2021-2022學(xué)年重慶實驗中學(xué)高一（下）第一次月考英語試卷（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年重慶實驗中學(xué)高一（下）第一次月考英語

試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

*Afterthefire,whatnow?

BishopPatrickChauvet,NotreDame's（巴黎圣母院）manager,admittedthatthefamous

buildingwouldclosefor"fivetosixyears"ashespokewithlocalbusinessowners

Wednesday.Headdedthatitwasunclearwhatthechurch's67employeeswouldbedoinginthe

future.FrenchPresidentEmmanuelMacronsaidTuesdaythathewantedthechurchrebuiltin

fiveyears.

*Whatarethenewrules?

Whiletouristscantgoinsidethesiteitself,theareastillmayprovepopulartothosepayingtheir

respects.Visitorsarewelcometowritemessagesofsupportinboththemainandlocalcityhalls.

Theislandthathousesthechurchhasbeenclosedandthepeopletherehavebeensincethe

fire.ParisbusinessmenwhodependonNotreDametourismareworriedaboutthechurch's

futureaswellastheirown.

*

It'sknownthatspringisabusytimefortouristsinParis.Thetravelcompanyrecommends

peoplevisitotherplaces,liketheBasiliqueSaint-Denis,theSacre-Coeurandsoon.Thosewho

tendtoobservechurchservicesduringHolyWeekareadvisedtogotoSaint-Eustache.

*Lookingaheadtorebuilding

Itseemsrebuildingcanbegin,sincefirefightersputoutthefireearlyTuesday,morethan12

hoursafternearly400firefightershadbattledtheflamesthatchangedthecity'sskyline.Two

policemenandonefirefighterwerebadlyinjured,accordingtotheParisFireService.

Alargecampaigntoraisemoneyalreadyisunderwaytorebuildthechurch.Upto

Wednesday,donationscameto$1billion.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"evacuated"mean?

A.movedB.examinedC.recognisedD.pretended

2.Whichofthefollowingsubtitlescanfillintheblank?

A.Saint-Eustacheisfavoredbytourists.

B.Tourcompaniesofferotherchoices.

C.ChurchculturedevelopsfastinParis.

D.ThebesttimetovisitParisisspring.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappenafterthefire?

A.Thegovernmentwillarrangeworkfor67employees.

B.Visitorswillbeforbiddentoleavemessagesanywhere.

C.ChurchesinPariswillalsobeexaminedandrepaired.

D.Moremoneywillbedonatedfortherebuildingproject.

B

AmericangymnastSimoneBilesfliesthroughtheairasthoughshewasmadeforit.Shehas

wonmoreWorldChampionshipgoldmedalsthananyotherfemalegymnastinhistory.Sheis

alsothefirstwomengymnasttowinthreeWorldall-aroundtitlesinarow.Acomplicatedflip

（翻轉(zhuǎn)動作）sheintroducedinthe2013WorldChampionshipsisoneoffourskillsthatare

namedafterher,andsomeconsiderherthegreatestofalltime.

Athletesareunderpressure,andasmallmistakecanresultinseriousinjury.AttheSummer

OlympicGamesinTokyo,Bilesexperiencedsomethinggymnastcall"thetwisties,'1whichis

whenagymnasthasnoideawherehisorherbodyisintheair.Insteadofputtingherselfandher

teamatrisk,Bilesgaveupthecompetition.However,sheworkedoutinaprivategymandwas

abletocompeteinthelast-scheduledindividualevent：thebalancebeam,winningthebronze

medal.

Whenshewasyoung,BileswasraisedbyhergrandfatherRon,andwasintroducedto

gymnasticsattheageof6onaschoolfieldtriptoagym.Shesawsomegymnasts

practicing,begancopyingtheirmovesandinsistedthatherparentssendherforgymnastics

lessons.Acoachatthegymalsorecognizedhertalentandsentaletterhomeaskingherparents

tosendherforlessons.

