寧夏銀川市金鳳區(qū)北京師范大學銀川學校2023-2024學年高一下學期3月月考英語試題

北師大銀川學校20232024學年第二學期高一年級月考一英語試題考生作答時,將答案答在答題卡上,在本試卷上答題無效。考試結束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上，認真核對條形碼上的姓名、準考證號，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡的指定位置上。2.選擇題答案使用2B鉛筆填涂，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后再選涂其它答案的標號；非選擇題答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(簽字)筆或碳素筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.考生必須按照題號在答題卡各題號相對應的答題區(qū)域內(黑色線框)答題，寫在草稿紙上、超出答題區(qū)域或非題號對應的答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。4.保持卡面清潔，不折疊、不破損。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman'shome. B.Inaclothingshop. C.Inashoeshop.【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】M:Wow!Beautifulhomeyouhavehere.W:Thanks.Letmetakeyourcoat.Andwouldyouleaveyourbaghere?M:Ohyeah.DoIneedtotakeoffmyshoes?2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.Haveawalk. B.Goswimming. C.Rideabike.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Let’sgoforawalk.W:That’sboring.Let’srideinthebackyard.M:It’ssohot.Whynotgoswimminginstead?W:Goodidea3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.$18. B.$20. C.$28.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howmuchistheticketfortomorrow’sshow?W:It’s$10peradultand$8perchild.M:Threeticketsplease.Twoticketsforadultandoneforchild.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanprefertogobycar?A.Itisfast. B.Itischeap. C.Itisconvenient.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HowwouldyougotoShanghai?M:Iprefertotakethetraintosavemoney.Whataboutyou?W:Bycar.Weneedn’tbothertocarryluggage.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】HowdoesJackfeelnow?A.Confident. B.Discouraged. C.Pleased.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Jackwasquiteconfidentafterthetest.ButhejustgotaC.M:Nowonderhewearsalongface.W:Ihopehecanbepleasedassoonaspossible.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Howdidthewomanloseweight?A.Shedidsomesports. B.Shehadahealthydiet. C.Sheskippedsomemeals.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Buyingsomecheapfood.B.Startingahealthyfoodclub.C.Bringingvegetablesfromhome.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Simon.Howaboutyoursummerholiday?M:Great.Ididalotofexercise,likejoggingandboxing.Youlookmuchslimmer.Howdidyouachievethat?W:Stayawayfromfastfood.Rememberthedayswhenweusedtohavefastfood?M:Ofcourse,anditcontainsmuchfatandsalt.W:SoIhadmorefruits,milkandvegetablesduringthewholeholiday.Ilost10pounds.M:Amazing.Ialsowanttoloseafewpounds.Wouldyouhelpme?W:Sure.Firstofall,youcanbringapples,carrotsandsoonfromhomeandlet’smakesomejuice.M:Muchcheaperthanbuyingfastfood.Whynotsetupahealthyfoodclub?W:Goodidea.M:I’msureourclassmateswilljoinus.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhatdidthemanthinkoftheirtriptoIceland?A.Great. B.Boring. C.Expensive.9.WhatproblemdidthemanprobablyhaveinIceland?A.Thelanguage. B.Theroute. C.Theacmodation.10.Whatisworthbuyingaccordingtotheman?A.Fashionablebags. B.Woolsweaters. C.Warmgloves.【答案】8.A9.A10.B【解析】【原文】W:Longtimenosee.Wherehaveyoubeen?M:MywifeandIhavejustfinishedourtripinIceland.W:Cool.Howaboutthetrip?M:Weskiedandvisitedvolcanoes.Thoughtired,wehadagoodtime.W:Howwastheweather?M:Itwasverycold.Soyou’dbettertakesomewarmclothesandwearglovesifyougothere.W:Whataboutthehotels?Didtheychargealot?M:Excellentbutnotexpensive.Andpeopleinthehotelswereveryhelpfulandfriendly.W:DolocalpeoplespeakEnglish?M:Mm,youknowfewcanspeakEnglish.SometimesIhadtousebodylanguagetomunicate.W:Interesting.Anddidyoubuymuchwhileyouwerethere?M:Bagstherearefashionablebutmuchmoreexpensivethanthoseinourstate.Butyoucangetsomewoolsweatersaspresents.W:Wow,I’mlookingforwardtoit.