外研版初二(上)英語第18講：Module-9語法篇(教師版)

Module9語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________熟練掌握本模塊語法知識(shí)。冠詞：是限定的一種詞，不能單獨(dú)使用，常用于修飾名詞。冠詞有三種形式：不定冠詞（a/an）,定冠詞（the）和零冠詞（/）。

●1.不定冠詞的用法

不定冠詞用來修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，指人或物種的某一個(gè)或某一類，但不具體說明是何人何物。

不定冠詞的常見用法有：

①表示“一個(gè)”的概念。

Populationisabigproblemforcities.

②表示“每一“的概念，相當(dāng)于every。

IwatchTVonceaweek.

③首次提到的某人或某物，不定冠詞起介紹作用。Astudentwantstoaskyousomequestions

④某些固定短語中，要用不定冠詞。haveagoodtime

havealook

havearest

●2.定冠詞的用法

①指前文中提到過的人或物。Ihaveadog.Thedogisblack.

②特指某人或某物。Thegirlwithlonghairismyyoungersister.

③指說話雙方都知道的人或物Ihadtowritethesamereportlastterm.

④用于專有名詞前。theGreatWall

thePacificOcean

⑤用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。thesun

themoon

⑥用于姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫婦二人”。theSmiths

⑦用于形容詞最高級(jí)前。thebiggestcity

⑧用于序數(shù)詞前。thefirstboy

⑨用于西洋樂器名詞前。

playthepiano

⑩某些形容詞前加定冠詞the，表示一類人或物。theyoung

theold

⑾用于某些固定短語中:

inthemorning

thedayaftertomorrow

●3.零冠詞的用法

①在球類活動(dòng)，學(xué)科名詞前以及節(jié)日，月份，星期前不用冠詞。Tomcanplayvolleyball.

②名詞前已有指示代詞，物主代詞，不定代詞或數(shù)詞等作定語時(shí)名詞前不用冠詞

Therearemanybooksinherschoolbag.

③在某些固定短語或習(xí)慣用語中不用冠詞

bybus

havebreakfast

athome

atnight

『注意』:

在某些短語中，名詞前用冠詞和不用冠詞的意義有所不同。

inhospital

inthehospital

attable

atthetable

inclass

intheclass數(shù)字:分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。本模塊中，我們重點(diǎn)學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)字的讀法。在英語中，每三位數(shù)字為一個(gè)單位，按照百，十，個(gè)位向下讀。而進(jìn)位的讀法則為thousand,million,billion向上遞增。

數(shù)次的常見用法：

①分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法

在英語中，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。當(dāng)分子是1時(shí)，分母用原形；當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

1/3

：onethirds

2/3

:twothirds

②百分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)

