2024年江蘇省常州市中考一模英語試題

九年級教學(xué)情況調(diào)研測試2024.4英語試題注意事項：1.本試卷共8頁，滿分90分?？荚嚂r間100分鐘。2.請將答案全部填寫在答題卡上，在本試卷上答題無效。一、單項選擇（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.—Is________here?—No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybody B.everybody C.somebody D.nobody【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——大家都到齊了嗎？——沒有，鮑勃和提姆請假了。考查復(fù)合不定代詞。anybody任何人；everybody每個人；somebody某人；nobody沒有人。由答語“No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.”可知問的是每個人是否到了，所以用“everybody”。故選B。2.Torun________theproblems,butnotawayfromthem.Thatiswhatweshoulddo.A.beyond B.through C.towards D.against【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：我們應(yīng)該做的就是，跑向問題而不是回避它們?？疾榻樵~辨析。beyond超過、越過；through穿過、通過；towards朝向、面向；against反對。根據(jù)“butnotawayfromthem”可知，此處指“跑向問題”，故選C。3.IknowSophia’sfavouritestarisafemalesinger,soit________bethisactor.A.maynot B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’t【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：我知道Sophia最喜歡的明星是個女歌手，所以不可能是這個演員?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞否定。maynot也許不是；mustn’t禁止；shouldn’t不應(yīng)該；can’t不可能。本題“IknowSophia’sfavouritestarisafemalesinger,soit...bethisactor.”可知，此處表示推測，can’t是否定推測，故選D。4.Theheroesdonotwinrespectbyshowingwhotheyare,but________theyhavedone.A.where B.what C.how D.when【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：英雄們贏得尊重的方式不是展示他們是誰，而是展示他們的所作所為。考查賓語從句。where在哪里；what什么；how怎樣；when什么時候?？粘鍪恰皊howing”后的賓語從句，且在從句中作賓語，需用what引導(dǎo)，故選B。5.—Wecansaveenergybyridingbicyclesortakingbusesinsteadofdrivingprivatecars.—________,weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes.A.Anyway B.Otherwise C.Moreover D.However【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——我們可以騎自行車或者乘坐公共汽車代替駕駛私家車節(jié)約能源?！粌H如此，我們應(yīng)該回收像報紙和衣服這樣的東西?？疾楦痹~辨析。Anyway無論如何；Otherwise否則；Moreover而且，此外；However然而。根據(jù)“weshouldrecyclethingslikenewspapersandclothes”可知，此處表示遞進關(guān)系，故選C。6.Artemisinin(青蒿素)wasfirst________byChinesescientistTuYouyouinthe1970s.A.invented B.created C.produced D.discovered【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：青蒿素于20世紀70年代被中國科學(xué)家屠呦呦首次發(fā)現(xiàn)?？疾閯釉~。invented發(fā)明；created創(chuàng)造；produced生產(chǎn)；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。青蒿素是本身就存在，只是后來才被屠呦呦發(fā)現(xiàn)，用動詞discovered。故選D。7.Atruefriendcanseethepaininyoureyes________othersbelievethesmileonyourface.A.because B.while C.before D.until【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：一個真正的朋友可以看到你眼中的痛苦，而其他人則相信你臉上的笑容?？疾檫B詞。because因為；while然而；before在……之前；until直到……為止。根據(jù)“Atruefriendcanseethepaininyoureyes...othersbelievethesmileonyourface.”可知，前后兩句是對比關(guān)系，所以填while。故選B。8.Lastsummer,severalterribleforestfires________inCaliforniaandcausedgreatloss.A.brokeout B.carriedout C.putout D.turnedout【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：去年夏天，幾次可怕的森林火災(zāi)在加利福利亞爆發(fā)了，造成了巨大的損失。考查動詞短語辨析。brokeout爆發(fā)；carriedout執(zhí)行、實施；putout熄滅、出版；turnedout結(jié)果是、生產(chǎn)、關(guān)掉。根據(jù)“terribleforestfires”和“...andcausedgreatloss”可知，可怕的森林火災(zāi)應(yīng)是爆發(fā)了。故選A。9.—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—Well,heiskindandhelpful.Everyoneinourclublikeshimverymuch.A.whatdoesyourbuddylike B.whatisyourbuddylikeC.whatyourbuddylikes D.whatyourbuddyislike【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我你的好友是什么樣的人嗎？