2023-2024學(xué)年譯林版（2019）必修三Unit 1 Nature in the balance Welcome to the unit Reading課時精練二（含答案）

Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theextinctionofsomewildlifeisduethebadclimate.2．Sadly，thestorminthisregiondidalotofdamagethecrops，causingagreatloss.3．MankindhasonlyoneEarth，anditishomeallcountries.4．Iwanttothankyouinpersonfortheimpactyouhavehadmylife.5．Itisalsohugelyimportantforparents(know)whichappstheirchildrenareusing.6．Todayitishisturn(collect)thechildrenfromschoolinthecommunity.7．Wewillholdameetingtodiscusstheplanlengthnextweek.8．Judginghisaccent，hecomesfromthesouthofourcountry.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(avarietyof，behometo，cutdown，feedon，beknownas)1．Theareanow1,600threatenedspecies，includinggrizzlybearsandjaguars.2．Asisknowntous，frogsusuallyinsectswhicheatleavesandfruit.3．Thelocalresidentsalotofhardwood，damagingmanybirds’homes.4．Whichonewouldyouliketobuy?Wehavemedalshereforyoutochoosefrom.5．China’sNationalHighway318，fromShanghaitoTibet，the“heavenlyroad”foritsamazingviews.Ⅲ.單句寫作1．2019年，被稱為“地球之肺”的亞馬孫熱帶雨林發(fā)生了特大火災(zāi)。(breakout)knownasthe“l(fā)ungsoftheearth”in2019.2．火災(zāi)對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了嚴(yán)重破壞。(dodamageto)3．碳排放可能導(dǎo)致全球變暖。(leadto)4．實際上，近年來由于人類的活動，該雨林一直在遭到破壞。(dueto)Infact，.5．如果不被控制，這片美麗的雨林將從地球上消失。(disappear)Ifitisnotcontrolled，.Ⅳ.閱讀理解(2023·江蘇泰州高一期中)AnewstudysaystheAmazonrainforestisnearingatippingpoint(臨界點)initsdeclinethatcouldseethebiologicallyrichanddiverseecosystemturnedintoasavannah(熱帶草原)．“TheAmazonislosingitsabilitytorecoverfromdisturbanceslikedroughtandextremeweather.Deforestationandclimatechangearelikelythemaindriversofthisdecline，”studyco-authorNiklasBoerssaidinastatement.Theresearcherssaythey’vefoundevidenceofthisdeclineacross75percentoftheAmazon.“It’sworthremindingourselvesthatifitgetstothattippingpointandwecommittolosingtheAmazonrainforest，wewillgetsignificantfeedbackonglobalclimatechange，”saidTimothyLenton，ascientistandco-authorofthestudy.Theresearchteamlookedatthreedecades’worthofsatellitedata，payingcloseattentiontotreesandotherplantsafterextremeevents.Theresearchersconcludedthattheforest，whichisessentialforoxygenproductionandcarbonsequestration(碳封存)，hasbeenlosingitsresilienceforthelasttwodecades.Theresearcherssaytheforestisnearingatippingpoint，butthearrivaldateisunclearasanumberoffactorscanpushitclosertoorfartherfromthatedge.It’sjusttoochallengingtoestimatewhenthechangemayoccur.Butthescientistswarnthatoncethetippingpointhasbeencrossed，thechangecouldhappenquickly.ThenewscomesaftertheAmazonrecordedrecordlevelsofdeforestationinBrazilinJanuary.AnimalagricultureiscausingdeforestationintheAmazon，asBrazilisnowtheworld’stopbeefexporter.LastNovember，theEUtookstepstobanbeeflinkedtodeforestation.“Whatweproposeisapioneeringinitiative，”VirginijusSinkevicius，theEUenvironmentcommissioner，said.“TheEUactionalonewillnotsolvetheproblem.WealsoneedmajormarketsliketheUStocleanuptheirsupplychain.”1．Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A．TheAmazonrainforestisindangerofchangingintograssland.B．TheAmazonrainforesthasreachedthepointofnoreturn.C．Scientistsareconvincedthatthechangecouldhappenquickly.D．Scientistsareunclearaboutwhatisresponsibleforthedecline.