2024年廣東省廣州市部分學校中考一模英語試題（解析版）

2024年廣東省廣州市部分學校中考英語一模試卷

一、語法選擇

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1?15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選

出最佳選項。

The19thAsianGameswasheldinHangzhou,ChinafromSeptember23toOctober8,2023.Hangzhouisa

greatplace]aboutChinesecultureandhistory.AndifsthethirdChinesecitytohostthissportingevent

2Beijingin1990andGuangzhouin2010.

TheHangzhouAsianGamesisa“green"and"smart“event.3nofireworkswereletoffinthecity

duringtheOpeningCeremony,yetthetelevisionviewerscouldseedigitalfireworks.Asidefromthat,thereisa

specialsystem4cantellpeople'sfacesinthekitchenoftheathlete'svillageinHangzhou.Ifa“stranger”

5intothekitchen,analarmwillgoofftoletpeopleknow.Themanagersofthekitchenwillalsoget

messageson6phones.There9salsoasystemtokeepaneyeonthetemperatureofthefridges.Everydishat

theAsianGamesshouldbe7andhealthytoeat.Besides,aminiprogramcalledtheHangzhouAsianGames

ARserviceishere8ifyoucan'tfindyourwaytowatchtheevents.You9turnonyourphone?s

camera.Thenitwillseewhereyouareandshowyoutheway.Youcanalsogetmoreinformationaboutthefields

asyouwalkby.

Theopeningceremonywasafantasticdisplay.It10intothreeparts：”TimelessGrace","TidalBore

oftheQiantangjiangRiver",and"'TogetherTowardstheFuture”.11showingthebeautyofChineseculture,

embracingtechnologicaladvancements,andpromotingglobalcooperation,theeventgave12exampleof

thetruemeaningoftheGames.InternationalOlympicCommitteePresidentThomasBachsaid,"Thisopening

ceremonywasaperfectcombinationofdigitaltechnologyandhumangracefulness.CongratulationstoChinaon

this13event.^^

AttheGames,Chinasucceededin14themostgoldmedalsandsilvermedals.TheHangzhouAsian

GameshasbecomethelargestAsianGames15.Itisnotonlyasportingevent,butalsoanimportant

windowfortheworldtoknowHangzhouandChineseculture.

1.

A.learnB.learntC.learnsD.tolearn

2.

A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.when

3.

A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.WhileD.If

4.

A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom

5.

A.goB.goesC.wentD.willgo

6.

A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs

7.

A.safeB.safetyC.safelyD.save

8.

A.helpB.helpsC.helpingD.tohelp

9.

A.simpleB.simplerC.simplestD.simply

10.

A.dividedB.wasdividingC.wasdividedD.hasdivided

11.

A.InB.WithC.OnD.By

12.

A.aB.anC.theD./

13.

A.exciteB.excitedC.excitingD.excitement

14.

A.gettingB.getc.gotD.gotten

15.

A.yetB.onceC.everD.just

【答案】l.D2.B3.A4.B5.B6.C7.A8.D9.D10.C11.D12.

B13.C14.A15.C

【解析】

【導語】本文主要介紹了杭州亞運會。

[1題詳解】

句意：杭州是一個了解中國文化和歷史的好地方。

learn了解，動詞原形；learnt動詞過去式或過去分詞；learns動詞三單；tolearn動詞不定式。根據(jù)“agreat

place...aboutChinesecultureandhistory”可知，此處用不定式作后置定語。故選D。

【2題詳解】

句意：它是繼1990年北京和2010年廣州之后第三個舉辦這一體育賽事的中國城市。

before在...之前；after在之后；until直至!J；when當時。根據(jù)"Andit'sthethirdChinesecityto

hostthissportingevent...Beijingin1990andGuangzhouin2010.“可知，杭州是在北京和廣州之后舉辦亞運會

的中國城市。故選B。

【3題詳解】

句意：雖然開幕式期間沒有燃放煙花，但電視觀眾可以看到數(shù)字煙花。

Although盡管；Because因為；While當……時；If如果。分析句子可知，空處前后是讓步關系，用

although引導讓步狀語從句。故選A。

【4題詳解】

句意：除此之外，杭州運動員村的廚房里還有一個特殊的人臉識別系統(tǒng)。

what什么，不引導定語從句；which指物，引導定語從句，在從句中作主語或賓語；who指人，在定語從

句中作主語或賓語；whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語。本句是定語從句，先行詞是物，用which引導定

