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江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江市2023-2024學年高三下學期期初適應性練習

英語試題

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Contrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimetotravel.Below,you'llfind

recommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.

Sequoia(美洲杉)NationalPark,California

Thisparkisfamousforitsgiantsequoiatrees.Andthoughit'simpressivetowalkamong

250-footsequoias,snowshoeingorcross-countryskiingthroughGiantForestGrovewhenthe

toweringtreesaredustedwithsnowispuremagic.

Accommodation:ThecentrallylocatedVisaliaMarriottisjust40minutesfromtheparkgate.

Charleston,SouthCarolina

Startyourweekendgetawayonahistoriccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-clop

pastthecity'schurches,seewheretheystoredallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearn

aboutCharleston'spast.

Accommodation:Locatedinthecity*shistoricheart,theCharlestonPlacehotelfeaturesplush

roomsandexcellentdining.

Keystone,Colorado

SkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthetopresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski-

in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;andbeginnerterrain(地形).

Accommodation:KeystoneLodgeandSpahascozymountain-inspiredroomsandlofts,a

heatedoutdoorpoolandhottub.

ParkCity,Utah

Locatedjust40minutesfromSaltLakeCity,thelargestskiresortintheUnitedStatesis

knownforitslight,drysnow,sunnyskiesandvarietyofterrain.

Accommodation:Marriott5sSummitWatchisanaffordableoptionlocatedrightinParkCity,

anditoffersaccessiblerooms.

1.WhatwilltravelersdoinCharleston?

A.Walkalonggiantsequoiatrees.B.Skithroughsnow-coveredforests.

C.Explorethehistoriccity.D.Swiminaheatedoutdoorpool.

2.Whichdestinationgiveskidsachancetoskiforfree?

A.SequoiaNationalPark.B.Charleston.

C.Keystone.D.ParkCity.

3.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?

A.Theyarelocated40minutesfromthenearbycity.

B.TheyarefamousnationalparksintheUSA.

C.Theyoffercarriageridesatweekends.

D.Theyofferarangeofcold-weatherfun.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章推薦了幾個美國冬季最佳旅游景點。

【答案】1.C2.C3.D

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據Charleston,SouthCarolina部分的"Startyourweekendgetawayona

historiccarriageridedowntownincoldwinter.Clip-cloppastthecity'schurches,seewherethey

storedallthegunpowderbackinthe1700sandlearnaboutCharleston'spast.(在寒冷的冬天乘坐

歷史悠久的馬車開始你的周末之旅。咔嗒咔嗒地經過這座城市的教堂,看看他們在18世紀

儲存火藥的地方,了解查爾斯頓的過去。)”可知,游客在Charleston可以探索這座城市的

歷史。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據Keystone,Colorado部分的"SkireportwebsiteOntheSnowratesitthe

topresortforfamilies,thankstofreeparking;ski-in,ski-outlodgings;akids-ski-freeprogram;

andbeginnerterrain.(滑雪報告網站0ntheSnow將其評為最適合家庭的度假勝地,這要歸

功于免費停車;住宿;兒童免費滑雪項目;初學者地形。)”可知,Keystone給孩子一個免

費滑雪的機會。故選C。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第一■段aContrarytopopularbelief,winterisactuallyagoodtimeto

travel.Below,you511findrecommendationsforthebestplacestovisitinwinterintheUSA.(與普

遍的看法相反,冬天實際上是旅行的好時機。下面,你會發(fā)現美國冬季最佳旅游景點的推

薦。)”可推知,這四個地方的共同之處在于它們提供了一系列寒冷天氣的樂趣。故選D。

B

IfsanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVenturaDiveSport,andlifelong

seaman.He'sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversandsnorkeling(浮潛)

enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthernCaliforniancoast,inthe

remoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.

Onthistrip,inparticular,Smithishopingtospotgiantblackseabass,ahugeunderwater

creaturethatgrowsoversevenfeetlongandcanweighmorethan700pounds.Unsurprisingly,it's

afishthatsitsatopthefoodchain,andthespeciesisanimportantpartofthemarine(海洋的)

ecosystem.

