2024屆 高考英語 二輪復(fù)習(xí) 七選五 強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（含解析）

Test1Abunchofprettyflowerswillusuallymakeafriendsmile.Weknowflowerscannotlast，butsurelytherearewaystokeepsomeoftheirbeauty.__1__Youcanpresseitherwholeflowersorsinglepetals(花瓣)．Thisdependsonwhattypeofflowersyouuse.First，dividetheflowerintopetals.Then，lineeachpetalwithpaperandputpetalsbetweenthepagesofbooks.Thelinersbetweenthepageswilldryupthepetals.Thetexture(質(zhì)地)ofthepaperusedfordryingwillchangethelookofthepetals.Forinstance，ifyouusearoughpapertowel，itspatternwilltransfertothepetals.__2__Keepthebooksinawarm，dryplace.Thepetalsshouldbedryenoughforuseaftertwoweeks.Theywillfeelmuchlikepaper.Youarenowreadytomakeadesign.Itisbesttostartbymakinganoutlinewithapencil.__3__Usinganonacidwhitegluewillhelpthepicturelastlonger.Therestoftheprocessisuptoyou.__4__Youcanmakeyourdesigndifferentandspecial.Youcaneitherusewholepetalsortearthemintovariousshapes.Someflowersaresofragilethattheyneedcarefulhandling.Choosethecolorsyoulike.Youcancreateapicturelikeanactualflowergarden，orwhateveryouprefer.Whentheworkisdone，frameit.Theseframedpicturesmakegreatgifts.Butyoumaywanttokeepthemforyourself.__5__Practicetheartoffleurage.Itisawonderfulwaytokeepthebeautyofflowers.Thistypeofflowerscanlastforever.Andtheyneverneedwater!A．Then，gluethepetalsintheoutlinedspace.B．It'sagoodchanceforyoutopersonalizeyourwork.C．Outliningthedesignisthelaststepofthisart.D．And“fleurage”，ortheartofpressingflowers，isoneofthem.E．Asoftfacialtissuewillcreateamorenaturallook.F．Itisagoodideatohangyourworkawayfromthesun.G．Thenexttimeyoureceiveabunchofflowers，don'tthrowthemaway.Test2Foodwastehasbecomeasevereproblemacrosstheworldduetoalackofunderstandingofhowtoeffectivelyusefoodandconserveit.Roughlyone-thirdofthefoodproducedgloballyiseitherlostorwastedeveryyear.__1__StopFoodWasteDayisaninternationaldayofactioninthefightagainstfoodwaste.Itstartedin2017byCompassGroup，oneoftheworld'slargestfood-servicecompaniesservingrestaurants，cafes，hospitals，schools，andmore.__2__Onthisday，Compasscountryteamswillworktogethertoraiseawarenessofthecriticalfoodwasteproblemandinspirechange.StopFoodWasteDayaimstoeducatepeopleabouttheirfoodwaste.__3__StopFoodWasteDayhopestochangethewayleftoversareused，sopeoplecantakethemostsignificantadvantageofwhatfoodtheyuse.TheCompassGroupfocusestheeffortsonitsmissionbyteachingtheirchefshowtotrackandreducewasteasmuchaspossible.Theyalsoseektodonatemorethan250，000poundsoffoodeachyeartolocalfoodbanks.__4__Showyoursupportbylookingupsimplerecipestobestuseleftoversandfreshproduce.Beforeshoppingforfood，planaheadbymakingalistandonlybuyingwhatyouknowyou'lluse.__5__Getintothehabitoffreezingleftovers，insteadofthrowingthemintherubbishbin.Besides，helpteachpeopleaboutthebenefitsofstoppingfoodwaste.A．