高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 考點二十三 七選五練習(xí)（含解析）-人教版高三英語試題

考點二十三七選五三年全國卷考情分析體裁、題材考頻記敘文3年1考說明文3年7考議論文3年1考社會生活3年8考科普研究3年0考說理議論3年1考預(yù)測說明從考查體裁來看，主要以考查說明文為主、議論文為輔解題流程通讀全文，理出文章的中心→詳讀段落，找出每段關(guān)鍵詞、主旨句或段落大意→根據(jù)段落結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文定位選項→用代入法鎖定正確選項，排除干擾項→重讀全文，確保萬無一失Passage1限時8分鐘Weknowthatchoosingacollegemajorcanbeveryhard.Buthavenofear!Yourchoiceofmajorwillnotlockyouintoaspecificcareerfortherestofyourlife.Here'swhatyouneedtoknowaboutcollegemajorsbeforeyouchoose.Whatisamajor?__1__Beyondgeneralcollegerequirements,you'llalsotakeagroupofcoursesinasubjectofyourchoosing,suchasChemistry,Literature,orPoliticalScience.Howimportantismymajor?Themajoryouchoosewillneitherpredictnorguaranteeyourfuture.Manygraduatesfindjobsthathavenothingtodowithwhattheystudiedincollege.Ifyouintendtoearnaprofessionaldegreeaftercollege,youwillprobablyneedcertaincourses.__2__WhendoIchooseamajor?Thisvarieswidelyacrossschoolsandprograms.__3__Othersrequirethatyoudecideuponamajorbythetimethatyousetfootinsideyourfirstclass.__4__Definitely.Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofcollegelifeisthatitintroducesyoutonewsubjectsandarousesnewpassions.However,keepthisinmind:everymajorhasnecessarycoursework.Ifyouchangeyourmajorlateinthegame,itmaytakemorethanthetraditionalfouryearstoearnadegree.Whatareminorsanddoublemajors?Ifonefieldofstudydoesn'tsatisfyyourintellectualappetite,consideraminor.Aminorissimilartoamajorinthatit'sanareaofacademicconcentration.__5__Adoublemajorprovidesyouwithanunderstandingoftwoacademicfields.Itallowsyoutobecomefamiliarwithtwosetsofvaluesandviewswhileitalsorequiresyoutofulfilltwosetsofrequirements.A．CanIchangemymind?B．Ismymajortime－consuming?C．It'syourspecializedareaofstudyincollege.D．Moststudentsfindonemajorismorethanenough.E．Someschoolsmaygiveyouoneyearormoretodecide.F．Manyfuturesciencedoctorsmajorinnon－sciencerelatedfields.G．Theonlydifferenceisthatitdoesn'trequireasmanyclasses.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了大學(xué)選專業(yè)前應(yīng)了解的幾個方面，包括專業(yè)是什么，專業(yè)的重要程度，選專業(yè)的時間，是否能換專業(yè)以及什么是輔修課程和雙學(xué)位等。1．C根據(jù)該段的標題可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是對標題的問題作出回答，故C項“它是大學(xué)里你學(xué)習(xí)的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域”符合語境。2．F該段主要談到專業(yè)并非那么重要。設(shè)空前一句談到“如果你打算在大學(xué)畢業(yè)后獲得專業(yè)學(xué)位，你可能需要某些課程”，由此可推知，F(xiàn)項承接上文，再次說明專業(yè)并非那么重要。故F項符合語境。3．E根據(jù)設(shè)空后的“Othersrequirethatyoudecideuponamajorbythetimethatyousetfootinsideyourfirstclass.”可知，其他的學(xué)校要求你第一次走進教室就決定你選擇的專業(yè)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是說明一些學(xué)校的做法，故E項“一些學(xué)校可能給你一年或更多的時間決定”符合語境。4．A此處考查段落小標題。由該段中的“Definitely”“Ifyouchangeyourmajorlateinthegame,itmaytakemorethanthetraditionalfouryearstoearnadegree.\”可知，該段應(yīng)是談到可不可以改變主意，換專業(yè)，故選A項。5．G設(shè)空前一句談到輔修與主修的相似之處，空處應(yīng)是講兩者的不同之處，故G項“唯一不同的是，輔修不需要那么多的課程”符合語境。Passage2限時8分鐘Theprocessofforgivenesscanbealiberatingexperience.Interestingly,forgivenesscanonlyoccurbecausewehavebeengiventhegiftoftheabilitytomakechoices.