2022年福建省莆田市第一中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

莆田一中2021-2022學(xué)年度下學(xué)期期末考試試卷（時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分150）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級(jí)和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourbesttouristattractionsnamedbyLonelyPlanetfor2022NepalWhenpeoplediscussNepal,it’simpossiblenottotalkaboutMountEverest.ButthisHimalayannationhassomuchmoreonofferfortravelerswhoaren’tclimbingtheworld’shighestmountain.InthelonelyregionofMustang,whichmeans“richplain”,touristscanexplorethehighdesertandmeetlocalsathomestaysalongtheway,diningonNepalispecialties.MauritiusMauritiusisintheIndianOceanabout700mileseastofMadagascar.HerearesomereasonsforvisitingthisunderratedAfricangetaway.It’sinhabitedbyamultiracial,peacefulpeople,coveredingreatgolfcourses,offeringvariouswatersports,anoldcolonialcapital,greatfood,oneoftheworld’sbestgardens,goodnightlifeandgreatsightseeing.NorwayNorwayalwaysliesonthelistoftheworld’shappiestcountries.Sowhat’sthesecret?Mette-Marit,oneofthecountry’sroyals,hasoneanswer:“Welovebeingoutsideinnature.”Ifyouwanttotakeinthatpeacefulenergyforyourself,headtoBkeskogen,theworld’snorthernmostbeechforest.CookIslandsThisgroupof15islandsintheSouthPacificwasatthetopofmanyLonelyPlanetworkers’wishlistsfor2022andbeyond.What’sonoffer?Water-centricactivitieslikesnorkeling,divingandfishing,nottomentionalookatthenativeMaoricommunityinTeVaraNuiVillage.21.WhatcantouristsdoinNepal?A.Playgolf. B.Exploreadesert.C.Codivingandfishing. D.Visitancientbuildings.22.Whatcontributestothepeople’shappinessmostinNorway?A.Greatsightseeing. B.Peacefulenergy.C.Theworld’sbestgarden. D.Greatenjoymentinnature.23.WhatdoMauritiusandCookIslandshaveincommon?A.Theyofferwatersports. B.TheylieintheIndianOcean.C.Theyhavegreatbeechforest. D.Theyhavemanydifferentraces.【答案】21.B22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了《孤獨(dú)星球》評(píng)選出的2022年四大最佳旅游景點(diǎn)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Nepal中關(guān)鍵句“InthelonelyregionofMustang,whichmeans“richplain”,touristscanexplorethehighdesertandmeetlocalsathomestaysalongtheway,diningonNepalispecialties.”（在荒涼的姆斯唐地區(qū)，意思是“富饒的平原”，游客可以探索高沙漠，并在沿途的民宿與當(dāng)?shù)厝艘娒?，品嘗尼泊爾特色美食。）可知，在尼泊爾，人們可以探索沙漠。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Norway中關(guān)鍵句“Mette-Marit,oneofthecountry’sroyals,hasoneanswer:“Welovebeingoutsideinnature.””（英國王室成員梅特·瑪麗特的回答只有一個(gè)：“我們喜歡戶外的大自然?！保┛芍?，在挪威，享受大自然最能給人們帶來幸福。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Mauritius中關(guān)鍵句“It’sinhabitedbyamultiracial,peacefulpeople,coveredingreatgolfcourses,offeringvariouswatersports,anoldcolonialcapital,greatfood,oneoftheworld’sbestgardens,goodnightlifeandgreatsightseeing.”（這里居住著一個(gè)多種族、愛好和平的民族，有很棒的高爾夫球場，提供各種水上運(yùn)動(dòng)，一個(gè)古老的殖民首都，美味的食物，世界上最好的花園之一，美好的夜生活和絕佳的觀光。）及CookIslands中關(guān)鍵句“Water-centricactivitieslikesnorkeling,divingandfishing,nottomentionalookatthenativeMaoricommunityinTeVaraNuiVillage.”（提供什么？以水為中心的活動(dòng)，比如浮潛、潛水和釣魚，更不用說去看看TeVaraNui村當(dāng)?shù)氐拿松鐓^(qū)了。）可知，毛里求斯和庫克群島都提供水上運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A項(xiàng)。BInAmericanEnglish,whensomeonesayshehasto“facethemusic”,itdoesn’tmeanheisgoingtoamusicalperformanceoraconcert.Imagineafriendasksyoutotakecareofherbeautifulsportscar.Shesays,“Pleasedon’tdriveit.It’sanextremelyfastcar.”Butyouwanttopretendthecarisyours.So,youdriveitaroundonenight.Asbadluckwouldhaveit,youlosecontrolofthecaranddriveitintoastopsign.Whenyourfriendreturns,youmust“facethemusic”.Itcanbelosingherfriendshiporpayingforrepairstohercarorboth.In1851,thewriterJamesFenimoreexplained“facethemusic”.Inatheatertheorchestra(管弦樂隊(duì))sitsinfrontofthestage.So,theactorsonstagefacethemusicians.Manyactorsareverynervous,andthisconditioniscalled“stagefright”.Theymaywanttorunaway.