Itbringsabout30countriestogether.B．Nowit'syourturntotakeaction.C．Foodwaste，however，canbestopped.D．Helpschedulecookingdemonstrationsandsharerecipes.E．Moreimportantly，itofferscreativeandimpactfulsolutions.F．CompassGrouppromisedtoreducefoodwasteby30%by2025.G．Alsoavoidwastingfoodbyseeingwhatneedstobeusedupbeforeyougoshopping.Test3MyheartwentouttothedramateacherIreadaboutinarecentnewsitem.EachparentfromherclassinsistedthatshecasttheirownchildasSnowWhite.Thisremindedmeofmyseventhgrademusical—“TheAdventuresofTomSawyer.”IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky，thefemaleleadwhowasTom'sgirlfriend.__1__Forstarters，Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos，andIcouldn'tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn'thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.Iwasassignedthenon-singingroleofMissWatson，theMaid.Ihadtowearanuglydress.AndIhadonlyonelinetolearn，“That'swhatIsay.”__2__MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes，andgottorepeat“That'swhatIsay”throughouttheplay.Atlast，ourproductionwasputonstage.ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That'swhatIsay.”Ihadn'tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny，orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.__3__Thatnight，Ibegantounderstandthatbeingthestarmaynotbeanymorefunthanbeingastand-outinasupportingrole.Eachperson，onstageandbackstage，isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart，theplaywouldbedullasdirt.__4__Ifeveryoneisastarthennothinggetsdone.It'sallnoiseandchaos.AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson，tobecomesomeonetheydidn'tknowtheywantedtobe.__5__A．Soitisinlife.B．Itwasnottobe.C．Itwasanythingbutagreatpart.D．MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.E．Ittooktheentirecasttomakeagoodshow.F．Therewasanadvantage，inmyopinion，though.G．Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.Test4Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities？Urbanareasalsotendtogethotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.__1__It'smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthegroundinurbanareasandthecountryside.Inthecountry，evaporation(蒸發(fā))ofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltheair.__2__Havingfewerplants，citieshavelessevaporationandareunabletocooldownthetemperature.Darkcoloursareanotherproblem.Darkobjectsabsorballwavelengthsoflight，makingthetemperatureincreasemorenoticeably.Incontrast，whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy.__3__Sadly，mostpartsofcitiesarecoveredbyasphalt(瀝青)，steel，roofsandbrickswhichareoftendarkincolour.