2024屆高考英語(yǔ) 二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練（含解析）

Passage1WheretoEatinBangkokBangkokisahighlydesirabledestinationforfoodlovers.Ithasaseeminglybottomlesswellofdiningoptions.HerearesomesuggestionsonwheretostartyourBangkokeatingadventure.NahmOfferingThaifinedining,NahmprovidesthebestofBangkokculinary(烹飪的)experiences.It'stheonlyThairestaurantthatranksamongthetop10oftheworld's50bestrestaurantslist.HeadChefDavidThompson,whoreceivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestaurantofthesamename,openedthisbranchintheMetropolitanHotelin2010.IssayaSiameseClubIssayaSiameseClubisinternationallyknownThaichefIanKittichai'sfirstflagshipBangkokrestaurant.ThemenuinthisbeautifulcolonialhouseincludestraditionalThaicuisinecombinedwithmoderncookingmethods.Bo.LanBo.lanhasbeenmakingwavesinBangkok'sculinaryscenesinceitopenedin2009.Servinghard-to-findThaidishesinanelegantatmosphere,therestaurantistruetoThaicuisine'sroots,yetstillmanagestoaddaspecialtwist.Thisplaceisgoodforacandle-litdinneroraworkmeetingwithcolleagueswhoappreciatefinefood.Forthoseextremelyhungry,there'salargesetmenu.GagganEarningfirstplaceonthelatest“Asia's50bestrestaurants”list,progressiveIndianrestaurantGagganisoneofthemostexcitingvenues(場(chǎng)所)toarriveinBangkokinrecentyears.Thebesttableinthistwo-storycolonialThaihomeoffersawindowrightintothekitchen,whereyoucanseechefGagganandhisstaffinaction.Culinarytheateratitsbest.1．WhatdoNahmandIssayaSiameseClubhaveincommon?A．Theyadoptmoderncookingmethods.B．TheyhavebranchesinLondon.C．Theyhavetop-classchefs.D．Theyarebasedinhotels.2．Whichrestaurantoffersalargesetmenu?A．Gaggan.B．Bo.lan.C．IssayaSiameseClub.D．Nahm.3．WhatisspecialaboutGaggan?A．IthiresstafffromIndia.B．Itputsonaplayeveryday.C．Itserveshard-to-findlocaldishes.D．Itshowsthecookingprocesstoguests.Passage2HowtoseeLondonlikeaproWe'veexploredLondonthoroughlyandcomeawaywithquiteafewlessons.Hereareourtips.VisitingBuckinghamPalaceBeingLondon'smosticoniclandmark,thisgrand775-roombuildingiswhereQueenElizabethⅡhostsfeastsandmeetstheheadsofstate.Butifyou'redreamingoftakingavisittoit,you'llneedtoplanyourtripcarefully.ThepalaceistypicallyonlyopenduringthesummermonthsfromJuly23rdtoOctober3rd.Visitinghoursarefrom9：30a．m.to6：30p．m.Ifyou'revisitingwhenthepalaceisn'tavailabletovisitors,youcanstillseetheChangingoftheGuard.HittingtheLondonEyeTheLondonEyeisaplayfuladditiontothecityskyline.Standingnearcenturies-oldarchitecture,thisenormousFerriswheelgoesroundslowlyonthesouthbankoftheRiverThames,servingupviewsovertheLondonBridgeandtheShardtothewest,plusawideperspectiveofthePalaceofWestminster.Buyyourticketsinadvanceonline,chooseacleardayandgotherefirstthinginthemorningtoavoidpeaktimes.DrinkingafternoonteaAfternoontea—asacredritual(習(xí)俗)—isreasonenoughtocometoLondon.TheBritishhavetakenasimpleteabreakandturneditintoaluxuriousceremony,completewithpatternedchina,layeredplatesoffingersandwichesandsconeswithcreamandjam.Andwehaven'tmentionedthecakes,whichareoftenbroughtaroundonawheeledcart.Whenmakingareservation,rememberthatafternoonteaisn'tasnackbutafullmealwithsweetandsaltyelements,andyou'llbestuffed.Thesmartmoveistoskiplunchandmaybeevendinner.4．WhichisapropertimetovisitBuckinghamPalace?A．