Throughouthercareer,Bileshaskeptherpassionforthesport,whichcanbeseenclearlyinthe

hugesmilesheoftenwearswhilecompeting.Butshealsowantspeopletoknowtheimportance

ofputtingmentalhealthfirstandnotignoringhowstresscaninfluencethem.

InBiles*2016memoir（回憶錄）,titledCouragetoSoar,thebooktellsinherwords"howmy

faithandmyfamilymademywildestdreamscometrue.Andhowembracingadreamcangive

第2頁，共23頁

youcouragetosoar.'1Biles*abilitytoperformatthehighestlevelhasinspirednewgenerations

ofathletes,butherwillingnesstobehonestaboutherstrugglesinspireseveryone.

4.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellusaboutBiles?

A.Herhighspirit.B.Herwidefame.

C.Hergreatachievements.D.Herwonderfulskills.

5.WhathappenedtoBilesattheTokyoSummerOlympicGames?

A.Shewasseriouslyinjured.B.Shehadahardtime.

C.Shegotagoldmedal.D.Sheputherteamatrisk.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutBilesfromthetext?

A.Shehasgotthemostgoldmedalsinhistory.

B.Fourskillswerenamedafterherin2013.

C.Sheshowedhertalentforgymnasticsatanearlyage.

D.Hergrandfatherinsistedthatshetakegymnasticslessons.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBiles?

A.Strong-willedandtalented.B.Confidentandwarm-hearted.

C.Determinedandgenerous.D.Hard-workingandcurious.

c

Inrecentyears,researchersofCornellUniversity'sFoodandBrandLabarestudyinghow

environmentalfactorsinfluencemanyAmericanstounnoticeablyeattoomuch.Manypeople

wronglybelievethatfactorslikehungerorboredomanddepressionarethemaincausesof

overeating,buttheirresearchhasshownotherwise.ltisthoughtthatweovereatifthefoodis

goodorifwe'rereallyhungry.Inreality,thosearetwoofthelastthingsthatdeterminehow

muchweeat.

Inoneexperiment,theresearcherplacedjarsofcandiesinworkers'officesforamonth.Then,he

movedthecandies1.8maway.Theofficeworkersatefivemorecandieseachdaywhenthejar

wasclosertothem,equalinganadditional125caloriesaday.Itdoesnotsoundtoobad,butadd

thatupoverayearandyouwillhavegained5.4kg."Ifsomethingisvisible,everytimewesee

it,wehavetomakeadecision：toeatitornot?ntheresearcherexplained.

Intheotherexperiment,moviegoersweregivenfive-day-oldpopcorn,someinmedium-size

buckets,someinlargebuckets.Theresearcherfoundthatmoviegoerswhohadthelarger

bucketsate53percentmore,despiteitsunpleasanttaste.Hebelievesthatthedistractionofthe

movieandhearingotherseatthepopcornpersuadepeopletokeepeating.

Thefindingsinotherresearcheshaveshownthatwetendtoeatmorewhenweuselarger

dishes,eatinfrontofthetelevision,ordinewithsomeonewhoeatsalot.Researchersofthelab

adviseagradualapproachinchangingeatinghabits.Peoplecancutacoupleofhundredcalories

adaybydoingthingssuchasavoidingopenfooddishesattheoffice,usingsmallerserving

bowls,sittingnexttotheslowesteaterandbeingthelastonetostarteating.

8.Whatisthetruthshownbythestudy?

A.Wecatmorewhenthefoodisgood.

B.Peopletendtoeatalotwhentheydineout.

C.Feelingdepressedleadsustoovereat.

D.Hungerisnotthekeyfactorinovereating.

9.Whatcanwelearnfromthetwoexperiments?

A.Peopleturntomorecandiesformoreenergy.

B.Officeworkerseatmorecandiesduetovisibility.

C.Moviegoerseatmorepopcornbecauseitistasty.

D.Peoplekeepeatingpopcomtoenjoythemovie.

10.Whatissuggestedinchangingeatinghabits?

