(usual)playedinthearmyformilitarytrainingpurposesduringtheHanDynasty.EmperorHangaozuLiuBang,thefirstemperoroftheWesternHanDynastynotonlylikedwatchingCujugames,butalwaystriedhisfootworkontheplayground.LiuChe,emperorWuoftheHanDynasty,____67____wascrazyaboutCuju,wouldbuildaCujufieldwhereverhisarmywent.HeusedCujuasaway____68____(train)soldiers.The____69____(early)recordofwomenCujuplayerscandatebacktotheHanDynasty.Asawayofnationalcultureprotection,Cuju_____70_____(list)intothefirstgroupofChina’sintangibleculturalheritages(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))in2006.【答案】61.Being62.the63.competitive64.Described65for66.usually67.who68.totrain69.earliest70.waslisted【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國古城西安和古代運(yùn)動(dòng)蹴鞠的發(fā)展歷史。【61題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：作為中國歷史上13個(gè)朝代的首都，這座古城從未遠(yuǎn)離過體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。分析句子可知，句子有謂語動(dòng)詞“hasneverbeenfarfrom”且句中無連詞，故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，句子主語“theancientcity”和“be”之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故空格處應(yīng)用“be”的現(xiàn)在分詞“being”，作狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Being。【62題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：從西周到唐代（618-907），這座城市舉辦了許多體育賽事。分析句子可知，句中“city”特指上文提到的“Xi’an”，故空格處應(yīng)用定冠詞“the”，表示特指。故填the。【63題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：蹴鞠，現(xiàn)代足球的起源，是一種古老的中國競技運(yùn)動(dòng)，需要將球踢入網(wǎng)內(nèi)。分析句子可知，句中“game”為名詞，前面應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，“compete”意為“競爭”，動(dòng)詞詞性，對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞為“competitive”，意為“競爭的”，在句中作定語。故填competitive?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：蹴鞠被描述為一種大眾娛樂形式，最早出現(xiàn)在中國古代歷史著作《戰(zhàn)國策》中。分析句子可知，句子有謂語動(dòng)詞“appeared”且句中無連詞，故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，句子主語“Cuju”和“describe”之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故空格處應(yīng)用“describe”的過去分詞“described”，作狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Described。【65題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：在這個(gè)時(shí)期，人們玩這個(gè)游戲是為了好玩。分析句子可知，句中