Upuntilthe1970s,blackseabasswasacommonsightinginSouthernCalifornia,butdueto

overfishingtheirpopulationdramaticallydeclined.Asaresult,fishingforgiantblackseabassof

anykindwasbannedinCaliforniain1982.IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotected

watersofthenationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individuals

aroundtheCatalinaIslandalone.

Marinebiologists9photos-andindeedanyoneelse's-nowhaveapermanenthome,ona

newly-createddatabasenamedSpottingGiantSeaBass.Thewebsite,launchedandrunbythe

AquariumofthePacificinJuly,isajointcommunityefforttofindoutmoreaboutthese

mysteriouscreatures.Scientistshopetobeabletoanswerhowthepopulationischangingover

time,howfargiantseabassmove,wheretheyspawn(產卵),andhowtheygrowinmarine

protectedareas.Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrosstheGoldenState's

coastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithitsrecovery.

“OneofthemainthingspeoplewanttoseewhentheycomeoutwithusduringSeptember

andOctoberisgiantseabass,“Smithsays."Ifyou'reluckyenoughtobeonadiveandoneswims

pastyou...itreallyisthemostincredibleexperience.9,

4.WhoisJimSmith?

A.Amarinebiologist.

B.Adiveboatcaptain.

C.Afounderofawebsite.

D.Aguardofanationalpark.

5.WhatcanweinferaboutblackseabassintheChannelIslandregionnow?

A.Theyareexperiencingpopulationgrowth.

B.Theyarebeingoverfished.

C.Theyarelivinginterribleconditions.

D.Theyaredisappearingduetopollution.

6.Whichofthefollowingisconsideredas“apermanenthome^^inparagraph4?

A.SouthernCalifornia.

B.SpottingGiantSeaBass.

C.Marineprotectedareas.

D.TheAquariumofthePacific.

7.Whatwillbehelpfulfortherecoveryofblackseabassaccordingtotheresearchers?

A.Swimmingwiththeminthesea.

B.Prohibitingdeep-seadiving.

C.Workingtogethertorecordinformation.

D.Discoveringmoreislands.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是關于黑魚盧魚的保護和恢復,以及一個新的數

據庫的創(chuàng)建,幫助記錄和研究黑妒魚的信息。

【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C

[4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中"It'sanunusuallycalmmorningforJimSmith,ownerofVentura

DiveSport,andlifelongseaman.He'sinchargeoftheRaptor,carryingaboatloadofdiversand

snorkeling(浮潛)enthusiastsovertotheChannelIslandsanchoredjustofftheSouthern

Californiancoast,intheremoteChannelIslandsNationalPark.(對于文圖拉潛水運動公司的老

板、終身海員JimSmith來說,這是一個異常平靜的早晨。他負責“猛禽”號,載著一船潛

水員和浮潛愛好者前往海峽群島,停泊在南加州海岸外遙遠的海峽群島國家公園。)”可

知,JimSmith是一名潛水船只的船長。故選B。

[5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第三段中“IntheChannelIslandregion,thankstotheprotectedwatersofthe

nationalpark,thereisapromisingsign-arecentsurveyfoundaround50individualsaroundthe

CatalinaIslandalone.(在海峽島地區(qū),由于受國家公園保護的水域,出現了一個有希望的跡

象一一最近的調查發(fā)現,僅在卡塔利娜島附近就有大約50只個體。)”可知,在海峽島地

區(qū)附近,黑妒魚的數量是一個充滿希望的跡象即數量在不斷增加。故選A。

【6題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據第四段中劃線詞后面的內容“onanewly-createddatabasenamedSpotting

GiantSeaBass.(在一個新創(chuàng)建的名為“發(fā)現巨型海妒魚”的數據庫中。)”可知,海洋生物

學家們的照片現在存儲于一個新創(chuàng)建的名為“發(fā)現巨型海妒魚”的數據庫中。故a

permanenthome指的是“發(fā)現巨型海妒魚”的數據庫。故選B。

【7題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段中“Withmorethan1milliondivesrecordedannuallyacrossthe

GoldenState'scoastline,researchershopeajointefforttodocumentthisspecieswillaidwithits

recovery.(每年有超過100萬次潛水記錄在金州的海岸線上,研究人員希望共同努力記錄這

個物種將有助于它的恢復。)”可知,根據研究人員的說法,共同記錄信息將有助于黑海妒

魚的恢復。故選C。

C

Emotionsarelikeourbestfriend.Theyhavealwaysbeenapartofourlivesandhavebeen

influencingourpersonalitiesfromtheverybeginning.However,thisbegsthequestion-wheredo

emotionscomefrom?