A.Diningwithslimpersons.B.Eatingwhilewatchingfilms

C.Usingsmallerdishes.D.Startingeatingearlier.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Todisplayaresearchprocess.

B.Toinstructhowtodoresearchexperiments.

C.Towarnagainstovereating.

D.Toadvisebeingamindfuleater.

D

OnafarminEngland,GavinandAliceMunroaretakingsustainabilitytothenextlevel：they

harvesttreeswhichtheygrowintochairs.

Thecouplehaveafurniture（家具）farminDerbyshirewheretheyaregrowing250chairs,100

lampsand550tables.ltistheiranswertowhattheyseeastheinefficient（無效率的）process

ofcuttingdownmaturetreestocreatefurniture.

"Insteadofforce-growingatreefor50yearsandthencuttingitdownandmakingitinto

smallerandsmallerbits***theideaistogrowthetreeintotheshapethatyouwantdirectly.It's

likeakindof3Dprinting,"saidGavin.

第4頁，共23頁

PartoftheinspirationfortheideacamewhenGavinwasayoungboy.Hespottedanovergrown

bonsaitree（盆栽）whichlookedlikechair.

The44-year-oldbeganexperimentingin2006.In2012,GavinandAlicesetupthecompany

FullGrown.Withinseveralyears,thecoupledevelopedthemosteffectivewaytoshapeatree

withoutlimitingitsgrowth.Theyguidedshoots（嫩枝）alreadyheadingintheright

direction,ratherthanforcethemthewrongwayagainsttheirnaturalgrowth.

Theaveragechairtakessixtonineyearstogrow-andanotheryeartodryout.Thelaborand

timeinvolvedinproducingtheorganicpiecesmeanstheydonotcomecheap.Chairssellfor

￡10,000each,lampsfor￡900to￡2,300andtablesfor￡2,500to￡12,500.

12.Howcouldthecouplegrowtreesintoashapetheyneeded?

A.Theyused3Dprinting.

B.Theylimitedtheirgrowth.

C.Theyforcedtreesintodifferentshapes.

D.Theyguidedtheirshootsintherightdirection.

13.WhendidGavingettheideaofgrowingfurniture?

A.Whenhewasachild.

B.Whentheygotmarried.

C.Whentheyboughtthefarm.

D.Whentheybeganexperimentingin2006.

14.Whichcanbestdescribethefurniture?

A.Bigandeco-friendly.B.Naturalbutexpensive.

C.Hand-madeandcreative.D.Traditionalbutorganic.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ACoupleGrowFurniture

B.ExpensiveGrownChairs

C.It'sAGoodTryOfSustainability

D.GrownTreesGainPopularity

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）

SimplewaystoimproveyourwrittenEnglishManypeoplethinkitisreallydifficulttoimprove

（提高）theirwritinginEnglish.Don'tworry,though.Herearesomesimplestepsthatyoucan

taketoimproveyourwrittenEnglish.

?Increaseyourvocabulary.

Toexpressyourselfclearly.youneedagoodactivevocabulary.That'snotjustbeingableto

knowlotsofwords-itmeansactuallybeingabletousethemcorrectly.⑴

Tip：Whenyoulearnanewword,trytolearnalltheformsofthatword.

?￡2L

Peopleoftensaythatwelearntowritebestbyreading.ReadinginEnglishisusefulinmany

ways.Itisagreatwaytogetanideaofthedifferentstylesofwritingandseehowtousewords

properly.

Tip：(3)Learningshouldn'tbeboring.Readeachtextseveraltimestomakesureyou

understandhowtousenewwordsandexpressionsinthetext.

?Improveyourgrammar.

Grammarisveryimportantbecauseitimprovesthequality(質(zhì)量)ofyourwriting.

Tip：(4)Thefirsttime,lookforgeneralmistakesandthesecondtimelookformistakeswith

thegrammarpointyouarestudyingatthemoment.

?Justdoit!