__1__Thechoiceofofferingforgivenessdevelopsalongthreesteps.Atsteponeyouarefilledwithself-justifiedanger.Atsomepointinyourlifeyouhavebeenhurtandyouaremadatthepersonwhoyoufeelhaswrongedyou.Youblamethepersoncommittingthewrong.__2__Youhaveforgottenthatyouhaveachoiceastohowyouwillreact.Thesecondsteptowardsforgivenessemergeswhenafterfeelingangrywithsomeoneforawhileyourealizethattheangerdoesnotfeelgoodtoyou.__3__Soyoutakestepstoforgive.Youmaybegintoseetheproblemfromtheotherperson'spointofvieworyoumaysimplydecidetolettheproblemgo.__4__Thethirdstageofforgivenesscomesafteryouhaveseenthebeneficialresultsofforgivenessandyoudon'twanttowasteyourpreciouslifeondiscomfort.Inthisstagethechoiceistoworktoeitherrepairtherelationshiporletgoofseeingthesituationasaproblem.__5__Atthisstageyouareawarethatthelengthoftimeyouexperiencethesituationasasorrowisprimarilyuptoyou.A．Ifwewanttoforgivesomeone,noonecanstopus.B．Wehavethechoicetoforgiveornottoforgiveandnoonecanforceustodoeither.C．Ineithercaseyoudecidetoforgivebecauseyouhavehadsomepracticewithitandseethebenefitinyourlife.D．Itistheiractionandnotyourchoiceofresponsethatyoufeelcausesyouranger.E．Ineithercaseyouarenolongerangryandyouhaveforgiventheperson.F．Thiscouldemergeinasituationwhereyouarecutoffbyanothercarontheroad.G．Itmaybehurtingyouremotionalbalanceoryourphysicalhealth.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要講了原諒別人是一種自我選擇，這種選擇往往會經(jīng)歷三個主要階段。1．B根據(jù)空格上一句，我們被給予了“選擇”的能力，而B項(我們可以選擇原諒或者不原諒，沒有人可以強迫我們)承接上文，故選B。2．D根據(jù)空格上文，我們都在責(zé)怪別人，把錯誤歸結(jié)在他們身上，而D項(你感覺是別人的行動不是自己的選擇造成你的憤怒)與前文銜接緊密。故選D。3．G根據(jù)空前一句可知，當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)生氣對自己不好時，原諒別人的行為才會出現(xiàn)，G項闡述生氣的壞處，切題。故選G。4．E根據(jù)空前一句可知，當(dāng)換角度看問題或者不再去理會那些問題的時候，那么就已經(jīng)沒那么生氣了，E項承接前一句，故選E。5．C根據(jù)本段第一句可知，意識到原諒的益處之后，才會產(chǎn)生原諒的第三個階段，而且第二句中的either...or與C選項中的either對應(yīng)，故選C。Passage3限時7分鐘Althoughproblemsareapartofourlives,itcertainlydoesn'tmeanthatweletthemruleourlivesforever.Onedayortheother,you'llhavetostandupandsay—problem,Idon'twantyouinmylife.__1__Problemswithfriends,parents,girlfriends,husbands,andchildren—thelistgoeson.Apartfromthese,theinnerconflictswithinourselveswork,too.Thesekeepaddingtoourproblems.Problemscomeindifferentshapesandcolorsandfeelings.Butgoodnewsisthatallproblemscanbedealtwith.Nowreadontoknowhowtosolveyourproblems.Talk,itreallyhelps.Whatmostofusthinkisthatourproblemcanbeunderstoodonlybyusandthatnotalkingisgoingtohelp.__2__Talkinghelpsyoumoveonandletgo.Writeyourproblems.__3__Whenyouwritedownyourproblems,youaresettingfreeallthetensionfromyoursystem.Youcantrythrowingawaythepaperonwhichyouwroteyourproblems.Bydoingthis,imagineyourselfthrowingawaytheproblemsfromyourlife.Don'tlosefaithandhope.Nomatterwhatyouloseinlife,don'tlosefaithandhope.Evenifyouloseallyourmoney,family...youshouldstillhavefaith.__4__Yourproblemsaren'ttheworst.Nomatterwhatproblemyougetinlife,there'reanotheronemillionpeoplewhoseproblemsarehugerthanyours.__5__Yourproblemsmightjustseembigandworse,butinrealitytheycanberemoved.Goaboutandsolveyourproblemsbecauseeveryproblem,howeverbigorsmall,alwayshasawayout.A．