July.18,10：00a．m.B．Aug.23,8：30a．m.C．Sep.27,3：00p．m.D．Oct.2,7：30p．m.5．TheattractionoftheLondonEyeliesinthefactthat________．A．itprovidesagoodviewofsomeplacesofinterestB．itmakesLondon'sskylineseemmoreharmoniousC．itspinsquicklyonthesouthbankoftheRiverThamesD．itismorehistoriccomparedtothenearbybuildings6．WhatdoweknowaboutBritishafternoontea?A．Itisashortbreakwithlightsnacks.B．Itisafullmealwithvarioustastyfoods.C．Itcombinessourandsweetflavourswell.D．Itiscompletewithdelicatesilverdishware.Passage3Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'lldrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1，600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You'llheartheseparticipants'storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培養(yǎng))asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude(獨(dú)處)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspentonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.7．Whatisthebookaimedat?A．Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B．Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C．Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D．Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inParagraph3mean?A．Clear-up.B．Add-on.C．Check-in.D．Take-over.9．Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?A.Theoreticalmodels.B．Statisticalmethods.C．Practicalexamples.D．Historicalanalyses.10．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?A．Usethemasneeded.B．Recommendthemtofriends.C．Evaluatetheireffects.D．Identifytheideasbehindthem.Passage4Ice-coatedvines(葡萄藤)stretchedacrosshillsidesaroundChablis,France,astheregionhadatemperatureof－5℃onMonday.Fruitgrowersareworriedthatthefrostwillkillofflargenumbersofearlybuds(花蕾)anddisturbthewholegrowingseason.ThefrostisparticularlydisturbingafterasimilarphenomenonhitFrenchvineyardslastyear,leadingtosome2billioneurosinlosses.Scientistslaterfoundthatthedamaging2021frostwasmorelikelymadebyclimatechange.Somegrowerstriedtowarmthevineswithelectricallines,orsetupspecialwateringsystems,orspray(噴灑)thebudswithwatertoprotectthemfromfrost.Thewatercreatesathinlayeroficethatensuresthebuds'temperatureremainsaroundfreezingpointbutdoesnotdropmuchlower.Daniel-EtienneDefaix,whosevineyardhasbeenproducingwinefor400yearsandlivedthroughmanyclimatedisasters,callswhat'shappeningnow“avery,veryseriousfrost”.Heplacedcandlesonthesoiltoprotectaboutfivehectaresofhismostvaluablegrapes,buthadtoleavetheremaining25hectarestofacetheforceofnature.Atacostof10eurospercandle,and600candlesperhectare,itwastoocostlytosavetherestofthegrapes.The2021AprilfrostledtowhatFrenchgovernmentofficialsdescribedas“probablythegreatestagriculturaldisasterofthebeginningofthe21stcentury”.Thepatternwassimilar:anintenseApril6～8frostafteralengthywarmperiodinMarch.Theresearchersconcludedthatthewarmingcausedbyhumanshadcoaxedtheplantssothattheyexposedtheiryoungleavesearlierthanusual,beforeaburstofArcticcoldreachedEuropeinApril.11．WhatdidDaniel-EtienneDefaixdotoprotecthisvines?A．Heatthevineswithelectricallines.B．Spraythebudswithwater.C．Setupspecialwateringsystems.D．Warmthevineswithcandles.12．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Growerscansavemostoftheircrops.B．