Thebestwaytoimproveyourwritingistogetapenandpaperandwrite.Bepreparedtowrite

severalversions(版本)ofeachtext.(5)

A.Knowyourreaders.

B.Readwidelyandoften.

C.Alwayscheckyourwritingtwice.

D.Remember,practicemakesperfect!

E.Choosebooksorarticlesthatinterestyou.

F.Usesimplerlanguageandshortersentencestoshowyourideas.

G.Dothisbylearningnewwordswithexamplesentences,notjustwordlists.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

第6頁，共23頁

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Itisindeedtruethatageisnotabarrier(障礙)toleaming.PriscillaSitienei,a90-year-old

woman,has(2_l)itandisaninspirationtoallofuswhotendtogiveupso(22).

Priscilla,asayounggirl,didnothavethe(23)toreadandwrite.Whatshecouldnotdothendid

notstopherfromdreamingand(24)makingthosedreamscometrue.Shehas(25)LeadersVision

PreparatorySchoolinhervillageinKenyafbrthepastfiveyears.Whatisevenmore(26)isthat

shegoestoschoolwithhergreat-grandchildren!Shesaysthatshehasbig(27)andthatshe'dlike

tobeableto(28)theBible(圣經(jīng)).Shealsowantsto(29)childrentoreceiveschoolingandto

followtheir(30).

Herdayatschoolisthesameasanyotherstudenfs.Shewearsher(31)toschoolandattends

English,Maths,Drama,Singing,PhysicalEducation,andDanceclasses.Abovethat,shelivesin

oneoftheschooldormitories,whereshe(32)theroomwithhergreat-great-grandchild.All

pupils(33)herandwanttoplaywithher.Shesetsanexampletothosewhohave(34)andthink

theyaretoooldtoget(35).Shesays,MWell,IamatschooLandsoshouldyou!1'

21.A.experiencedB.provedC.foughtD.postponed

22.A.bravelyB.slowlyC.easilyD.certainly

23.A.abilityB.courageC.opportunityD.talent

24.A.stickingtoB.takingtoC.imaginingD.risking

25.A.caredforB.attendedC.studiedD.visited

26.A.beautifulB.frighteningC.interestingD.intelligent

27.A.difficultyB.issuesC.creativityD.goals

28.A.readB.writeC.buyD.design

29.A.warnB.inspireC.recommendD.challenge

30.A.teachersB.curiosityC.dreamsD.audience

31.A.uniformB.glassesC.clothesD.hat

32.A.exchangesB.rentsC.selectsD.shares

33.A.ignoreB.helpC.loveD.attack

34.A.studentsB.kidsC.friendsD.parents

35.A.paidB.educatedC.movedD.noticed

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.In2005,TanyaPinto,ayoungbusinesswomanintheUS,paidavisit⑴her

birthplaceJndia.Thereshetraveledandspentthreemonths(2)(volunteer)todo

somethingforchildreningreatneed.Theexperiencewaslifechanging.Andthat'swhyshe

⑶(start)BaalDanCharities,meaning"Helpingchildren."

Atfirst,BaalDanprovidedstreetchildrenwith

clothes.Later,food,medicine,schoolbooks,andsomeeducation(4)(give)to

orphanages,schoolsandlocalprojects.Tanyagotfirstdonations(捐贈)fromfriendsand

co-workersandtoday,morepeoplecometoherhelpoutof(5)(kind).

Itisagreatjob.Atacarecenter,twoboys,(6)Tanya'scharityhadhelped,recognizedher

andeagerlytoldhertheyweredoingwellaftertheywererescuedfromthestreets.Inthe

years(7)(come),Tanyahopestodomore."Iwilltakethemtothezoo,theparkorfor

anouting.AndI'lldothingsthatarereallyfun(8)(activity),becauseIliketobringsome

funintotheirpoorlife,"saysTanya.