Evolutionary(進化論的)psychologistsbelievethatemotionsareadaptationsthathave

evolvedinresponsetothechallengesfacedbyourancestors.Theybelievethatemotionsare

innate(先天的),meaningthatwearebomwiththemwiredintoourbrains.

Somepsychologistsrestricttheirclaimstoasmallsetof"basic“emotions,whicharecalled

theBigSix-happiness,sadness,fear,surprise,angeranddisgust.

Criticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsaresociallyconstructed.Theyreject

theevolutionarytheoryofemotionsbeinginvoluntary;instead,theybelievethatemotionsare

voluntarychoiceswetrickourselvesintotreatingasinvoluntary.

Defendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowweshouldfeelandwhatwe

shoulddoinagivensituation.Whenwefeelanemotionandactonit,weengageinabehavior

thatisprescribedbyourculture.

Peoplearguethatourpresumptionthatemotionsareinvoluntary,suchasanger,mayjustbea

convenientillusion(幻覺).Tobeangry,weneedtounderstandsomethingasoffensive(冒犯

的),whichislikelybasedonculturallyinformedmoraljudgments.Inthatcase,howcanangerbe

ananimalreflex(本能反應)?

Moreover,angerisnotseeninallcultures.InInuitculture,peoplerarelyshowanysignsof

anger,probablysincethreateningresponseswouldbetooriskyinasmallculturesurvivingin

harshconditions.TheMalaylanguageofMalaysiadoesn'tevenhaveawordmeaning“anger”!

Thefactthatculturecanaffecttheincidenceandintensityofouremotionsmakesthemlook

lesslikebiologicaltruthsandmoreliketheproductofsocialconstructs.

Frommyperspective,evolutionarypsychologistsunderestimatethecontributionsofculture

andlearning,whereassocialconstructionistsover-emphasizethesame.Basically,weneedan

explanationthatcansteerbetweenboththeseextremes.

Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup(冒出),thekeyistodeterminethe

underlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemosthelpfulinkeepingyoubalanced

andemotionallyundercontrol!

8.Whatdoevolutionarypsychologistsbelieve?

A.Wearebomwithemotions.

B.Personalitiesinfluenceemotions.

C.Emotionsarelearned.

D.Humanshavesixdifferentemotions.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prescribed“inparagraph5mean?

A.Copied.

B.Remembered.

C.Translated.

D.Required.

10.Whatdothetwoexamplesinparagraph7mainlyexplain?

A.Emotionsplayamajorroleinsurvival.

B.Peopleinpoorcircumstanceshaveemotions.

C.Peoplesolveproblemswiththehelpofemotions.

D.Emotionsaresociallyconstructed.

11.Whatisessentialwhenfacingtheoccurrenceofacomplexemotion?

A.Findingouttherealcoreemotions.

B.Takingactiontoignorebasicemotions.

C.Strikingabalancebetweenlifeandwork.

D.Makingeffortstobuildconfidence.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了情緒從何而來。

【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.A

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段"Theybelievethatemotionsareinnate(先天的),meaningthat

wearebomwiththemwiredintoourbrains.(他們認為情緒是天生的,這意味著我們出生時就

把它們連接到我們的大腦中。)”可知,進化心理學家認為,我們生來就有情緒。故選A。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據上文uDefendantsofthisviewbelievethatourcultureinfluenceshowwe

shouldfeelandwhatweshoulddoinagivensituation^持這種觀點的人認為,我們的文化影響

著我們在特定情況下的感受和行為。)”可知,當我們感受到一種情緒并采取行動時,我們

的行為是由我們的文化所規(guī)定的。prescribed意為“規(guī)定,指示”。故選D。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據文章第四段aCriticsofevolutionarypsychologyarguethatemotionsare