——他很友善而且樂于助人。我們俱樂部的每個人都非常喜歡他?？疾榍榫敖浑H和賓語從句。根據(jù)“heiskindandhelpful.”可知，問句應(yīng)是詢問好友性格是什么樣子的，belike問性格，llike問喜好，排除A、C；又因為此處是賓語從句，賓語從句用陳述語序，排除B。故選D。10.—Givingothersahelpinghandnotonlyhelpsusmakefriendsbutalsomakesushappy.—________.A.That’sallright B.That’sthecase C.It’smypleasure D.Don’tmentionit【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——向別人伸出援助之手，不僅能幫助我們結(jié)交朋友，還能讓我們快樂。——事實就是那樣?？疾榍榫敖浑H。That’sallright沒關(guān)系；That’sthecase事實就是那樣；It’smypleasure不客氣；Don’tmentionit沒關(guān)系。根據(jù)“Givingothersahelpinghandnotonlyhelpsusmakefriendsbutalsomakesushappy.”可知，此空表示贊成，故選B。二、完形填空（共12小題；每小題1分，滿分12分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。LifeatCambridgewasexcitingforCharles.Thenbug(蟲子)-collectingwasa___11___activityamongthestudentsthere.Theywouldspendalotoftimelookingforinsectsandholdcompetitionstoseewhocouldfindthemost___12___bugs!Bug-madCharlessoonbecameoneofthese“collectors”.___13___,whilelookingforbugs,Charlesfoundadeadtree—agreatplacetolookfornewinsects!Hepulledawaysomeofitsbark(樹皮)andfoundaverybeautifulbug,whichhecaughtwithonehand.Hethenfound___14___,andcaughtitinhisotherhand.Thatwas___15___hesawaveryunusualbugrunningaround.Thinkingquickly,heputoneoftheinsectshewasholdingintohis___16___sohecouldcatchthenewone.Inasecond,herealizedhehadmadeabig___17___—thebuginhismouthletoutsomesourjuicethatmadehimspit(吐)itout.Inacough,he___18___allthreebugsandhadtostartlookingalloveragain!Hecouldn’thelpbut___19___atwhathadhappened:howamazing!Italsogavehimagreatidea:whynot___20___aclubwhereheandhisfriendscouldtasteotherunusualthings?CharlessetuptheGluttonClubtosharehisinterestin___21___strangecreatures.Thememberswouldservedifferentinsectsandthencomparetheirtastestoseewhichtastedbest.Theboywholovedbugsneverlosthisinterestin___22___thesecretsofnature.Hewouldgoontohavemanyexcitingadventures(冒險)anddiscovermanyamazingthings.YoumightnothaveguessedthattheboyinthisstoryisCharlesDarwin.11.A.hidden B.popular C.small D.challenging12.A.strange B.delicious C.expensive D.unusual13.A.Once B.Finally C.Firstly D.Later14.A.theother B.others C.another D.theone15.A.when B.where C.how D.why16.A.pocket B.mouth C.hair D.shoe17.A.achievement B.success C.surprise D.mistake18.A.killed B.hurt C.lost D.caught19.A.cry B.laugh C.shake D.scream20.A.start B.manage C.choose D.control21.A.catching B.raising C.eating D.holding22.A.filming B.telling C.watching D.exploring【答案】11.B12.D13.A14.C15.A16.B17.D18.C19.B20.A21.C22.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文講了達爾文讀書時熱衷收集昆蟲，創(chuàng)立美食俱樂部品嘗奇異生物，為日后探索自然奧秘奠定基礎(chǔ)?！?1題詳解】句意：那時，收集蟲子是那里學(xué)生的一項流行活動。hidden隱藏的；popular受歡迎的，流行的；small小的；challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)“Theywouldspendalotoftimelookingforinsectsandholdcompetitions”可知，人們會花很多時間尋找蟲子，由此推測這個活動很流行。故選B?！?2題詳解】句意：他們會花很多時間尋找昆蟲并舉行比賽，看看誰能找到最不尋常的蟲子！strange奇怪的；delicious美味的；expensive昂貴的；unusual不同尋常的。根據(jù)下文“hesawaveryunusualbugrunningaround.”可知，他們要找的是最不同尋常的蟲子。故選D。【13題詳解】句意：有一次，在尋找蟲子時，查爾斯發(fā)現(xiàn)了一棵枯樹——一個尋找新昆蟲的好地方！Once有一次；Finally最終；Firstly首先；Later后來。根據(jù)“whilelookingforbugs,Charlesfoundadeadtree—agreatplacetolookfornewinsects”可知，此處講的是他的一次尋找蟲子的經(jīng)歷，所以填“有一次”，其他選項不符合句意，故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：然后他找到了另一只蟲子，并用另一只手抓住了它。