“Facingthemusic”meansacceptingitandnotgivingintoit.Wordexpertssay“facethemusic”maycomefromthearmy.Asoldiercouldbeforcedoutofthehorsecavalry(騎兵團(tuán))becauseoftheseriousmistakeinthewar.Thearmydrummerswouldplayasadbeat.Thesoldierwouldbeseatedbackwardonahorseandfacethemusicofthedrums.To“takeyourmedicine”istoacceptthebadresultfromsomethingyouhavedone.Andifsomeonesays,“Youmadeyourbed.Nowlieinit.”hemeansyoucreateabadsituationandyoumustdealwithit.“Paythepiper”isalsosimilarto“facethemusic”.Butit’sfunto“l(fā)ieinthebedandenjoymusic”.Therearemanyidioms(習(xí)語)intheEnglishlanguage,whoserealmeaningsarelargelybasedonthecontext.Don’treadonlywithyoureyes,oryouwouldmakeafoolofyourself.24.InParagraph2,“facethemusic”probablymeans________.A.acceptthebadresult B.gotoaconcertC.refusetorepairthecar D.pretendthecarisyours25.Whatcanweknowaboutthesoldierinthetext?A.Hewantedtobeacavalryofficer.B.Hewouldplaythedruminthearmy.C.Hemusthavedonesomethingterrible.D.Hewouldbepunishedbythearmydrummers.26.Whichisdifferentfromtheotherexpressionsinmeaning?A.Paythepiper.BTakeyourmedicine.C.Lieinthebedandenjoymusic.D.Youmadeyourbed.Nowlieinit.27.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.ThegreatfunoflearningEnglishidioms.B.TheoriginsofsomeusefulEnglishidioms.C.SomeinterestingstoriesfromEnglishidioms.D.UnderstandingEnglishidiomsinthecontext.【答案】24.A25.C26.C27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了一些英語習(xí)語，并告訴我們應(yīng)在語境中理解它們。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itcanbelosingherfriendshiporpayingforrepairstohercarorboth.”（可能是失去她的友誼，或者支付她的汽車修理費(fèi)，或者兩者兼而有之）可知，“facethemusic”在第二段中表示“接受壞的結(jié)果”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Asoldiercouldbeforcedoutofthehorsecavalrybecauseoftheseriousmistakeinthewar.Thearmydrummerswouldplayasadbeat.Thesoldierwouldbeseatedbackwardonahorseandfacethemusicofthedrums.”（一名士兵可能因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭中的嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤而被迫退出騎兵部隊(duì)。軍隊(duì)的鼓手會(huì)演奏悲傷的節(jié)拍。士兵會(huì)向后坐在馬上，面對(duì)著鼓聲）可知，士兵一定做了糟糕的錯(cuò)事。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“To“takeyourmedicine”istoacceptthebadresultfromsomethingyouhavedone.Andifsomeonesays,“Youmadeyourbed.Nowlieinit.”hemeansyoucreateabadsituationandyoumustdealwithit.“Paythepiper”isalsosimilarto“facethemusic”.Butit’sfunto“l(fā)ieinthebedandenjoymusic”.”（“takeyourmedicine”是接受你所做的事情帶來的壞結(jié)果。如果有人說“Youmadeyourbed.Nowlieinit.”他的意思是你制造了一個(gè)糟糕的局面，你必須處理它?！癙aythepiper”和“facethemusic”也很相似。但“l(fā)ieinthebedandenjoymusic”很有趣）可知，Paythepiper.，Takeyourmedicine.及Youmadeyourbed.Nowlieinit.均為消極含義，而Lieinthebedandenjoymusic.為積極含義。可知，C含義與其它選項(xiàng)含義不同。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TherearemanyidiomsintheEnglishlanguage,whoserealmeaningsarelargelybasedonthecontext.”（英語中有許多習(xí)語，它們的真正含義很大程度上取決于語境）及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了英語中的一些習(xí)語，并告訴了我們這些習(xí)語在特定語境下的真正含義，因此，這篇文章主要講在語境中理解英語習(xí)語。故選D項(xiàng)。