sociallyconstructed.(進化心理學的批評者認為情緒是社會建構的。)”、文章第五段

"Defendantsofthisviewbelieve...shoulddoinagivensituation.(持這種觀點的人認為,我們

的文化影響著我們在特定情況下的感受和行為。)”和文章第七段“Moreover,angerisnot

seeninallcultures.InInuitculture,…awordmeaning"anger"!(此夕卜,并非所有文化中都能看

到憤怒。在因紐特文化中,人們很少表現出任何憤怒的跡象,可能是因為在一個生存在惡

劣條件下的小文化中,威脅的回應太冒險了。馬來西亞的馬來語甚至沒有“憤怒”這個

詞?。笨赏浦?,第七段提到的兩個例子解釋了情緒是社會建構的。故選D。

【11題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段"Thenexttimeyoufeelacomplexemotionbubblingup(冒

出),thekeyistodeterminetheunderlyingbasicemotionssoyoucantakeactionthatisthemost

helpfulinkeepingyoubalancedandemotionallyundercontrol!(下次當你感至!種復雜的情緒

冒出來的時候,關鍵是要確定潛在的基本情緒,這樣你就可以采取行動,這對保持你的平

衡和情緒控制最有幫助?。笨芍?,面對復雜情緒的發(fā)生,找出真正的核心情緒是至關重要

的。故選A。

D

Activenoisecontroltechnologyisusedbynoise-cancelingheadphonestominimizeor

completelyblockoutoutsidenoise.However,despitethemanyadvancementsintechnology,

peoplestilldon'thavemuchcontroloverwhichsoundstheirheadphonesblockoutandwhichthey

letpass.

Now,deeplearningalgorithms(算法)havebeendevelopedbyagroupofacademicsatthe

UniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisestofilter(過濾)throughtheir

headphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed"semantichearing^^byitscreators.

TheAl-poweredheadphonesremoveallbackgroundnoisebystreamingrecordedaudio(音

頻)toasmartphonethatislinkedtothedevices.Throughthisprocess,theheadphoneuserscan

choosetostrengthenorcancelout20typesofsounds,usingvoicecommandsorasmartphone

app.Theheadphoneswillthenonlyletthroughthesoundsthathavebeenchosenbythewearer.

“Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneedtosyne(同步)withtheir

visualsenses.Thismeanstheneural(神經的)algorithmsmustprocesssoundsinundera

hundredthofasecond.^^saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota,aUWprofessor.

Duetothistimeconstraint,thesemantichearingsystemchoosesaprocessthatrelieson

noisescommunicatedonadevicelikealinkedsmartphone.Furthermore,inorderforhumansto

continuetoeffectivelyexperiencesoundsintheirenvironment,thesystemneedstomaintainthese

delaysbecausesoundscomingfromdifferentdirectionsenterpeople'searsatdifferenttimes.

Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavarietyofsettings.Thesemantichearing

systemwasabletoisolatetargetsounds,whileatthesametimeremovingbackgroundnoise.In

termsofthesystem'saudiooutputforthedesiredsounds.22participantsgaveitanaveragerating

higherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoiserecordings.

Therewere,however,afewdisadvantages:theAl-poweredsystemoccasionallyhadtrouble

recognizingsoundsthatweretoosimilar.Theresearcherssaidthatthesystemcouldproduce

betterresultsifitsmachinelearningmodelsweretrainedonmorerealworlddata.

12.Whatcandeeplearningalgorithmsdo?

A.Improveuserslisteningability.

B.Helpusersremoveunwantednoise.

C.Stoppeoplefromenteringnoisyareas.

D.Createcommunicationbetweenusers.

13.WhatshouldtheneuralalgorithmsdoaccordingtoShyamGollakota?

A.Selectheadphoneusers.

B.Processdatawithoutnoticeabledelay.

C.Followthewaypeoplespeak.

D.Improvethequalityofsmartphones.

14.Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutthesysteminthetrials?

A.Ithasimprovementinsoundquality.

B.Ithelpsthemrecognizeparticipants*voices.

C.Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.

D.It'ssuitabletostrengthenbackgroundnoise.