theother兩者中的另一個；others其他的（人或物）；another再一，另一；theone那一個。根據(jù)“Hethenfound...”可知，此處泛指發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一只蟲子，無范圍，所以填another。故選C?！?5題詳解】句意：就在這時，他看到一只非常不尋常的蟲子到處跑。when……的時候；where……的地方；how……的方式；why……的原因。根據(jù)“andcaughtitinhisotherhand.Thatwas...hesawaveryunusualbugrunningaround.”可知，此處指在用另一只手抓住蟲子的時候看到一只非常不尋常的蟲子，應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)從句，故選A。16題詳解】句意：他快速地思考著，把手里拿著的一只昆蟲放進嘴里，這樣他就可以抓住新的昆蟲了。pocket口袋；mouth嘴巴；hair頭發(fā)；shoe鞋子。根據(jù)下文“thebuginhismouth”可知，他把蟲子放進了嘴里，故選B。【17題詳解】句意：一秒鐘后，他意識到自己犯了一個大錯誤——他嘴里的蟲子吐出了一些酸汁，讓他吐了出來。achievement成就；success成功；surprise驚喜；mistake錯誤。根據(jù)“thebuginhismouthletoutsomesourjuicethatmadehimspit(吐)itout”可知，蟲子吐出的酸汁使他不舒服，所以他認為把蟲子放進嘴巴是一個錯誤的決定，故選D?！?8題詳解】句意：在咳嗽中，他失去了所有三只蟲子，不得不重新開始尋找！killed殺死；hurt傷害；lost失去；caught抓住。根據(jù)“hadtostartlookingalloveragain!”可知，需要重新再找蟲子，應(yīng)是之前的蟲子都丟失了，故選C。【19題詳解】句意：他忍不住對所發(fā)生的事情大笑起來：真是太神奇了！cry哭；laugh大笑；shake搖晃；scream尖叫。根據(jù)“howamazing”可知，此處指“大笑”，故選B?！?0題詳解】句意：這也給了他一個好主意：為什么不開一個俱樂部，讓他和他的朋友們可以品嘗到其他不尋常的東西呢？start開設(shè)；manage管理；choose選擇；control控制。根據(jù)“setuptheGluttonClub”可知，此處指“開設(shè)一個俱樂部”，故選A?！?1題詳解】句意：查爾斯成立了饕餮俱樂部，以分享他對吃奇怪生物的興趣。catching抓；raising養(yǎng)；eating吃；holding握住。根據(jù)“comparetheirtastes”可知，此處指“吃奇怪的生物”，故選C。【22題詳解】句意：這個喜歡蟲子的男孩從未失去探索大自然奧秘的興趣。filming拍攝；telling講；watching看；exploring探索。根據(jù)“Hewouldgoontohavemanyexcitingadventures(冒險)anddiscovermanyamazingthings.”可知，此處指“探索大自然”，故選D。三、閱讀理解（共14小題；每小題2分，滿分28分）閱讀下面的短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATherearemanyidiomsorsayingsinEnglishthatweusewhenwewanttodescriberelationshipsbetweenandamongfriends.Hereareafewtopracticewithyourfriends.Theidiom“throughthickandthin”isusedtodescribeafriendwhoisloyalandsupportiveduringbadtimesaswellasgoodtimes.Itmostoftendescribesafriendshipthathasbeenstrongforalongtime.Herearetwoexamples:JohnandLisahavebeenfriendsthroughthickandthin.MybestfriendandIstayedtogetherthroughthickandthin.Iftwopeopleare“l(fā)iketwopeas(豌豆)inapod”,itmeansthattheygetalongverywell.Theyaretwoverygoodfriendsandtheyareverysimilartoeachother.IhaveneverseenLolaandCamilleargue;theyareliketwopeasinapod.Somefriendsareespeciallysympatheticandeasytotalkto.Theyarenotjudgmentalorimpatient.Theyaregoodatsharingourpain,whichhelpsreduceourpain.Afriendlikethisisoftencalled“ashouldertocryon”.Wecangotothispersonwithaproblemorsadnessandthispersoncanbringcomforttous.“Hititoff”withsomeonemeansfallinginlovewithsomeonequicklyorgettingalongwithsomeone.Thisusuallyhappensthefirsttimetwopeoplearemeeting.Theyoftenshareinterests,goalsandbeliefs.Thiscanhappenbetweenfriendswholikeeachotheratfirstsight.CarmenandIsabelhititoffatthepartyandaregoingtoamovietogethertoday.MikeandIdidnothititoffonourfirstdate,butwearegoingtotryoncemore.23.Whichofthefollowingmaybefriendsthroughthickandthin?A.Friendswhooftenplaygames. B.Friendswhohelpreducepain.C.Friendswhosharealongfriendship. D.Friendswhoareeasytodealwith.24.Whichofthefollowingidiomsdescribestwosimilarfriends?A.Hititoff. B.Throughthickandthin.CAshouldertocryon. D.Liketwopeasinapod.25.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducesomeEnglishidioms. B.Toexplainwhatagoodfriendshipis.C.Toteachreadershowtolearnidiomswell. D.TooffersomeexamplesofEnglishsentences.【答案】23.C24.D25.