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】11.Howdidthemangettheinformationoftheapartment?A.OntheInternet. B.Fromafriend. C.Inanewspaper.12.Whydoesthewomanwanttorenttheapartment?A.Sheisgoingtomovetoanothercity.B.Sheisgoingtolivewithherparents.C.Sheisgoingtofurtherherstudyabroad.13.Whatdoesthewomanprobablymindthemandoing?A.Keepingpets. B.WatchingTV. C.Havingvisitors.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:IsthatMs.Smith?W:Yes.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hello,Ms.Smith.ThisisJohn.MyfriendLindatoldmethatyouhaveatwobedroomapartmenttorent.Isthatright?W:Yes.MyparentshavemovedtoanothercityandIamgoingtostudyabroadfortwoyears.M:Doyouhaveanyfurniture?W:Ofcourse.Itisequippedwithallthebasicfurniture,suchasaTVsetandafridge.M:That’sOK.DoesithaveInternetaccess?W:Definitely.M:Great.Howmuchistherent?W:300dollarsamonth.M:OK.Bytheway,whatelseshouldIpayattentionto?W:Ifyouhavevisitors,avoidmakingtoomuchnoise.M:Howaboutkeepingdogs?W:Well,youknowtheywouldmakeamess.M:Isee.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whereistheartexhibitionheld?A.AttheExhibitionCentre.B.AtthePopularArtGallery.C.AttheCityShoppingCentre.15.Whatisthewomanmostinterestedin?A.Modernpaintings. B.Shortmovies. C.Sculptures.16.Whichsectionisthemostpopular?A.Thevideosection.B.Thepaintingsection.C.Thephotographysection.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Fanandartist. B.Shopperandassistant. C.Friends.【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.C【解析】【分析】【詳解】M:Doyouknowthereisanartexhibitioninourcity?W:No.IguessitmustbeattheExhibitionCentre.M:Ithoughtitwasthereatfirst,oratthePopularArtGallery.ButitistakingplaceinsidetheCityShoppingCentre.W:Areyoukidding?Icouldn'tbelieveit.M:Yes.Ifinditkindofcool.W:Whatisbeingdisplayed?Iamacrazyfanofmodernpaintings.M:Thereisapaintingsectionshowingtheworksofcontemporaryartists.W:Fantastic!Whataboutothersections?M:Thereisalsoaphotographysection,asculpturesectionandavideosection.W:Avideosection?M:Yeah,shortmoviesaboutfamousartists.It'sactuallythesecondmostpopularsectionafterthephotographysection.W:Isee.Wouldyouliketoseetheexhibitionwithme?M:Withpleasure.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】18.WheredoIndonesiansputtheirgarbage?A.Inthefrontoftheirhouses.B.Inthepublicgarbagecans.C.Intheofficialgarbagebags.19.WhatcoloredcansdoGermansputmetals?A.Yellow. B.Blue. C.Gray.20.WhatdoweknowaboutthegarbagebagsinKorea?A.Theirpricedependsonthetypeofwaste.B.Theyareprovidedbythegovernmentforfree.C.Differentdistrictshavedifferentofficialgarbagebags.【答案】18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】W:Differentcountrieshavedifferentwastemanagementsystems.Onethingforsure:it’snevertoohardtothrowyourgarbageinIndonesia.WhatIndonesiansmonlydoisputtheirgarbageintheirpersonalgarbageareawhichareusuallylocatedinthefrontoftheirhouses,rightatthesideofthestreet.InGermany,differentkindsofgarbageareputindifferentcoloredcans.Forexample,bluegarbagecansareforpaperandcardboard,andpizzaboxesgotograygarbagecans.Greenandwhitegarbagecansareforglass.Yellowgarbagecansareforplasticandmetals.InKorea,youareexpectedtosortyourwasteandputitintotherightbags.EachdistrictinKoreahasitsownofficialgarbagebags.Thegarbagebagscouldbeboughtatthelocalsupermarket.Properwastemanagementisn’tahardthingtodo,butitneedstobesupportedbyyourfamilymembersandyoursurroundingsinordertogainbenefitsfromit.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AChineseNewYear,alsocalledtheSpringFestival,isatraditionalfestivalcelebratedbyallChinesepeople.Noteveryonecelebratesthefestivalinthesameway,withthebiggestdifferencesbetweennorthernandsouthernChina.FestivalFoodsInthenortherncitiesofChina,peoplegenerallyeatdumplings.Theyarecalled

jiaozi

inChinese,whichmeanstheturnofalunarnewyear.Additionally,becausetheyareshapedsimilarlytoatypeofancientmoney,

jiaozi

arealsoregardedasasymbolofwealth.Asparedtothenorth,peoplefromsomesouthernareastraditionallyeatricecakes(niangao

inChinese),whicharemadeofsticky(黏的)riceflour.