CManypeopledreamofgoingintospace,butuntilrecentlyonlyprofessionalastronautshadthatprivilege.Thatallchangedin2022,withsuccessfulfirstmissionsforseveralspacetourismcompanies.Firstofftherunway,inearlyJuly,wasRichardBranson’sVirginGalacticcompany.Itsspaceship,calledVSSUnity,tookfourpassengersandtwopilotsonatriptotheedgeofspace,wheretheyexperiencedweightlessnessandsawtheEarthfromabove.Unityhasafullyreusabledesign--itiscarriedtoaheightof9.5milesunderalarger“mothership”planecalledEve.Itisthenreleasedbeforefiringitsownrocketstoreachitsmaximumheightof53miles.Asitbeginstofall,itswingsturnaroundsothatitfloatsdownslowlylikeashuttlecock(羽毛球),beforelevellingoutandflyingbacktolandlikeanormalaeroplane.VirginGalactichopestobeginregularflightsin2023.Lessthantwoweekslater,AmazonfounderJeffBezos’sNewShepardrocketmadeitsfirstflight,launchingaspacecapsulewithfourpassengerstoanaltitudeof66miles.AmongthoseonboardwereBezoshimselfand82-year-oldWallyFunk,apioneeringfemalepilotwhotrainedforNASA’sMercuryprogrammeintheearly1960sbuthadwaited60yearsforherchancetogointospace.FunkbecametheoldestpersontoflyinspacebutonlyheldthatrecorduntilOctober,when90-year-oldactorWilliamShatnerflewonthesecondNewShepardlaunch.ShatnerplayedCaptainKirkintheStarTrekTVseriesandfilms.InSeptember,theInspiration4missioncarriedfourordinarypeopleintoorbitaroundEarth.ThelaunchwasthefirstprivatepassengerflightforElonMusk’sSpaceXcompany,usingaDragonspacecraftthatisalsousedforNASAmissions.DesignedtoraiseawarenessandfundsforStJudeChildren’sResearchHospitalinMemphis,US,themissionwaspaidforbybillionaireJaredIsaacman.Hewasjoinedonthethree-dayflightbymedicalresearcherHayleyArceneaux,competitionwinnerDrSianProctorandhospitalsupporterChrisSembroski.28.WhatcanweknowaboutVSSUnity?A.Itcanbeusedseveraltimes. B.Ithasstartednormalflights.C.Ittakesofffromtheground. D.Ittouchesdownlikeashuttlecock.29.Whatdoes“it”refertoinParagraph3?A.Eve. B.ashuttlecock. C.anaeroplane. D.Unity.30.Whoisthelatestpersontogointospaceaccordingtothepassage?A.HayleyArceneaux. B.WilliamShatner. C.JeffBezos. D.WallyFunk.31.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Newspacecraftswillweighincreasinglylight.B.Oldpeoplearemoresuitabletohavespacetravel.C.Ordinarypeoplecangointospaceinthenearfuture.D.Spacetravelmissionscanmeetthedemandforhospitals.【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了2022年，幾家太空旅游公司成功完成了首批將除了職業(yè)宇航員外的其他人送入太空的任務(wù)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段第一句“Unityhasafullyreusabledesign.(Unity擁有完全可重復(fù)使用的設(shè)計(jì))”可知Unity可以重復(fù)使用。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第三段第一句“Unityhasafullyreusabledesign--itiscarriedtoaheightof9.5milesunderalargermothershipplanecalledEve.(Unity有一個(gè)完全可重用的設(shè)計(jì)——它的高度為9，在一架名為Eve的大型母艦飛機(jī)下5英里。)”可知前面講了Unity高度為9，在在一架名為Eve的大型母艦飛機(jī)下5英里。由此可以推斷，本句中“Itisthenreleasedbeforefiringitsownrocketstoreachitsmaximumheightof53miles.”的“It”指代的是前文提到的Unity。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“FunkbecametheoldestpersontoflyinspacebutonlyheldthatrecorduntilOctober,when90-year-oldactorWilliamShatnerflewonthesecondNewShepardlaunch.(芬克成為太空飛行年齡最大的人，但直到今年10月，90歲的演員威廉·夏特納(WilliamShatner)進(jìn)行了第二次新謝潑德(NewShepard)發(fā)射，這項(xiàng)紀(jì)錄才被打破。)”可知今年10月，WilliamShatner打破了紀(jì)錄，說明他是最近進(jìn)入太空的人。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“InSeptember,theInspiration4missioncarriedfourordinarypeopleintoorbitaroundEarth….DesignedtoraiseawarenessandfundsforStJudeChildren’sResearchHospitalinMemphis,US,themissionwaspaidforbybillionaireJaredIsaacman.(9月，靈感4號(hào)任務(wù)將4名普通人送入地球軌道…該項(xiàng)目旨在為美國孟菲斯的圣猶大兒童研究醫(yī)院提高認(rèn)識(shí)，并籌集資金，由億萬富翁賈里德·艾薩克曼支付。)”可知今年9月，4名普通人進(jìn)入了地球軌道，同時(shí)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目就是為了籌集資金。由此推斷，將來普通人也可以進(jìn)入太空。故選C項(xiàng)。