語從句。故選B。

[5題詳解】

句意：如果一個“陌生人”走進廚房，警報器就會響起來讓人們知道。

go去，動詞原形；goes動詞三單；went動詞過去式；willgo一般將來時。本句是if引導的條件狀語從

句，根據(jù)“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是三單，謂語動詞用三單。故選B。

【6題詳解】

句意：廚房的經(jīng)理也會在他們的手機上收到信息。

they他們，主格；them賓格；their形容詞性物主代詞；theirs名詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)"phones”可知，此處

修飾名詞，用形容詞性物主代詞。故選C。

【7題詳解】

句意：亞運會上的每一道菜都應該是安全且健康的。

safe安全的，形容詞；safety名詞；safely副詞；save節(jié)省，動詞。根據(jù)“EverydishattheAsianGames

shouldbe...andhealthytoeat.”可知，be后跟形容詞作表語。故選A。

【8題詳解】

句意：此外，如果你找不到觀看比賽的路，一個名為“杭州亞運會AR服務”的微信小程序可以幫助你。

help幫助，動詞原形；helps動詞三單；helping動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；tohelp動詞不定式。根據(jù)“amini

programcalledtheHangzhouAsianGamesARserviceishere”可知，此處是表示目的，用動詞不定式。故選

Do

【9題詳解】

句意：你只需要打開手機攝像頭。

simple簡單的，形容詞；simpler比較級；simplest最高級；simply只，僅僅，副詞。此處用副詞修飾動詞

詞組turnon。故選D。

【10題詳解】

句意：它被分成三部分：《國風雅韻》、《錢塘潮涌》和《攜手同行》。

divided分離，動詞過去式或過去分詞；wasdividing過去進行時；wasdivided一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；has

divided現(xiàn)在完成時。主語It和動詞divide是動賓關系，因此用被動語態(tài)。故選C。

【11題詳解】

句意：通過展示中華文化之美，擁抱科技進步，促進全球合作，這次活動展示了亞運會的真正意義。

In在里面；With用，后跟具體工具；On在上面；By通過。bydoingsth”通過做某事“，固定短語。故選

Do

【12題詳解】

句意：通過展示中華文化之美，擁抱科技進步，促進全球合作，這次活動展示了亞運會的真正意義。

a不定冠詞，表泛指，用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前；an不定冠詞，表泛指，用于以元音音素開頭的單詞

前；the定冠詞，表特指；/零冠詞。根據(jù)"theeventgave...exampleofthetruemeaningoftheGames”可知，止匕

處表泛指，example“例子”，可數(shù)名詞，以元音音素開頭，所以空出用冠詞an。故選B。

【13題詳解】

句意：祝賀中國舉辦這么令人興奮的賽事。

excite使興奮，動詞；excited興奮的，修飾人；exciting令人興奮的，修飾物；excitement興奮，名詞。此

處修飾event,指物，用-ing形式的形容詞作定語。故選C。

【14題詳解】

句意：在運動會上，中國成功地獲得了最多的金牌和銀牌。

getting獲得，動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；get動詞原形；got動詞過去式；gotten動詞過去分詞。succeedindoing

sth“成功做某事”，固定短語，所以空處用動詞ing形式。故選A。

【15題詳解】

句意：杭州亞運會已成為有史以來規(guī)模最大的亞運會。

yet尚，還；once一■次，曾經(jīng)，多與過去時態(tài)連用；ever曾經(jīng)，多與完成時態(tài)連用；just只，僅僅。根據(jù)

“TheHangzhouAsianGameshasbecomethelargestAsianGames...”可知，此處加強語氣，杭州亞運會比以往

任何時候的規(guī)模都要大。故選C。

二、完形填空

Thirtyyearsago,adogcalledCookiecametomyhome.Thoughitwashardformetosupportanotherfamily

16,1nevergaveitasecondthought.