__4__Aspeopledrivecars，heatbuildings，andrunairconditioners，citiesaregeneratingwasteheatandpuringitintotheatmospheredirectly.Thewasteheataddstothesolarenergytrappedbythetallbuildings.Butcitiesdon'thavetobesohot.Somecitieshavelightenedtheirstreets.Thisisdonebycoveringblackasphaltstreets，parkinglots，anddarkroofswithamorereflectivegraycoating.__5__Havingmoregreenspacesalsohelps.Plantsserveasanaturalairconditioner.Theycatchheat，releasevapour(蒸汽)intotheair，andtakeawayheat，contributingtocooler，freshercities.A．Citiesalsoproducemoreheatthansuburbanareas.B．Thehigherthetemperature，theshorterthewavelength.C．Thisphenomenonisknownastheurbanheat-islandeffect.D．Soitwillnotbetransformedintoheatwhichmakestheairhot.E．Changesinbuildingmaterialshaveaminimaleffectoncitytemperatures.F．Muchofthesoilincities，bycontrast，hasbeencoveredwithroadsandbuildings.G．Thesechangescandecreaseairtemperaturesdramatically，especiallyinsummer.Test5WithNewYearapproaching，year-endreviewsdominatetheairwaves.__1__．Losetenpounds？Readabookamonth？However，I'venevergivenmuchthoughttoNewYear'sresolutions.Imakeintentionsinstead.Itmeanssettingone'spurposetowardapathinsteadofactiontowardspecificbehavior.Andmorethanthat，I'msettingtheminaframework(體系)thatwillgivethemwings.Settime，notgoalsAwisefriendoncetoldme“Donotsetaresultasthegoal.Setthetimeinwhichyoudothethingsyouwanttodo.”Forexample，IusuallytellmyselfIshouldwritemore.__2__．Then，Irealizeitwouldbebettertosetmyintentiontowriteandthetimetowrite，forexample，from8：30a．m.to11：30a．m.TakeadvantageofthePremackprincipleThePremackprincipleisabehavioralstrategythatstatesthatthepresenceofhigh-probabilitybehaviorcanmakelow-probabilitybehaviormorelikely.__3__．So，nowthatI'vesetmyintentiontowriteandthetimetowrite，Icanlinkittohigh-probabilitybehavior，suchasdroppingmykidsoffatschoolinthemorning.Thepointisthatitgetstheactionrollingwithoutmuchthoughtorself-motivationtalk.__4__．__5__Let'sfaceit，nomatterhowmuchyousetanintention，ifthere'snoenjoymentonceyoustart，itwilllikelyfallbythewayside.So，findingapaththatyouenjoywillbringthesameresults.Intruth，Ihateexercising，but，luckily，Iwalkmydog.Alovelywaytoexercise，gooutinnature，enjoycompanionship，andmeetpeople!A．FaceyourintentiondirectlyB．Oneintention，multiplepathsC．Overtime，itbecomesroutineaswellD．ButtheresultprovesfarfromsatisfactoryE．PerhapsmostarealsomakingNewYear'sresolutionsF．ResolutionsseemtoholdpeopleprisonersratherthanfreethemG．Inotherwords，toenactnewbehavior，attachittowell-establishedbehaviorTest6HowtoTakeEffectiveNotesDuringLecturesEffectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaandwritedownitskeywordsinyourownway.__1__Prepareforthelectureinadvance.Teachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.__2__Itcanhelpyoufocusonthedifficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetterquestionsinclass.Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.