The2022frostistheworstinhistory.C．Humansaretoblameforthedamage.D．TheweatherwasnormallastMarch.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coaxed”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Protected.B．Dried.C．Tricked.D．Delayed.14．Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A．CausesforEarlyBuddingB．LateFrostThreatensVineCropsC．CreativeWaystoSaveVinesD．GlobalWarmingBringsExtremeWeatherPassage5Praisedas“EdgarSnowintheNewEra”，BritishjournalistAndrewMoodydevotedhimselftoaccuratelyreportingonChinaforoveradecade.BorninNottinghamshireinSeptember,1960,Moody'sinterestinjournalismbeganatage15.Whatcamenextwasastoriedcareerthatwouldlast4decades.AvisittoShenzhen,GuangdongProvince,in1997turnedhisattentiontoChina.Duringthatvisit,hewassurprisedbythegreatchangesthathadtakenplaceinChina.MoodybeganworkingforChinaDailyin2008.Inhis13yearsatthepaper,hepublishedmorethan1millionwordsinthenewspapergroup'sdifferentpublications.“Thesestoriesaimtoexplainthestrategies(策略)andaimsoftheChinesegovernmenttoawideraudience,andalsolookatthechallengesanddifficultiesitfaces，”Moodywrote.“IalsoattachimportancetoissueswhichgolargelyignoredinthemainstreamWesternmedia,whichoftenfailtoprovideafullortrueimage(形象)ofChina.”TobettercoverChina,Moodyreadalot.InhisBeijingapartment,thereweremorethan160booksaboutthenation.SuQiang,aChinaDailyeditorwhoworkedwithMoodyfor8years,said,“HereadallthebooksthattopexpertshadwrittenaboutChina,andhecloselyfollowedhowtheworldviewedChina.”Moodyalsolearnedtospeakputonghua,traveledtomostprovincesandautonomousregionsthroughoutChinaandexposedhimselftotheChinesewayoflife.“Chinaismovingintoanewerainwhichitismuchmoreconfidentaboutitspositionandstatusintheworld.Ihaveadefinitesenseofhistoryinthemaking，”saidMoody.Hehopedthathecouldbeoneofthewitnessesandreportersofthishistorictime.“Soevenwhenhewassufferingfromaseriousdisease,Moodystillsoldieredon.Allhecaredaboutwaswhetherhecouldkeeponworking，”saidWangLiping,Moody'sattendingdoctor.WhenhepassedawayinJune,2021,manypeopleweresad.“HisdeathwillbeahugelosstothosewhoareworkinghardonthedialoguebetweenChinaandtheoutsideworld，”saidKerryBrown,aprofessorofChineseStudiesatKing'sCollegeLondon.15．WhatcanbeknownaboutAndrewMoody?A．HemovedtoChinatoworkin1997.B．HereportedonChinaforfourdecades.C．HeconsideredEdgarSnowtobehisrolemodel.D．Hebegantoshowinterestinjournalismasateenager.16．WhatdidMoodydowhenhewasworkingforChinaDaily?A．Hedrewawideraudiencetothenewspaper.B．HereportedonthetypicalChinesewayoflife.C．HeaccuratelyintroducedChinatomorepeople.D．HecommunicatedwiththemainstreamWesternmedia.17．WhatdidMoody'sattendingdoctorthinkofhim?A．Fearless.B．Devoted.C．Optimistic.D．Ambitious.18．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A．Topraiseanhonorableforeignjournalist.B．TodescribeMoody'scolorfullifeinChina.C．TocorrectWesternmedia'simpressionofChina.D．ToshowanaccurateimageofChinatotheoutsideworld.Passage6Atjust19yearsold,Aki?aPetersteachesatacollege.Hespecializesinalanguagethatisthousandsofyearsold,theDakotalanguage,spokenbytheDakotapeople.“TheDakotalanguageis‘themostimportantaspect’ofDakotaculture.Withoutit,ourDakotaculturewouldnolongerexist，”P(pán)etersclaimed.