Butthetruthisthatwhenyoutalkaboutit,you'resettingfreethenegativeenergiesthathavebeengatheringwithinyou.B．Whenwehaveaproblem,apressing,critical,urgent,life-threateningproblem,howdowetryandsolveit?C．Tellyourself:whentheycandealwiththem,whycan'tI?D．Ofcourse,we'vebeenfightingproblemseversincewewereborn.E．Wecanoftenovercometheproblemandachievethegoalbymakingadirectattack.F．Havingapersonaldiarycanalsobeofhugehelpifyoudon'twantarealpersontotalkwith.G．Withfaithandhope,youcanrebuildeverythingthatyoulost.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。人的一生總會遇到各種問題。本文中作者主要介紹了處理生活中遇到的問題的辦法，比如，把問題說出來、寫下來，要有信心，碰到問題不要灰心泄氣等。1．D第一段指出問題是我們生活中的一部分，但我們不會讓它主宰我們的生活；設(shè)空后提到了這些問題可能存在于哪些方面。D項(當(dāng)然，自從我們出生的那一刻起，我們就在和這些問題作斗爭)起到了銜接上下文的作用，故選D。2．A根據(jù)本段中的“Whatmostofusthink...andthatnotalkingisgoingtohelp.”可知，大多數(shù)人都會認為，把自己的問題說出來也沒有用。而A項內(nèi)容是強調(diào)把問題說出來能夠釋放內(nèi)心積壓的消極情緒，表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折，并且下文也提到了把問題講出來的益處。故選A。3．F本段的建議是人們可以把問題寫出來，釋放內(nèi)心的焦慮情緒，F(xiàn)項提出通過寫日記來排解內(nèi)心的緊張，故F項的內(nèi)容符合語境，而且diary是關(guān)鍵詞。4．G本段強調(diào)的是無論何時都不要失去信念和希望，而G選項也是告誡人們只要有信念和希望，就能重建失去的一切。故選G。5．C本段講的是自己遇到的問題不會比他人的嚴重。而C項(告訴自己：他們都能把問題解決掉，自己為什么不能？)符合語境。Passage4限時7分鐘PublicSpeakingPublicspeakingcanbedefinedastheactofmakingaspeechinfrontofagroupoflisteners.Thetypesofpublicspeakingaredeliberatelystructuredwiththreegeneralpurposes:toinform,topersuadeandtoentertaintheaudience.Aninformativespeechhasapurposetoinform,orgiveknowledgetoitsaudience.__1__Forpersuasivespeech,thespeakerwouldtrytochangethemindset,perception,orbehavioroftheaudiencefortheirowngood.Thus,thespeakerneedstolookforcommongroundwiththeaudienceandtrytorelatetowhattheymightagreeon.Thelasttypeisaceremonialspeech.Ittendstobelessformalandmorepersonalthantheothertypesofspeeches.Nomatterhowwellyouknowthepersonyouaregivingspeechto,trynottosaybadthingsaboutthem,evenifitismeanttobeajoke.__2__Sparingsometimetopracticewillhelpbuildconfidenceandhelpdeterminehowlongthepresentationwilllast.Asidefromit,knowingwhotheaudiencewillbeisquitenecessary.Trytogetasmuchinformationaspossibleregardingthisparticulararearelatedtotheaudience.Knowingthe“battlefield\”inadvancewillgivethespeakersahugeadvantage.Languageisthemainaspectaspeakerneedstopayattentiontowhilegivingaspeech.__3__Aspeakerneedstochoosetheirwordscarefullyandmakeitcleartotheaudiencewhattheymean.Often,whengivenaspeech,theaudiencelooktothespeakertogivethemsomethingnewanduseful.__4__Languageanddelivery(演講方式)alonewillnotbesufficientifthespeakerdoesnothavethebodylanguage.Themovementandgestureofaspeakeralsoaffecttheaudience.Whileclosingthespeechorpresentation,speakerscanrestatetheirmainpoints,justtoremindtheaudienceoftheimportantthingsthathavebeensaid.__5__A．Itneedstobeusedclearly.B．Thesespeechesmarkspecialoccasions.C．Theimportantthingtowatchaboutisnottoputintoomuchinformation.D．Thekeyofperfectinganythingisthroughpractice,includingpublicspeaking.E．Theycanalsoenditwithaspecialmessageandencouragetheaudiencetoaskquestions.F．Knowinghowpublicspeakingisdoneisakeypartinunderstandingtheimportanceofit.G．