Niangao

canbeinterpretedasthatpeoplemoveuptoahigherpositionyearafteryear.FestivalDecorationsItisamontraditiontoputupSpringFestivalcouplets(對聯(lián))and“Fu”characters,butsomedecorationsdifferabitbetweennorthernandsouthernChina.Inthenorth,thered“Chineseknot(結)”isalsohung,representinghappiness.However,inthesouthernareas,peopleliketousekumquats,afruitlikeaverysmallorange,fordecorations.Duetotheiryellowcolour,theyareusuallyasignofwealthandharvest.RedEnvelopeInnorthernChina,peopleusuallygiveredenvelopestothechildrenoftheirrelativesorclosefriendsonly.However,peopleinsouthernChinanotonlygiveredenvelopestothechildrenoftheirrelativesandfriends,butalsototheircolleaguesandacquaintances.InsomesouthernareaslikeGuangdongProvince,apanymanagerorashopownermayalsogiveredenvelopstostaffsonthefirstworkingdayoftheNewYear,wishingforafortuneandgivingthemastrongsenseofteamspirit.21.Whyaredumplingsseenasasymbolofwealth?A.Theylooklikeatypeofancientmoney.B.Theyhavethemeaningofgettingtoahigherposition.C.Onlyrichfamiliescouldaffordtheminancienttimes.D.Thenamefor“dumplings”meantmoneyinthepast.22.WhichcelebrationmightNOTbepractisedinsouthernChina?A.Makingandeatingricecakes. B.HangingredChineseknotsintheroom.C.Givingredenvelopstocolleagues’children. D.Placingkumquatsintheroom.23.Whydopanymanagersinsouthernareagiveredenvelopstotheirstaffs?A.Theywanttoawardtheirstafffortheirgoodperformance.B.Theywishtoencouragetheirstaffstoworkharder.C.Theywishthattheyallwillmakealotofmoney.D.Theywanttoshowtheirpaniesareveryrich.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國北方和南方慶祝中國新年的不同?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Additionally,becausetheyareshapedsimilarlytoatypeofancientmoney,

jiaozi

arealsoregardedasasymbolofwealth.(此外，因為它們的形狀類似于古代的一種錢，餃子也被視為財富的象征。)”可知，餃子被視為財富的象征是因為它們看起來像一種古代貨幣。故選A?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的“Inthenorth,thered“Chineseknot”isalsohung,representinghappiness.However,inthesouthernareas,peopleliketousekumquats,afruitlikeaverysmallorange,fordecorations.(在北方，紅色的“中國結”也被掛起來，代表幸福。然而，在南方地區(qū)，人們喜歡用金橘，一種像非常小的橘子的水果，作為裝飾。)

