2024屆四川省巴中市普通高中高三上學期一診英語試題（含答案解析）

巴中市普通高中2021級“一診”考試英語注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級、考號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置。2.選擇題答時請使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑;非選擇題答題時必須用0.5毫米黑色墨跡簽字筆，將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置，在規(guī)定的答題區(qū)域以外答題無效，在試題卷上答題無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，考生將答題卡交回。第Ⅰ卷(選擇題共100分)第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)請聽下面5段對話，選出最佳選項。1.Howdidthewomanfeelaboutthefilm?AAmused.B.Scared.C.Encouraged.2.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Copythedocument.B.Restartthecomputer.C.Readtheinstructions.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Astorm.B.Afire.C.Awebsite.4.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Parentandchild.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Classmates.5.Whyisthewomantalkingtotheman?A.Toaskaboutareport.B.Toarrangeabusinesstrip.C.Togetaroomservice第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)請聽下面5段對話或獨白，選出最佳選項。請聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatfeelingdidthemanexperienceinKenya?A.Regret.B.Disbelief.C.Gratitude.7.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Aprofessionalathlete.B.Anassistantcoach.C.Acollegestudent.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atacinema.B.Inaclassroom.C.Attheman’s.9.WhydoesthemansuggestseeingFeetontheMoon?A.It’sacomedy.B.Itusesspecialeffects.C.Itstarsafamousactor.10.Whatdothespeakersagreetowatchatlast?A.Blackfish.B.EarthWars.C.LegoRunning.請聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthemanthinkit’sunnecessarytoclean?A.Thefridge.B.Thewashingmachine.C.Thegascooker.12.Whichofthefollowingservicesdoesthemanneed?A.Sortingouttheclothes.B.Checkingthewiring.C.Cleaningthecurtains.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Downloadanapp.B.Meetacleaner.C.Signacontract.請聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhydoesthewomanchoosetoworkfortheOrionStadium?A.Itinvolveskids.B.Itisoutdoors.C.Itsoundslikefun.15.Whichaspectofsafetydoesthemanthinkismostimportant?A.Ensuringchildrenstayinthestadium.B.Providingproperequipmentforchildren.C.Removingobstaclesinchangingrooms.16.Whataffectedthescheduleforthevolleyballcompetitionlastyear?A.Badweather.B.Heavytraffic.C.Aninjury聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthepastownersmakechangesto?A.Thegarden.B.Thehouse.C.Thefarm.18.WhydidEdwardbuildUniteHome?A.Todiscusspolitics.B.Tomakefriends.C.Tocollectartworks.19WhatisnewforchildrenatUniteHome?A.Theclothesfordressingup.B.Theminifarmtrucks.C.Theadventureplayground.20.Whatcantouristsdointhebrickbuilding?A.Seesomerareanimals.B.Watchcowsbeingmilked.C.Tryfarmingtools.