Thus,thespeakerneedstoknowhowtodelivertheirspeechtofulfilltheaudience'sexpectation.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了公共演講的幾個類型以及做好演講所需注意的事項。1．C從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，第二段首先介紹了公共演講的三種目的；接下來對這三種目的分別介紹了其對應(yīng)的演講類型以及注意事項，設(shè)空處位于介紹informativespeech這種類型之后，應(yīng)是說明它的注意事項，故C項表述“不要輸入太多的信息”符合語境。其中information是關(guān)鍵提示詞。2．D本段講述了公共演講的兩個注意事項。下文“Asidefromit...isquitenecessary.”講的是第二個注意事項：要提前了解觀眾是誰。接著進一步闡述了注意事項。設(shè)空后講的是多加練習(xí)對于演講的好處，由此可推知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是第一個注意事項，并且與設(shè)空后一句中的“practice”相呼應(yīng)，故選D。3．A設(shè)空前一句是說語言是演講中需注意的主要方面。設(shè)空處應(yīng)是對其進行進一步的說明，關(guān)鍵詞是Language，A項中的It可推知指的就是Language，且根據(jù)設(shè)空后的“makeitcleartotheaudience”可知，A項“它(語言)需要使用得很清楚”符合語境。4．G設(shè)空前講的是觀眾期待演講者能給他們新的有用的東西，故G項“因此，演講者需要了解如何發(fā)表他們的演講來滿足觀眾的期待”與設(shè)空前一句構(gòu)成邏輯上的因果關(guān)系，所以答案是G。5．E設(shè)空前講的是演講者可以重申要點，提醒觀眾所講的重要事情來結(jié)束演講，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是敘述另一種結(jié)束方式，故E項符合語境。Passage5限時8分鐘HowNottoBeAwkwardNotallofusareoutgoingandreadytotaketheworldbystorm.__1__Thisusuallyhappenswhenapersonisstillinhisorherteenyearsandgoingthroughthesocializationprocess.So,whatcanapersondotoovercomethistendencytobeawkward.Let'strytofindanswerstothequestions.StayinshapeanddressupwellSometimes,awkwardnesscouldbeduetobeingoverweight.Whenyouarelargeinsize,youtendtogetveryself-conscious.So,inordertoavoidthis,getintothehabitofexercisingeveryday.__2__Ifyoulookasifyouhavejuststeppedoutofa1980'sfilmwhenactuallyitis2019,thereisnodoubtthatyouareboundtofeelawkwardaboutyourself.BeoptimisticAnothereffectivetiponhownottofeelawkwardistoalwayskeepasmileonyourface.__3__Ontheotherhand,asmiling,happyandpositivethinkingpersonisappreciatedbyeverybody.So,smilewhenyoumeetacquaintancesorevenstrangers,sayacheerful“Hi！”andautomaticallysomeofyourawkwardnesswilldisappearcompletely!ParticipateinteamactivitiesThisonereallyhelps.Awkwardnessgenerallydevelopswhenapersonremainsisolatedfromothers.So,inordertochangethissituation,joingroups.__4__Joiningpeopleinbookreadingsessionsaswellasdebateswillhelpremoveyourawkwardness.Chooseanyactivityofyourchoice,suchasplayingteamsportsorjoiningadanceclass,andsoonyouwillfindyourcomfortlevelaroundpeopleincreasingdaybyday!DevelopyourpersonalityBeingabook-wormoranInternetaddictwillnotgetyouanywhere.Forself-improvement,takeupahobbythataddsmeaningtoyourlife.Learnsingingortryadventuresports.__5__A．Learnhowtoendaconversation.B．Secondly,haveappropriateclotheson.C．Forinstance,ifyouareareadinglover,joinabookclub.D．Ifyoulooksad,nobodywillactuallylikebeingwithyou.E．Somethingassimpleaslisteningtomusicwilldowonderstoo.F．Manyamongusareshyandmayevenfeelkeptapartfromothers.G．Awkwardnesscouldbebecauseyoudonothaveanythingincommontotalkabout.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何使自己不處于尷尬的境地提出了幾點建議，如保持體形、注意穿著、樂觀、參加團體活動、發(fā)展個性等。1．F根據(jù)空前一句“Notallofusareoutgoingandreadytotaketheworldbystorm.”可知，并不是所有的人都很外向，能使世界為之傾倒，也就是說我們中有很多人比較害羞，不愿意和他人交往?？蘸笠痪溥M一步對這種情形進行了解釋，即這種情況通常發(fā)生在十幾歲的時候。