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了幾個描述朋友之間關(guān)系的習(xí)語?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theidiom‘throughthickandthin’isusedtodescribeafriendwhoisloyalandsupportiveduringbadtimesaswellasgoodtimes.Itmostoftendescribesafriendshipthathasbeenstrongforalongtime.”可知，“throughthickandthin”，即“風(fēng)雨同舟”，這個成語用來描述一個在好時光和壞時光都忠誠支持的朋友，它最常用來形容長久以來牢固的友誼。因此，“風(fēng)雨同舟”的朋友可能是分享長久友誼的朋友。故選C。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iftwopeopleare‘liketwopeas(豌豆)inapod’,itmeansthattheygetalongverywell.Theyaretwoverygoodfriendsandtheyareverysimilartoeachother.”可知，“l(fā)iketwopeas(豌豆)inapod”，即“如出一轍”，意味著他們相處得非常好，他們是兩個非常好的朋友，彼此非常相似。故選D。【25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章主要介紹了幾個描述朋友之間關(guān)系的習(xí)語，因此文章的目的是介紹一些英文習(xí)語。故選A。BHowmanytimesdoesthechorus(副歌)repeatinyourfavoritesong?Repetitionisafeaturethatmusicaroundtheworldlikestoshare.So,whydoesmusicdependsoheavilyonrepetition?Onepartoftheanswercomesfromwhatpsychologists(心理學(xué)家)callthemereexposure(純粹的暴露)effect.Inshort,peopleusuallypreferthingsthey’vebeenexposedtobefore.Forexample,asongcomesontheradiothatwedon’tespeciallylike,butthenwehearthesongatthegrocerystore,atthemovietheaterandagainonthestreetcorner.Soon,wearetappingtothebeat,singingthewords,andevendownloadingit.Repetitionconnectseachbitofmusictothenextbitofmusicthatfollowsit.Sowhenyouhearafewnotes,you’realreadyimaginingwhat’scomingnext.Yourmindisunconsciously(無意識地)singingalong.Recentstudieshaveshownthatwhenpeoplehearapartofmusicrepeated,theyaremorelikely(可能的)tomoveortapalongtoit.Repetitioninvitesusintomusicasimaginedparticipants(參與者),ratherthanaspassive(被動的)listeners.Researchhasalsoshownthatlistenersshiftstheirattentionacrossmusicalrepetitions,payingattentiontodifferentpartsofthesoundoneachnewlisten.Youmightnoticethemelodyofaphrasethefirsttime,butwhenit’srepeated,yourattentionmovestohowtheguitaristbendsapitch.Critic(評論家)areoftenembarrassed(被尷尬的)bymusic’srepetitiveness,findingitchildish,butrepetition,farfromanembarrassment,isinfactakeyfeaturethatgivesrisetothekindofexperienceasconcert.26.Whichofthefollowingbelongsto(屬于)themereexposureeffect?A.Themoreyoulikeasong,thebetteryouwillsingit.B.Themoreyouareclosetoaplay,thebetteryouwillactit.C.Themoreyouhearasong,themorepossibleyouwillbuyit.D.Themoreyoulistentoasong,themorepossiblyyouwilllikeit.27.Howdoesrepetitioninviteusintomusicasimaginedparticipants?A.Bysingingwiththesong. B.Bylisteningtothemusicpassively.C.Byexpectingwhat’scomingnext. D.Byimaginingwhatthenotesdescribe.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shift”probablymean?A.固定 B.轉(zhuǎn)移 C.夸大 D.冷卻【答案】26.D27.C28.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了音樂的重復(fù)性帶來熟悉感和預(yù)測性，吸引聽眾參與，讓人們無意識地哼唱并關(guān)注聲音的不同部分，是音樂體驗的關(guān)鍵特征。26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inshort,peopleusuallypreferthingsthey’vebeenexposedtobefore.”可知，暴露效應(yīng)指的是人們通常更喜歡他們以前接觸過的東西。D選項“你聽一首歌的次數(shù)越多，你就越有可能喜歡它?！狈希蔬xD。【27題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Repetitionconnectseachbitofmusictothenextbitofmusicthatfollowsit.Sowhenyouhearafewnotes,you’realreadyimaginingwhat’scomingnext.Yourmindisunconsciously(無意識地)singingalong.”可知，重復(fù)將每段音樂與隨后的下一段音樂聯(lián)系起來。所以當(dāng)你聽到幾個音符時，你已經(jīng)在想象下一個音符是什么了。你的大腦在無意識地跟著哼唱。