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AScotland’slandscapes,history,andcultureofferagreatvarietyofexperiences.Thissummer,joinouruniquerangerprogramstodiscoverScotlandlikeneverbefore!YoungClan’sHighlandGames(June4toAugust22)Adelightfulexperienceforchildren!TesttheirskillsintraditionalScottishgamesandcomparetheirabilitiestothehistoricallegendsofScotland.Nopriorexperienceneeded.Funandeducational,thisprogramisflexibletofityourschedule.MeetattheHighlandFolkMuseum.WildHighlandsExploration(May25toSeptember3)ImmerseyourselfintheruggedbeautyoftheScottishHighlands.Perfectforfamilies,thisprogramoffersguidedhikesthroughscenictrails,wildlifespotting,andcampingadventures.LearnaboutScotland’snativewildlifeandhowtoresponsiblyenjoythenaturalenvironment.GatherattheGlencoeVisitorCentre.LochNessLegendsandLore(June8toSeptember3)Attheworld-famousLochNess,thisprogramcombinesbreathtakingviewswithcaptivatingstoriesabouttheLoch’shistoryandthemysteriousNessie.Idealforfamiliesandphotographyenthusiasts.MeetattheLochNessCentre&Exhibitionforthisengagingtalk.PhotographyWorkshopsintheIsles(June18&July11)EnhanceyourphotographyskillsinScotland’spicturesquelandscapes.Joinourexpertphotographersforhands-onworkshops.6/18—IsleofSkyeSceneries:meetattheOldManofStorrparkingarea.7/11—CapturingtheAurora:meetattheShetlandIslesObservatory.1.WhatdoweknowaboutYoungClan’sHighlandGames?A.Itcombineseducationandpleasure. B.Itrequirespreviousexperience.C.Itoffersscenicviews. D.Ittestsathleticskills.2.WhatdoWildHighlandsExplorationandLochNessLegendsandLorehaveincommon?A.Offeringguidedhikes. B.Enhancingphotographyskills.C.Beingmostsuitableforfamilies. D.LearningabouttraditionalScottishgames.3.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheScotland’sprograms?A.Toofferavarietyofsportactivities. B.Toprovidenaturalandculturalexperiences.C.Tofocusonhistoricallandmarks. D.Toteachaboutwildlifeconservation.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了蘇格蘭地區(qū)的多個旅游活動和項目，旨在吸引讀者參加這些活動，深入探索和體驗蘇格蘭的自然風光、歷史文化和傳統(tǒng)活動。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“YoungClan’sHighlandGames”部分中的“Adelightfulexperienceforchildren!TesttheirskillsintraditionalScottishgamesandcomparetheirabilitiestothehistoricallegendsofScotland.Nopriorexperienceneeded.Funandeducational,thisprogramisflexibletofityourschedule.(對孩子們來說是一次愉快的經(jīng)歷！在傳統(tǒng)的蘇格蘭游戲中測試他們的技能，并將他們的能力與蘇格蘭的歷史傳說進行比較。不需要之前的經(jīng)驗。有趣和教育，這個程序是靈活的，以適應(yīng)您的日程安排)”可知，“YoungClan’sHighlandGames”在游戲中測試技能，將玩樂和教育相結(jié)合。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“WildHighlandsExploration”部分中的“Perfectforfamilies,thisprogramoffersguidedhikesthroughscenictrails,wildlifespotting,andcampingadventures.(對家庭出游而言是完美的，這個項目提供引導(dǎo)徒步旅行通過風景秀麗的小徑，野生動物發(fā)現(xiàn)，和露營冒險)”和“LochNessLegendsandLore”部分中的“Idealforfamiliesandphotographyenthusiasts.(適合家庭和攝影愛好者)”可知，這兩種旅游活動都適合家庭出游。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Scotland’slandscapes,history,andcultureofferagreatvarietyofexperiences.Thissummer,joinouruniquerangerprogramstodiscoverScotlandlikeneverbefore!(蘇格蘭的風景、歷史和文化提供了各種各樣的體驗。今年夏天，加入我們獨特的游玩計劃，以前所未有的方式探索蘇格蘭！)”可推知，這些項目的主要目的是為游客提供自然和文化體驗。故選B。BWhenDarrellLangworthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway.“Myparentsworkedatagolfcourse.They’dinvitealltheworkerstoThanksgivingdinner.Theywouldneverturnanybodyaway,”hesays.