DIfyouweretothrow,say,abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthemotorway,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,duetothefactthatit’spartofafruit,right?Actually,no.Abananapeelcantakeuptwoyearstodecompose(分解),andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,that’sawholelotofwastebananapeels,ormuchworse.Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthasasimilarbiodegrading(生物降解)termtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminum(鋁)canslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslastforever,asdoglassbottlesandplasticbags.Despitethefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironment,wecan’tonlymeasuretheseverity(嚴(yán)重)ofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despitehavingafairlyshortbiodegradingspan,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitteristhrownintheUKeveryday.Similarly,ourregularlitteringhereandtherehascausedtheUK’smousepopulationtoincreaseby60million.Thissuddenlyisn’tsomysteriouswhenyouconsiderthatsincethe1960sourannuallitteringhasincreasedbyanastonishing500percent.It’snotacheaphabiteither:UKtaxpayersspent￡500milliononkeepingthestreetsclean.So,it’snotsurprisingthatifcaughtfly-tipping,youcouldfacea￡20,000fine.Regardlessofhowseverethepunishmentmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000werepunishedoutof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobeytherules.Totakebackourbeautifulcities,weneedtodomorethansimplynotleavingrubbishwhereitoughtnottobe.Weneedtocaremoreabouttheworldaroundus.32.Whichofthefollowingistheeasiesttodecomposeinthepassage?A.Aglassbottle. B.Aplasticbag. C.Analuminumcan. D.Anorangepeel.33.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph2?A.AnnuallitteringhasincreasedalittleintheUKsincethe1960s.B.Shorter-lastingmaterialswillbelessharmfultotheenvironment.C.Cigarette-relatedlitteringisasevereenvironmentalproblemintheUK.D.RegularlitteringhascausedtheUK’smousepopulationtoreach60million.34.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheUK’spunishmentonlittering?A.Everylittlehelps. B.Morehaste,lessspeed.C.Nopain,nogain. D.Adropinthebucket.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Littering,aSurprisinglyBigIssueB.EnvironmentIssues,aBigConcernC.RubbishCollection,anUrgentTaskD.Long-lastingMaterial,aHiddenDanger【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了不同的垃圾降解需要的時(shí)間不同，以此來號(hào)召人們合法扔垃圾?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Abananapeelcantakeuptwoyearstodecompose…Anorangepeelandacigarettebutthasasimilarbiodegradingtermtothatofabanana,buttinandaluminumcanslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslastforever,asdoglassbottlesandplasticbags.(香蕉皮需要兩年的時(shí)間才能分解……橙子皮和煙蒂的生物降解與香蕉相似，但錫罐和鋁罐可達(dá)100年；塑料瓶可以永久保存，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也是如此。)”可知橙子皮和香蕉皮相似，需要2年可以分解，鋁罐需要100年才可以分解，玻璃瓶、塑料袋和塑料瓶一樣，可以永久保存，因此香蕉皮是最容易分解的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“despitehavingafairlyshortbiodegradingspan,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitteristhrownintheUKeveryday.(盡管生物降解時(shí)間很短，但英國每天仍有超過120噸與香煙相關(guān)垃圾被丟棄。)”可知英國每天仍有超過120噸與香煙相關(guān)的垃圾被丟棄，C選項(xiàng)“Cigarette-relatedlitteringisasevereenvironmentalproblemintheUK(在英國，與香煙相關(guān)的亂扔垃圾是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題)”符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Regardlessofhowseverethepunishmentmightseem,however,amongthereportedcasesonly2,000werepunishedoutof825,000,sowestillhavesomewaytogoinmakingsurepeopleobeytherules.