“Iwasluckytogrowuparoundmanyfirst-languageDakotaspeakers.Butnowtheelderlycontinuallypassedawayandattheendoftheirlives,theyjustwantedtoknowtheirfamilieswouldcontinuetohavethelanguage.Oneoftheproblemsourpeoplehaveisfindingwaystogetat-lengthandconsistentexposuretothelanguage.”Asidefromgivinginstructionatthecollegelevel,Petersusessocialmediatosharevideosthatintegratehumor,culture,andbasic-levelconversationtohelpteachDakota.Inhisfreetime,hevisitsDakotaelders.Healsostartedanonlinegroupoftheyouthtoconverseandsharetheknowledgeofthelanguageinasafeandsupportivespace.Aki?aPeterswantstotelltheyouththatiftheywanttolearntheirownlanguage,sitwiththeireldersandlearnfromthem.Endlessvocabularysheetscoulddiscouragethemfromlearning.Standardscreatedbynon-speakerscouldalsodothat.“Withinthenextdecade,Iassume,I,mycolleagues,andotherDakota-learningrelativeswillhavechildrenandstartanewgenerationofDakota.IalsohopemybrothersandsisterswilltakethepathwelaidoutforthemandcontinuetolearnandspeakDakota.Onmyreservationtherearenumerousyoungpeopleworkingonthecomebackofthelanguage.I'mhopefulbecauseI'mdefinitelynotalone，”Aki?aPeterstoldTeenVogue.19．WhydoesAki?aPetersteachtheDakotalanguage?A．Toenrichhisexperience.B．Torecorditswrittenform.C．Topreventitdyingout.D．Tomakeitknownglobally.20．WhatcanwesayaboutAki?aPetersaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Learned.B．Creative.C．Approachable.D．Cooperative.21．WhatdoesAki?aPetersexpecttheyoungpeopletodo?A．Dealwithvocabularysheets.B．Sustainthegivenstandards.C．Communicatewiththeirelders.D．Learnfromtheirteachers.22．Whichsectionofawebsiteisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Research.B．Business.C．Fashion.D．Culture.Passage7Artificialintelligencehelpsteachersidentifywhichoftheirstudentshavelearningdifficulties,accordingtoanewstudy.TeachersmakemoreaccurateassessmentsoflearningdifficultiesamongtheirstudentsiftheyaregivenAI-generatedfeedback(反饋)ratherthanan“expertsolution”writtenbyaqualifiedprofessional.ResearchersbelievethatbecausetheAIanalyzedtheteacher’sownwork,it’seasierfortheteachertounderstandthana“modelanswer”preparedbeforehand.“Teachersplayacriticalroleinrecognizingthesignsofdisordersandlearningdifficultiesinpupilsandreferringthemtospecialists,”saidRiikkaHofmann.“Unfortunately,manyofthemfeelthattheyhavenothadsufficientopportunitytopracticetheseskills.AIcouldprovideanextralevelofindividualizedfeedbacktohelpthemdeveloptheseessentialcompetences.”Traineeteacherswereaskedtoassessfictionalizedstudentsforpotentiallearningdifficulties,basedonevidenceincludingexamplesoftheirwork,schoolbehaviorrecordsandwrittentextsofconversationswithparents.Halfofthetraineesreceivedthe“expertsolution”,typicalofthematerialgiventotraineeteachers,whiletheotherhalfreceivedAI-generatedfeedbackontheirapproach,highlightingwheretheycouldimprove.Thetraineesthencompletedsimilarfollow-upassessments,andweregradedbothontheaccuracyoftheirdiagnoses(診斷)andonhowwelltheyhadusedtheevidence.TraineeswhoreceivedtheAIfeedbackscoredsignificantlyhigherthanthosewhoworkedwiththepre-writtenexpertsolutions.WhiletheresearcherssaidthisdoesnotmeanAIispreferabletoone-to-onefeedbackfromaskilledexpert,thisisnotalwaysavailablefortraineeteachers.