“Iftherewasakidintheneighborhoodwhoneededdinner,hegotit.”Ithasbecomeanessentialpartoftheirfamilylife.Today,LangworthycarriesonthetraditionathisrestaurantinColchester,Vermont,whereacombinationofbarbecueandcommunityservicehasmadeMarkBBQahotspot.ColchesterisasmalltownontheshoresofLakeChamplain,justnorthofBurlington.LocalsknowMarkBBQforitsbrisketburgers,pulled-porksandwichesandTex-Mexmeatloaf.Formany,MarkBBQisalsoastopontheroadtorecovery.Enter:RecoveryKitchen,aprogrammethatbringsformeraddictsintothekitchentobuildserviceindustryskills.TheeffortwasinspiredbymanagerCaseyDeGuise,whoarrivedwithatroubledhistoryandevenmoredetermination.“Hehadbeenturneddownfor35jobs,”Langworthysays.“Wesaid‘Let’stakeachance,’andhe’sneverletmedown.”Langworthyknowsthatalittlehelpcangoalongway.“IhadatimewhenIwasdefinitelydrinkingtoomuch,”herecalls.Now,heofferstoothersthesupportheonceneeded.HekeepsacoolerbyMarkBBQ’sfrontdoorwithfreefoodforanyonewhowantsit.Buthisfavoritepastimeisstillwatchingfullplatesturntodirtydishes.“Ifwecanpaythebillsandstaff,we’rehappy,”saysLangworthy.“Ifwecanhelpthecommunity,we’rehappier.”Sofar,DarrellLangworthyhashandedoutmorethan170,000freemeals.4.What’sthetraditionoftheLangworthyfamily?A.ToinvitepeopleinhiscommunitytoThanksgivingdinner.B.Toworkatagolfcourselikehisparents.C.TostartaprogrammecalledEnter:RecoveryKitchen.D.TohaveafamilyreuniononThanksgivingDay.5.WhatisspecialaboutDarrellLangworthy’srestaurant?A.Itservestastyandcountlessfood. B.Itoffersjobchancesforpeople.C.ItcombinesBBQandcommunityservice. D.ItliesontheshoresofLakeChamplain.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDarrellLangworthy?A.Adventurousandresponsible B.GenerousandempatheticC.Cooperativeandproductive D.Ambitiousanddemanding7.Whatmessageisconveyedinthetext?A.Actionspeakslouderthanwords. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Lovingisathingthatgrows. D.Devotionmakestheworldabetterplace.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要通過描述DarrellLangworthy的成長經(jīng)歷、他的餐廳以及他如何通過美食連接社區(qū)、傳遞愛心的故事，生動地展現(xiàn)了他的生活和事業(yè)?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenDarrellLangworthywasgrowingup,Thanksgivingmeant30neighborssharingapotluckmealinthefamilydriveway.(在DarrellLangworthy小時候，感恩節(jié)意味著30個鄰居在自家車道上共享一頓家常便飯。)”以及第二段““Myparentsworkedatagolfcourse.They’dinvitealltheworkerstoThanksgivingdinner.Theywouldneverturnanybodyaway,”hesays.“Iftherewasakidintheneighborhoodwhoneededdinner,hegotit.”Ithasbecomeanessentialpartoftheirfamilylife.(“我的父母在高爾夫球場工作。他們會邀請所有的工人來吃感恩節(jié)晚餐。他們絕不會拒絕任何人，”他說?！叭绻浇泻⒆有枰燥?，他就會給他?！彼呀?jīng)成為他們家庭生活中必不可少的一部分。)”可知，Langworthy家族在感恩節(jié)邀請社區(qū)里的人來吃感恩節(jié)晚餐。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Today,LangworthycarriesonthetraditionathisrestaurantinColchester,Vermont,whereacombinationofbarbecueandcommunityservicehasmadeMarkBBQahotspot.(如今，Langworthy在他位于佛蒙特州科爾切斯特的餐廳里繼續(xù)著這一傳統(tǒng)，在那里，燒烤和社區(qū)服務(wù)的結(jié)合使馬克燒烤成為了一個熱點。)”可知，Langworthy的餐廳將燒烤和社區(qū)服務(wù)結(jié)合在一起。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Now,heofferstoothersthesupportheonceneeded.HekeepsacoolerbyMarkBBQ’sfrontdoorwithfreefoodforanyonewhowantsit.(現(xiàn)在，他向別人提供他曾經(jīng)需要的支持。他在馬克燒烤店的前門放了一個冷藏箱，里面有免費的食物給任何想吃的人。)”可知，他非?？犊?；再根據(jù)最后一段““Ifwecanpaythebillsandstaff,we’rehappy,”saysLangworthy.“Ifwecanhelpthecommunity,we’rehappier.”Sofar,DarrellLangworthyhashandedoutmorethan170,000freemeals.(“如果我們能支付賬單和員工，我們就很高興了，”Langworthy說?！叭绻覀兡軒椭鐓^(qū)，我們會更快樂?！钡侥壳盀橹?