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resilience”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Theabilitytopredictthefuture.B．Theabilitytorisetochallenges.C．Theabilitytoremainunchanged.D．Theabilitytogobacktonormal.3．WhatdoestheEUenvironmentcommissionerexpect?A．Deforestationwillbecomeeasytodealwith.B．Theexportofbeefshouldbebanned.C．Morecountriesshouldjoinhands.D．TheEUshouldadoptstrictmeasures.4．Whatisthetextlikelytobe?A．Anadventurediary.B．Ascientificreport.C．Anofficialproposal.D．Abiologytextbook.Ⅴ.完形填空(2022·江蘇無錫高一期末)Withtheriseofsocialmediainrecentyears，youngpeoplearoundtheglobehaveeasyaccesstoshocking1abouthowwe’recurrently2tolookaftertheEarth.Websitesprovideaccessibleinformationabout3mattersthatquicklyhavemillionsofviews，andlinks(鏈接)tonewscientificinformationareeasily4.But，it’snotjustonlineresearchthatuncoversthe5，andit’snotadistantthreateither.6changeishappeningaroundus;ouroceansare30percentmoreacidic(酸性的)andoneandahalfacresofforestarecutdowneverysecond.Ofcourse，justbecause7peoplearenowreadilyarmedwithsuchinformationdoesn’tmeanall8willeagerlylistentothem.Many9youngactivistssimplyduetotheirage，andothersstillaren’twillingtoseetheenvironmental10weface，butthatdoesn’tmeana11can’tbemade.Infact，therearesome12tobeingayoungenvironmentalist.Astudyonparticipantsaged16－24intheUNclimatenegotiationsshowedthatadultsthoughtofyoungeractivistsasbeingmore13duetothelackoffinancialincentives(財務(wù)刺激)．Youngactivistsnotonlyaren’t14bybusyschedulesbeingforcedonthem，buttheyalsohaveasimple-heartedviewofwhat’sgoingonand，being15frompolitics，theyoftensaywhatadultsaren’twillingto.1.A.inspiration B．informationC．knowledge D．feeling2．A.failing B．continuingC．managing D．a(chǎn)ttempting3．A.financial B．politicalC．environmental D．technical4．A.shared B．a(chǎn)ddedC．included D．selected5．A.secret B．historyC．source D．truth6．A.Climate B．PopulationC．Economic D．Scientific7．A.senior B．eagerC．young D．local8．A.children B．a(chǎn)dultsC．scientists D．a(chǎn)ctivists9．A.eatawayat B．letgoofC．a(chǎn)ttachimportanceto D．thinklittleof10．A.benefits B．protectionC．challenges D．education11．A.difference B．decisionC．deal D．choice12．A.limits B．a(chǎn)dvantagesC．keys D．purposes13．A.friendly B．reliableC．regular D．independent14．A.supported B．treatedC．paid D．influenced15．A.safe B．tiredC．free D．a(chǎn)bsentⅥ.語法填空TheSaharaDesertistheworld’s1.(large)hotdesert，locatedinNorthAfrica.2.(it)areaisabout3.5millionsquaremiles.This3.(make)italmostaslarge4.theUnitedStatesofAmerica.TheSaharaDesertisfamousformanylargesanddunes(沙丘)，someof5.canreachmorethan600feethigh.TheSaharaDeserthasbeenlargelydryandwithlittleplantlifemorethan5,000years.Beforethistime，itwasfarwetter.Thisallowedmoreplants6.(live)acrossthedesert.ThereisevidencethatmanytypesofriveranimalshavelivedintheSaharaDesert.Thesehavebeenfound7.(main)insoutheastAlgeria.TheclimateoftheSaharaDeserthaschangedoverseveralthousandsofyears.Theareaissmallerthanitwasduringthelasticeage.ItwastheendofthelasticeagethatbroughtahighlevelofrainfalltotheSahara.Thiswasbetween80008.6000BCE.Sincethistime，thenorthernpartoftheSaharahasdriedout.ThoughthesouthernSaharastillreceivesrainduringrainyseason，itisstill9.