故選F。2．B根據(jù)本段標題“Stayinshapeanddressupwell”可知，要想在人際交往中不尷尬，需要保持體形，并穿著得體?？涨耙痪湔f的是多鍛煉保持體形，那么該空要填的句子就應(yīng)該是與dressupwell一致的含義。只有B項符合。3．D根據(jù)本段標題“Beoptimistic”可知，本段中心思想就是要求我們要有樂觀的心態(tài)。再根據(jù)空后一句可知，一個面帶微笑，開心并積極思考的人會受到他人的喜歡，也就是說如果總是不開心，不樂觀地面對一切，沒有人會喜歡你。只有D項符合。4．C根據(jù)空前一句“So,inordertochangethissituation,joingroups.”可知，作者建議我們要改變這一情況，應(yīng)參加小組活動。故選C。5．E根據(jù)本段第二句“Forself-improvement,takeupahobbythataddsmeaningtoyourlife.”可知，為了提高自己，要培養(yǎng)一個愛好，這個愛好可以給你的生活帶來很大的積極意義。只有E項能承接上文。Passage6限時7分鐘WaystoFreeYourMindWhenYou'reFeelingStuckHaveyoueverfeltlikeyouwereracingaroundincircleswithoutmakingmuchforwardprogress?Ifyou'restuckandyoudon'tknowhowtorise,don'tlookoutsideyourself.Lookbelow.__1__Gobacktowhat'simportantWhenwegetstuck,itcanbeextremelyusefultocomebacktothesethreethings：corevalues,beliefsandgoals.Why？__2__AskforhelpVeryoften,highlyhappyandsuccessfulpeoplehaveasupportinggroupoffriends,familyandotherswhohelpthem.__3__Anddon'tbeafraidtoreachoutandhelpsomeonewho'sevenmorestuckthanyou.EmbracethenaturalpathwaysWhenyougetstuck,there'snoneedtogobacktothedrawingboard.Askthepeoplearoundyouaboutthesystemsthatareworkingforthem,readinsightfulbooksandblogarticles,andusethesamemethodsandpathwaysthatothershaveusedtogetunstuck.__4__Relocateyourselftoaninspiringenvironment__5__Youcangoforawalkinanearbypark.Youcancomeoutoftheofficeforacupofcoffee.Orifyouareathome,youcansimplygotoadifferentroominthehouse.Whetherit'surbanspaces,parks,libraries,museumsorevenourownbackyards,thereareplentyofavailablesourcesthatwecandrawinspirationandstrengthfrom.A．Goalsaretheoutcomesinlifethatwestrivefor.B．Herearesomeusefulwaystohelpyourselfgetunstuck.C．Whenyouarestuck,don'tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.D．Onewaytogetunstuckistosimplychangeyourenvironment.E．Becausetheyformthebasicsofwhatisimportanttousasindividuals.F．Breakthecircleofworryandworkonsomethingelse.G．Infact,thesystemisnothingmorethananaturalpathwayofthoughtthatsomeonehascreatedwiththeirmind.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。當(dāng)你感覺自己深陷困局無法取得進步時，該怎么辦呢？本文作者提出了有價值的建議。1．B根據(jù)設(shè)空前的“Lookbelow.”，并結(jié)合第一段中提到的情況“你在原地打轉(zhuǎn)，不知如何提升”；再結(jié)合下文給出的建議可知本題答案為B項(下面是一些使你擺脫困局的有用方法)。2．E根據(jù)空前的“Whenwegetstuck,itcanbeextremelyusefultocomebacktothesethreethings:corevalues,beliefsandgoals.Why？(當(dāng)我們陷入困境時，回到這三樣?xùn)|西：核心價值、信念、目標，是極其重要的。為什么呢？)”可知本題答案為E項(因為它們形成了對于我們個體而言最重要的基本原則)。3．C根據(jù)本段標題“Askforhelp”和空后的“Anddon'tbeafraidtoreachoutandhelpsomeonewho'sevenmorestuckthanyou.(而且也不要害怕去幫助那些比你的境況更糟的人。)”可知本題答案為C項(當(dāng)你深陷困局的時候不要害怕向他人求助)。4．G設(shè)空前的內(nèi)容在講述向你身邊的人詢問對他們來說有效的方法、讀見解深刻的書和博客文章，使用他人使用過的方法來走出困境，G項中的“theirmind”與前文中所述他人的方法、書和博客文章相呼應(yīng)，因此本題答案為G項(事實上，這種方法只不過是他人用大腦創(chuàng)造的一種自然途徑)。5．D根據(jù)本段標題及空后的“Youcangoforawalkinanearbypark.Youcancomeoutoftheofficeforacupofcoffee.(你可以去附近的公園散步，你可以走出辦公室去喝杯咖啡。)”可知本題答案為D項(一種擺脫困境的方法就是僅僅改變你置身的環(huán)境)。Passage7限時8分鐘Thehistoryofwritinginstruments,withwhichhumanshaverecordedandconveyedthoughtsandfeelings,isthehistoryofcivilizationitself.Thisishowweknowaboutourancestorsandtheirlife.Thehandysharpened-stonewasadaptedintothefirstwritinginstrument.Around24000BC,thecavemanstarteddrawingpictureswiththestoneontothewallsofhiscave.