__3__Forexample，somevisuallearnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.Somepeoplepreferwritingwords，andsomemayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhilestudying.Youhavetofindthestyleworksbestforyou.__4__Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords，createaformoffastandbriefwritingwithsomesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakenotesquicklyandkeepupwiththelecture.Takedownkeypoints.Itisimportanttowritedownkeypointsfromthelecture.__5__Thingslikekeyideas，definitions，anddescriptivephrasescanhelpyourememberthesubject.Forexample，ifthelectureisbasedonaspecificbattleinhistory，trytowritedownthedate，themajorcharactersinvolvedandtheoveralloutcomeofthestruggle.A．Developyourshorthand.B．Writequestionsasyouarelistening.C．Skimmingthemwillwarmupyourbrain.D．Everythingyoulearnmaybehelpfulinthefuture.E．Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentwaysofnote-taking.F．Itmeansyouneedtofocusonthemostmeaningfulinformation.G．Withthefollowingtips，youcanbecomeabetterlecturenote-taker.Test7Weclearlyliveinanerawithlittlepatience.EntireTVseriesareavailableatonceonstreamingservices，andburningquestionsaresolvedinsecondsviaasearchengine.Thisinstantsatisfaction，undoubtedly，iskillingourabilitytowait.__1__．Herearesomestrategiestopickupthatmagicmixifyouweren'tbornwithit.?VisualizesuccessThere'snoneedtosetarealsituationwhereyouwaitinasuperlonggrocerycheckoutlinetotestyourself.Simplyvisualizingithelpsalot.Seeyourselfsmilingandbreathingasyouwaitforthelinetomove.__2__．Forexample，youcouldsay，“it'snotbadtoenjoythismagazinewhilewaiting”．Yourmindwillstarttoprocessthepictureasarealexperienceandhelptosetyouupforfuturesuccesses.?SlowdownRacingaroundisnotnecessarilytheonlywaytogetwhatyouwant.__3__．Mostadultsdonotfeelhappywhenthey'rerushing，andchildrenareevenlesscapableofdoingitwithagoodattitude.Insteadofsweatingthroughyourroutine，turnonsomebackgroundmusicyoulikeandmoveatanormalpace.?__4__Theabilitytoletyourmindwander，whetherdaydreamingoractivelyapplyingyourimagination，isaskillthatimprovespatience.__5__．Takeabreakanddosomethingthatcouldfreeyourbrainfromtheworkthattakestonsofenergy.Thishelpsyoubuildupyourstayingpower，sonexttimeyoumightbemorepatientandmorelikelytofocusonyourtask.A．LearntodistractyourselfB．AddsomepositivewordsifpossibleC．Therefore，wearegettingmoreandmoreimpatientD．Youdon'thavetogetthewholepaperdoneinonegoE．WegetsocaughtupinhurryingthatwegetstuckinthatmodeF．Butsometimes，afastpacedoesimproveourworkingefficiencyG．Thus，thelossofthismixedqualityoftoleranceandcalmnessisunavoidableTest8It'salwaysexcitingtobeginanewjob.Butamongthefrenzy(極度激動(dòng))ofmeetingnewcolleagues，startingnewprojects，andbuildingnewskills，therecanbeastressfulpressuretosucceed.Abigpartofyoursuccessisdeterminedbyhowquicklyyouareabletodigestlotsofinformation，whichcanbeveryhard.