”可知，在中國南方，房間里是不掛著紅色的中國結的。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“InsomesouthernareaslikeGuangdongProvince,apanymanagerorashopownermayalsogiveredenvelopstostaffsonthefirstworkingdayoftheNewYear,wishingforafortuneandgivingthemastrongsenseofteamspirit.(在一些南方地區(qū)，如廣東省，公司經(jīng)理或店主也會在新年的第一個工作日給員工發(fā)紅包，希望他們發(fā)財，并給他們強烈的團隊精神。)”可知，南方地區(qū)的公司經(jīng)理會給員工發(fā)紅包是因為經(jīng)理希望他們都能賺很多錢。故選C。B“Oldwives’tales”arebeliefspasseddownfromonegenerationtoanother.Forexample,mostofusrememberourparents’tellingustoeatmoreofcertainfoodsornottodocertainthings.Isthereanytruthintheseteachings?Someofthemagreewithpresentmedicalthinking,butothershavenotpassedthetestoftime.Didyourmotherevertellyoutoeatyourcarrotsbecausetheyaregoodforyoureyes?Scientistsnowreportthateatingcarrotscanhelppreventaseriouseyediseasecalledmaculardegeneration.Eatingjustonecarrotadaycanreducethepossibilityofgettingthisdiseaseby40%.Garlicisgoodforyou,too.Itcankillthetypeofvirusthatcausescolds.Unfortunately,notallofMom’sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrains(谷物)tendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’thold_water,_thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives’tales.Afterall,muchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(積累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.Weshouldrespectthisbodyofknowledgeevenaswesearchforclearscientificsupporttoproveittrueorfalse.24.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Stickysweetsaredamagingtoourteeth.B.Eatinggarlicisgoodforoureyes.C.Swimmingafteramealisdangerous.D.Carrotspreventpeoplefromcatchingcolds.25.Theauthordevelopsthethirdparagraphmainly________.A.bycauseandeffectB.byorderinspaceC.byexamplesD.byorderintime26.Thephrase“holdwater”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans“________”.A.tobevaluableB.tobebelievableC.tobeadmirableD.tobesuitable27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“oldwives’tales”inthetext?A.Subjective(主觀的).B.Objective(客觀的).C.Dissatisfied.D.Curious.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。即使科學能告訴我們那些“老人言”是值得相信的，但“老人言”中還有很多不一定就是真的。但是人們要尊重這些世代傳下來的經(jīng)驗?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stickysweetsmadewithgrains(谷物)tendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.可知粘性的甜食對我們的牙齒有害，故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段.Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrains(谷物)tendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.可知，例如，一代又一代的孩子都被告知飯后一小時內不要去游泳。但研究表明，這樣做沒有危險。甜食會導致牙齒問題嗎?是也不是。用谷物制成的粘糖比用單糖制成的糖容易引起更多的問題。由此判斷這個自然段主要是舉例子來展開短文的。故選C?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives’tales..在老人言中仍然有很多真理。所以判斷出前面想要表達盡管科學告訴我們有些傳統(tǒng)的觀念站不住腳，由此判斷出劃線詞的意思是“可信的”。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通過我們閱讀全文，根據(jù)最后一段Eventhoughsciencecantellusthatsomeofourtraditionalbeliefsdon’thold_water,_thereisstillalotoftruthintheoldwives’tales.Afterall,muchofthisknowledgehasbeenaccumulated(積累)fromthousandsofyearsofexperienceinfamilyhealthcare.可知盡管科學可以告訴我們，我們的一些傳統(tǒng)信仰是站不住腳的，但在老人言的故事中仍然有很多真理。，畢竟，這些知識大部分是從幾千年的家庭保健經(jīng)驗中積累起來的。由此判斷出，作者對“老人言”的故事是客觀的。故選B。CEspionage(間諜活動)!Secrets!Suspense(懸念)!Ifyou’veeverdreamedofbeingaspy,MaxintheHouseofSpieswrittenbyAdamGidwitzisforyou.NewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorof

Wonder,WhiteBird,

and

Ponystronglyremendedthisbookforteenagers,sayingMaxintheHouseofSpies

iseverythingyoucouldhopeforinabook.EspionageandcourageareattheheartofthishistoricalnovelaboutMax,an11yearoldboysenttoLondonasGermanybecameevermoredangerousforitsJewishcitizens.Maxhaslotsofquestions,nottheleastofwhicharewhytheNazishatehimsomuch,andwhyteachersandotheradultsaresayingterrible,hurtful,thingsaboutJewishpeopleasiftheyarefacts.HumoresintheformoftwolittlespritesfromGermanandJewishfolklore(民間傳說),whoareforeverweighingin—andarguing—aboutMax’sdecisionsanddesiretoreturntoGermanytosavehisfolks.Fantasticcharactersandimportanttopicsforconversationmakethisatopread.MaxBretzfelddoesn’twanttomovetoLondon.LeavinghomeishardandMaxisaloneforthefirsttimeinhislife.Butnotforlong.Maxissurprisedtodiscoverthathe’sbeenjoinedbytwounexpectedtravelingpanions,oneoneachshoulder,akobold(精靈)andadybbuk(惡靈)namedBergandStein.GermanyisbeingmoreandmoredangerousforJewishfamilies,butMaxisdeterminedtofindawaybackhome,andbacktohisparents.HehasaplantoreturntoBerlin.Itmerelyinvolvesacplishingtheimpossible:beingaBritishspy.MaxintheHouseofSpies