“WearenotarguingthatAIshouldreplaceteacher-educators:newteachersstillneedexpertguidanceonhowtorecognizelearningdifficultiesinthefirstplace,”saidDrMichaelSailer.“Itdoesseem,however,thatAI-generatedfeedbackhelpedthesetraineestofocusonwhattheyreallyneededtolearn.Whenpersonalfeedbackisnotreadilyavailable,itcouldbeaneffectivesubstitute(代替物).”23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto?A.Pupils. B.Teachers.C.Specialists. D.Researchers.24.WhatdidAIhelptraineeteachersknowinthestudy?A.Howwelltheyhadusedtheevidence.B.Whethertheexpertsolutionwasaccurate.C.Wheretheirapproachneedsimprovement.D.Whatfollow-upassessmentstheycompleted.25.WhatdoesDrMichaelthinkofAI?A.Itwilltaketheplaceofskilledexperts.B.Itactsasanexpertguidetotraineeteachers.C.Itisonlysuitablefornewteacherstouse.D.Itcanbeausefulteachingtrainingaid.26.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AIlocateslearningdifficultiesforthestudentsB.AIbecomesaneffectiveteachingtoolinschoolC.AIhelpsteachersspotstudentswithlearningdifficultiesD.AItrainsteachersinjudgingthelearningofthestudentsPassage8Everyholidayseason,PatriciaGallagherfillshercarwithstuffedanimalsanddrivesaroundPhiladelphia.Shegivesthemnottokidsbuttoseniors.Patricia’sholidaytraditionstartedin2009.“IjustgotthisideatocalltwonursinghomesatrandomandaskifIcouldcomeandreadItWastheNightBeforeChristmas,”shesaid.Shebroughtsomeofherkids’stuffedanimalsfortheseniorstoholdwhilesheread.“ButwhenIwenttogatherthemandtakethembacktogotothenextnursinghome,nobodywantedtogiveuptheirstuffedanimals,”sheadded.Itwasthenandtherethatsherealizedthepowerofasimpleholidaygift.Patriciawantedtocontinuehertraditionofgiving,sosheputanadonline,askingforgentlyusedstuffedanimals.Inherfirsttwoyearsofcollecting,shereceivedmorethan11,000donatedstuffedanimals.Shesaidsometimeslocalschoolswouldholdstuffedanimalcollectionsonherbehalf,orachildwhooutgrewtheirtoyswoulddonate.Afterreceivingtoomany,Patriciastartedcappinghowmanyshewouldcollectatatime,andsaidshecouldonlytakeinabout250stuffedanimalseachweekduringtheholidayseason.Then,shetookthemtonursinghomes.“Theelderlywantstuffedanimalsnotonlyforcomfort,buttheywereconversationstarters.Itremindedthemoftheirchildhood,”shesaid.Andsherecalledonemansaid,“Youknow,Ineverwantedtogotoschool.AndmyfathersaidifIwouldgothatday,hewouldtakemetotheBrooklynZoo.Andyouknowwhat?ThiswasthefirstanimalIsawthereanditlookedjustlikethisgiraffe.”Spreadingjoyisn’tjustaholidaypastimeforPatricia.Sheisalsoknownasthe“HappyFlowerLady”aroundPhiladelphia,becauseshecollectsoldflowersfromstoresandpassesthemouttoanyonewhoneedsapick-me-up.“Whenyougive,youreallydogetmoreback,”P(pán)atriciasaid.“Everymorning,whetherit’stheflowersorthestuffedanimals,Ihaveapurpose.”27.WhydidPatriciagotothenursinghomesin2009?A.Tosendgiftstotheseniors.B.Toreadastorytotheelderly.C.Togetoverherloneliness.D.Togetridofherkids’toys.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capping”inparagraph3mean?A.Limiting. B.Recording.C.Identifying. D.Doubling.