2023年全國英語等級考試考試試（四級）歷年真題匯編（共375題）

2023年全國英語等級考試考試試（四級）歷

年真題匯編

（共375題）

1、Whichofthefollowingmightbeanappropriatetireforthetext?（單選題）

A.TNFandTmmuneSystem

B.EnbrelversusMethotrexate

C.ArthritisDrugonPathtoApproval

D.StudyonRheumatoidArthritis

試題答案：C

2、（單選題）

A.casually

B.Objectively

C.readily

D.skillfully

試題答案：C

3、根據(jù)以下材料，回答｛TSE｝題

Inadditiontotheestablishedenergysourcessuchasgas,coal,oilandnuclear,thereareanumber

ofothersourcesthatweoughttoconsider.Twoofthesearehydroelectricandtidalpower.

Thesetwosourcesare22inthattheyarebothrenewable.

22,hydropowerismorewidelyusedthantidal.In

23,asubstantialamountofelectricityisalreadyproducedinllEP（hydroelectricpower）

stationsworldwide,24tidalstationsarestillintheveryearly25ofdevelopment.

Asfarasgeographical26isconcerned,HEPprojectsaretobefoundon.lakesandrivers,

whiletidal27areconstructedonlyatrivermouthswheretidal

28isgreat.Unfortunatelytheseare

29innumber.AtpresentHEPstationsarefoundmainlyinNorway,Canada,SwedenandBrazil,

whereastidalplantsarein30inFrance,RussiaandChina.Asregardscapital

31,bothrequireveryhighinvestment.Ontheotherhand,generating

32arequitelowinbothcases.Infact,alargescaleHEPp1antiscapab1eofproducingpowermore

33thanconventionalsources,suchascoal,oilandnuclearplants.Tidalpoweralsocompares

34withnuclearandoilgeneratedelectricity,35theamountofmoneyonproduction.

36HEPstations,tidalconstructionshavealonglife

37.ItisestimatedthattheycanoperateforoverlOOyears.Withrespectto

38ofsupply,tidalstations39fromHEPonesinthattheyoftencanonlysupplypower

40.HEPstations,however,provideaconstantsupplyofelectdcity.{TS}(單選題)

A.compatible

B.parallel

C.similar

D.identical

試題答案：C

4、根據(jù)以下材料，回答{TSE}題

OvershadowedbyrowsoverNigeriaandLockerbie,theCommonwealth，sattemptstorefocusontrade

andinvestmentthemainthemeoftheEdinburghheadsofgovernmentmeetingattractedlittleatten

tionandevenlesspraise.

Hopeswerehighthatthesummit，seconomicstatementwouldbeofsimilarweighttotheHarareDecla

ration,issuedinl991tomapoutapoliticalagendafortheexcolonialclubaftertheendofitspreo

ccupationwiththestruggleagainstseparateness.Butthepublicationofthestatementdidlittl

etodivertattentionfromrowsoverthetrialoftwoLockerbiebombsuspectsandoverthedecisionb

ytheCommonwealthMinisterialActionGroup(CMag)nottoimposenewsanctionsagainstNigeria.C

Magchosetoignorecal1sforNigeriaJsexpulsionandtheimpositionofanoi1embargo.Theyconclu

dedthatthesituationwouldbereassessedifGeneralSaniAbachafailedtohonorhispromisetohol

dfullydemocraticelectionsnextOctober.

ThePrimeMinister,tonyBlair,wasdelightedwiththesixdocument,enti11edPromotingSha

redProsperity.^Itsignalstheendofideologyandreflectsbasicprinciplesofeconomicandsoci

aljustice,,zzDowningStreetsaid.，zItwouldhavebeenunthinkableonlyashorttimeago.，zButthed

eclarationproducedfewsurprisesandmanyboringrepetitionsofstatementsbasedonaffirmatio

noffreemarketprinciplesintheglobaleconomy.

ItwasnevergoingtobeeasytobridgegapsbetweentheCommonwealth，s54members,

whichincludebothwealthycountries,suchasBritain,andsomeoftheworld，spoorest,suchasBan

gladesh.SoEdinburghstayedonsafeground,establishingfourkeyprinciples:OTheworldecono

myshouldbegearedtowardspromotinguniversalgrowthandprosperityforall;2)Theremustbeeff

ectiveparticipationbyallcountriesineconomicdecision-making;3)Theremovalofobstacles!

hatpreventdevelopingcountriesfromplayingafullpartinshapingtheglobaleconomy;4)Intern

ationalregimesaffectingeconomicrelationsamongnationsshouldprovidebenefitsforall.

Caribbeanmembersinsistedonareferencetotheirtroublesoverbananaexportsthreatenedbyane

wWor1dTradeOrganizationru1ing,andwonrecognitionoftheir^legitimateinterests^andthene

edforhelptodiversifytheireconomies.

PracticalmeasuresincludedadecisiontoestablishaCommonwealthTradeandlnvestment

AccessFacilitytohelpdevelopingcountriestakeadvantageofglobalization.