__1__*ManageyourselfWhenyounoticeinformationoverload，don'tignoreitanddon'tpanic.Saytoyourself，“I'minanewjobandthereisplentytolearnhere.It'sokaytofeelthisway.”__2__Rememberthatemotionscanhelpyoubetterunderstandyourselfandyourvalues.*Sortyourinformation__3__．Itkeepswhatitneedsmoreimmediatelyinourshort-termmemory，anditmixestogetherinformationwemayneedtouseinthefuturetostoreinourlong-termmemory.Fortheinformationthat'snotneeded，ourbrainactslikeagarbagemanagement，recyclinganddeletingit.*__4__Organizationsoftenhavedigitalknowledgemanagementsystemstostoreandtakeimportantinformation.Youcandothesametoreducebrainburden.IrecommendcreatingaWorddocumentinwhichyouwritedowninformationthatyourbraindoesn'tneedtorememberorstore.*Reducetask-switchingMultitaskingisn'tgoodforyouphysicallyormentallyandisworseforyourproductivityandcognition(認(rèn)知)．__5__．Youcangoforlongerthanthat，butbesuretotakeabreak.Focusedactivityislesstaxingthanmultitasking，butyoucan'tkeepworkingendlessly.A．RespondpositivelyB．UsetechnologytohelpC．ThatproblemismucheasiertounderstandandsolveD．HerearesomemethodstodealwiththeinformationoverloadE．Forgreaterresults，focusononetaskforaround25minutesF．Ourbrainislikeacleverpieceofequipmentthat“takesininformation”G．Thisself-talkhelpsnormalizethesituationandmakestheemotionseasiertohandle【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如何通過干花藝術(shù)來保存花束。1．解析：分析語境找線索：該空位于第一段結(jié)尾，空前說花不能保存長久但肯定有辦法讓它們保持美麗；第二段第一句話說你可以壓整朵花或單個(gè)花瓣→對(duì)比選項(xiàng)找答案：由此可知，空處在文中起著承上啟下的作用。對(duì)比各選項(xiàng)可知，D項(xiàng)符合語境，該選項(xiàng)中的“them”指的是上句話中的“ways”，且該選項(xiàng)中的pressing與第二段第一句話中的press一致，兩處均構(gòu)成詞匯意義上的銜接。答案：D2．解析：此題與上題一樣，均可用詞匯意義上的銜接法做題。空前一句說如果你使用粗糙的紙巾，它的圖案會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移到花瓣上。E項(xiàng)中的“Asoftfacialtissue”與空前的“aroughpaper”構(gòu)成詞匯意義上的對(duì)比。答案：E3．解析：此段講述壓花的過程，首先把書放在溫暖干燥的地方，兩周后花瓣應(yīng)該足夠干燥可以使用；然后開始設(shè)計(jì)，最好先用鉛筆畫一個(gè)輪廓。A項(xiàng)中的“theoutlinedspace”與空前的“anoutline”構(gòu)成詞匯意義的銜接。句意：最好先用鉛筆畫一個(gè)輪廓，然后把花瓣粘在勾勒的空間里。答案：A4．解析：空前一句說其余的過程取決于你，空后一句說你可以讓你的設(shè)計(jì)與眾不同，由此可知，B項(xiàng)“這是讓你的作品個(gè)性化的好機(jī)會(huì)”符合語境，該選項(xiàng)中的“personalizeyourwork”與空后的“makeyourdesigndifferentandspecial”意義一致。答案：B5．解析：空后說練習(xí)壓花的藝術(shù)是一種保持花的美麗的好方法，壓花永遠(yuǎn)開不謝，而且它們從來不需要澆水。故G項(xiàng)“下次你收到一束花時(shí)，不要把它們?nèi)拥簟狈险Z境，與后文銜接。答案：G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了“StopFoodWasteDay”的創(chuàng)立和其宗旨，并提出了一些阻止食物浪費(fèi)的方法。1．解析：空前一句講到食物浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，下文則講到StopFoodWasteDay的創(chuàng)立及一些阻止食物浪費(fèi)的方法，由此可見，食物浪費(fèi)是可以阻止的，故C項(xiàng)“然而，食物浪費(fèi)是可以阻止的”符合語境。答案：C2．解析：分析語境尋線索：空前一句講到StopFoodWasteDay是由CompassGroup創(chuàng)立的，空后則講到“Compasscountryteamswillworktogether”，因此，空處承上啟下，應(yīng)該會(huì)講到其最初創(chuàng)立時(shí)候的一些情況→對(duì)比選項(xiàng)定答案：A項(xiàng)“它把大約30個(gè)國家團(tuán)結(jié)在了一起”符合語境。