__1__WallsattheApollositeinNamibiaarebelievedtobetheoldestrockpaintingstodate.Beforepapercamealong,peopleusedclayorwaxtabletsonwhichtheywrotewithsharpobjectssuchasmetalsticksorbones.Around6,000yearsago,theEgyptiansinventedthefirstpaperlikematerialcalledpapyrus.Theword“paper”actuallycomesfromtheword“papyrus”．__2__Bonesormetalstickswerenolongerusefulasthepapyruscouldnotbescratched.SotheEgyptianscreatedareed-penperfectforthepapyrus.__3__Andthus,ancientEgyptianstransformedbamboostems(莖)intoanearlyformofafountainpen.Anotherwritinginstrumentthatremainedactiveinhistoryforalongperiodwasthequill(鵝毛)pen.Introducedaround700AD,thequillwasapenmadefromabirdfeather.Goosefeathersweremostcommon.__4__Formakingfinelinedrawings,crowfeatherswerethebest.Whenwritershadbetterinksandpaperandhandwritinghaddevelopedintobothanartformandaneverydayoccurrence,man'sinventivenatureonceagainturnedtoimprovingthewritinginstrument.__5__A．Nowsomethingwasneededtowriteuponthepapyrus.B．Thepapyrusbecamethemostpopularmaterialatthattime.C．Swanfeatherswereofahighquality,beingrareandmostexpensive.D．Bamboostemswerebetterandmuchmoreexpensivethangoosefeathers.E．Thisledtothedevelopmentofthemodemfountainpeninthe19thcentury.F．Theseweremostlythestemsofgrasses,especiallyfromthebambooplant.G．Thesedrawingsshowedeventsindailylifeliketheplantingofcropsorhuntingvictories.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了書寫工具的發(fā)展歷程。1．G上文提示“大約公元前24000年，穴居人開始用石頭在洞穴的墻上畫畫。”再根據(jù)下文提示“納米比亞阿波羅遺址的墻壁被認為是迄今為止最古老的巖畫?！币虼?，G項“Thesedrawingsshowedeventsindailylifeliketheplantingofcropsorhuntingvictories.”(這些圖畫展示了日常生活中的事件，如種植莊稼或打獵的勝利。)承上啟下，切題。故選G。2．A下文提示“由于紙莎草紙不能被刮傷，骨頭或金屬棒不再有用。”因此，A項“Nowsomethingwasneededtowriteuponthepapyrus.”(現(xiàn)在需要能夠在紙莎草紙上書寫的東西)引起下文，切題。故選A。3．F上文提示“因此，埃及人創(chuàng)造了一種蘆葦筆，完美地用于在紙莎草紙上書寫。”因此，F(xiàn)項“Theseweremostlythestemsofgrasses,especiallyfromthebambooplant.”(這些主要是草的莖，尤其是竹子的莖。)承接上文，切題。故選F。4．C上文提示“最常見的是鵝毛?！币虼?，C項“Swanfeatherswereofahighquality,beingrareandmostexpensive.”(天鵝羽毛質(zhì)量很好，既稀有又昂貴。)承接上文，切題。故選C。5．E上文提示“當(dāng)作家們有了更好的墨水、紙張和書法，它們已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一種藝術(shù)形式和日常生活的一部分時，人類的創(chuàng)造性再一次轉(zhuǎn)向改進書寫工具?！币虼耍珽項“Thisledtothedevelopmentofthemodemfountainpeninthe19thcentury.”(這導(dǎo)致了現(xiàn)代鋼筆在19世紀的發(fā)展。)承接上文，切題。故選E。Passage8限時8分鐘Goodlearnerscaninspirestudentsoranybodytolearnwell.Herearesomecharacteristicsofgoodlearners.Goodlearnersarecurious.Theywonderaboutallsortsofthings,oftenaboutknowledgebeyondtheirareasofexpertise(專長).__1__Findingoutaboutsomethingtheydidn'tknowsatisfiesthemforthemoment,buttheircuriosityisaddictive.Goodlearnersdon'tgiveupeasily.Afewthingsmaycomeeasilytolearnersbutmostknowledgearrivesaftereffort.__2__Theytrytosearchoutnewinformation.Theyread,analyze,andevaluatetheinformationthey'vefound.Thentheystudymoreandworkatwhattheydon'tunderstand.Goodlearnersknowthatalotoflearningisn'tfun.Thejourneytounderstandinggenerallyisn'tallthatexciting.