，DarrellLangworthy已經(jīng)分發(fā)了超過17萬份免費餐點。)”可知，Langworthy非常善解人意。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了DarrellLangworthy如何通過他的餐廳和“康復(fù)廚房”項目，將美食與社區(qū)服務(wù)相結(jié)合，為社區(qū)提供幫助和關(guān)愛。他不僅繼承了父母在感恩節(jié)邀請鄰居共享聚餐的傳統(tǒng)，還在自己的餐廳繼續(xù)這一傳統(tǒng)，并通過提供免費食物給需要的人，以及為曾經(jīng)的癮君子提供工作機會，來傳遞愛心和關(guān)懷。DarrellLangworthy的行為體現(xiàn)了奉獻的精神，他的努力讓社區(qū)更加溫暖，也讓世界變得更美好。所以，選項D“Devotionmakestheworldabetterplace.(奉獻讓世界更美好)”符合全文主題。故選D。CInthehousewhereIgrewup,wehadaroomwecalledthelibrary.Itwasn’tareallibrary,ofcourse,itwasjustasmallroomdominatedbyatelevisionset.Buttherewerebookshelvesbuiltintoallfourwalls,andhundredsofbook—hardbackbooksofmanycolors—surroundedusinthatroom.Thebooks,collectedbymyparentsandgrandparentsthroughouttheirlifetimes,wereapartofmychildhood.Butinthe1970s,I’mnoticingaworryingtrend:amoveawayfrombooks.Americanhomesmightsoonlackdedicatedspacesforlibraries,andhardcoverbooks,oncesymbolsofenduringthoughtandwisdom,maybecomeendangered.Afriendwhoownsabookstoreinacollegetowntellsmehestrugglestosellhardbackbooks;paperbacks,thougheasiertosell,stilldisappointhim.Students,onceseenwithbooks,nowcarrymusicrecords.Readingseemstobegivingwaytolistening.Recentobservationssupportthisshift:theUniversityofIllinoisreportedthatasignificantportionoffreshmenhavereadingskillsnobetterthananaverageeighthgrader,withmanyofthesestudentshavingbeentopperformersinhighschool.Universityprofessorsnotethatevencollegegraduatesstrugglewithreadingandwriting.Theculturalimpactofthischangeisevident.Asuccessfulfictionbookmightsellamere3,000copies,whileamusicalbumbyanewband,Boston,hassoldmillions.Thisreflectsourpassiveconsumptionera,wherelisteningtomusicorwatchingshowsrequireslittleactiveengagement,unlikereadingabook,whichdemandseffortandintent.Inthepast,readingwasafundamentalpartoflife,butnow,intheeraoffastinformationaccess,booksarelosingtheirsignificantplace.Today’syoungAmericansaremorelikelytoreadadisposablepaperbackthantocherishandrereadahardcover.Inasocietythatvaluesspeedandconvenience,thebookforkeepingandrereadingisaweightydinosaur.8.Whattrendinthe1970sdoestheauthorfindconcerning?A.Theriseofpaperbackbooks. B.Theincreaseintelevisionwatching.C.Thestruggletosellhardbackbooks. D.Thedeclineinbookreadingandinterestinlibraries.9.Whatimpactdoestheshiftawayfrombookshaveoncollegestudents?A.Theymayhavedifficultyinreadingandwriting. B.Theyreadmorehardbacksthanpaperbacks.C.Theyarebuyingmorebooksthanmusicrecords. D.Theyaremorelikelytoengageindemandingwork.10.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthebookforkeepingandrereadingviewedastoday?A.Avaluableresource. B.Apopulartrend.C.Anoutdatedrelic. D.Anewinnovation.11.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Library:AValuablePlace B.Books:AnEndangeredSpecies?C.ReadingMakesPeopleWise D.HardcoversAreSymbolsofWisdom【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章作者通過描述個人經(jīng)歷、觀察和社會現(xiàn)象，提出了對于書籍和閱讀現(xiàn)狀的擔憂，并分析了造成這種現(xiàn)狀的原因?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butinthe1970s,I’mnoticingaworryingtrend:amoveawayfrombooks.Americanhomesmightsoonlackdedicatedspacesforlibraries,andhardcoverbooks,oncesymbolsofenduringthoughtandwisdom,maybecomeendangered.