(然而，不管處罰看起來有多嚴(yán)厲，在報(bào)告的82.5萬起案件中，只有2000起受到了處罰，因此，在確保人們遵守規(guī)則方面，我們還有一段路要走。)”可知在報(bào)告的82.5萬起案件中，只有2000起受到了處罰，說明處罰的力度不夠強(qiáng)。D選項(xiàng)“Adropinthebucket(九牛一毛)”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第一段“Ifyouweretothrow,say,abananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthemotorway,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,duetothefactthatit’spartofafruit,right?Actually,no.(如果你在高速公路上開車時(shí)從車?yán)锶映鲆粋€(gè)香蕉皮，那將是一個(gè)完全無害的行為，因?yàn)樗撬囊徊糠郑瑢?duì)吧？事實(shí)上，不是)”及最后一段“Totakebackourbeautifulcities,weneedtodomorethansimplynotleavingrubbishwhereitoughtnottobe.Weneedtocaremoreabouttheworldaroundus.(為了奪回我們美麗的城市，我們需要做的不僅僅是不把垃圾留在不該留在的地方。我們需要更多地關(guān)心我們周圍的世界)”可知，本文主要講亂扔垃圾是一個(gè)大問題，這種行為造成的影響不容忽視，因此我們不能亂扔。A項(xiàng)“亂扔垃圾，一個(gè)令人驚訝的大問題”可以作為本文標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LearningtoManageYourTimeTheprinciplesbelowareabouteffectivetimemanagement.Thinkoftimemanagementtechniquesastoolstohelpyoudowhatyouvaluebest.____36____Commitment—Ifyoucan’tpromisetodevotetimetoatask,don’tputitinyourschedule.____37____Ifyoudon’tactuallysticktoyourschedule,itwillsoonbecomeuseless.Onethingatatime—Currentresearchshowsusthatmulti-taskingisuntrue.Whenswitchingbetweentasks,wepayatimecost:Ittakestimetogetmentallybackintothetask,thusmakinguslessefficient.____38____Thisdepthisnecessarywhereyouareexpectedtogainadeeperunderstanding.Response—Inthemomentofdecision-making,whenfacedwithotherthingswhicharenotincludedintheschedule,takeamomenttothinkandrespond.____39____Forexample,ifexerciseisatoppriorityforyou,don’tletasuddenfearaboutagradepreventyoufromexercising.Youcanreducetheamountofexercisetime,butdon’tcutitout.Don’tlet“mindgames”getintheway.Flexibility—____40____Don’tscheduleeveryhouroftheday.Leaveemptytimeandscheduleinentertainmenttime.CreatetwoorthreehoursonFridayasacatch-allmakeuptime.Whenthingscomeupandyouaredecidingwhethertodifferfromyourestablishedschedule,lookforfuturehoursanddaystoseewhereyoucanmakeuplosttime.A.Bebriefwhenmakingyourschedule.B.Howdoyoucombineflexibilitywithyourschedule?C.Whenswitchingwealsolosethedepthofourengagement.D.Trytokeeptheprinciplesinmindasyouscheduleyourtime.E.Switchblocksoftimesothatyourscheduleshowsyournewcommitment.F.Rememberwhat’smostimportanttoyouanddowhatwillhelpyougetit.G.Creatingascheduleyoucan’tactuallykeepissettingyourselfupforfrustration.【答案】36.D37.G38.C39.F40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要提出了一些時(shí)間管理的原則?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theprinciplesbelowareabouteffectivetimemanagement.Thinkoftimemanagementtechniquesastoolstohelpyoudowhatyouvaluebest.(下面的原則是關(guān)于有效的時(shí)間管理。把時(shí)間管理技巧看作是幫助你做你最看重的事情的工具)”結(jié)合后文詳細(xì)說明了這些原則，D選項(xiàng)中theprinciples對(duì)應(yīng)上文中Theprinciples。故D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你安排時(shí)間時(shí)，盡量記住這些原則”符合語境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyoucan’tpromisetodevotetimetoatask,don’tputitinyourschedule.(如果你不能保證花時(shí)間完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，就不要把它列入你的日程表)”以及后文“Ifyoudon’tactuallysticktoyourschedule,itwillsoonbecomeuseless.(如果你不堅(jiān)持你的時(shí)間表，它很快就會(huì)變得無用)”可知，前后文都提到了無法保證堅(jiān)持時(shí)間表的問題，即本句是在說明制定了實(shí)際上無法遵守的時(shí)間表會(huì)導(dǎo)致的問題，故G選項(xiàng)“制定一個(gè)你實(shí)際上無法遵守的時(shí)間表會(huì)讓自己陷入沮喪”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenswitchingbetweentasks,wepayatimecost:Ittakestimetogetmentallybackintothetask,thusmakinguslessefficient.(在不同任務(wù)之間切換時(shí)，我們付出了時(shí)間代價(jià)：我們需要花時(shí)間來重新回到任務(wù)中，從而降低了效率)”可知，上文提到了在不同的任務(wù)之間切換，C選項(xiàng)中switching對(duì)應(yīng)上文中switching。