故選C?！?8題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“payingattentiontodifferentpartsofthesoundoneachnewlisten”可知，每次重新聽時都要注意聲音的不同部分，所以劃線單詞意思為“轉(zhuǎn)移”，故選B。CIfIhadacold,Iwouldn’tthinktwiceabouttellingmyfriendsormydoctor.Forsomereason,however,mental(心理的)healthisnottreatedinthesameway.Atmyprimaryschool,mentalhealthwasnotdiscussedevenonceasfarasIcanremember.Thismakesmewonderhowmanyotherschoolsarefailingtoeducatetheirstudentsonthistopic.Itmakesmesadthatchildrengrowingupwithmentalillnessmayfeellikeitissomethingtobeashamedof(對……感到羞恥的)becauseitisneverdiscussed.WhenIreachedhighschool,mentalhealthwasstillseldomdiscussed.Butwhenitwasinthetopicofhealthorbiologyclass,Iwasgivenabroadideathatmentalillnesswasa“thing”thatreallylies.Inmyopinion,overstressedhighschoolstudentscouldbenefit(獲益)greatlyfrommoredeepdiscussionsabouthowtodealwithmentalhealthproblems,suchashowtoknowwhenyoushouldcareaboutyourselforafriend,orwhotoreachoutforhelp.IknowmyfriendsandIcouldhave(本可以)benefited.Evenifyoupersonallyhaveneverfacedmentalhealthproblems,someoneyouknowissuretohave,andyoucanoffertimelyhelp.Ibelieveweneedtonormalize(使……正常化)discussionsaboutmentalhealthatanearlyage,ratherthanhidingthemfromsight.Atschool,Isawastudent’sreportonmentalhealtheducationandhowitcanbecarriedoutintheAmericanschoolsystem.ThestudentusedthefilmInsideOut(頭腦特工隊)toexplainfeelingstoyoungerkids.Thisreportmademebelievethatitispossibletostartthesediscussionsatayoungageifwetry.Althoughwecan’tchangethewaypeoplethinkaboutmentalhealthoveronenight,therearestillthingswecando.Askingourfriendshowthey’refeelingisagoodstart.29.Whatwasmentalhealtheducationlikewhenthewriterwasinhighschool?A.Itwasdealtwithindetail. B.Itwaspaidnoattentionto.C.Itwasfarfromenough. D.Itwasconsideredimportant.30.Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromParagraph3?A.Highschoolstudentsareunderincreasingstressthesedays.B.Thereisanincreasedawarenessofmentalhealthproblems.C.Manystudentsareashamedofhavingmentalhealthproblems.D.Thewritermighthavehadmentalhealthproblemsinhighschool.31.Whatdidthewriterlearnfromthestudent’sreport?A.Kidswhoarehealthyoutsidemightbeillinside.B.Mentalhealthdiscussionscanbeheldwithyoungkids.C.TheAmericanschoolsystemisopentomentalhealtheducation.D.Watchingeducationalfilmscanhelpchildrenwithmentalillness.32.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Mentalhealthmatters! B.Isitokayifit’snotgood?C.Theearlier,thebetter! D.Howtopayattentiontomentalhealth?【答案】29.C30.D31.B32.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文講了心理健康問題不像感冒那樣被重視，學(xué)校教育中也很少討論。作者認為，公開討論心理健康問題很重要，尤其是對壓力大的高中生。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WhenIreachedhighschool,mentalhealthwasstillseldomdiscussed.”可知，當(dāng)作者上高中時，心理健康仍然很少被討論。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“IknowmyfriendsandIcouldhave(本可以)benefited.”可知，作者在高中也有心理健康問題，故選D?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thisreportmademebelievethatitispossibletostartthesediscussionsatayoungageifwetry.”可知，有可能在很小的時候就開始這些心理健康討論。故選B?！?2題詳解】最佳標(biāo)題題。本文講了心理健康問題不像感冒那樣被重視，學(xué)校教育中也很少討論。作者認為，公開討論心理健康問題很重要，尤其是對壓力大的高中生。A選項“心理健康很重要！”符合，故選A。D“Nowitisover,”hethought.Allthewoundswerehurtingwiththecoldofthenight.