(但在20世紀70年代，我注意到一種令人擔憂的趨勢：人們開始遠離書籍。美國家庭可能很快就會缺乏專門的圖書館空間，而精裝書，曾經(jīng)是持久思想和智慧的象征，可能會瀕臨滅絕)”可知，在20世紀70年代，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)人們開始遠離書籍，對閱讀和圖書館的興趣開始下降。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Recentobservationssupportthisshift:theUniversityofIllinoisreportedthatasignificantportionoffreshmenhavereadingskillsnobetterthananaverageeighthgrader,withmanyofthesestudentshavingbeentopperformersinhighschool.(最近的觀察結(jié)果支持了這一轉(zhuǎn)變：伊利諾伊大學報告稱，相當一部分新生的閱讀能力并不比八年級學生的平均水平好，其中許多學生在高中時表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異)”以及第四段“Universityprofessorsnotethatevencollegegraduatesstrugglewithreadingandwriting.Theculturalimpactofthischangeisevident.(大學教授指出，即使是大學畢業(yè)生也會在閱讀和寫作方面遇到困難)”可推知，遠離書本可能會讓大學生在閱讀和寫作方面有困難。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Today’syoungAmericansaremorelikelytoreadadisposablepaperbackthantocherishandrereadahardcover.Inasocietythatvaluesspeedandconvenience,thebookforkeepingandrereadingisaweightydinosaur.(如今的美國年輕人更傾向于閱讀一次性平裝書，而不是珍惜和重讀精裝書。在一個重視速度和方便的社會里，用來保存和重讀的書就像一只笨重的恐龍)”可知，今天人們認為那些保存和重讀的書就像一只笨重的恐龍。由此推知，作者認為今天被視為保存和重讀的書是過時的遺物。故選C。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章作者通過描述個人經(jīng)歷、社會現(xiàn)象和觀察，表達了對書籍在現(xiàn)代社會中地位下降的擔憂，特別是對精裝書可能變成瀕危物種的憂慮。作者提到美國家庭可能缺乏專門的圖書室空間，精裝書可能變得瀕危，以及年輕人更傾向于閱讀一次性的平裝書而不是珍藏和重讀精裝書等現(xiàn)象。由此可知，選項B“Books:AnEndangeredSpecies?(書：瀕臨滅絕的物種？)”準確地概括了文章的主要內(nèi)容和主題，即書籍在現(xiàn)代社會中可能面臨瀕危的情況。故選B。DAsawarenessofclimatechangegrows,sodoesthedesiretodosomethingaboutit.Butthescaleoftheproblemsitcauses—fromwildfirestomeltingglacierstodroughts—canseemutterlyoverwhelming.Itcanbehardtomakeaconnectionbetweenoureverydaylivesandthesurvivalofpolarbears,letalonehowweasindividualscanhelpturnthesituationaround.Onewaytogainaquantifiableunderstandingoftheimpactsofouractions,forgoodandbad,isthroughwhatisknownasacarbonfootprint.Butwhiletheconceptisgainingtraction,itisnotalwaysfullyunderstood.AccordingtoMikeBerners-Lee,aprofessoratLancasterUniversityintheUKandauthorofTheCarbonFootprintofEverything,itis“thesumtotalofallthegreenhousegasemissionsthathadtotakeplaceinorderforaproducttobeproducedorforanactivitytotakeplace.”Whatstepsapersoncantaketoreducetheirpersonalfootprintthemostofcoursedependsonthekindoflifestyletheypresentlylive,andthesameactionsarenotequallyeffectiveforeveryone.Berners-Leenotesthat,“forsomepeople,flyingmaybe10percentoftheirfootprint,forsomepeopleit’szero,andforsomeit’ssuchahugenumberthatitshouldbetheonlythingtheyshouldbethinkingabout.”Itisn’teasytocalculateacarbonfootprintandithasbeenclaimedthattheearliestsuchcalculatorappearedin2004aspartofthe“BeyondPetroleum”campaignofoilgiantBP—afactthatcausessomeobserverstocriticizethepressuretoreducepersonalcarbonfootprintsasa“sham”to“promotetheslantthatclimatechangeisnotthefaultofanoilgiant,butthatofindividuals.”“Iwouldsaypersonalcarbonfootprintcalculatorsareausefultooltoassesstheimpactofyourimmediateactions.”Berners-Leesays.“Butwhat’smuchmoreimportantthanyourpersonalcarbonfootprintisyourclimateshadow,whichaimstopaintapictureofthefullsumofone’schoicesandtheimpacttheyhaveontheplanet.Forexample,howyouvote,whereyouwork,howyouinvestyourmoney,andhowmuchyoutalkaboutclimatechange.