WhatTanyadoesis⑼(inspire).Ifyou'renotrichorfamous,youcanstilldosomething

tohelpmake(10)betterworld.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

第8頁，共23頁

37.假定你是李華，某中學(xué)生雜志英語習(xí)作專欄正在開展主題為

nWhyshouldwelearnEnglish?”的征文活動.請你根據(jù)所給要點寫一篇征文稿.

1.提高學(xué)習(xí)語言的能力；

2.有助于了解異國文化；

3.能夠結(jié)識更多的朋友.

注意：1.詞數(shù)100個左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫.

38.Deepintothenight,outsideWashington,thebuspulledintoroadsiderestaurant,and

everybodygotoffexceptVingo.Hesatrootedinhisseat,andtheyoungpeoplebeganto

wonderabouthim,tryingtoimaginehislife.Whentheywentbacktothebus,oneofthe

girlssaidbrightly,nWe'regoingtoFlorida.Ihearit'sreallybeautiful.1'

"Itis,"hesaidquietly,asifrememberingsomethinghehadtriedtoforget.

"Areyoumarried?"

nIdon'tknow.”

"Youdon'tknow?"shesaid.

"Well,whenIwasinprisonIwrotetomywife,"hesaid,nItoldherthatIwasgoingtobe

awayforalongtime,andthatifshecouldn'tstandit,ifithurttoomuch,well,shecouldjust

forgetme.I'dunderstand.Getanewguy,andforgetaboutme.Itoldhershedidn'thaveto

writetome.Andshedidn't.Notforthreeandahalfyears.1'

"Andyou'regoinghomenow,notknowingwhethershe'sstillthereornot?”

“Yeah,"hesaidshyly."Well,lastweek,whenIwassuretheparole（假釋）wascoming

through,!wrotetoheragain.There'sabigoaktreejustasyoucomeintotown.Itoldher

thatifshe'dtakemeback,sheshouldputayellowhandkerchief（手絹）onthetree,andTd

getoffandcomehome.Ifshedidn'twantme,forgetit-nohandkerchief,andI'dgoon

through.1'

"Wow,"thegirlexclaimed.

Thenextmorningtheywere20milesfromBrunswick,andtheyoungpeopletookover

windowseatsontherightside,waitingfortheapproachofthegreatoaktree.Vingo

stoppedlooking,tighteninghisface,asifhavingnocouragetofaceanother

disappointment.

However,somethingunexpectedhappened.Vingosattherestunned（目瞪口呆的）,

lookingattheoaktree.ltwascoveredwithhundredsofyellowhandkerchiefs,whichwas

likeabannerofwelcomebillowinginthewind.Astheyoungpeopleshouted,Vingorose

fromhisseatandmadehiswaytothefrontofthebusandwenthome.

Paragraph1：

WhenVingoarrivedhome,hereallywantedtoknowwhathadhappenedtohis

wife,Many,throughouttheseyears.

Paragraph2：

Determinedtoturnoveranewleaf,Vingobegantotryhisbesttomakehisfamilylivea

happylife.

第10頁，共23頁

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、D

【解析】（1）A.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段

Theislandthathousesthechurchhasbeenclosedandthepeopletherehavebeen___sincet

hefire.自火災(zāi)發(fā)生以來，教堂所在的島嶼已經(jīng)關(guān)閉，那里的人們已經(jīng)一?？梢酝茰y出，

大火后，教堂關(guān)閉，政府對周圍民眾進行了遣散。則劃線單詞意為：撤離。Amoved移

除；B.examined檢查；C.recognised辨別；D.D.pretended假裝。故選A。

（2）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)空格后的段落It'sknownthatspringisabusytimefortouristsin

Paris.Thetravelcompanyrecommendspeoplevisitotherplaces,liketheBasilique

Saint-Denis,theSacre-Coeurandsoon.