故C選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)切換時(shí)，我們也失去了參與的深度”符合語境，說明切換帶來的不良后果。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Response—Inthemomentofdecision-making,whenfacedwithotherthingswhicharenotincludedintheschedule,takeamomenttothinkandrespond.(回應(yīng)——在做決定的時(shí)候，當(dāng)面對(duì)計(jì)劃之外的事情時(shí)，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間思考和回應(yīng))”以及后文“Forexample,ifexerciseisatoppriorityforyou,don’tletasuddenfearaboutagradepreventyoufromexercising.Youcanreducetheamountofexercisetime,butdon’tcutitout.Don’tlet“mindgames”getintheway.(例如，如果鍛煉是你的首要任務(wù)，不要讓對(duì)成績的突然恐懼阻止你鍛煉。你可以減少鍛煉時(shí)間，但不要停止。不要讓“心理游戲”成為阻礙)”可知，后文提到了鍛煉是首要任務(wù)，就不要擔(dān)心成績，即強(qiáng)調(diào)記住最重要的是什么，故F選項(xiàng)“記住對(duì)你來說最重要的是什么，并做能幫助你得到它的事情”符合語境，故選F。【40題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Flexibility(靈活性)”以及后文“Don’tscheduleeveryhouroftheday.Leaveemptytimeandscheduleinentertainmenttime.CreatetwoorthreehoursonFridayasacatch-allmakeuptime.Whenthingscomeupandyouaredecidingwhethertodifferfromyourestablishedschedule,lookforfuturehoursanddaystoseewhereyoucanmakeuplosttime.(不要把一天中的每一個(gè)小時(shí)都安排好。留出空閑時(shí)間，安排娛樂時(shí)間。周五騰出兩三個(gè)小時(shí)來化妝。當(dāng)事情發(fā)生時(shí)，你正在決定是否要與既定的計(jì)劃有所不同，看看未來的幾個(gè)小時(shí)或幾天，看看哪些地方可以彌補(bǔ)失去的時(shí)間)”可知，本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了靈活性，B選項(xiàng)中flexibility對(duì)應(yīng)上文中Flexibility。故B選項(xiàng)“你是如何將靈活性和你的時(shí)間表結(jié)合起來的？”符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A.B.C.D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenthehostannouncedthatmychoir(合唱隊(duì))wonthesecondplaceoftheWorldChoirGame,Icouldn'tbelievewhatIheard.Allthe____41____thatwemadewasworthwhile.Throughthisunforgottenexperience,I____42____much.Inthesemi-finals(半決賽),weweresupposedtosingfoursongs.Whenweplayedthethirdsong,Isuddenlyheardanunexpected____43____—agirlinthealto(女低音)gotquick.Theotherstudentsinthealtowere____44____bythegirlandweregettingquickerandquicker.Ourchoir'sleader,MrsLinoticeditand____45____usedherhandtokeeptime,butshe____46____.Afterthesong,thesmileonMrsLi'sfacefrozeandsomeofourmembersturnedandtriedtofindthepersonwhofirstgot____47____.Mymindwasblank,butquicklyIrealizedtheonlythingwecoulddowasto____48____theperformance.Thenwithasmile,MrsLibecamea____49____again,whoseemedtohavetotallyforgotwhatwehaddone.Wesangthe____50____songasusual.Afterthecompetition,Iwasdisappointed.Justbecauseofoneperson'sfault,thewholechoirmustaffordthefactthatwemightlosethegame.Icried,butthenIfoundnothingwouldchangenomatterhowhardwe____51____thegirlwhoplayedpoorly.____52____,Icametoher,encouragedher,andpracticedthewholemelodywithher.Inthefinals,wegotthemedalbecauseofour____53____performance.Neverblameapersonwhenshemakesamistake,buthelphertosolvetheproblemwhenyouarestruggling____54____thesamegoal.Nomatterwhatyouwillexperiencewithothersinthefuture,successesorfailures,____55____ortears,thesewillsurelybecomeyourprecioustreasureandmemory.41.A.promises B.efforts C.requirement D.differences42.A.considered B.forgot C.learned D.explained43.A.name B.shout C.voice D.song44.A.drivenaway B.ledaway C.givenout D.turneddown45.A.similarly B.easily C.happily D.immediately46.A.failed B.succeeded C.arrived D.agreed47.A.busy B.wrong C.warm D.slow48.A.quit B.stop C.complete D.end49.A.conductor B.singer C.dancer D.worker50.A.late B.only C.first D.last51.A.blamed B.encouraged C.called D.asked52.