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“traction”inparagraph2probablymean?A.attention B.insight C.control D.power13.HowdoesBerners-Leeexplainhisopinionaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Bypresentingafact B.BymakingacomparisonC.Byclarifyingaconcept D.Bygivingsuggestions14.Whatistheobservers’attitudetothe“BeyondPetroleum”campaignofoilgiantBP?A.unclear B.favorable C.indifferent D.disapproving15.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Toolsaremoreimportantthanchoices. B.Onlyindividualsareresponsibleforclimatechange.C.Climateshadowcoversabroadrangeofactions. D.Calculatingcarbonfootprintisthemosteffective.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了碳足跡的定義、如何通過碳足跡可以量化地了解我們的行為的影響?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第一段中“Asawarenessofclimatechangegrows,sodoesthedesiretodosomethingaboutit.(隨著人們對氣候變化的意識日益增強，對氣候變化采取行動的愿望也越來越強烈。)”和第二段中“Onewaytogainaquantifiableunderstandingoftheimpactsofouractions,forgoodandbad,isthroughwhatisknownasacarbonfootprint.Butwhiletheconceptisgaining...(有一種方法可以量化地了解我們的行為的影響，無論是好是壞，那就是通過所謂的碳足跡。但是，雖然這個概念越來越……)”可知，人們對氣候變化的意識日益增強，對氣候變化采取行動的愿望也越來越強烈，所以碳足跡這個概念越來越受到關(guān)注，劃線詞的含義為“關(guān)注”。A.attention注意；B.insight洞察力；C.control控制；D.power權(quán)力。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Berners-Leenotesthat,“forsomepeople,flyingmaybe10percentoftheirfootprint,forsomepeopleit’szero,andforsomeit’ssuchahugenumberthatitshouldbetheonlythingtheyshouldbethinkingabout.”(伯納斯-李指出，“對一些人來說，飛行可能占他們足跡的10%，對一些人來說，這是零，對一些人來說，這是一個巨大的數(shù)字，應(yīng)該是他們唯一應(yīng)該考慮的事情?！?”可知，Berners-Lee通過進行比較解釋他的觀點。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Itisn’teasytocalculateacarbonfootprintandithasbeenclaimedthattheearliestsuchcalculatorappearedin2004aspartofthe“BeyondPetroleum”campaignofoilgiantBP—afactthatcausessomeobserverstocriticizethepressuretoreducepersonalcarbonfootprintsasa“sham”to“promotetheslantthatclimatechangeisnotthefaultofanoilgiant,butthatofindividuals.”(計算碳足跡并不容易，據(jù)稱最早的此類計算器出現(xiàn)在2004年，是石油巨頭英國石油公司“超越石油”運動的一部分。這一事實導(dǎo)致一些觀察家批評減少個人碳足跡的壓力是“騙局”以“宣揚氣候變化不是石油巨頭的錯，而是個人的錯”。)”可知，觀察家們對石油巨頭英國石油公司的“超越石油”運動持反對態(tài)度。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中““Iwouldsaypersonalcarbonfootprintcalculatorsareausefultooltoassesstheimpactofyourimmediateactions.”Berners-Leesays.“Butwhat’smuchmoreimportantthanyourpersonalcarbonfootprintisyourclimateshadow,whichaimstopaintapictureofthefullsumofone’schoicesandtheimpacttheyhaveontheplanet.Forexample,howyouvote,whereyouwork,howyouinvestyourmoney,andhowmuchyoutalkaboutclimatechange.(“我想說，個人碳足跡計算器是一個有用的工具，可以評估你的即時行動的影響。”伯納斯-李說?！暗饶愕膫€人碳足跡更重要的是你的氣候陰影，它旨在描繪一個人的選擇及其對地球的影響的全貌。例如，你如何投票，在哪里工作，如何投資，以及你對氣候變化的談?wù)摮潭取?”可知，氣候陰影涵蓋了廣泛的行動。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverfallenasleepinclass?There’snoneedtobeashamedaboutdozingoffinclass.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplecanonlystaycompletelyfocusedonsomethingforamaximumof10minutes.____16____.Thisresultsinpooracademicperformance.Inthisarticle,you’lldiscover4simplestrategiestofeelenergizedandawakewhileinclass.Sleepthenightbeforeyourclass.Studentswhodozeinclassoftenmissedsleepthenightbefore.