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Seniorslovegoodolddays.B.Cuteanimalshavehealingeffectsonseniors.C.Givingmakesseniorshappy.D.Stuffedanimalshavemorethanonefunction.30.WhatdoesPatriciathinkofhergivingexperiences?A.Rewarding. B.Entertaining.C.Timely. D.Tough.Passage9WhenKimJi-unlivedinSeoul,sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now,sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.The23-year-oldstartedafarmlastyear.Herfirstharvestwasasuccess;shewassurprisedthatherblackbeansdidbetterthanherstrawberries.MsKimispartofaphenomenoncalledkwichon,orreturningtorurallife.Coinedamillenniumago,thetermcropsupduringperiodsofeconomichardship.Thistime,inthewakeofthepandemic,manynewfarmershaveneverlivedinthecountrysidebefore.Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas,thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinfuture.Theplanisworking.In2021nearly380,000peoplemovedtothecountryside.Comfortwithdigitaltechnologygivesyoungfarmersalegup,saysChoKyung-ik,thedirectoroftheBeginningFarmer’sCentre,aninstitutioneducatingthosewhowishtokwichonatitsdowntownoffices.TheysellfreshproduceonNaver,SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.

Thecentreteachestechniqueslikehowtouseatractor(拖拉機(jī))orselectthebestcrops.Itarrangesatrialperiodduringwhichambitiousfarmersworkundertheguidanceofanoldhand,learningwhatitmeanstodoback-breakinglabourfromdawntodusk.Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.Thevillagersarealsoofferedtipsonhowtoacttowardsthenewcomers.Thatpartisnotyetatotalsuccess.MsKimsaysherneighbourshaveabadtemper.“Theoldpeoplecomeinhereandgivemeunwantedadvice,orsaythatIwillneverbeabletogrowanything,”shesays.Herblackbeansbegtodiffer.SheandtheSouthKoreangovernmentwillbehopingthathercropsputtheargumenttorestforgood.31.WhydoesthewritertellMsKim’sstory?A.Tostartadiscussion.B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Toexplainasolution.D.Tomakeacomparison.32.Whatdoestheunderlined“alegup”inparagraph3mean?A.Anewidentity. B.Ahelpinghand.C.Abigreward. D.Adifferentidea.33.Whatisthechallengefortheyoungfarmers?A.Farmingtechniques.B.Hardwork.C.Communicativeskills.D.Unwantedadvice.34.WhatcanweinferfromkwichoninSouthKorea?A.Farmingmakeshugeprofits.B.Localsneedtechnicaltraining.C.Ithelpstoreviveruralareas.D.Thegovernmentshouldhelpfarmers.Passage10TherehavebeenafewtimesinmylifewhenIfeltverylonely.IparticularlyremembermylonelinesswhenImovedtoNewYorkCity.Ihadacoupleoffriendsinthecity;however,itwasatimeinmylifewhenIneededtoputforthsomeefforttoformmoremeaningfulrelationships.ButthemoreIwentouttoparties,themoredisconnectedandlonelyIfelt.Feelinglonelyinaroomfullofpeople,orinmycase,awholecitypackedwithpeopleeverywhere,wastheloneliestIhaveeverfelt.So,ratherthantryinganewwaytomakefriends,Iwasmorelikelytoignorephonecallsfromfriends,andIlookedatsocialinvitationsandopportunitiestomeetnewpeopleasdrudgery.Lookingbackonthisperiodofloneliness,IwonderatthewayIisolatedmyselfinsteadofreachingouttothosewhowerewillingtokeepmecompanyandofferfriendship.WhatIhavelearnedfrommyownexperienceandtheexperienceofmanyofmyfriendsisthatmoreoftenthannot,thosewhofeellonelychooseisolation.Indeedmanyofmyownfriendsdescribeavoidingsociallifeasawayofdealingwithfeelingsofloneliness.Thisbehaviorissomewhatcommon,andnewresearchtakesabigsteptowardsexplainingthisbehavior.Accordingtoleadingexpertsontheloneliness,StephanieandJohnCacioppo,thereisanevolutionaryexplanationforthistendencytoisolatewhenwearefeelinglonely.Bymonitoringlonelypeople’sbrainwaves,theyfoundthatlonelypeopletendtorespondnegativelytosociallife.