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.However D.Besides53.A.bad B.common C.perfect D.rude54.A.up B.onto C.toward D.in55.A.mistake B.surprise C.sadness D.laughter【答案】41.B42.C43.C44.B45.D46.A47.B48.C49.A50.D51.A52.B53.C54.C55.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過在一次合唱比賽時(shí)意外失誤，沒有去責(zé)怪那個(gè)犯錯(cuò)的人而是和她一起練習(xí)，最后取得成功的故事，告訴我們：當(dāng)為了同一個(gè)目標(biāo)奮斗時(shí)，不要去責(zé)備一個(gè)人，而是要去幫助他解決問題?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們所有的努力都有了意義。A.promises承諾，諾言；B.efforts努力；C.requirement要求；D.differences不同。根據(jù)前文“WhenthehostannouncedthatmychoirwonthesecondplaceoftheWorldChoirGame,Icouldn'tbelievewhatIheard.”（當(dāng)主持人宣布我的合唱團(tuán)獲得世界合唱比賽第二名時(shí)，我簡直不敢相信）可知，此處是指“我”們所有的努力都有了意義。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過這次難忘的經(jīng)歷，我學(xué)到了很多。A.considered考慮；B.forgot忘記；C.learned學(xué)習(xí)；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)最后一段“Neverblameapersonwhenshemakesamistake,buthelphertosolvetheproblemwhenyouarestruggling14thesame…”（當(dāng)一個(gè)人犯錯(cuò)時(shí)，永遠(yuǎn)不要責(zé)怪她，而要在你們?yōu)橥粋€(gè)目標(biāo)而奮斗時(shí)，幫助她解決問題）可知，這是“我”從這次難忘的經(jīng)歷中學(xué)到的道理。故選C。【43題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們唱第三首歌時(shí)，我突然聽到一個(gè)意想不到的嗓音。A.name名字；B.shout呼喊；C.voice嗓音；D.song歌曲。根據(jù)“agirlinthealto(女低音)gotquick.”可知此處指“嗓音”，故選C。【44題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：女中音里的其他同學(xué)都被那個(gè)女孩帶錯(cuò)了，他們?cè)絹碓娇炝?。A.drivenaway趕走；B.ledaway引走；C.givenout分發(fā)，發(fā)出；D.turneddown減小，關(guān)小。根據(jù)“weregettingquickerandquicker”可知，女中音里的其他同學(xué)都被那個(gè)女孩帶錯(cuò)了。故選B。【45題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們唱詩班的領(lǐng)隊(duì)李老師注意到了這一點(diǎn)，立即用手來合拍子，但她沒能做到。A.similarly同樣的，類似的；B.easily容易地；C.happily快樂地；D.immediately立刻，馬上。根據(jù)“MrsLinoticedit”可知，領(lǐng)隊(duì)李老師注意到了節(jié)奏過快之后必定是立即用手來合拍子。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.failed失??；B.succeeded成功；C.arrived到達(dá)；D.agreed同意。根據(jù)下一段的描述，特別是第一句“李老師臉上的笑容凝固了”可知，李老師沒能把大家?guī)У秸_的調(diào)上來，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：唱完歌后，李老師臉上的笑容凝固了，我們的一些成員轉(zhuǎn)過身來，試圖找出第一個(gè)唱錯(cuò)的人。A.busy忙碌的；B.wrong錯(cuò)誤的；C.warm溫暖的；D.slow緩慢的。根據(jù)“triedtofindtheperson”可知，此處是指在唱完歌后成員們?cè)噲D找出第一個(gè)唱錯(cuò)的人。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的腦子一片空白，但很快我意識(shí)到我們唯一能做的就是完成整個(gè)過程。A.quit離開；B.stop停止；C.complete完成；D.end結(jié)束。根據(jù)后文“Wesangthe10songasusual.”（我們像往常一樣唱最后一首歌）可知，此處是指他們繼續(xù)完成整個(gè)過程。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，李老師微笑著又當(dāng)上了指揮，她似乎完全忘記了我們所做的一切。A.conductor指揮；B.singer歌手；C.dancer舞蹈家；D.worker工人。根據(jù)后文“whoseemedtohavetotallyforgotwhatwehaddone.”可知，此處是指李老師微笑著又當(dāng)上了指揮。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們像往常一樣唱最后一支歌。A.late晚的，最近的；B.only唯一的；C.first第一，首先；D.last最后的。根據(jù)“Afterthecompetition”可知此處指“最后一支歌”，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是后來我發(fā)現(xiàn)無論我們?cè)趺簇?zé)怪那個(gè)唱的不好的女孩，都不會(huì)改變結(jié)果。A.blamed責(zé)怪；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.called打電話；D.asked問。根據(jù)“hegirlwhoplayedpoorly”可知，此處指“責(zé)怪那個(gè)唱的不好的女孩”，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此,我走近她，鼓勵(lì)她，和她練習(xí)整個(gè)旋律。A.Otherwise否則；B.Therefore因此；C.However然而；D.Besides此外。根據(jù)上文語境，因?yàn)闊o論怎么責(zé)怪那個(gè)唱的不好的女孩，都不會(huì)改變結(jié)果，因此，走近她，鼓勵(lì)她，和她練習(xí)整個(gè)旋律，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在決賽中，因?yàn)槲覀儽憩F(xiàn)完美，獲得了獎(jiǎng)牌。A.bad壞的；B.common共同的；C.perfect完美的；D.rude粗魯?shù)?。根?jù)“wegotthemedal”可知，最后我們獲得了獎(jiǎng)牌，說明我們表現(xiàn)得很完美，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你們?cè)跒橥粋€(gè)目標(biāo)奮斗時(shí)，不要去責(zé)備一個(gè)人，而要幫助她解決問題。