眾所周知，春天對巴黎的游客來說是一個繁忙的季節(jié)。這家旅游公司建議人們?nèi)テ渌?/p>

方，比如圣丹尼斯大教堂、圣心教堂等等?？芍?，主要講大火之后，旅游公司向游客推

薦了其他景點，所以B.Tourcompaniesofferotherchoices（旅游公司提供其他選擇），

適合作段落小標題。故選B。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Alargecampaigntoraisemoneyisalreadyunderwayto

rebuildthechurch.UptoWednesday,donationscameto$1billion.為了重建教堂,一場籌

集資金的大規(guī)模運動已經(jīng)開始。截至周三，捐款已達10億美元?？芍?，大火之后很多

的錢捐給了重建工程。故選D。

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要報道了巴黎圣母院在大火之后的變化以及政府采取的

相關(guān)措施。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】C、B、C、A

【解析】（1）C.段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句"ShehaswonmoreWorldChampionship

goldmedalsthananyotherfemalegymnastinhistory.Sheisalsothefirstwomengymnastto

winthreeWorldall-aroundtitlesinarow.Acomplicatedflip（翻轉(zhuǎn)動作）sheintroducedin

the2013WorldChampionshipsisoneoffourskillsthatarenamedafterher,andsomeconsider

herthegreatestofalltime."（她獲得的世界冠軍金牌比歷史上任何一位女子體操運動員都

多。她也是第一位連續(xù)三次獲得世界全能冠軍的女子體操運動員。她在2013屆世界錦

標賽中引進的一項復(fù)雜的翻轉(zhuǎn)動作是四種以她命名的技能之一，有些人認為她是有史以

來最偉大的體操運動員。）可知，文章第一段主要介紹的是拜爾斯獲得的偉大成就，例

如她獲得的世界冠軍金牌比歷史上任何一位女子體操運動員都多、她是第一位連續(xù)三次

獲得世界全能冠軍的女子體操運動員等，由此可知，關(guān)于拜爾斯，第一段主要告訴我們

的是她的偉大成就。故選C項。

（2）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句"AtiheSummerOlympicGamesinTokyo,Biles

experiencedsomethinggymnastcall"thetwisties,"whichiswhenagymnasthasnoideawhere

hisorherbodyisintheair.Insteadofputtingherselfandherteamatrisk,Bilesgaveupthe

competition.However,sheworkedoutinaprivategymandwasabletocompeteinthe

last-scheduledindividualevent：thebalancebeam,winningthebronzemedal."（在東京夏季

奧運會上，拜爾斯經(jīng)歷了一種體操運動員稱之為“空中失感”的情況，即體操運動員不知

道自己的身體在空中的位置。拜爾斯沒有讓自己和她的團隊處于危險之中，而是放棄了

比賽。然而，她在一家私人健身房鍛煉，并能參加最后一個預(yù)定的個人項目：平衡木，

贏得銅牌。）可知，在東京夏季奧運會上，拜爾斯經(jīng)歷了"空中失感"，導(dǎo)致她放棄了比

賽，但經(jīng)過努力訓(xùn)練，她在平衡木項目中贏得銅牌，由此可知，在東京夏季奧運會上，

拜爾斯經(jīng)歷了一段艱難的時光。故選B項。

（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容"Whenshewasyoung,Bileswasraisedbyher

grandfatherRon,andwasintroducedtogymnasticsattheageof6onaschoolfieldtriptoa

gym.Shesawsomegymnastspracticing,begancopyingtheirmovesandinsistedthather

parentssendherforgymnasticslessons.Acoachatthegymalsorecognizedhertalentandsent

aletterhomeaskingherparentstosendherforlessons."（小時候，拜爾斯由祖父羅恩撫養(yǎng)