Iwasatravelwriter.Ioftentraveledoverthecountryto17materialforwriting.WhenIcameback

homeandwrotemystories,CookiealwayssatnexttomydeskandwecouldhaveconversationsaboutwhereI'd

beenandwhatI'dseen.We18eachotherasonlyanimalsandthosewholovethemcan.Ioftenreadwhat

I'dwrittentoher.Ifsheturnedawaytostartcleaningapaw,Iknewthatshedidn'tlikeitandIhadto19

mystory.Ofcourse,shedidn'tunderstandwhatIwasreallywriting.Butthiskindofcommunicationwithherwas

my20ofpushingastorytoahigherlevel.

Sheencouragedme21inmakingupstoriesandbecamemycompanioninmytravels.Somereaders

maythinkit22tohavesucharelationship,butdogownerslikemewouldknowifstrueandunderstand

us.

MyheartwasbrokenwhenmyfriendCookie23meforever.Shediedatherageof16.Likemany

oldfriends,sheandIsharedalotovertheyears.ImisshersomuchandIamalso24toherforbeingat

mysideforallthoseyears,listeningandsimplyloving.

Itdoesn'tmatterifsheneverunderstoodawordIsaidorthatsheneverleftme.Shewasmytravel

25andalwayswillbe.

16.A.hostB.workerC.memberD.cleaner

17.A.createB.collectC.buyD.check

18.A.shoutedatB.worriedaboutC.complainedtoD.communicatedwith

19.A.practiceB.describeC.improveD.recommend

20.A.wayB.effectC.degreeD.problem

21.A.greatlyB.loudlyC.suddenlyD.hardly

22.A.incorrectB.properC.simpleD.impossible

23.A.hurtB.forgotC.leftD.refused

24.A.generousB.thankfulC.friendlyD.helpful

25.A.partnerB.leaderC.guideD.supporter

【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.C20.A21.A22.D23.C24.B25.A

【解析】

【導語】本文主要講述了作者的一只寵物狗Cookie,她會在作者寫稿子時陪伴著作者，并且愿意聽作者的

事。作者把她當作自己終生的旅行伴侶，如果沒有Cookie的存在，作者不會那么成功。

【16題詳解】

句意：雖然我很難養(yǎng)活另一個家庭成員，但我從未多想過。

host主人；worker工人；member成員；cleaner清潔工。根據(jù)"Thoughitwashardformetosupportanother

family...”可知，此處是指很難養(yǎng)活家人。familymember"家人"。故選C。

【17題詳解】

句意：我是個旅行作家。我經(jīng)常周游全國收集寫作材料。

create創(chuàng)造；collect收集；buy買；check檢查。根據(jù)"materialforwriting."可知，此處是指收集寫作素

材。故選B。

【18題詳解】

句意：我們彼此交流，因為只有動物和愛它們的人才能交流。

shoutedat大喊；worriedabout擔心；complainedto抱怨；communicatedwith與...交流。根據(jù)"wecould

haveconversationsaboutwhereI'dbeenandwhatI'dseen.,>可知，這里指我們彼此交流。故選D。

【19題詳解】

句意：如果她轉(zhuǎn)身開始清理爪子，我知道她不喜歡，我必須改進我的故事。

practice練習；describe描述；improve提高，改進；recommend推薦。根據(jù)"Iknewthatshedidn'tlikeit”

可知，她不喜歡，所以我不得不改進自己的故事。故選C。

[20題詳解】

句意：但這種與她的交流是我將故事推向更高層次的方式。

way方式；effect影響；degree度數(shù)；problem問題。根據(jù)"thiskindofcommunicationwithherwasmy"可