“IhopesomuchIdonothavetofightagain.”Butatmidnighttheycameagaininagroup.Hecouldonlyseethelinesinthewaterthattheirfinsmadeandtheirphosphorescenceastheythrewthemselvesonthefish.Hebeattheirheadswiththetiller(舵柄),buttheshipshookheavilyastheyknockedbelow...Theydroveinoneafteranother,tearingoffthepiecesoffish...Heswung(擺動)thetillerwithallhisstrength...Heheardthetillerbreak...Hethrewhissharpporkasheavilyaspossible...Thelastsharkrolledaway.Therewasnothingmoreforthemtoeat.Theoldmancouldhardlybreathenowandhefeltastrangetasteinhismouth.Hespat(吐)intotheoceanandsaid.“Eatthat,galanos.Andmakeadreamthatyou’vekilledaman.”Afterawhile,hesettledtheshiponhercourse.Hehadnothoughtsnoranyfeelings.Hesailedlightlynowaswellandaswiselyashecould.Theoldmanpaidnoattentiontoanythingexceptsteering(駕駛).Heonlynoticedhowlightlyandhowwelltheshipsailednow—therewasnogreatweightbesideher.“She’sgood,”hethought.“Sheisnotharmedinanywayexceptforthetiller.Thatiseasilyreplaced.”Hecouldfeelhewasinsidethecurrent(水流)nowandhecouldseethelightsofthebeach.Heknewwherehewasnowanditwasnothingtogethome.“Thewindisourfriend,anyway,”hethought.Thenheadded,“Sometimes.”“Andthegreatseawithourfriendsandourenemies.Bedismyfriend.Justbed.Bedwillbeagreatthing.Itiseasywhenyouarebeaten.Ineverknewhoweasyitwas.Andwhatbeatyou?”hethought.“Nothing,”hesaidaloud.“Iwentouttoofar.”33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthe2ndparagraphreferto(指代)?A.Thesharksattackingtheship. B.Thefishintheship.C.Thefishinthesea. D.Birdsabovethesea.34.Theunderlinedword“She”inthe6thparagraphmeans________.A.Thelastshark. B.Thedeadfish. C.Theship. D.Thesea.35.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothestory?A.Theoldcamehomesafelywithashipoffish.B.Theoldmanonlyfoughtagainstonesharkthatnight.C.Theoldmanwouldnevergoouttocatchfishanymore.D.Theoldmanthoughtbedwasalwayshisgoodfriend.36.Whatwordscanbeusedtodescribetheoldmaninthestory?A.Impatientandcareless. B.Braveandfighting.C.Bravebutweak. D.Strongbutscared.【答案】33.A34.C35.D36.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文講了老人與鯊魚搏斗一夜，終于趕走了鯊魚。盡管精疲力盡，但老人還是駕船返航。他意識到失敗并不可怕，可怕的是不知道是什么打敗了自己?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Hecouldonlyseethelinesinthewaterthattheirfinsmadeandtheirphosphorescenceastheythrewthemselvesonthefish.”及“buttheshipshookheavilyastheyknockedbelow”并結(jié)合選項可知，此處“they”指代的是攻擊船的鯊魚，故選A。【34題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Sheisnotharmedinanywayexceptforthetiller.”可知，“she”指代的是船，故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Bedismyfriend.Justbed.”可知，老人認為床一直是他的好朋友，故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Hebeattheirheadswiththetiller(舵柄),buttheshipshookheavilyastheyknockedbelow...Thelastsharkrolledaway.Therewasnothingmoreforthemtoeat.”及“Andwhatbeatyou?...Nothing”可知，他勇敢而好戰(zhàn)的，故選B。四、還原句子（共4小題；每小題1.5分，滿分6分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的六個選項中選出四個可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ChopstickswerefirstusedinChinaandthenintroducedtootherareasintheworld.___37___Hereare3thingstoknowaboutthem.Whenwerechopsticksinvented?LonglongtimeagoChineseancestors(祖先)actuallyalsousedhandstoeat.About3,000yearsagoduringtheShangDynasty,Chinesepeoplestartedtousechopsticks.Duringthepre-Qinperiod,chopstickswerecalled“Jia(梜)”,andintheQinandHandynasties,theywerecalled“Zhu(箸)”.Because“Zhu”sharesthesamepronunciationwith“stop”inChinese,whichisanunluckyword,bytheMingDynasty,peoplebegantocallthem“Kuai”,meaning“fast”inChinese.