__3__Othersneedatiresomeattentiontodetail,andstillothersneedperiodsofintensementalfocus.Yourbackshurt,yourarmsandlegsgettired,andyourcoffeegetscold.__4__There'salwaysmoretoknow.Goodlearnersareneversatisfiedwithhowmuchtheyknowaboutanything.Theyarepulledaroundbyquestions—theonestheystillcan'tanswer,ortheoneswithoutverygoodanswers.Thosequestionsfollowthemlikedayfollowsnightwiththeanswersbringingdaylight.Goodlearnerssharewhatthey'velearned.Goodlearnersareteacherscommittedtosharingwithotherswhatthey'velearned.__5__Goodlearnerscanalsoexplainwhattheyknowinwaysthatmakesensetoothers.Theyareconnectedtotheknowledgepassedontothemandcommittedtoleavingwhatthey'velearnedwithothers.A．Goodlearnersstaypositive.B．Theywriteaboutit,andtalkaboutit.C．Theylovethediscoverypartoflearning.D．Goodlearnersneverrunoutofquestions.E．Someknowledgecanbroadenourviews.F．Goodlearnersarewillingtoputinthetime.G．Somelearningtasksrequireboringrepetition.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講了一名好的學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該具有的一些特點。1．C根據(jù)下一句“Findingoutaboutsomethingtheydidn'tknowsatisfiesthemforthemoment,buttheircuriosityisaddictive.”可知，此處提到了好的學(xué)習(xí)者對未知的事物充滿好奇，因此C項(他們熱愛學(xué)習(xí)中的發(fā)現(xiàn)過程。)符合語境。故選C。2．F根據(jù)上一句“Afewthingsmaycomeeasilytolearnersbutmostknowledgearrivesaftereffort.”可知，此處提到了大部分知識在努力之后才能獲得，因此F項(好的學(xué)習(xí)者愿意投入時間。)符合語境。故選F。3．G根據(jù)上文可知，這里提到好的學(xué)習(xí)者明白學(xué)習(xí)不總是充滿樂趣，G項語意上與上文承接，且G項中的boring與下文的tiresome相呼應(yīng)。故選G。4．D根據(jù)下文中的“There'salwaysmoretoknow.Goodlearnersareneversatisfiedwithhowmuchtheyknowaboutanything.Theyarepulledaroundbyquestions”可知，此處提到了一名好的學(xué)習(xí)者總是想要了解更多，會提出更多的問題，故選D。5．B根據(jù)上一句“Goodlearnersareteacherscommittedtosharingwithotherswhatthey'velearned.”可知，下一句應(yīng)具體解釋好的學(xué)習(xí)者分享知識的方法和步驟，故選B。Passage1限時8分鐘(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair.”__1__Accordingtorecentstudies,theanswerisabigYES,iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.__2__Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean—whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities—thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌肉)andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing(治愈).__3__Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood(情緒).Greeneryisgoodforus.Hospitalpatientswhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.__4__Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.__5__Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.A．Freshaircleansourlungs.B．Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?C．Beinginnaturerefreshesus.D．Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.E．Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?F．Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.G．Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealing篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，介紹了呼吸新鮮空氣和接近大自然有益于身心健康。1．E空格前一句句意：我們都是聽著人們說的“出去呼吸點兒新鮮空氣”長大的，空格后一句句意：根據(jù)最近的研究，答案是肯定的。由此可判斷E項“但是新鮮空氣真的像你媽媽總說的那樣對你有好處嗎？”符合語境。2．A空格處為本段的中心句。