知，此處是指這種交流是我將提升故事層次的方式。故選A。

[21題詳解】

句意：她鼓勵我編寫故事，并成為我旅行的伙伴。

greatly極大地；loudly大聲地；suddenly突然地；hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)"encouragedme...inmakingup

stories”可知，她極大地鼓勵我編寫故事。故選A。

【22題詳解】

句意：一些讀者可能認為不可能有這樣的關系，但像我這樣的養(yǎng)狗人會知道這是真的，并理解我們。

incorrect不正確的；proper真正的；simple簡單的；impossible不可能的。根據(jù)“butdogownerslikeme

wouldknowit'strueandunderstandus.w可知，此處是指一些讀者認為不可能有這樣的關系。故選D。

【23題詳解】

句意：當我的朋友Cookie永遠離開我時，我的心都碎了。

hurt傷害；forgot忘記；left離開；refused拒絕。根據(jù)"Shediedatherageof16.“可知，Cookie離開我了。

故選Co

【24題詳解】

句意：我非常想念她，我也感謝她這么多年來一直陪伴在我身邊，傾聽和愛著我。

generous慷慨的；thankful感謝的；friendly友好的；helpful有幫助的。根據(jù)uforbeingatmysideforall

thoseyears,listeningandsimplyloving.”可知，作者對此要感謝她的陪伴。故選B。

[25題詳解】

句意：她是我的旅行伙伴，而且永遠都是。

partner伙伴，搭檔；leader領導者；guide導游；supporter支持者。根據(jù)“forbeingatmysideforallthose

years,listeningandsimplyloving.”可知，她是我的伙伴。故選A。

三、閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

WhentalkingaboutfishinginChina,JiangTaiGongisverylikelytobethefirstnamethatwouldcometo

people'smind.

ThestoryhappenedinthelateyearsoftheShangdynasty.JiangTaiGongonceservedthekingofShang

dynasty,andbegantohatehimfortyrannyfromthebottomofheart.JiangTaiGongwasageniusinmilitarytactics

andgovernmentmanagement.HelivedneartheWeiheRiverabout3,000yearsago.Theareawasthefeudalestate

ofCountJiChang.JiangTaiGongknewJiChangwasveryambitious,sohehopedtogetJi'sattention.

HeoftenwentfishingattheWeiheRiver,buthewouldfishinanunusualway.Hehungastraightfishhook,

withoutbait,threefeetabovethewater.Lookers-onwerecuriousaboutit,andJiangTaiGongexplained,6<Iwould

liketotakehonestlyratherthantoaskforwiththekneesdown.Ifishnotforthefishbutforthenobility（高貴）

LaterwordstraveledtoCountJi.Hesentasoldiertoinvitehim.JiangTaiGongignoredthesolider,goingonwith

fishing,andwastalkingtohimself,“Fishing,fishing,nofishhasbeenhooked.Ashrimpisuptomischief（惡作

居ThesoldierreportedthisbacktoJiChang,whobecamemoreinterestedinthisman.Then,CountJisentan

officialtoinvitehim.Itdidn'twork.FinallyJiChangrealizedJiangmaybeagenius,sohewenttoinviteJiangTai

Gonghimself.Jiangsawhissincerityandhonestyandfinallydecidedtoworkforhim.Intheend,JiangTaiGong

helpedCountJiandhisoffspringbuildagreatpowerandbuildZhoudynasty-agreatdynasty.

Today,peopleusetheoldidiomTherearealwaysfishwillingtobecaughtbyanglerJiangTaigongto

describesomeonewhowillinglyfallsinatrapordoessomethingnomatterwhattheresultis.Thisidiomhasbeen

passedonfromgenerationtogeneration.Tosomedegree,itcouldberegardedasapartofChinesephilosophy.

26.WhydidJiangTaiGonggiveupservingthekingofShangDynasty?

A.BecauseJiangwastoooldtoservetheking.B.Becausethekingtreatedhispeoplerudely.

C.BecauseJiangwasanambitiousperson.D.Becausethekingdidn'tneedJianganymore.

27.HowdidJiangTaiGongfish?

A.Hefishedwithastraighthookinthewater.B.Hefishedwithoutbaitabovethewater.

C.Hefishedwithbaittopleadforfish.D.Hefishedwithausualfishhookwithoutbait.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“ashrimp^^inh3referto?