___38___Whoinventedchopsticks?___39___OneisthatJiangZiyawasinspired(激勵)tocreatechopsticksbyamythical(神話中的)bird.AnotheroneisthatDaji,thefavoriteconsort(妃子)oftheKingZhouofShang,inventedchopsticksinordertopleasetheking.ItisalsosaidthatYutheGreat,whofoundedtheXiaDynasty,usedstickstopickuphotfoodinordertosavetimetocontrolfloods.So,chopstickscameintobeing.___40___Wheneatingwiththeelders,Chinesepeopleusuallylettheelderstakeupchopsticksbeforeanyoneelse.Besides,playingwithchopsticksisthoughttobeabadmanner.It’salsoimpolitetotapchopsticksontheedgeofone’sbowl,becauseinancientChinabeggars(乞丐)oftendidittoattractattention.A.Whatshouldwepayattentiontowhenusingchopsticks?B.Whatelseshouldweknowaboutthehistoryofchopsticks?C.Thisistheorigin(起源)oftoday’snameofChinesechopsticks.D.ChopsticksareconsideredoneofthesymbolsofChinesefoodculture.E.TheinventionofchopsticksplaysaveryimportantroleinChinesehistory.F.Thereisnoexacthistoricalrecordaboutthequestion,buttherearemanyfolkstoriesaboutit.【答案】37.D38.C39.F40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了筷子的相關(guān)信息，包括發(fā)明時間、發(fā)明者及使用注意點?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)“ChopstickswerefirstusedinChinaandthenintroducedtootherareasintheworld.”可知，此空從總體上來介紹筷子，D選項“筷子被認為是中國飲食文化的象征之一?！狈?，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空格位置可知，此空總結(jié)該段落，C選項“這就是今天中國筷子名字的由來?！狈希蔬xC?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)“Whoinventedchopsticks?”及“OneisthatJiangZiyawasinspired(激勵)tocreatechopsticksbyamythical(神話中的)bird.”可知，此空講“問題的答案與故事有關(guān)”，F(xiàn)選項“關(guān)于這個問題沒有確切的歷史記載，但有許多民間故事?！狈?，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空格位置可知，此處為段落小標(biāo)題，為特殊疑問句，結(jié)合段落大意可知，主要講的是“使用筷子需要注意的內(nèi)容”，A選項“使用筷子時要注意什么？”符合，故選A。五、綜合填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Therearemanyspecialdaysinayear,notonlyintheWesterncountries___41___inChina.Mother’sDayisoneofthem.Itisaspecialdaywhenpeopleshowrespecttotheirmothers.Butdoyouknowhowitoriginated(起源)?Mother’sDaythat____42____(celebrate)todaybeganwithawomannamedAnnaJarvis.Shewrote____43____(thousand)ofletterstothelocalgovernmentandadvisedthatthesecondSundayinMayshouldbecelebrated____44____Mother’sDay.In1914,thegovernmentoftheUS___45___(final)agreed.Afterthat,thesecondSundayinMaybecameadaytoexpressloveformothersalloverthecountry.OnMother’sDay,childrenofall____46____(age)givetheirmothersdifferentgifts.Populargiftsincludeflowers,jewelleryorcandy.Childrenalsodonicethingssotheirmotherwillnothavetodoanyworkonthisday.Children____47____can’tbewiththeirmotherontheholidaysendacardwithamessageoflove.Theyalsocalltheirmotheronthetelephone___48___(wish)herahappyday.Mother’sDayisoneof___49___(busy)daysoftheyearfortelephoneuseintheUS.Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldliketocelebrateMother’sday.InChina,manypeopleinvitetheirmothertoseeafilmorgo____50____(travel).Somefamilygettogetherandhaveabigdinnerforthisday.Itmakestheirlifecolorfulandtheirlifeisfullofmorelove.【答案】41.but42.iscelebrated43.thousands44.as45.finally46.ages47.who##that48.towish49.thebusiest50.travelling【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了母親節(jié)的起源和活動。【41題詳解】句意：一年中有很多特殊的日子，不僅在西方國家，在中國也是如此。根據(jù)“notonly”可知，考查notonly...but(also)...