長大，6歲時在學(xué)校的一次健身房實地考察中接觸到了體操。她看到一些體操運動員在

練習(xí)，開始模仿他們的動作，并堅持讓父母送她去上體操課。健身房的一位教練也認識

到了她的天賦，并給她家里寄了一封信，請她的父母送她去上課。）可知，拜爾斯6歲

時接觸到了體操，并展現(xiàn)出對體操的熱愛，健身房的一位教練也認識到了她的天賦，希

望她的父母送她去上課，由此可知，從課文中我們知道拜爾斯在很小的時候就展示了她

的體操天賦。故選C項。

（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段關(guān)鍵句"However,sheworkedoutinaprivategymandwas

abletocompeteinthelast-scheduledindividualevent：thebalancebeam,winningthebronze

medal."（然而，她在一家私人健身房鍛煉，并能參加最后一個預(yù)定的個人項目：平衡木，

第12頁，共23頁

贏得銅牌。）可知，雖然拜爾斯經(jīng)歷了"空中失感”，但她沒有放棄，仍然努力訓(xùn)練，最

終在平衡木項目中贏得銅牌，由此可知，她是個意志堅強的人；根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句"She

isalsothefirstwomengymnasttowinthreeWorldall-aroundtitlesinarow.Acomplicatedflip

（翻轉(zhuǎn)動作）sheintroducedinthe2013WorldChampionshipsisoneoffourskillsthatare

namedafterher,andsomeconsiderherthegreatestofalltime."（她也是第一位連續(xù)三次獲

得世界全能冠軍的女子體操運動員。她在2013屆世界錦標賽中引進的一項復(fù)雜的翻轉(zhuǎn)

動作是四種以她命名的技能之一，有些人認為她是有史以來最偉大的體操運動員。）可

知，她是連續(xù)三次獲得世界全能冠軍的女子體操運動員，并且有四種體操技能是以她的

名字命名的，由此可知，她是個才華橫溢的人，由此可推斷出，拜爾斯是一個意志堅強、

才華橫溢的人。故選A項。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了體操運動員西蒙?拜爾斯。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因為閱讀理解題

一般沒有標題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料；其次細讀題材，各個擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細細閱讀每篇材

料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善

于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認真分析，

仔細推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準。

8~11.【答案】D、B、C、D

【解析】（1）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一?段的"Manypeoplewronglybelievethatfactorslike

hungerorboredomanddepressionarethemaincausesofovereating,buttheirresearchhas

shownotherwise.ltisthoughtthatweovereatifthefoodisgoodorifwe'rereallyhungry.In

reality,thosearetwoofthelastthingsthatdeterminehowmuchweeat.（許多人錯誤地認為，

饑餓、無聊和抑郁是暴飲暴食的主要原因，但他們的研究表明，情況并非如此。人們認

為，如果食物很好，或者我們真的很餓，我們就會吃得過多。事實上，這是決定我們吃

多少的最后兩件事。）”可知，這個研究表明饑餓并不是暴飲暴食的關(guān)鍵因素。故選D。

（2）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的"Theofficeworkersatefivemorecandieseachdaywhen

thejarwasclosertothem,equalinganadditional125caloriesaday.（當(dāng)罐子離他們較近時，

辦公室職員每天會多吃5塊糖果，相當(dāng)于每天多攝入125卡路里。）“和"*Ifsomething

isvisible,everytimeweseeit,wehavetomakeadecision：toeatitornot?'theresearcher

explained.（研究人員解釋說：“如果某些東西是可見的，我們每次看到它時都必須做出

決定：吃還是不吃？"）“可推斷，辦公室職員會因為看得見而吃更多的糖果。故選B。

（3）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的"Researchersofthelabadviseagradualapproachin

changingeatinghabits.Peoplecancutacoupleofhundredcaloriesadaybydoingthingssuch

asavoidingopenfooddishesattheoffice,usingsmallerservingbowls,sittingnexttothe

slowesteaterandbeingthelastonetostarteating.（實驗室的研究人員建議循序漸進地改

變飲食習(xí)慣。人們每天可以通過一些事情來減少幾百卡路里的熱量，比如在辦公室里避

免打開食物，使用較小的餐具，坐在吃得最慢的人旁邊，以及最后一個開始吃飯。）”