A.akindofanimalB.asmallfishC.thesoldierD.theofficial

29.Whichofthefollowingscanweusetheidiomtodescribe?

A.Linda,whostilltrustspeoplethattellliesB.Annie,whoisalwayswillingtohelpothers

C.Leo,whoenjoyssettingtapsforothersD.Tommy,whodoesthingsafterthinkingtwice

【答案】26.B27.B28.C29.A

【解析】

【導語】本文主要通過姜子牙的故事來解釋了一個詞語“姜太公釣魚，愿者上鉤”。

[26題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"JiangTaiGongonceservedthekingofShangdynasty,andbegantohatehimfortyrannyfi,om

thebottomofheart.”可知姜太公放棄為商朝國王效力是因為商王對待人們很殘暴。故選B。

[27題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Hehungastraightfishhook,withoutbait,threefeetabovethewater.”可知他在水面上釣魚，

沒有誘餌。故選B。

[28題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Hesentasoldiertoinvitehim.JiangTaiGongignoredthesolider,goingonwithfishing,and

wastalkingtohimself,Tishing,fishing,nofishhasbeenhooked.Ashrimpisuptomischief.5”可知此處指沒有等

到要等的人，等來了一個士兵，ashrimp在此處指代上文提到的士兵。故選C。

【29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Today,peopleusetheoldidiomTherearealwaysfishwillingtobecaughtbyanglerJiang

Taigongtodescribesomeonewhowillinglyfallsinatrapordoessomethingnomatterwhattheresultis."可知"姜

太公釣魚，愿者上鉤”用來描述那些無論結(jié)果如何都愿意落入陷阱或做某事的人。琳達依舊信任撒謊的

人，這個成語可以用來描述她。故選A。

SCENE1

|ThefirstspirittakesScroogeintothepast.Scroogeseeshimselfasayoungman.Heistalkingtoabeautifulgirl.]

Scrooge:Ourparentshavealwayswantedustomarry.

Girl:Iwanttohavechildrenandraiseafamily.Whymustwewait?

Scrooge:Idonothaveenoughmoneyyet.Marriageisexpensive.

Girl:Buttwocanlivealmostascheaplyasone.

Scrooge:Nonsense.Youwillneedfoodandclothing.Youhavenomoneyofyourown.AnywayIhavenotimeto

spare.Imustworkeverydayuntillatetomakemoney.

SCENE2

[ThefirstspiritturnstoScrooge.]

FirstSpirit:Shemarriedandhadafamily.Shelivesahappylifenow.Shewasneverrich,butherhusbandearned

enoughtoprovideaplacetolive,foodtoeat,andclothestowear.Thatwasenough.

SCENE3

[ThesecondspirittakesScroogetoBobCratchit'shouse.Bob,hiswife,Peterandthetwoyoungchildrenare

standingbythesideofasmallbedonwhichTinyTimislying.]

Bob:Heissoill.Idonotthinkhewilllive.

Mrs.Cratchit:Ifonlywehadsomemoneyforadoctor.

Peter:PerhapsifyouaskedMr.Scroogetolendyousomemoneyforadoctor,hewouldagree.

Bob:Idon'tthinkhewould.HewouldknowI'dneverbeabletopayitback.

Mrs.Cratchit:Hehassomuchmoney.Doesn'thecareaboutotherpeople?

SCENE4

[Scroogeturnstothesecondspirit.]

Scrooge:Spirit,tellmeifTinyTimwilldie.

SecondSpirit:Iseeanemptyseatandastickwithoutanowner.

Scrooge:Oh,no,kindSpirit!Sayhewillnotdie.Hemustnotdie.

一TakenfromAChristmasCarol

30.TheunderlinedsentencesinSCENE1tellus

A.whatthecharactersaredoing.

B.whenandwhereeachscenehappens.

C.whatthecharactersaresaying.

D.howmanyscenesthereareinoneact.

31.Accordingtothepassage,boththegirlandTinyTim

A.livesahappylifewiththeirfamilynow.