答案：A3．解析：空前一句講到“StopFoodWasteDay旨在教育人們了解食物浪費(fèi)”，E項(xiàng)“更重要的是，它提供了富有創(chuàng)意的和有影響力的解決方案”承接上文，并且能引出下文中講到的“改變?nèi)藗兝檬ｏ埖姆绞健?，故E項(xiàng)符合語境。答案：E4．解析：本空考查段落主旨句。根據(jù)本段中的“Showyoursupport...planahead”可知，本段主要講到了為阻止食物浪費(fèi)，人們可以利用的方法，故B項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在該你采取行動(dòng)了”適合作本段的主旨句。答案：B5．解析：結(jié)合本段的主旨句可知，本段主要講到阻止食物浪費(fèi)可以利用的方法，G項(xiàng)“在購物前先看看需要用完的東西避免浪費(fèi)食物”也是具體方法之一，且“Also”也可以與上文形成并列關(guān)系，故G項(xiàng)符合語境。答案：G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇敘議結(jié)合的文章。作者通過小時(shí)候一次戲劇表演中成功扮演了一個(gè)小角色的經(jīng)歷告訴我們生活中每個(gè)孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)取得成功。1．解析：根據(jù)空格前的句子“IdesperatelywantedtoplaytheroleofBecky，thefemaleleadwhowasTom'sgirlfriend.(我非常想扮演貝基這個(gè)角色，她是湯姆的女朋友)”可知，作者非常想扮演貝基這個(gè)角色，但是根據(jù)空格后的句子“Forstarters，Beckyhadtosingnumeroussolos，andIcouldn'tcarryatuneinabucket.Ialsodidn'thavelongblondecurlslikeprettyLindaWrightwhowonthepart.(首先，貝基要唱很多次獨(dú)唱，而我卻不會(huì)唱歌。我也沒有像贏得這個(gè)角色的漂亮的琳達(dá)·賴特那樣有長長的金色卷發(fā))”可知，因?yàn)樽髡咦陨淼臈l件，她演貝基這個(gè)角色是不可能的。由空格前后的內(nèi)容可知，空格處的句子是一個(gè)承上啟下的句子，所以B項(xiàng)“Itwasnottobe.(這是不可能的)”符合題意。答案：B2．解析：根據(jù)空格前的句子“Ihadonlinetolearn.(我需要記住一下)”和下文“MissWatsonwasonstageinquiteafewscenes，andgottorepeat‘That'swhatIsay’throughouttheplay.(沃森小姐在舞臺(tái)上有好幾場戲，在整個(gè)劇中都要重復(fù)‘我就是這么說的’)”可知，作者雖然扮演的是小角色，但是，作者認(rèn)為對(duì)她來說是好事，因?yàn)樗恍枰f一句臺(tái)詞“那就是我說的”。所以F項(xiàng)“Therewasanadvantage，inmyopinion，though.(不過，在我看來，這還是有好處的)”符合題意。答案：F3．解析：根據(jù)空格前的句子“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith“That'swhatIsay.”Ihadn'tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny，orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.(想象一下，每當(dāng)我插嘴說‘我就是這么說的’時(shí)，沃森小姐都能讓觀眾哄堂大笑，我有多驚訝。我不知道她——或者我——可以很有趣，也不知道她的這個(gè)角色在推進(jìn)劇情中很重要)”可知，作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。所以D項(xiàng)“MyMissWatsonturnedouttobeahit.(我的沃森小姐很受歡迎)”符合題意。答案：D4．解析：由空格前的句子“Eachperson，onstageandbackstage，isessentialintheater.Withouteveryonedoingtheirpart，theplaywouldbedullasdirt.(在戲劇中，臺(tái)上和后臺(tái)的每個(gè)人都是必不可少的。如果沒有每個(gè)人都各司其職，這出戲就會(huì)枯燥乏味)”可知，作者認(rèn)為在戲劇中，臺(tái)上和后臺(tái)的每個(gè)人都是必不可少的。而根據(jù)空格后的句子“Ifeveryoneisastarthennothinggetsdone.It'sallnoiseandchaos.(如果每個(gè)人都是明星，那么什么都做不了。到處都是噪音和混亂)”可知，作者把演戲和生活聯(lián)系在一起，生活中也不可能人人都是明星。所以，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是一個(gè)承上啟下的句子，A項(xiàng)“Soitisinlife.(在生活中也是如此)”符合題意。答案：A5．解析：由第四段的句子“ImaginemysurprisewhenMissWatsonmadetheaudiencelaughoutloudeachtimeIpipedinwith‘That'swhatIsay.’Ihadn'tknownthatshe—orI—couldbefunny，orthathercharacterwasimportantinmovingtheplotalong.(想象一下，每當(dāng)我插嘴說‘我就是這么說的’時(shí)，沃森小姐都能讓觀眾哄堂大笑，我有多驚訝。我不知道她——或者我——可以很有趣，也不知道她的這個(gè)角色在推進(jìn)劇情中很重要)”可知，作者扮演的沃森小姐很受歡迎、很成功。