可知，在改變飲食習(xí)慣方面，建議使用更小的餐具。故選C。

（4）D.目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段的"Inrecentyears,researchersofCornellUniversity'sFood

andBrandLabarestudyinghowenvironmentalfactorsinfluencemanyAmericansto

unnoticeablyeattoomuch.（近年來，康奈爾大學(xué)的食品和品牌實驗室的研究人員正在研

究環(huán)境因素如何影響許多美國人不加注意地吃得過多。）"以及最后一段的“Thefindings

inotherresearcheshaveshownthatwetendtoeatmorewhenweuselargerdishes,eatinfront

ofthetelevision.ordinewithsomeonewhoeatsalot.（其他研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)我們使用更大的

盤子、在電視機前吃飯或和吃得多的人一起吃飯時，我們傾向于吃得更多）”以及最后

一段的建議可知，本文主要講述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境因素影響我們吃得過多，并給出了逐漸

改變飲食習(xí)慣，減少食物攝入的建議，因此推斷本文的目的是建議人們成為一個警覺的

飲食者。故選D。

本文是說明文。文章主要講述了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境因素影響我們吃得過多，我們應(yīng)該逐漸改

變飲食習(xí)慣，減少食物的攝入，成為一個警覺的飲食者。

做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正確的選擇。

12~15.【答案】D、A、B、A

【解析】（1）D.細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的Withinseveralyears,thecoupledeveloped

themosteffectivewaytoshapeatreewithoutlimitingitsgrowth.Theyguided

shoots（嫩枝）alreadyheadingintheright

direction,ratherthanforcethemthewrongwayagainsttheirnaturalgrowth.

幾年內(nèi)，這對夫婦開發(fā)出了一種最有效的方法來塑造一棵樹而不限制它的生長。他們引

導(dǎo)嫩枝朝著正確方向生長，而不是強迫它們朝著錯誤的方向生長?？芍?，這對夫婦通過

引導(dǎo)嫩枝朝著正確方向生長，就能讓樹長成他們需要的形狀。故選D。

（2）A.細節(jié)理解題。由第四段PartoftheinspirationfortheideacamewhenGavinwasa

第14頁，共23頁

youngboy.Hespottedanovergrownbonsaitree（盆

栽）whichlookedlikechair.這個想法的部分靈感來自加文小時候。他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一棵

長得像椅子的盆景樹?？芍?，加文有種家具的主意來源于當(dāng)他還是個孩子的時候看到了

一棵長得像椅子的盆栽的經(jīng)歷。故選A。

（3）B.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的Theyguidedshoots（嫩枝）alreadyheading

intherightdirection,ratherthanforcethemthewrongwayagainsttheirnaturalgrowth.

（他們引導(dǎo)嫩枝朝著正確方向生長，而不是強迫它們朝著錯誤的方向生長?？芍@對夫

婦通過引導(dǎo)嫩枝朝著正確方向生長得到想要的家具，不違背樹的自然生長規(guī)律，所以這

種家具是天然的；由最后一段中的"Thelaborandtimeinvolvedinproducingtheorganic

piecesmeanstheydonotcomecheap.Chairssell

for￡10,000each,lampsfor￡900tof2,

300andtablesfor￡2,500tof12,500.生產(chǎn)有機產(chǎn)品所需的人力和時間意味著它

們并不便宜。椅子每把賣10000英鎊，燈每只賣900到230英鎊，桌子每只賣2500到

12500英鎊。可知，此種家具天然且昂貴。故選B。

（4）A.標題歸納題。第一至三段講英國德比郡的一對夫婦種植家具，第四段講種植家

具的靈感來源，第五段講如何種植家具，最后一段講種植家具的時長和價格，可知，本

文主要講英國一對夫婦種植家具，A項”一對夫婦種植家具”符合文意。故選A。

這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在英國德比郡的一個農(nóng)場里，有一對夫婦經(jīng)營著一個家具

農(nóng)場，可以讓樹木直接長成家具。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原

文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章

取義。

16~20.【答案】G、B、E、C、D

r解析】(1)G.語境銜接題。根據(jù)前句Toexpressyourselfclearly,youneedagoodactive

vocabulary.That'sn