百分?jǐn)?shù)用percent表示，符號(hào)為%

如：5%讀作fivepresent.1.—Doyouplay______pianoinyourfreetime?—No,Ilikesports.Ioftenplay______soccerwithmyfriends./;the B.the;/ C.the;the D.a;a2.(2012·涼山中考)Thisis______interestingmovieandit’salso______mostinterestingoneI’veeverseen.A.an;a B.an;the C.a;the D.a;a3._____maninablackhatismyPEteacher.Heoftenplays______footballwithus.A.A;the B.The;a C.The;/ D.A;/4Shewillhave______chancetogoto______collegeforafurthereducation.a;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;/5._______BrownswerehavingdinnerwhenthetelephonerangAA BAnCThe D/解析：1.考查冠詞。在英語中,樂器前應(yīng)該加the,而球類前不用加冠詞。故選B。2本題考查冠詞的用法。a用在以輔音(指輔音音素)開頭的詞前,an用在以元音(指元音音素)開頭的詞前。故interesting前用an,最高級(jí)前要加the。故選B。3本題考查冠詞的用法，特指時(shí)用the,play直接加球類中間沒有冠詞，故選C。4根據(jù)題意“他將有機(jī)會(huì)去大學(xué)深造”，故選B。5本題考查the加姓氏復(fù)數(shù)形式之前，表示“一家人”或“夫婦二人”，故選C?；A(chǔ)演練用冠詞a,an,the，/,完成句子.1.Britainis_________EuropeancountryandChinais__________Asiancountry2.Wealwayshave__________riceforlunch3._________YangtzeRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld4.It’sour__________firsttimetogotothecity5.DoesJimcomefrom_______USAor_________Australia?6.Thereis________pictureon_____wall.Ilike______pictureverymuch答案：1a;an2/3The4/5the;/6a;the;the鞏固提高冠詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí):選擇正確的答案。1.—Whatdoesyourfatherdo?—Heis______artteacher.A.a B.an C.the D./2.—Areyouhaving______goodtime?—Yes,butI’mfeelingtired.Iwanttohave__rest.A.a;/ B./;a C.a;a D.the;a3.Lookat______skirt!IboughtitforMumonMother’sDay.Isn’titnice?A.a B.the C.an D./4.Thisis______songI’vetoldyouabout.Isn’tit______beautifulone?A.the;the B.a;a C.the;a D.a;the5.KatyandSandylivein______town,andtheybothget______e-mailaday.A./;an B.the;an C.the;a D./;the6.（天津中考）--Whatdoyouthinkof_______filmaboutZhanTianyou?--It’s_________goodfilm.A.the;the B.a;theC.the;a D.a;a7.（蘭州中考）--Whois________maninablackhat?--It'sJimBrown.Weoftenplay________basketballtogetherinourfreetime.A.an;a B.a;/C.the;a D.the;/答案：BCBCBCD二．?dāng)?shù)詞練習(xí)題。1.Nowchildren,turntopageandlookatthepictureinLessonTwo.A.twentieth…one B.twenty…oneC.twentieth…first D.twenty…first2.Weallthinkthatcenturywillbringusmorehopes.A.twenty-first B.twentieth-firstC.twenty-one D.twentieth-one3.Whatdoyouthinkofawar,LinTao?I’venoidea.Butit’safactthatpeoplehadtoleavetheirhomeduringtheWar.A.threethousands B.thousandofC.thousandsof D.severalthousands4.ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethanpeopleworldwide.A.threehundreds B.threehundreds’C.threehundred’s D.threehundred5.Bothofthetworulersarebroken.Iwanttobuyaone.A.three B.thirdC.fourth D.（不填）答案：1.D2.A3.C4.D5.B一．單項(xiàng)選擇.1.What’sthematterwithyou?Icaughtbadcoldandhadtostayinbed.A.a;(不填) B.a;theC.a;a D.the;the2.Haveyouseenpen?Ileftitherethismorning.Isitblackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.a;the B.the;theC.the;a D.a;a3.______earthweliveonisbiggerthanmoon.A.The;a B.The;theC.An;a D.An;the4.Rememberthis,children.carefulyouare,mistakesyouwillmake.Weknow,MissGao.A.Themore;themore B.Thefewer;themoreC.Themore;thefewer D.Theless;theless5.There’s“h”intheword“hour”.A.a B.theC.an D.不填6.DidyouenjoyyourstayinHangzhou?Yes,Ihadwonderfultime.A.a B.anC.the D.不填7.Ifyoudon’tmind,passmeapple,please.A.a B.anC.the D.不填8.Iamreadingnovel.Itisinterestingstory.A.a;an B.a;aC.the;the D./;an9.Myuncleisn’toldman,andhelikesplayingfootball.A.a;a B.an;anC.the;the D.an;/10.Theboysandgirlsoftenplayfootballinafternoon.A./;an B.the;anC./;the D.a;the答案：ADBCCABADC二.完形填空。