(little)thanbefore.Moderntimeshaveseenafew10.(development)fortheSahara.Oneoftheseisthatmineshavebeenbuilttogetthemostfromthenaturalresources(資源)withinthearea.課時精練二Ⅰ.1.to2.to3.to4.on5.toknow6.tocollect7.at8．from/byⅡ.1.ishometo2.feedon3.cutdown4.avarietyof5．isknownasⅢ.1．AhugefirebrokeoutintheAmazonrainforest2．Thefiredidseriousdamagetotheecosystem.3．Carbonemissionsmayleadtoglobalwarming.4．therainforesthasbeenbeingdestroyedinrecentyearsduetohumanactivities5．thisbeautifulrainforestwilldisappearfromtheearthⅣ.語篇解讀本文為一篇說明文。新的研究表明，由于濫伐森林和氣候變化，亞馬孫雨林正逐漸退化。1．A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，從研究報告可以看出，亞馬孫雨林正面臨著變成草原的危險，故選A。]2．D[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段首句可知，專家是研究了三十年來森林在極端事件后的變化，結(jié)合畫線詞前的“hasbeenlosingits...”可知，森林在經(jīng)歷了極端事件后，已經(jīng)無法完全恢復(fù)到之前的狀態(tài)，故推測resilience與D項“回歸正常的能力”意思接近，故選D。]3．C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“WealsoneedmajormarketsliketheUStocleanuptheirsupplychain.”可知，歐盟環(huán)境專員希望更多的國家和歐盟一起努力來應(yīng)對這一問題，故選C。]4．B[文章體裁題。通讀全文尤其是第一段可知，新的研究表明，亞馬孫雨林正在接近其退化的臨界點，文章主要介紹了該研究的方法和結(jié)論，故可推知，文章屬于一篇科學(xué)報道，故選B。]Ⅴ.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。隨著社交媒體的發(fā)展，全球的年輕人能夠接觸到環(huán)境問題日益嚴(yán)重的驚人消息，并且能夠成為保護(hù)環(huán)境的主力軍。1．B[inspiration靈感；information信息；knowledge知識；feeling感覺。根據(jù)下文“Websitesprovideaccessibleinformationabout”可知，在社交媒體上，年輕人們能夠輕易獲取一些信息。故選B。]2．A[fail不合格；continue繼續(xù)；manage完成；attempt嘗試。根據(jù)下文“ouroceansare30percentmoreacidic(酸性的)andoneandahalfacresofforestarecutdowneverysecond”可知，此處指我們目前并沒有照顧好地球，保護(hù)好我們的環(huán)境。failtodosth“未能做某事”。故選A。]3．C[financial財務(wù)的；political政治的；environmental環(huán)境的；technical技術(shù)的。根據(jù)下文“ouroceansare30percentmoreacidic(酸性的)andoneandahalfacresofforestarecutdowneverysecond”可知，網(wǎng)站提供的是一些關(guān)于環(huán)境問題的信息。故選C。]4．A[share共享，分享；add添加；include包括；select選擇。根據(jù)空前“thatquicklyhavemillionsofviews”可知，這些信息擁有大量的關(guān)注者，而這些鏈接也很容易被分享。故選A。]5．D[secret秘密；history歷史；source來源；truth真相。根據(jù)上文“youngpeoplearoundtheglobehaveeasyaccesstoshocking________abouthowwe’recurrently________tolookaftertheEarth”可知，環(huán)境問題日益嚴(yán)重，這并不是只在網(wǎng)上才被揭露的事實，也不是遙遠(yuǎn)的威脅。故選D。]6．A[climate氣候；population人口；economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；scientific科學(xué)的。根據(jù)下文“ouroceansare30percentmoreacidic(酸性的)andoneandahalfacresofforestarecutdowneverysecond”可知，氣候的變化正在我們身邊發(fā)生。故選A。]7．C[senior高級的；eager急切的；young年輕的；local地方的。根據(jù)上文“youngpeoplearoundtheglobehaveeasyaccesstoshocking____________”可知，此處指年輕人已經(jīng)獲取了這些信息。故選C。]8．B[根據(jù)下文“adultsthoughtofyoungeractivistsas”可推知，此處表示成年人對年輕人的態(tài)度，雖然年輕人獲取了這些信息，但是一些成年人并不愿意去傾聽他們的想法。故選B。]9．D[eatawayat(長期地)煩擾；letgoof舍棄(感情、態(tài)度、控制權(quán))；attachimportanceto重視；thinklittleof不重視。根據(jù)下文“simplyduetotheirage，andothersstillaren’twillingtoseetheenvironmental__________weface”可知，因為年輕人歲數(shù)小，有些成年人就不重視他們。故選D。]10．C[benefit好處；protection保護(hù)；challenge挑戰(zhàn)；education教育。根據(jù)上文“ouroceansare30percentmoreacidic(酸性的)andoneandahalfacresofforestarecutdowneverysecond”可知，我們現(xiàn)在正面臨著一些環(huán)境上的挑戰(zhàn)，而有些成年人不愿意去面對。故選C。]11．A[根據(jù)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but可知，雖然一些成年人不重視年輕人的看法，但是這并不意味著他們不能產(chǎn)生影響。makeadifference“起作用，產(chǎn)生影響”。故選A。]12．B[limit限制；advantage優(yōu)勢；