B.diedbecauseoftheseriousillness.

C.washurtbyScroogeinthepast.

D.can'treturnthemoneytheyborrowed.

32.WhichsentenceshouldgointheblankinSCENE3?

A.Whatishecuriousabout?

B.Whatisheworriedabout?

C.Whyisn'thegenerous?

D.Whyisn'theconfident?

33.WhatdothetwospiritswanttoshowScrooge?

A.Hisdreamsinthepastandbraveryatpresent.

B.Hismistakesinthepastandchangesatpresent.

C.Hiscarelessnessinthepastandprideatpresent.

D.Hiskindnessinthepastanddreamsatpresent.

【答案】30.A31.C32.C33.B

【解析】

【導語】本文是《圣誕頌歌》的劇本選段。

[30題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SCENE1[ThefirstspirittakesScroogeintothepast.Scroogeseeshimselfasayoungman.

Heistalkingtoabeautifulgirl.]”可知,場景一中畫線句子告訴我們一些角色正在做的事情。故選A。

【31題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SCENE1中“Nonsense.Youwillneedfoodandclothing.Youhavenomoneyofyourown.

Anyway,Ihavenotimetospare.”及SCENE3中"Idon'tthinkhewould."可知，過去他們被Scrooge傷害過。

故選Co

【32題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)SCENE3"Hehassomuchmoney.…Doesn'thecareaboutotherpeople?”可推出此處講到

Scrooge很富有，反問他難道不關心別人嗎，空處要反問“他為什么不慷慨呢？"，故選C。

【33題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知這兩個精靈想要展示給Scrooge他過去的錯誤和現(xiàn)在的改變。故選B。

Inthenearfuture,thedoctorswhotreatourillnessmightbetinymachinesthatswimthroughourbodies.Some

movieshaveplayedwiththeideaofmakingmachinesthesizeofacell（細胞）.Todayrobottechnologyhasbrought

theideaclosertothereallife.Inmylaboratory,Fmjusttryingtobuildsuchintelligent,orsmart,tinyrobots.

Tinylivingthings,suchasbacteria（細菌）,havemanyintelligentactions.Ifwecanmakerobotscopysomeof

them,ifsveryexciting.Thewaybacteriatravelacrosstheirenvironmentisunbelievable.Atfirst,theymovearound

withoutpurpose,butwhentheystartsensingfood,likeanaminoacid（氨基酸），theywillmovegraduallyinthat

direction.Asanexpertmakingrobots,Ithinkitisgreattomaketinyrobotsthatcandothesamething.

Forexample,lookatsomethinglikeE.coli（大腸桿菌）.Itcansenseaminoacidsaroundit.Itcanchangehow

it'smoving.Itcanrebuildorrepairitself.Infact,E.colidoesallthesesowellthatsomeresearchersareusingitas

partoftheirtinymachines.TheyaremakingtheirtinyrobotsgetfreeridesfromE.coli.AndE.colidoesallthe

sensingfortinyrobotsanddirectstheirmovements.

We'realreadyusingsmallerandsmallermedicaltools,likecatheters（導管）thatcantraveldeepintoyourbrain

totreatabloodclot（血塊）.Next,wewillputtinyrobotsintothebodythatcantravelintoevensmallerspacesand

treatillnessatanearlytime.Imagineatinyrobotthatcantreatabloodclotdeepinyourbrainthatcan'tbereached

withthecathetersweareusingtoday.

Wemaynotactuallyneedsomethingaspowerfulasartificialintelligence（AI）inthesecases.Wecanstillbuild

averyusefultinyrobotwithalowdegreeofintelligence.Forexample,ifatinyrobotnoticesabloodclot,itcan

slowlymoveinthatdirection,andcarrymedicinedirectlytothatpart.Itmightonlyhavetheintelligenceofbacteria

butcouldstillwork.

34.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewriter?

A.Thewriterisamiddleschoolteacher.B.Thewriterisadentistfromahospital.

C.Thewriterisanexpertmakingrobots.D.Thewriterisanexpertmakingmedicine.

35.WhataresomeresearchersdoingaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.UsingtinyrobotstosenseE.coli.B.LettingE.coliworkfortheirtinyrobots.

C.ChangingtinyrobotsintoE.coli'sdrivers.D.TellingtinyrobotstodirectE.coli'smovements.

36.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthecatheterstoday?

A.Theywillbewidelyusedbydoctorsinthefuture.B.Theyarenotabletogettotinierareasinthebody.

C.Theywillbesmarterthantinyrobotsinthefuture.D.Theycanhelpdoctorstakecareofpatientsontime.

37.Whafsthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.AIplaysanimportantroleindevelopingtinyrobots.

B.Tinyrobotscanrunfastandtreatabloodcloteasily.

C.Tinyrobotswithalowdegreeofintelligencearestilluseful.

D.Westillneedverypowerfulartificialintelligencetotreatillness.

【答案】34.C35.B36.B37.C

【解析】

【導語】本文介紹了微型機器人在醫(yī)學領域的應用情況。

【34題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Inmylaboratory,I'mjusttryingtobuildsuchintelligent,orsmart,tinyrobots."以及“Asan

expertmakingrobots,Ithinkitisgreattomaketinyrobotsthatcandothesamething.“可知,作者是——名制造機

器人的專家，故選C。

[35題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Infact,E.colidoesallthesesowellthatsomeresearchersareusingitaspartoftheirtiny

machines...AndE.colidoesallthesensingfortinyrobotsanddirectstheirmovements.”可矢口，——些研究人員把大

腸桿菌作為他們的微型機器的一部分，讓他們的微型機器人免費搭乘大腸桿菌，大腸桿菌為微型機器人做

所有的傳感并指導它們的運動，故選B。

【36題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)"We'realreadyusingsmallerandsmallermedicaltools,likecatheters（導管）thatcantravel

deepintoyourbraintotreatabloodclot（血塊）…can'tbereachedwiththecathetersweareusingtoday”可知,現(xiàn)

在醫(yī)療界已經(jīng)在使用越來越小的醫(yī)療工具，比如微型機器人，那么隨著科技的發(fā)展，微型機器人將被醫(yī)生

更加廣泛地使用，來到達導管到不了的地方。故選B。

[37題詳解】

段落大意題。根據(jù)"Wemaynotactuallyneedsomethingaspowerfulasartificialintelligence（AI）inthese

cases...Itmightonlyhavetheintelligenceofbacteriabutcouldstillwork.”可知，本段主要是說智能程度低的微

型機器人還是有用的，故選C。

Howdopeoplethinkdifferently?Thishasalwaysbeenunusual.Tosearchananswer,ascientistnamedJ.P

Guilfordstartedafamousstudyofcreativityinthel970s,knownasthenine-dotpuzzle.Heaskedtheparticipants

（參與者）toconnectallninedotsusingonlyfourstraightlines,withoutliftingtheirpencilsfromthepage.Allthe

participantslookedforsolutionswithinthesquaretheyimagined.Only20percentmanagedtobreakoutofthe

squareandcontinuetheirlinesinthewhitespacearoundthedots,whiletherestofthemwereblindedbythe

boundaries（邊界）ofthesquare.

TheresultsofGuilford^studyledhimtoaconclusion：creativityneedsyoutogooutsidethebox.Theidea

waswidelyspreadsoon.Overnight,itseemedthatcreativityexpertseverywherewereteachingmanagershowto

thinkoutsidethebox.Theideawassopopularthatnoonethoughtofcheckingthefacts.Noone,thatis,beforetwo

differentresearchteams:ClarkeBurhamwithKennethDavis,andJosephAlbawithRobertWeisberg,didanother

experiment.

TomakesurethatGuilford^studyiscorrect,bothteamsdividedparticipantsintotwogroups.Thefirstgroup

wasgiventhesameinstructionsastheparticipantsinGuilford^experiment.Thesecondgroupwastoldtodrawthe

linesoutsidetheimaginedbox.Guesswhat?Onlyalittlemorethan20percentsolvedthepuzzle,whichisnobig

differencefromtheresultofGuilford^experiment.