15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Thesemantichearingsystemstillhassomedrawbacks

B.Thesemantichearingsystemcanrecognizehumanspeech

C.Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyouhear

D.AInoise-cancelingheadphonesnowhaveacommercialversion

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章介紹了華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)的深度學習算

法,使用戶能夠實時選擇通過耳機過濾的噪音。

【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.C

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Now,deeplearningalgorithms(算法)havebeendevelopedby

a...hearing^^byitscreators.(現在,華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)了一種深度學習算法,使用

戶能夠實時選擇通過耳機過濾哪些噪音。該系統被其創(chuàng)建者命名為“語義聽力”。)”可

知,深度學習算法可以幫助用戶消除不必要的噪音。故選B。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第四段中""Thechallengeisthatthesoundsheadphonewearershearneed

tosyne(同步)withtheirvisualsenses.Thismeanstheneural(神經的)algorithmsmustprocess

soundsinunderahundredthofasecond."saidseniorauthorShyamGollakota.aUWprofessor.

(“挑戰(zhàn)在于,耳機佩戴者聽到的聲音需要與他們的視覺感官同步。這意味著神經算法必須

在百分之一秒內處理聲音。資深作者ShyamGollakota說。華盛頓大學教授。)”可知,根

據ShyamGollakota認為,耳機佩戴者聽到的聲音需要與他們的視覺感官同步,這意味著神

經算法必須在百分之一秒內處理聲音,即深度學習算法在處理數據時,沒有明顯的延遲。

故選Bo

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段"Trialswereundertakenbytheresearchersinavariety

of...participantsgaveitanaverageratinghigherthantheyassignedtotheoriginalnoise

recordings.(研究人員在各種環(huán)境下進行了試驗。語義聽覺系統能夠隔離目標聲音,同時去

除背景噪音。在系統的音頻輸出為所需的聲音。22名參與者給它的平均評分高于他們給原

始噪音錄音的評分。)”可知,在試驗中發(fā)現語義聽覺系統能夠隔離目標聲音,同時去除背

景噪音,22名參與者給它的平均評分高于他們給原始噪音錄音的評分,即它的音質有所改

善。故選A。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據第二段“Now,deeplearningalgorithms(算法)havebeendevelopedbya

groupofacademicsattheUniversityofWashingtonthatenableuserstoselectwhichnoisesto

filter(過濾)throughtheirheadphonesinreal-time.Thesystemhasbeennamed“semantic

hearing”byitscreators.(現在,華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)了一種深度學習算法,使用戶能

夠通過耳機實時選擇過濾哪些噪音。該系統被其創(chuàng)建者命名為“語義聽力”。)”以及通讀

全文可知,這篇文章介紹了華盛頓大學的一組學者開發(fā)的深度學習算法,使用戶能夠實時

選擇通過耳機過濾的噪音。通過將錄制的音頻傳送到與設備連接的智能手機上,這種人工

智能耳機可以通過語音命令或智能手機應用程序選擇加強或消除20種類型的聲音,并只允

許佩戴者選擇的聲音通過。C選項"Alnoise-cancelingheadphonesletyouchoosewhatyou

hear(人工降噪耳機可以讓你選擇聽什么)”概括文章主要內容,符合文章標題。故選C。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有

兩項為多余選項。

Wintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere?snoescape.16.

Happily,therearemanywaystodealwithdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.

?Useahumidifier(加濕器)toincreasehumidity.

Inthecoolerwintermonths,ahumidifierinyourhomeorofficewillrestoremoisturetothe

air,helpingtokeepyourskinhydrated(含水的).

Runahumidifierinyourentirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimto

keepindoorhumiditylevelsbetween30and50percent.17Ifyou5reunsureofyour

home'shumiditylevels,youcanbuyahumiditymeter.

?Keepthermostat(恒溫器)temperaturescoolandcomfortable.

Ifyou'relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatassoonas

yougethome.18Tryacoolyetcomfortablesettingtopreventyourskinfromdrying

further-theAmericanOsteopathicCollegeofDermatologyrecommends68to75degreesF.

?19

Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenifscold,butveryhotwatercandry

outtheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahotone.

Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfrom

exposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(濕疹).20

Ifyoustillexperiencedryness,discomfort,andrednessaftertryingthesehealthyskintips,

expertssuggestusinganover-the-counterIpercenthydrocortisonecreamortalkingwithyour

doctor.

A.Firstly,applyhandcreamaftereachwashing.

B.It'squiteunusualtofindyourskinredanddryinwinter.

C.Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou9resleeping.

D.Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.

E.Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouseevendrier.

F.Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytotheskin.

G.Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassittingbyaroaringfire,candryyourskin.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個在冬季也能處理皮膚干燥并保持舒適的方

法。

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.F

【16題詳解】

由上文uWintercancausedamagetoyourskin,anditcanfeellikethere'snoescape.(冬天會對

你的皮膚造成傷害,而且感覺無處可逃。)”以及后文"Happily,therearemanywaystodeal

withdryskinandkeepyourselfcomfortable.(令人高興的是,有很多方法可以處理皮膚干燥并

保持舒適。)”可知,空前提到了皮膚在冬季可能會出現不舒服的感覺,空處后提到了處理

皮膚干燥并保持舒服的方法。G項Eventhethingsthatmakewinterwonderful,suchassitting

byaroaringfire,candryyourskin.(即使是那些讓冬天變得美好的事情,比如坐在熊熊燃燒

的火爐旁,也會使你的皮膚干燥。)符合文意,該項提到了在冬季會讓皮膚變得干燥的原

因,引出后文中對抗皮膚干燥以及解決問題的方法,起到承上啟下的作用。故選G項。

【17題詳解】

由上文“Useahumidifier(加濕器)toincreasehumidity.(使用加濕器增加濕度)”可知,該段

提到了加濕器能在一定程度上改善皮膚干燥的狀況,再由上文“Runahumidifierinyour

entirehomeorinroomsyouspendthemosttimein,andaimtokeepindoorhumiditylevels

between30and50percent.(在你的整個家或你呆的時間最長的房間里安裝一個加濕器,目標

是將室內濕度保持在30%到50%之間)”可知,加濕器可以將室內濕度保持在30%到50%之

間。C項Oneoptionistoturnitonovernightwhileyou'resleeping.(一種選擇是在你睡覺的時

候把它打開過夜)符合語境,其中it指代上文ahumidifier,有承上作用。故選C項。

【18題詳解】

由上文“Ifyou'relookingtoescapedry,coldoutdoorair,youarelikelytoturnontheheatas

soonasyougethome.(如果你想逃離干燥、寒冷的室外空氣,你很可能一回家就打開暖

氣)“可知,為了避寒可以打開暖氣,E項Buthighcentralheatcanmaketheairinyourhouse

evendrier.(但是,高的中心熱量會使你家的空氣更加干燥。)符合語境,指出暖氣會讓皮膚

干燥。故選E項。

【19題詳解】

由下文“Long,steamyshowersmaysoundlikeagreatideawhenifscold,butveryhotwatercan

dryouttheskin.A5-to10-minutewarmshowerislesslikelytoworsendryskinthanahot

one.(在寒冷的時候,長時間的蒸汽淋浴聽起來可能是個好主意,但熱水會使皮膚變干。與

熱水淋浴相比,5到10分鐘的溫水淋浴不太可能惡化干燥的皮膚)”以及"Youshouldalso

avoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfromexposuretohotwateror

coolwinteraircancauseaneczema(濕疹).(你也應該避免用過熱的水洗手。皮膚因暴露在熱

水或涼爽的冬季空氣中而干燥會導致濕疹)”可知,這里主要講避免長時間熱水洗澡和用過

熱水洗手。D項Lowerwatertemperaturesforshoweringandhand-washing.(降低淋浴和洗手

的水溫。)符合語境,對下文有總括作用。故選D項。

[20題詳解】

由上文“Youshouldalsoavoidusingexcessivelyhotwatertowashyourhands.Dryskinfrom

exposuretohotwaterorcoolwinteraircancauseaneczema(濕疹).(你也應該避免用過熱的水

洗手。皮膚因暴露在熱水或涼爽的冬季空氣中而干燥會導致濕疹。)”可知,這里主要講避

免用過熱的水洗手,F項Coolerwaterseemstobeaseffectiveandismorefriendlytothe

skin.(冷水似乎同樣有效,對皮膚更友好)符合語境,其中Coolerwater與上文excessively

hotwaterto對應,有承上作用。故選F項。

第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項。

DuringthefinaltermofmytheaterandperformancedegreeattheUniversityofLeeds,we

plannedto21someinteractiveworkshopswithelderlyresidentstotryto22

memoryandsocialengagement.