再由空格前的句子“AndsoIbelieveallchildrenshouldgettheopportunitytoplayMissWatson，tobecomesomeonetheydidn'tknowtheywantedtobe.(所以我認(rèn)為所有的孩子都應(yīng)該有機(jī)會(huì)扮演沃森小姐，成為一個(gè)他們不知道自己想成為的人)”可知，作者認(rèn)為所有的孩子都應(yīng)該有機(jī)會(huì)扮演沃森小姐，也就是說所有的孩子都有機(jī)會(huì)成功。所以G項(xiàng)“Iwouldhopeallchildrencouldbeahitinlife.(我希望所有的孩子都能在生活中成功)”符合題意。答案：G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普說明文。文章介紹了熱島效應(yīng)。1．解析：段末句，考查段落結(jié)論句。根據(jù)上文“Haveyounoticedhoweveningscooloffmoreinruralareasthantheydoincities？Urbanareasalsotendtogethotterduringthedaythananynearbyareaswithlotsofgreenery.(你有沒有注意到，農(nóng)村的夜晚比城市涼爽得多？城市地區(qū)在白天也往往比附近有很多綠色植物的地區(qū)更熱。)”可知，本文是一篇介紹熱島效應(yīng)的科普文。首段的行文邏輯為從現(xiàn)象到結(jié)論，從而引出熱島效應(yīng)這一地理名詞。所以，C項(xiàng)“Thisphenomenonisknownastheurbanheat-islandeffect.(這種現(xiàn)象被稱為城市熱島效應(yīng)。)”符合題意。答案：C2．解析：段中句，考查轉(zhuǎn)折性過渡句。F選項(xiàng)“Muchofthesoilincities，bycontrast，hasbeencoveredwithroadsandbuildings.(相比之下，城市的大部分土壤已經(jīng)被道路和建筑物覆蓋。)”中的“城市的土地被道路和建筑覆蓋”與前一句“evaporationofwaterfromsoilandtheleavesofplantshelpstocooltheair.(土壤和植物葉子中的水分蒸發(fā)有助于冷卻到空氣中)”形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。這兩句回應(yīng)第二段主題句“It'smainlycausedbythedifferenceinmaterialsthatcoverthegroundinurbanareasandthecountryside.(這主要是由于城市和農(nóng)村覆蓋地面的材料不同造成的。)”答案：F3．解析：段中句，考查結(jié)論性過渡句?？涨熬渥印癐ncontrast，whiteobjectsreflectallwavelengthsoflightenergy”(相反，白色物體反射所有波長的光能)和D選項(xiàng)“Soitwillnotbetransformedintoheatwhichmakestheairhot.(所以它不會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為使空氣變熱的熱量。)”形成因果關(guān)系。即，白色物品會(huì)反射所有波長的光，因此能量不會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)換成熱量，從而讓空氣變熱。答案：D4．解析：段首句，考查段落主題句。A選項(xiàng)“Citiesalsoproducemoreheatthansuburbanareas.(城市也比郊區(qū)產(chǎn)生更多的熱量。)”中的“producemoreheat(產(chǎn)生更多的熱量)”與空處下一句“Aspeopledrivecars，heatbuildings，andrunairconditioners，citiesaregeneratingwasteheatandpuringitintotheatmospheredirectly.(隨著人們開車、給建筑物供暖和使用空調(diào)，城市正在產(chǎn)生廢熱，并將其直接排放到大氣中。)”中的“generatewasteheat(產(chǎn)生廢熱)”形成對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。開車，供暖或是開空調(diào)都是產(chǎn)生熱量的行為。答案：A5．解析：段末句，考查遞進(jìn)邏輯關(guān)系。本段的討論內(nèi)容為解決熱島效應(yīng)的方法。G選項(xiàng)中的“thesechanges(這些變化)”對(duì)應(yīng)了選項(xiàng)前面一句的方法，即“coveringblackasphaltstreets，parkinglots，anddarkroofswithamorereflectivegraycoating.”(覆蓋黑色瀝青街道、停車場和深色屋頂?shù)姆垂庑愿鼜?qiáng)的灰色涂層)。同時(shí)，G選項(xiàng)“Thesechangescandecreaseairtemperaturesdramatically，especiallyinsummer.(這些變化會(huì)使氣溫急劇下降，尤其是在夏天。)”進(jìn)一步解釋了這些舉措所能帶來的好處，與前文形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。答案：G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何使自己的新年計(jì)劃付諸行動(dòng)。1．解析：分析語境尋線索：根據(jù)空后的“Losetenpounds？...NewYear'sresolutions”可知，此處在講新年計(jì)劃→對(duì)比選項(xiàng)定答案：由此可推知，空處應(yīng)填與計(jì)劃相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，E項(xiàng)“也許大多數(shù)人也在制定新年計(jì)劃”符合語境。