isathoughtprovokingWorldWarIIstoryasonlyacclaimedstorytellerAdamGidwitzcantellit—fastpacedandhilarious,withadashofmagicandalotofheart.28.WhoistheauthorofMaxintheHouseofSpies?A.Wonder B.AdamGidwitz C.WhiteBird D.Pony29.WhatkindofstoryisMaxintheHouseofSpies

?A.Highfantasynovel B.Folklore C.historicalnovel D.politicalnovel30.WhatdoweknowaboutMaxBretzfeld?A.Maxisan11yearoldboyborninLondon.B.MaxissenttoLondonforfurtherstudy.C.MaxisquiteinterestedinJewishfolklore.D.MaxwantstosavehisfolksinGermany.31.Whichpartofamagazineisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.HealthCare B.SportsEvent C.CulturalInsights D.BookReview【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一本名為《間諜之家的麥克斯》的書。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“MaxintheHouseofSpieswrittenbyAdamGidwitzisforyou.(亞當·吉德維茨寫的《間諜之家的麥克斯》就是為你準備的。)”可知，MaxintheHouseofSpies的作者是AdamGidwitz。故選B?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“EspionageandcourageareattheheartofthishistoricalnovelaboutMax(間諜和勇氣是這部關于麥克斯的歷史小說的核心。)

”可知，MaxintheHouseofSpies是一部有關于歷史的小說。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Max’sdecisionsanddesiretoreturntoGermanytosavehisfolks(麥克斯想回到德國拯救他的家人的決定和愿望。)”可知，MaxBretzfeld想救他在德國的家人。故選D。31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Ifyou’veeverdreamedofbeingaspy,MaxintheHouseofSpieswrittenbyAdamGidwitzisforyou.NewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorof

Wonder,WhiteBird,

and

Ponystronglyremendedthisbookforteenagers,sayingMaxintheHouseofSpies

iseverythingyoucouldhopeforinabook.(如果你曾經(jīng)夢想成為一名間諜，亞當·吉德維茨寫的《間諜之家的麥克斯》就是為你準備的?！扼@奇》、《白鳥》、《小馬》等《紐約時報》暢銷書作者表示：“《間諜之家的麥克斯》的書中有你所期待的一切”，并強烈推薦給青少年們。)”可知，這篇文章可能來自雜志的書評部分。故選D。DMiceweregivenamemorytestinalabattheUniversityofNewSouthWales,inAustralia.ScientistMargaretMorrissetthemintheirusualbox,butsherearrangedtheobjectsinthebox.Somemicesmelledthemcuriously,butothersjustmovedon.Theydidn’tremembertheobjectswereonceinadifferentplace.Themicewithsharpermemorywerefedwitharegulardietoflowfat,healthyfood.However,themicethatatelotsofjunkfoodfortwoweeks—suchascake,meatpies,chips,andcookies—wereforgetful.Foodcanhavethesameeffectonpeople,too.“Ifyou’reeatingjunkfoodregularly,andnoteatingenoughfruitandvegetables,”Morrissaid,“thechangesinsideyourbodymaybeaffectingbrainfunction.”Changesinsidethebodycanaffectaperson’soverallhealth,too.Scientistshavelongknownthatthebrainmunicateswiththestomachtocontroldigestion.Recently,theyhavefoundthatthestomachtalksback.Itmayeventellthebrainwhattodo.Foodswithtoomuchsaltandsugaraffectthemicrobiome(腸道菌群)inyourbodybykillingtherightbacteria(細菌)init.Thesebacteriaprotectyoufromillnessandkeepyourmindsharp.Lackingthemcanleadtobeingoverweightanddepression.RobertKnightisascientistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.Hesuggestseatingyogurt,becauseitispackedwithhealthybacteria.DoesthatmeannoFrenchfries?“Havingthemsometimesisokay,”Knightsays.“It’sthelongtermhabitsthatreallymatter.Beinggoodtoyourmicrobiomeoverthenextsixmonthsisalotmoreimportantthanwhatyouateyesterday,orwhatyoueattomorrow.”32.Inthememorytest,somemicemovedonbecause________.A.theyareforgetful B.theyeatalotoffoodC.theyarenotcurious D.theyeatlowfatfood33.Fatnessanddepressioncanbecausedby________.A.microbiome B.bacteriaC.toomuchsaltandsugar D.yogurt34.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutRobertKnight’sadvice?A.PeoplemustnoteatFrenchfriestoprotecttheirmircobiomes.B.Eatingyogurtforsixmonthisgoodforbodyhealth.C.It’snecessarytomaintainlongtermhealthyeatinghabits.D.Whatyoueattomorrowisthemostimportantthing.35.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A.Theeffectsoffoodonmemory B.TheeffectsoffoodonmiceC.Theeffectsofmicrobiomeonhealth D.Theeffectsoffoodonhealth【答案】32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究表明人所吃的食物會影響人的大腦功能和整體健康?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Somemicesmelledthemcuriously,butothersjustmovedon.Theydidn’tremembertheobjectswereonceinadifferentplace.(一些老鼠好奇地聞著它們，但其他老鼠只是繼續(xù)前進。他們不記得這些東西曾經(jīng)在不同的地方。)”可知，這些老鼠不記得這些東西，所以這些老鼠繼續(xù)前行是因為這些老鼠健忘。故選A。【33題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Foodswithtoomuchsaltandsugaraffectthemicrobiome(腸道菌群)inyourbodybykillingtherightbacteria(細菌)init.Thesebacteriaprotectyoufromillnessandkeepyourmindsharp.Lackingthemcanleadtobeingoverweightanddepression.(飲食中太多的鹽和糖會通過殺死身體里的細菌而影響腸道菌。這些細菌能保護你不生病，讓你思維敏捷。缺乏它們會導致超重和抑郁)”可推斷，如果攝入太多的糖和鹽會導致肥胖和抑郁。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“It’sthelongtermhabitsthatreallymatter.Beinggoodtoyourmicrobiomeoverthenextsixmonthsisalotmoreimportantthanwhatyouateyesterday,orwhatyoueattomorrow.(真正重要的是長期習慣。在接下來的六個月里，對你的微生物群有益比你昨天吃什么或明天吃什么重要得多)”可知，維持一個長期的健康飲食習慣比什么都重要。故選C。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內容，結合第三段中“Foodcanhavethesameeffectonpeople,too.(食物對人也有同樣的影響)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究表明人所吃的食物會影響人的大腦功能和整體健康。D項“食物對健康的影響”能夠概括文章大意，故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.____36____Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.____37____Yourmetabolism(新陳代謝)getsaheadstart.____38____Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.____39____Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.____40____Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor410hoursafterexercise.F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G.Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!【答案】36.G37.E38.F39.B40.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。列舉了早晨鍛煉對人體的四條好處，號召人們早點起床，進行身體鍛煉?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前的內容“生活忙碌沒有時間鍛煉”和空后的內容“晨練除了身體健康之外，還能帶來其他好處”，下文接著列舉了晨練的其他好處。由此可知，此處缺一個承上啟下句。G項中thenlistenup!（那么請仔細聽!）很好的起到了承上啟下的作用。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上一句Exercisingmakesyoumoreawake（鍛煉能讓你更清醒），E項（你可以在運動后保持頭腦清醒410個小時。）是對上一句的進一步解釋。故選E?！?8題詳解】空前句子是本段的主題句，晨練是新陳代謝的開始，空后句子說如果晨練，則你會得到卡路里一整天都在燃燒的益處，F(xiàn)項（鍛煉之后，你一整天都在燃燒卡路里。）是空后句子的根據(jù)，空后句子是對F項的進一步延伸。故選F?！?9題詳解】此處缺一個主題句?？蘸缶渥咏忉屃嗽缙疱憻挼娜吮韧砩襄憻挼娜怂酶谩項（你的睡眠質量提高了。）是對后面內容的總述。故選B。【40題詳解】根據(jù)空后句子“Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.（如果你在早晨鍛煉身體，你將更有可能堅持健康的食物選擇。）”，A項(你將堅持你的飲食。)符合本段內容，是主題句，起到統(tǒng)領下文的作用。故選A?！军c睛】七選五題型，要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結構和內容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關系，所以懂得整篇文章的基本結構或段落的語篇結構對解題很有用。本篇文章采用總分總的結構，第一段和最后一段是總述，中間是分述，中間每段都是主題句加分述句構成。第三部分語言知識運用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Elizabethlivedwithhersixchildreninasmallhouse.Onewintertherewasabig___41___,andquiteafewhouseswerewashedaway,butElizabeth’shousewashighenoughto___42___it.Elizabeth___43___oneofthefamilieswhichhadlosteverything.Shesharedherhome___44___thefamilycouldbuilda___45___house.Elizabeth’sfriendscouldnotunderstandhersinceshealreadyhadsomanychildrento___46___.“Well,”Elizabeth___47___toherfriends,“AttheendofWorldWarII,therewasapoor___48___inatowninFrance.Herhusbandhadbeen___49___inthewarandshehadalotofchildren,justlikemenow.Thedaybefore___50___,thiswomansaidtoherchildren,‘Wewon’tbe___51___tohavemuchforChristmas.I’mgoingtogetjustone___52___forusall.NowI’llgoandgetit.’Shecamebackwithalittle___53___whohadnoparents.‘Here’sourpresent.’Shesaidtoherownchildren.Thechildrenweremorethan___54___togetsuchapresent.Theyweledthelittlegirl___55___andshegrewupastheirsister.IwasthatChristmaspresent.”41.A.drought B.flood C.dessert D.snowstorm42.A.fall B.rise C.escape D.enter43.A.helped B.refused C.honored D.indicated44.A.though B.after C.since D.until45.A.strong B.new C.regular D.fancy46.A.devoteto B.attendto C.bringto D.relateto47.A.shouted B.cried C.explained D.plained48.A.boy B.girl C.man D.woman49.A.killed B.praised C.awarded D.attacked50.A.NewYear B.Thanksgiving C.Christmas D.NationalDay51.A.willing B.satisfied C.addicted D.able52.A.present B.lantern C.token D.riddle53.A.bird B.girl C.relative D.guy54.A.astonished B.frightened C.excited D.surprised55.A.horribly B.slightly C.officially D.warmly【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.D45.B46.B47.C48.D49.A50.C51.D52.A53.B54.C55.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了Elizabeth的家沒有被洪水沖走，她在自家條件并不充裕的情況下努力幫助別人，這個善舉源自她小時候得到的幫助，她在努力做出回饋的感人故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一年冬天，發(fā)生了一場大洪水，不少房子被沖走了，但伊麗莎白的房子足夠高，躲過了洪水。A.drought干旱；B.flood洪水；C.dessert甜點；D.snowstorm暴風雪。根據(jù)本句中的“quiteafewhouseswerewashedaway”可知，發(fā)生了一場大洪水。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一年冬天，發(fā)生了一場大洪水，不少房子被沖走了，但伊麗莎白的房子足夠高，躲過了洪水。A.fall下降；B.rise上升；C.escape擺脫；D.enter進入。根據(jù)本句中的“quiteafewhouseswerewashedaway,butElizabeth’shousewashighenough”可知，大洪水沖走了不少房子，而伊麗莎白的房子足夠高，因此擺脫了被洪水沖走的命運。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：伊麗莎白幫助了其中一個失去一切的家庭。A.helped幫助；B.refused拒絕；C.honored表彰；D.indicated表明。根據(jù)下文的“Shesharedherhome”可知，伊麗莎白幫助了一個在洪水中失去一切的家庭。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：她分享了她的房子，直到這個家庭蓋好新房子。A.though雖然；B.after在……之后；C.since自從；D.until直到。根據(jù)上文的“Elizabeth...oneofthefamilieswhichhadlosteverything.”可知，伊麗莎白幫助了一個在洪水中失去一切的家庭，她需要分享自己的住房直到那個家庭重建自己的住房。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.strong強壯的；B.new新的；C.regular定期的；D.fancy花哨的。根據(jù)上文的“Elizabeth...oneofthefamilieswhichhadlosteverything.”可知，伊麗莎白幫助了一個在洪水中失去一切的家庭，這個家庭需要重建新的住房。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：伊麗莎白的朋友們不能理解她，因為她已經(jīng)有那么多