A.up在…之上；B.onto面向；C.toward為了，朝著；D.in在……里邊。根據(jù)“thesamegoal”可知，朝著同一個(gè)目標(biāo)奮斗，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無論你將來在別人身上經(jīng)歷什么，成功或失敗，歡笑或淚水，這些都將成為你寶貴的財(cái)富和記憶。A.mistake錯(cuò)誤；B.surprise驚奇；C.sadness悲哀；D.laughter笑，笑聲。根據(jù)后文“ortears”可知，or前后詞義相反，所以此處是指歡笑或淚水。故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forthepastfewyears,severalInternetbuzzwords(流行語)havegonepopular,“____56____(hero)inharm’sway,“l(fā)yingflat”,“neijuan”____57____(include).Once____58____ambassadortotheUnitedStatestoldapersonalstorytoexplainwhythegovernmentintroducedapolicytodealwithneijuan,or“involution”,abuzzword____59____(mean)irrational(非理性的)orinvoluntarycompetition,whichmakespeoplefeelburnedout.“Istillremembersome10yearsago,myweekends____60____(spend)rushingmykidfromonetrainingschooltoanother,andthecourseshetookrangedfrommathtophysics,”hesaid.Andafterawholedayofclasses,atutorcametohishomeintheevening.Whenthetutoringsessionfinished,hehimselfstillhadtohelphisson____61____hiscompositionhomework.Suchaphenomenonisverycommoninour____62____(compete)society.Manyparentsareextremelyafraidthattheirchildrenwillgetofftoaslowstart,sotheywouldratherdo____63____theycantoensurethattheirchildrencanhaveagoodeducation,whichunavoidablyresultsinagreat____64____(vary)ofonlineorofflinetutoringclasses.What’sworse,itreallydiscouragesparentsandchildrenthattheefforttheyhavepaiddoeslittle_____65_____(help)childrenwinanedgeoverothers.【答案】56.heroes57.included58.an59.meaning60.werespent61.with62.competitive63.whatever64.variety65.tohelp【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了“內(nèi)卷”這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行語。【56題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：在過去的幾年里，一些互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流行語已經(jīng)變得大眾化了，包括“最美逆行者”“躺平”、“內(nèi)卷”。hero為可數(shù)名詞，空前沒有冠詞限定，所以空處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指。故填heroes。【57題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在過去的幾年里，一些互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流行語已經(jīng)變得大眾化了，包括“最美逆行者”“躺平”、“內(nèi)卷”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作非謂語動(dòng)詞，include與“heroesinharm’sway”；“l(fā)yingflat”以及“neijuan”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式作后置定語。故填included?！?8題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：一次，一位駐美國大使講述了一個(gè)個(gè)人故事，解釋了為什么政府推出了一項(xiàng)政策來解決內(nèi)卷問題，或“內(nèi)卷化”，這是一個(gè)流行詞，意思是非理性或非自愿的競爭，這讓人們感到筋疲力盡，然而在大多數(shù)情況下，很少有人是特別有能力的。此處表示一位駐美國大使，空處應(yīng)用不定冠詞，ambassador是元音音素開頭的單詞，前邊應(yīng)用an。故填an?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：一次，一位駐美國大使講述了一個(gè)個(gè)人故事，解釋了為什么政府推出了一項(xiàng)政策來解決內(nèi)卷問題，或“內(nèi)卷化”，這是一個(gè)流行詞，意思是非理性或非自愿的競爭，這讓人們感到筋疲力盡，然而在大多數(shù)情況下，很少有人是特別有能力的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處作非謂語動(dòng)詞，mean與被修飾詞buzzword之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語。故填meaning。【60題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：他說：“我還記得大約10年前，我的周末都花在趕著孩子從一個(gè)培訓(xùn)學(xué)校趕到另一個(gè)培訓(xùn)學(xué)校，他上的課程從數(shù)學(xué)到物理都有?！敝髡Z與謂語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上文some10yearsago可知為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為myweekends，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填werespent?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：輔導(dǎo)課結(jié)束后，他自己還得幫兒子做作文作業(yè)。helpsb.withsth.為固定短語，表示“幫助某人某事”，所以空處應(yīng)用介詞with。故填with?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這樣的現(xiàn)象在我們這個(gè)競爭激烈的社會(huì)是很常見的。修飾后文名詞society應(yīng)用形容詞competitive，作定