Lefslookalittlemorecloselyatthesurprisingresult.Solvingthisproblemrequirespeopletothinkoutside

thebox.However,directandclearinstructionsto"thinkoutsidethebox“donothelpparticipantsimprovetheir

performance.Thewidelyspreadideathatout-of-the-boxthinkingmakespeoplemorecreativecan,insomeway,be

dangerous.Afterall,withonesimplebutbrilliantexperiment,researchershadprovedthattheconnectionbetween

thinkingoutsidetheboxandcreativitywasamisunderstanding.

38.Whichofthefollowingpatternscansolvethenine-dotpuzzle?

39.Thenine-dotpuzzlestudyismainlyfocusedon

A.howpeopledothingsinreallife.

B.Somestudentsdon'tenjoybeingoutside.

C.whatknowledgepeoplehavelearned.

D.howpeoplethinkindifferentways.

40.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.PuzzleSolving:AKeytoCreativity

B.Nine-DotPuzzle:AMagicTest

C.ThinkingOutsidetheBox:AMisleadingIdea

D.CreativeThinking:AnUnusualTopic

【答案】38.B39.D40.C

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了20世紀70年代，一位名叫J.P.Guilford的心理學家進行了

一項著名的關于創(chuàng)造力的研究，名為“九點謎題”，這讓Guilford得出了一個籠統(tǒng)的結(jié)論：創(chuàng)造力需要你

跳出框框。但是后來有人通過研究證明這個結(jié)論是一個誤導。

【38題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第——段“Heaskedtheparticipants（參與者）toconnectallninedotsusingonlyfourstraight

lines,withoutliftingtheirpencilsfromthepage.Alltheparticipantslookedforsolutionswithinthesquarethey

imagined.Only20percentmanagedtobreakoutofthesquareandcontinuetheirlinesinthewhitespacearound

thedots,whiletherestofthemwereblindedbytheboundaries（邊界）ofthesquare.“可知，他要求參與者在不把

鉛筆從紙上拿起來的情況下，只用四條直線把九個點連起來。所有的參與者都在他們想象的廣場內(nèi)尋找解

決方案。只有20%的人成功地突破了正方形，并在圓點周圍的空白區(qū)域繼續(xù)他們的線條，而其余的人則被

正方形的邊界蒙蔽了雙眼。結(jié)合選項，圖B符合。故選B。

[39題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Howdopeoplethinkdifferently?Thishasalwaysbeenunusual.Tosearchananswer,a

scientistnamedJ.PGuilfordstartedafamousstudyofcreativityinthe1970s,knownasthenine-dotpuzzle”可

知，“九點謎題”這項研究主要關注的是人們是如何用不同的方法思考的。故選D。

[40題詳解】

最佳標題題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了20世紀70年代，一位名叫J.P.Guilford的心理學家進行了

一項著名的關于創(chuàng)造力的研究，名為“九點謎題”，這讓Guilford得出了一個籠統(tǒng)的結(jié)論：創(chuàng)造力需要你

跳出框框。但是后來有人通過研究證明這個結(jié)論是一個誤導。所以選項C“跳出思維定勢：一個誤導性的

想法”是最好的標題，故選C。

第二節(jié)閱讀填空

閱讀下面短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。每個選項僅使用一次。

Recently,Japanispouringtheirnuclearwastewater（核廢水）intothePacificOcean.Itplanstokeeppouring

theirnuclearwastewaterforatleast30years.Mostpeoplehaveheardthisnewsfromthenewspaper,onlinenews

andtheradio.41.

Inthenuclearwastewater,thereareover60radioactiveelements（放射性元素）.It'ssomethingsodangerous.

Ifsreallyharmfulforhumansandoceanenvironment.AstudyshowsthatthewaterfromJapanwillcoverallthe

seasontheearthin10years.Theoceanbelongstotheworld.42.Japanesegovernmentsaidthattheir

nuclearwastewaterissafeanditisn'tbadfortheenvironment.43.Infact,itisnow