答案：E2．解析：分析語境尋線索：空前的“IusuallytellmyselfIshouldwritemore”指的是作者通常告訴自己應(yīng)該多寫點(diǎn)；空后的“Then，Irealizeitwouldbebettertosetmyintentiontowriteandthetimetowrite”指的是作者意識(shí)到最好是把寫作的目的和時(shí)間定下來→對(duì)比選項(xiàng)定答案：再結(jié)合常識(shí)可推知，空處應(yīng)為過渡句，正是由于對(duì)空前結(jié)果的不滿，才做出了改變，故D項(xiàng)“但結(jié)果遠(yuǎn)非令人滿意”符合語境。答案：D3．解析：由空前內(nèi)容可知，Premack定律是一種行為策略，它指出高概率行為的存在會(huì)使低概率行為更有可能發(fā)生，即對(duì)Premack定律的解釋；空后的“So，nowthatI'vesetmyintention...droppingmykidsoffatschoolinthemorning”以自己為例，說明具體的做法。由此推知，空處應(yīng)是對(duì)Premack定律的進(jìn)一步說明，故選G。答案：G4．解析：根據(jù)語境可知，作者把送孩子上學(xué)和確定自己的寫作目的和時(shí)間聯(lián)系在一起，并以此為例進(jìn)一步闡釋Premack定律。作者已經(jīng)定好了寫作時(shí)間，為了使之成為一種習(xí)慣，作者先迫使自己在寫作之前完成簡單的行為——每天送孩子上學(xué)。隨著時(shí)間的推移，寫作的時(shí)間自然也就有了規(guī)律。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“隨著時(shí)間的推移，它也變成了例行公事”符合語境。答案：C5．解析：根據(jù)該空所處位置可知，該空應(yīng)是段落主題句。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此段講的是為了達(dá)到某一目標(biāo)，可以選擇多種途徑，B項(xiàng)“一個(gè)目的，多條路徑”符合語境。答案：B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們有效的筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過程中的一個(gè)積極部分，并講述了如何成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者。1．解析：上文“Effectivenote-takingisanactivepartofthelearningprocessthatrequiresyoutogetthemainideaandwritedownitskeywordsinyourownway.(有效的記筆記是學(xué)習(xí)過程中的一個(gè)積極部分，它要求你掌握主要思想，并用自己的方式寫下其中的關(guān)鍵詞。)”說明有效筆記的重要性，下文“Prepareforthelectureinadvance.(提前準(zhǔn)備講座。)”及“Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.(找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。)”及“Takedownkeypoints.(記下關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。)”說明如何成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者的方法，空格處承上啟下，告訴我們通過下面的提示，可以成為一名更好的課堂筆記記錄者。因此推斷G項(xiàng)“有了以下技巧，你就可以成為一個(gè)更好的課堂筆記記錄者。”符合語境。答案：G2．解析：上文“Teachershandoutoutlinesoftheirlecturesbeforetheybegin.(老師們?cè)谏险n前分發(fā)講稿提綱。)”及下文“Itcanhelpyoufocusonthedifficultiesyouhaveinunderstandingandyouwillbeabletoaskbetterquestionsinclass.(它可以幫助你專注于理解中遇到的困難，你將能夠在課堂上提出更好的問題。)”空格處承上啟下，C項(xiàng)的“them”與上文“l(fā)ectures”一致，講的是同一話題，說明老師發(fā)完演講稿后應(yīng)該瀏覽它們，這樣可以提前了解課堂內(nèi)容。因此推斷C項(xiàng)“瀏覽它們會(huì)使你的大腦變得活躍起來?！狈险Z境，下文解釋了這樣做的好處。答案：C3．解析：上邊小標(biāo)題“Findyourstyleoftakingnotes.(找到你的筆記風(fēng)格。)”及下文“Forexample，somevisuallearnerscoulddrawcertainshapestorepresentimportantconcepts.Somepeoplepreferwritingwords，andsomemayfinditmosthelpfultorecordalectureandlistentoitwhilestudying.(例如，一些視覺學(xué)習(xí)者可以繪制某些形狀來表示重要概念。有些人喜歡寫單詞，有些人可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候錄制一節(jié)課并聽它最有幫助。)”空格處位于段首句承接下文，說明不同的人可能有不同的記筆記方式，下文具體解釋了這種說法。答案：E4．解析：下文“Ratherthanwritingcompletesentencesorevencompletewords，createaformoffastandbriefwritingwithsomesignsorphrasestomakenote-takingeasier.Thiswillhelpyoutakeno