____17____.Maintainingaregularsleepscheduleandallowyourselftimetorelaxbeforeheadingtobedbyputtingawayyourphone,homework,andotherthingsthatkeepyourmindactive.____18____.Mostpeoplehaveexperiencedthewell-known“foodcoma”aftereatingalargemeal,whichresultsinafeelingofheavinessthatdrainsyourenergy.Thisisparticularlytrueifyoueatcertainfoods,suchasamealthatishighincarbohydrates.Drinkplentyofwater,andbringsometoclasstoo.Yourbloodconcentrationthickensduetoalackoffluid,resultinginthereductionofplasma(血漿)intheblood,whichinturnmakesyourheartworkhardertosupplyoxygenandnutrientstothebody.Increaseyourwaterintakebyconsciouslytakingsipsofwaterthroughouttheday.____19____.Takenotes.Keepyourattentiononwhat’sgoingoninclassbytakingnotesastheteachergivesthelecture.Takingnotesisaneffectivewaytostayawakeinclass.____20____Yourbrainwillbeengagedinclassifyouwritedownwhatisbeingsaid.A.Avoideatingalargemealbeforeclass.B.Consumelesscarbohydrates.C.Itforcesyoutomaintainactivityinyourmind.D.Unfortunately,manyclassinstructorsaretotallyunawaretothislearningprocess.E.Furthermore,preventdehydration(脫水)andmakesureyou’rebringingwaterwithyoutoclass.F.Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefenseforstayingawakeinclass.G.It’snecessarytomakethefulluseofclasstimetoimproveacademicperformance.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在課堂上感到精力充沛、清醒的方法?！?6題詳解】由上文“Haveyoueverfallenasleepinclass?There’snoneedtobeashamedaboutdozingoffinclass.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplecanonlystaycompletelyfocusedonsomethingforamaximumof10minutes.(你曾經(jīng)在課堂上睡著過嗎？沒有必要為在課堂上打瞌睡而感到羞恥。研究表明，人們完全專注于某件事的時間最多只能是10分鐘。)”。根據(jù)下文“Thisresultsinpooracademicperformance.”（這導(dǎo)致學習成績不佳。）可知，學習過程被忽視了。故D選項“Unfortunately,manyclassinstructorsaretotallyunawaretothislearningprocess.(不幸的是，許多班主任完全沒有意識到這個學習過程。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳解】由下文“Maintainingaregularsleepscheduleandallowyourselftimetorelaxbeforeheadingtobedbyputtingawayyourphone,homework,andotherthingsthatkeepyourmindactive.(保持一個有規(guī)律的睡眠時間表，讓自己在睡覺前放松一下，把手機、作業(yè)和其他讓你保持思維活躍的東西放在一邊。)”可知，本空要說跟“充足的睡眠”有關(guān)的話題，故F選項“Gettingenoughsleepisyourfirstlineofdefenseforstayingawakeinclass.(充足的睡眠是你在課堂上保持清醒的第一道防線。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選F?！?8題詳解】由下文“Mostpeoplehaveexperiencedthewell-known“foodcoma”aftereatingalargemeal,whichresultsinafeelingofheavinessthatdrainsyourenergy.Thisisparticularlytrueifyoueatcertainfoods,suchasamealthatishighincarbohydrates.(大多數(shù)人在吃了一頓大餐后都經(jīng)歷過眾所周知的“食物昏迷”，這導(dǎo)致一種沉重感，耗盡了你的能量。如果你吃了某些食物，比如碳水化合物含量高的食物，情況尤其如此。)”可知，上課前不要吃大餐，故A選項“Avoideatingalargemealbeforeclass.(避免在上課前吃大餐。)”能概括本段主題，符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳解】由上文“Drinkplentyofwater,andbringsometoclasstoo.(多喝水，上課時也要帶一些。)”可知，本空要說跟“上課時帶水”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項“Furthermore,preventdehydration(脫水)andmakesureyou’rebringingwaterwithyoutoclass.(此外，要防止脫水，并確保上課時帶水。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選E?！?0題詳解】由上文“Keepyourattentiononwhat’sgoingoninclassbytakingnotesastheteachergivesthelecture.Takingnotesisaneffectivewaytostayawakeinclass.(通過在老師講課時做筆記，讓你的注意力集中在課堂上。