Thepopulationproblemmaybethe1oneoftheworldtoday.Theworld’spopulationisgrowing2.Twothousandyearsago,therewereonly250millionpeople3theearth.Fourhundredyearsago,thenumberwas4500million.Butatthebeginningofthe5century,theworld’spopulationwasabout1,700million.In1970,thenumberwas3,600million.In1990,thenumberwasfivebillion.A6reportsaidthattheworld’spopulation7sixbillionbytheendofthe20thcentury.Thisisjustten8afterit9fivebillion.TheUNestimated(估計(jì))theworld’spopulationwillgrowbymorethan10bytheyear2050.1.A.great B.greater C.greatest D.greating2.A.fasterandfaster B.fastandfastC.fastestandfastest D.fasterandfast3.A.in B.on C.at D.for4.A.little B.more C.almost D.over5.A.twenty B.twelveC.twentieth D.twelfth6.A.USA B.UN C.PRC D.PLA7.A.past B.hadpassedC.passed D.passes8.A.weeks B.monthsC.seasons D.years9.A.get B.gets C.reached D.reach10.A.athree B.onethirdsC.oneofthree D.athird答案：CABDCBBDCD__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一．短文填空enough,health,livein,standroom,thousand,slow,grow,everbefore,earth,populationTenthousandyearsago,theworld’s1wasverysmall.Forseveral2yearsitgrewquite3.Butduringthelastthreeorfourhundredyearsit4veryquickly.Today,itisstillgrowingfasterthan5.In600years,therewillbeonly6ontheearth.Eachpersonwillhaveonehalftoonesquaremetreofspace7.Thismeanswemustgrowmorefood,andhavesmallerfamilieswithfewer,but8children.Ifwedon’tdothesethings,theresultswillbebad.Therewillnotbe9spaceeventostandinonthe10.1.______2.______3.______4.______5.______6.______7.______8.______9.______10.______答案：1.population2.thousand3.slowly4.grew5.everbefore6.standingroom7.tolivein8.healthier9.enough10.earth二．完型填空.Todaymoreandmorepeopleliveincities.Sothereisusuallylittleroominacitytogrowfood.1ofthelandinacityisused2homes,shops,roadsandparks.Mostfoodforcitypeopleisgrowninthecountry.Itisoftenbroughttothecityby3,trainandplane.Somefood4comesintothecitybycarWateris5thingthatwegetfromthecountry.Everyoneneedswatereveryday.Weusealittleofitfor6,butweuseevenmoreto7bathtubs(浴缸)forshowers(淋雨)andtowashstreets.Thewaterusedincitiescomesmostlyfromtherain.Butpeople8notusetherainthatfallsoncities.Therainbecomesdirtyasitfallsthroughdirtyair.Onceithitscitybuildingsorstreets,therainwillpickupmoredirt.ItisnorgoodfordrinkingorbathingSocitiesmustreachouttothe9countryforwaterthere.Therainfallsthroughairontotreesandgrass.Thefallenrainruns10riversandlakes.Soitisimportanttokeepbothcitiesandthecountryclean.()1ASome BMost CMany DFew()2Afor Bof Cby Dfrom()3Atruck Bbike Ccar Dmotorbike()4Aever Beven Cstill Donce()5Aone Bother Cothers Danother()6Aeating Bdrinking Cwashing Dwatering()7Afill Bfall Cfull Ddrop()8Aneed Bmay Ccan Dmust()9AcleanBtidy Cclear Dnice()10Adown Balong Cin Dinto答案：BAABDBACAD三．閱讀理解。AIndiahasapopulationofabout1.28billion.Itspopulationisthesecondlargestintheworld.Chinahasthelargestpopulationofover1.36billion.OneoutofsixpeopleonthisplanetlivesinIndia.Althoughthecrown(王冠)oftheworld’smostpopulous(人口稠密的)countryisonChina’sheadfortenyears,Indiawilltakethepositionby2030.Withthepopulationgrowthrate(率)at1.58%,Indiawillhavemorethan1.53billionpeoplebytheendof2030.Nowmorethan50%ofIndia’spopulationisbelowtheageof25andover65%belowtheageof35.About72.2%ofthepopulationlivesinsome638,000villages.SomeofthereasonsforIndia’squicklygrowingpopulationarepoverty,illiteracy(無知),decreaseindeathratesandimmigration(移民)fromBangladeshandNepal.Indiastartedtakingmeasurestostopthegrowthratequiteearly.Indiahadthe“NationalFamilyPlanningProgram”in1952.Itbecamethefirstcountryintheworldtohaveapopulationpolicy.However,itfailedtoreachthefinalgoal(目標(biāo)).1.ThepopulationofIndiaisabout______now.A.1.58billion B.1.53billionC.1.36billion D.1.28billion2.Theunderlinedword“position”means“______”inChinese.A.麻煩 B.現(xiàn)象C.位置 D.考驗(yàn)3.Over65%ofIndia’spopulationisbelowtheageof______.A.25 B.35 C.45 D.554.______isnotthereasonforIndia’squicklygrowingpopulation.A.Poverty B.IlliteracyC.Increaseindeathrates D.Immigration5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.India’spopulationgrowthrateis1.58%.B.OneoutofsevenpeopleontheearthlivesinIndia.C.About72.2%ofIndia’spopulationlivesinthecity.D.In1953,Indiastartedthe“NationalFamilyPlanningProgram”.答案：DCBCABTheone-childpolicyinourcountryhasmademostfamiliesmuchsmallerthanbefore.Thatistosay,therearefewerchildreninafamily.ButthepopulationofChinaisstillgrowingfaster.Why?Infact,it’