“不僅……而且……”，故填but?！?2題詳解】句意：今天慶祝的母親節(jié)始于一位名叫AnnaJarvis的女人。根據(jù)“Mother’sDaythat...todaybeganwithawomannamedAnnaJarvis.”可知，此處為定語從句，that指代先行詞“Mother’sDay”，與“celebrate”是被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)“today”可知，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為“Mother’sDay”，所以結(jié)構(gòu)為“is+過去分詞”；celebrate的過去分詞為celebrated。故填iscelebrated?！?3題詳解】句意：她給當(dāng)?shù)卣畬懥藬?shù)千封信，并建議將五月的第二個星期日定為母親節(jié)。根據(jù)“ofletters”可知，此處考查thousandsof“數(shù)千的”，故填thousands?！?4題詳解】句意：她給當(dāng)?shù)卣畬懥藬?shù)千封信，并建議將五月的第二個星期日定為母親節(jié)。根據(jù)“thesecondSundayinMayshouldbecelebrated...Mother’sDay.”可知，此處考查becelebratedas...“作為……被慶?！?，as“作為”符合句意，故填as?！?5題詳解】句意：1914年，美國政府終于同意了。根據(jù)“agreed”可知，此處填副詞finally修飾動詞，故填finally。【46題詳解】句意：在母親節(jié)，各個年齡段的孩子都會給母親不同的禮物。根據(jù)“all”可知，此處填名詞復(fù)數(shù)ages。故填ages?！?7題詳解】句意：不能在假期與母親在一起的孩子會寄一張卡片，上面寫著愛的信息。根據(jù)“Children...can’tbewiththeirmotherontheholidaysendacardwithamessageoflove.”可知，此處為定語從句，從句缺少主語，且指代先行詞“Children”，所以用關(guān)系代詞who/that。故填who/that。【48題詳解】句意：他們還打電話給母親，祝她有快樂的一天。根據(jù)“Theyalsocalltheirmotheronthetelephone...herahappyday.”可知，此處表示打電話的目的，表目的用動詞不定式，故填towish?！?9題詳解】句意：母親節(jié)是美國一年中電話使用最繁忙的日子之一。根據(jù)“oneof”可知，考查oneof+the+形容詞最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù)“……之一”，busy的最高級為busiest。故填thebusiest。【50題詳解】句意：在中國，很多人邀請媽媽去看電影或去旅游。根據(jù)“go”可知，考查go+動名詞“去做某事”，travel的動名詞為travelling。故填travelling。六、根據(jù)所給中文完成句子（共6小題；每小題1.5分，滿分9分）51.三思過后，他們做出了縮短行程的決定。After________________,they________________.【答案】①.thinkingtwice②.decidedtocutthetripshort##decidedtocutthejourneyshort【解析】【詳解】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，空處缺“三思”和“做出了縮短行程的決定”的英文表達。thinktwice“三思”，介詞“after”后填動名詞thinking；decidetodosth.“做出決定做某事”，該句為一般過去時，填動詞過去式decided；cutthetrip/journeyshort“縮短行程”。故填thinkingtwice；decidedtocutthetrip/journeyshort。52.每當(dāng)落后時，他們是怎么讓自己振作起來的?Howdidthey________________________?【答案】cheerthemselvesupwhenfallingbehind(everytime)##cheerthemselvesupeachtimetheyfellbehind【解析】【詳解】根據(jù)漢語提示可知缺少部分是“讓自己振作起來”和時間狀語“每當(dāng)落后時”，主語是“they”，因此“讓自己振作起來”譯為“cheerthemselvesup”，作謂語部分；“每當(dāng)落后時”可用“when+現(xiàn)在分詞”表達，“落后”譯為“fallbehind”，即“whenfallingbehind(everytime)”，也可用“eachtime+從句”表達，根據(jù)“did”可知時態(tài)為一般過去時，即“eachtimetheyfellbehind”。故填cheerthemselvesupwhenfallingbehind(everytime)/eachtimetheyfellbehind。53.吉姆覺得很有必要再編兩個故事。Jimthought________________________.【答案】itnecessarytomakeupanothertwostories/itwasnecessarytomakeupanothertwostories/itnecessarytomakeuptwomorestories/itwasnecessarytomakeuptwomorestories【解析】【詳解】必要的：necessary；編造：makeup；再兩個故事：anothertwostories/twomorestories。根據(jù)英漢對比可知，此處可以采用think+賓語從句或者think+賓語+賓語補足語；可以用it代替動詞不定式作形式賓語或者用it代替動詞不定式作形式主語，即：thinkit+形容詞+動詞不定式；thinkitbe+形容詞+動詞不定式。根據(jù)主句用一般過去時，所以從句中的be用過去式，故填itnecessarytomakeupanothertwostories/itwasnecessarytomakeupanothertwostories/itnecessarytomakeuptwomorestories/itwasnecessarytomakeuptwomorestorie。54.最終證明，邁克與這次事故無關(guān)。________________Mike________________theaccident.【答案】①.Itturnedoutthat②.hadnothingtodowith【解析】【詳解】本題需要表達“結(jié)果證明他與這次事故無關(guān)”這一語義。分析句子可知，本句主語是“It”，時態(tài)為一般過去時，謂語動詞用一般過去式，“結(jié)果證明”用到的短語是turnout，turn應(yīng)變?yōu)檫^去式turned；“Mike與這次事故無關(guān)”是一個完整的句子，所以可用that引導(dǎo)的句子來作賓語；“與……無關(guān)”用到的短語是havenothingtodowith，have應(yīng)變?yōu)檫^去式had。故填I(lǐng)tturnedoutthat；hadnothingtodow