Irememberbeing23,awarethatwewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowere

almostnonverbal(不能說話的).

Ihaddecidedtoplaymusicattheendofthesession.WewentwiththesongMyWay

24thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.

OnceIpressedplay,nearlyeveryoneintheroomstoodupand25whatseemedlike

everyword.Iwassodeeply26.Manyofthemwerecommunicatingmuchbetter.It

lookedandfeltlike27.

OffIwenttodramaschool,butIthoughtaboutthat28almostdaily.Sowhenwe

weregiventheopportunitytowriteascript(居U本)fora29festival,Icreatedalove

storyabout30anddementia(癡呆),spanning50yearsofacouple'slife.

Andnow,10yearslater,theshowI31isrunningagaininLondonthankstothe

MusicforDementiacampaign.

Inowknowthatmusic-basedinterventions(治療)32theneedfor

antipsychoticmedication(抗精神病藥物)inmorethan60percentofpeople33

dementia.Idon'tknowwhatmyMyWaywouldbe,butIcertainlythinkweshouldalltrytofind

our34anddoourbesttostayconnectedtothepeoplewe35itwith.

21.A.holdB.stopC.delayD.suspend

22.A.removeB.identifyC.inspireD.assess

23.A.thrilledB.nervous

C.ashamedD.delighted

24.A.untilB.unlessC.ifD.because

25.A.sangB.saidC.heardD.wrote

26.A.scaredB.movedC.amusedD.annoyed

27.A.artB.magicC.hopeD.mercy

28.A.problemB.goal

C.policyD.experience

29.A.theaterB.scienceC.flowerD.sports

30.A.waterB.fruitC.musicD.food

31.A.performedB.watchedC.recordedD.made

32.A.repeatB.protectC.reduceD.ignore

33.A.livingwithB.hearingof

C.escapingfromD.focusingon

34.A.showB.timeC.speechD.song

35.A.takeB.shareC.discussD.learn

【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在利茲大學戲劇和表演專業(yè)的最后一個學期,

我們計劃舉辦一些與老年居民的互動講習班,通過音樂與這些老人建立聯系,并且讓他們的

交流變得更好。這段難忘的經歷給作者后來的生活和工作帶來了靈感。

【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.A

30.C31.D32.C33.A34.D35.B

[21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在我在利茲大學戲劇和表演專業(yè)的最后一個學期,我們計劃舉

辦一些與老年居民的互動講習班,試圖激發(fā)記憶和社會參與。A.hold舉辦;B.stop停止;

C.delay推遲;D.suspend暫停,懸掛。根據"someinteractiveworkshops”可知,此處表示

舉辦一些互動講習班。故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.remove移除;B.identify鑒定,確認;C.inspire激發(fā);

D.assess進入。根據asomeinteractiveworkshops"和umemoryandsocialengagement可

知,舉辦一些與老年居民的互動講習班,是為了激發(fā)記憶和社會參與。故選C。

【23題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我記得自己很緊張,意識到我們在和幾乎不會說話的老人一

起工作。A.thrilled激動的,興奮的;B.nervous緊張的;C.ashamed羞恥的;D.delighted

高興的。根據"wewereworkingwitholdpeoplewhowerealmostnonverbal(不能說話的)

可知,和幾乎不能說話的老人一起工作,讓作者感到緊張。故選B。

【24題詳解】

考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:我們選擇了《MyWay》這首歌,因為那些上了年紀的居民可能

會在20多歲的時候聽這首熱門歌曲。A.until直到;B.unless除非;C.if如果;D.because

因為。I艮據"thoseelderlyresidentswouldhavebeenlisteningtothehitsongintheirlate20s.”

可知,此處解釋作者選擇《MyWay》這首歌的原因,應用because引導原因狀語從句。故

選D。

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