記筆記是在課堂上保持清醒的有效方法。)”可知，本空要說跟“課堂做筆記的好處”有關(guān)的話題，故C選項“Itforcesyoutomaintainactivityinyourmind.(它迫使你頭腦保持活躍。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選C。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AstheotherfourplayersenjoythecrucialvictoryinanArenaOfValorcompetition,theyremainedunawarethattheirteammateLuDongisaParalympic____21____championwhoplayswithherfeet.At32,LuDonghas____22____alotofmedalsoverher19-yearswimmingcareer.Meanwhile,shehasenrichedherdailylifeby____23____intovarioushobbies.Lu____24____aninterestinArenaOfValorin2017.____25____,herappearancesininternetcafesdrewalotofcuriousglances,whichmadeher____26____However,italsoledtogenerouscomplimentswhenothers____27____herremarkableskills.“Theypraisedmeafterwatchingmeplaysowellwithmyfeet,whichgavemeasenseof____28____,”Lusaid.Besidesvideogames,Luhas____29____anhourdailytopianopracticeforthepastthreeyearsandhasalso_____30_____herskillsinbothcookingandbeautymakeup.Losingher_____31_____inachildhoodaccidentLustopparticipatinginP.E.classestoavoid_____32_____inherelementaryschooldays,whichmadeherphysicallyandmentally_____33_____.Luckily,shewasrecommendedtojointheprovincialswimmingteamin2004.ShewontwogoldsandtwosilversintheyouthgroupoftheNationalChampionshipin2005,earninga_____34_____inthenationalsquad(代表隊).Lu’s_____35_____performancesinthepoolcaughttheeyeofBeijingSportsUniversityin2020,_____36_____thebeginningofhercollegejourney.Changingfroma(n)_____37_____girltoanationalchampion,Lugainedimmenseconfidence.Shenolonger_____38_____towearT-shirtsinsummerortotuckhersleevesintoherpocketsinwinter.“Itwasswimmingthat_____39_____thegirlwhoalwaystalkedalotandthegirlwhowasbraveenoughto_____40_____thefixedimageofthedisabled.”Lusaid.21.A.swimming B.running C.dancing D.singing22.A.accounted B.accommodated C.accomplished D.accumulated23.A.looking B.diving C.leaping D.bumping24.A.developed B.created C.made D.built25.A.Eventually B.Formally C.Initially D.Firstly26.A.confident B.comfortable C.uneasy D.annoyed27.A.approved B.witnessed C.learned D.practiced28.A.responsibility B.belonging C.identity D.achievement29.A.dedicated B.lasted C.waited D.offered30.A.found B.kept C.required D.showcased31.A.hands B.arms C.legs D.feet32.A.wounds B.damage C.injuries D.loss33.A.vulnerable B.capable C.strong D.tired34.A.degree B.living C.position D.point35.A.unique B.ordinary C.typical D.exceptional36.A.changing B.marking C.following D.proving37.A.uncommunicative B.unambitious C.selfish D.impatient38.A.managed B.attempted C.expected D.hesitated39.A.foundout B.broughtback C.wakenup D.takenaway40.A.understand B.accept C.challenge D.shape【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.A25.C26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.C35.D36.B37.A38.D39.B40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了盧冬(音譯)這位失去雙臂的殘奧會游泳冠軍如何克服身體障礙，在游泳領(lǐng)域取得卓越成就，并進而在游戲、鋼琴、烹飪和美容等多個領(lǐng)域展現(xiàn)自己的才能和自信?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當其他四名隊員在《王者榮耀》比賽中取得關(guān)鍵勝利的時候，他們并不知道他們的隊友盧冬是殘奧會游泳冠軍，她用腳玩游戲。A.swimming游泳；B.running跑步；C.dancing跳舞；D.singing唱歌。根據(jù)下文“Luckily,shewasrecommendedtojointheprovincialswimmingteamin2004.Shewontwogoldsandtwosilversinth