“Lonelinesscausessomebrain-relatedchangesthatputusintoasociallynervousmode,”Dr.ChristianJarrettexplains.Makingourselvesawareofthisevolutionarynaturaltendencycouldactuallybethefirststepinfightingloneliness.Onceweknowthatwearemoresensitivetonegativityduringlonelyspells,wecanfocusourenergyonresistingthedesiretoputupwalls.35.WhathappenedtotheauthoraftershemovedtoNewYorkCity?A.Shehadnofriendsthere.B.Shelackedconfidencethere.C.Sheneededopportunitiesforparties.D.Shefeltlonelyevenwithpeoplepresent.36.Howdidtheauthortrytodealwithhersituation?A.Byrefusingtogoouttomeetothers.B.BylookingforsolutionsontheInternet.C.Bytryingvariousmethodstomakefriends.D.Bydoingsomedrudgerytoforgetherproblem.37.WhatdidStephanieandJohnCacioppofindintheirresearch?A.Lonelypeopletendtodisgustsociallife.B.Peoplerespondnegativelytolonelypeople.C.Lonelinesscandogreatharmtopeople’shealth.D.Lonelinesscanbecausedbyasociallynervousmode.38.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablywanttoshowinthetext?A.Weshouldn’tbeinfluencedbynegativity.B.Weshouldn’tchooseisolationwhenwefeellonely.C.Weshouldmakefriendsbasedonscientificfindings.D.Weshouldspendmoretimewithfriendsthanrelatives.Passage11Iknowitmaybehardtoconvinceyou,butletmetry:Don’tkillthenextspideryouseeinyourhome.Peopleliketothinkoftheirdwellingsassafelyseparatedfromtheoutsideworld,butmanytypesofspiderscanbefoundinside.Someareaccidentallytrapped,whileothersareshort-termvisitors.Somespeciesevenenjoythegreatindoors,wheretheyhappilyliveouttheirlivesandmakemorespiders.Thesefellowsareusuallysecretive,andalmostallyoumeetareneitheraggressivenordangerous.Andtheymaybeprovidingserviceslikeeatingpests—someeveneatotherspiders.MycolleaguesandIconductedavisualsurveyof50NorthCarolinahomes.Everysinglehousewevisitedwashometospiders.Themostcommonspeciesweencounteredwerecobwebspidersandcellarspiders.Bothbuildwebswheretheylieinwaitforprey(獵物)togetcaught.Cellarspiderssometimesleavetheirwebstohuntotherspiders.Althoughtheyareall-aroundpredators(捕食性動(dòng)物),tendingtoeatanythingtheycancatch,spidersregularlycaptureharmfulpestsandevendisease-carryinginsects—forexample,mosquitoes.There’sevenaspeciesofjumpingspiderthatpreferstoeatblood-filledmosquitoesinAfricanhomes.Sokillingaspiderdoesn’tjustcosttheinsectitslife;itmaytakeanimportantpredatoroutofyourhome.It’snaturaltofearspiders.Theyhavelotsoflegsandalmostallarevenomous—thoughthemajorityofspecieshavevenom(毒液)tooweaktocauseissuesinhumans,iftheirfangscanpierceourskinatall.Evenentomologiststhemselvescanfallpreytoarachnophobia(蜘蛛恐懼癥).Iknowafewspiderresearcherswhoovercametheirfearbyobservingandworkingwiththesefascinatingcreatures.Iftheycandoit,socanyou!39.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofspidersaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Theycanbetrappedeasily.B.Theyoftenattackhumanbeings.C.Theyarefriendlytohumanbeings.D.Theylivefarawayfromhumanbeings.40.Whatwillhappenifyoukillaspiderinyourhome?A.Loseagreatassistant.B.Catchmoreinsects.C.Developrarediseases.D.Rescueotherinsects.41.Howcanpeoplegetov