根據(jù)空格后的內(nèi)容可知，如果人們呼吸的空氣是干凈的，那么空氣中就充滿了維持生命的、讓人充滿活力的氧氣。如果在戶外鍛煉，人的身體會學(xué)會深呼吸，讓更多的氧氣進入肌肉和大腦。所以本段主要說明了呼吸新鮮空氣的好處，故A項“新鮮空氣清潔我們的肺”符合語境。3．G空格后的“theseplaces”與G項中的“recoverycenters”相呼應(yīng)，因此G項“全國各地的康復(fù)中心已經(jīng)開始建造康復(fù)花園”符合語境。4．C空格前介紹了接近大自然、看綠色植物對病人的康復(fù)有益，空格后一句“它給我們一種非常好的內(nèi)心平和的感覺”，由此可推斷出空格處應(yīng)該表達置身于大自然的好處，故選C項“置身于大自然使我們精神煥發(fā)”。5．D空格后一句句意：雖然陽光會使我們的皮膚衰老并受到傷害，但陽光也能帶來有益的維生素D。這是呼吸新鮮空氣附帶的好處，故D項“呼吸新鮮空氣的另一個附帶好處是陽光”符合語境。Passage2限時7分鐘(2020·吉林省輝南縣一中高三上學(xué)期第二次月考)IsYourFocusCompletelyWrong?Imaginethatyou'rerockclimbingandyoureallywanttoreachthetop.Andyouknowyoucangettothetop.However,you'rehavingahardtimegettingtherebecauseallyoucandoislookatthegroundbelowyou.__1__Youaresofocusedthat,infact,youdon'thavetimetolookupandmoveupward.__2__However,recentlyI'vebeenreflectingonhowinsomanyareasofmylife,Ieasilythinkaboutthevision(幻象)andrarelythinkaboutwhatfailurelookslike.Imovetowardthatvisionwithease.ButsometimesI'msoobsessed(著迷的)withlookingdownthatIjusttrynottogetworseratherthanreallyfindingwaystoimprove.__3__SointhecomingyearI'mgoingtoquitlookingdown,stopfearingslidingbackandfocuscompletelyonmovingforward.Maybeyou'resofocusedonnotgoingbrokenthatyou'renotputtingenergyintocreatingwealth.Maybeyousobadlydon'twanttobealonethatyou'renotcreatingalifeofloveyoudeserve.Maybeyoucan'tstandthethoughtofbeingunemployed,soyounevertaketherisktofullyloveyourwork.__4__Takeamomenttothinkaboutwhereyou'restuckinthemiddlebecauseyoudon'twantto“godown”.__5__Liveforlove,abundance,joyandwellness.A．Igetstuckthere.B．Idon'trockclimb.C．Idon'thavethetimeorenergytogetbetter.D．Youdon'twantyourfeettoslipofftherocks.E．Thiscanlooklikealotofvariousthingsforallofus.F．Allofyourenergyisfocusedoneverythingbeneathyou.G．Takethosetimesandreframethewayyouthinkofthosethings.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。本文作者告訴了我們生活的意義——生活是為了愛、充實、快樂和健康，不要被消極的想法所羈絆。1．F根據(jù)該空前一句“However,you'rehavingahardtimegettingtherebecauseallyoucandoislookatthegroundbelowyou.”可知，F(xiàn)選項承接上文。2．B根據(jù)該空后一句“However,recentlyI'vebeenreflectingonhowinsomanyareasofmylife...”可知，B選項“我不攀巖”貼切，B項起承上啟下的作用，承接第一段提到的攀巖活動，并且引起下文。3．A根據(jù)該空前一句“I'msoobsessed(著迷的)withlookingdownthatIjusttrynottogetworseratherthanreallyfindingwaystoimprove.”可知，A選項“我陷入了困境”貼切，起承接上文的作用。4．E根據(jù)該空前面列舉的一些例句可知，E選項“對于我們所有人而言，這可能看起來像是很多不一樣的事情”貼切，起總結(jié)上文的作用。5．G根據(jù)該空前一句“Takeamomenttothinkaboutwhereyou'restuckinthemiddlebecauseyoudon'twantto‘godown’．”可知，G選項“回顧一下那些時光并且重新構(gòu)造一下你思考那些事情的思路”貼切，起承上啟下作用。Passage3限時6分鐘(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.__1__WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.“Iadoredancing，”saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.“Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.”Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages.“Teachingdanceiswonderful.__2__It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.”__3__“Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple，”saysBridges.“They'relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.__4__”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays，“D