OneadditionalsourceofrevenuewasopenedupwiththecreationofanewfundfordevelopmentinSou

thAsianmembercountries.

TheWorldwideFundforNaturesaidtheCommonwealthhadnotmatcheditsrhetoricaboutthedangers

ofglobalisationbyfailingtopromisehigher-qualityinvestment,protectionfortheenvironme

ntandlabourrights.{TS}Theword"rows”（Linel,Paragraphl）mostprobablyrefersto（單選

題）

A.groupsofpeople.

B.noisyarguments.

C.subsequentevents.

D.tragichappenings.

試題答案：B

5、（單選題）

A.get

B.take

C.work

D.try

試題答案：C

6、Whichofthefollowingisthebestrifleforthetext?（單選題）

A.WhyVom?

B.HowtoVote?

C.WhomtoVotefor?f

D.DoElectionsWork?

試題答案：A

7、Bysaying“meyhadstruckscientificgold”（Linesl-2,Paragraph”），theauthormeansthat

（單選題）

A.theirdiscoveryearnedthemgreatfame.

B.theirfindingsenjoyedenormousmarketvalue.

C.theyacquiredvaluableresourcesfortheirstudies.

D.theyhadmadeasignificantdiscoveryintheirresearch.

試題答案：D

8、ThebookmakesnoreferencetoBartolomedelasCasasprObablybecausePaulJohnson（單選題）

A.isawriterfondofomissions.

B.isn'ttemptedtomakereferences.

C.bearsal1inbomhatredforhorrifyingevi1s.

D.doesn,twanttoseetheimageoftheUSstmned.

試題答案：D

9、WhichofthefollowingwouldCDCmostprobablyrecommend?（單選題）

A.Healthweighsmorethanwealth.

B.Preventionisbetterthancure

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Betterlatethannever.

試題答案：B

10、（單選題）

A.concentration

B.continuity

C.conformity

D.conductivity

試題答案：B

11、WhichofthefollowingCanserveasatitleofthistext?（單選題）

A.HardTimeforthePreschoolers

B.ProsperityofPrivateSchools

C.TheProblemforPublicSchools

D.AmericansJsNOlConcern

試題答案：A

12、（單選題）

A.small

B.few

C.rare

D.scarce

試題答案：A

13、（單選題）

A.operation

B.production

C.procession

D.action

試題答案：A

14、TheauthorthinksthattheOptimismtheoryisderivedfrom（單選題）

A.AmericansJculturalprideinovercomingeverything.

B.thebiologicalplausibilityofwillfulcontrolofcancer.

C.theassumedconnectionofmoodwithsomei1Inesses.

D.thescientificresearchesinthel970sand*80s.

試題答案：A

15、Platoheldthataperfectsocietyshouldbeonemarked,amongotherthings,by（單選題）

A.equalityandfreedom.

B.democracyandliberality.

C.intellectandhierarchy.

D.evolutionandflexibility.

試題答案：C

16、WhatdidBikostudyintheuniversity?（單選題）

A.Politics.

B.Blacknationalism.

C.Medicine.

D.Governmentpolicies.

試題答案：C

17、（單選題）

A.managed

B.achieved

C.succeeded

D.fulfilled

試題答案：A

18、（單選題）

A.domain

B.vicinity

C.context

D.surrounding

試題答案：C

19、（單選題）

A.therefore

B.nevertheless

C.anyway

D.moreover

試題答案：B

20、Theonlywaytoreversetheworseningsituationseemstobe（單選題）

A.apo1icyofgradua1ism.

B.sacrificeofpublicinterests.

C.radicalchangesofpolicy.

D.postponingofdrasticactions.

試題答案：C

21>TheEdinburghmeetingestablishedfourkeyprincipiesincluding（單選題）

A.allnationsshouldevenlybenefitfromtheworldeconomicgrowth.

B.a]Idevelopingcountriesshouldhavefullparticipationinshapingtheglobaleconomy.

C.wealthycountriesshouldtakethelead,indevelopingtheworldeconomy.

D.internationalregimesshouldbeabolishedincasetheyaffecteconomicrelations.

試題答案：B

22、Theword"premium”（Line6,Paragraphs）probablymeans（單選題）

A.difficulty.

B.emphasis.

C.limitation.

D.reward.

試題答案：B

23、根據(jù)以下材料，回答｛TSE｝題

Coinpetitionforadmissiontothecountry,stopprivateschoolshasalwaysbeentough,butthisyea

rElisabethrealizedithadreachedanewlevel.Ilerwake-upcal1camewhenamanca1ledtheDaltonSc

hoolinManhattan,whereElisabethisadmissionsdirector,andinquiredabouttheagecutofffort

heirkindergartenprogram.Afterprovidingthe

information,sheaskedabouttheageofhischild.Themanpausedforanuncomfortablylongtimebef

oreanswering.Z/Well,wedon，thaveachildyet.We'retryingtofigureoutwhento

conceiveachildsothebirthdayisnotaproblem.zz

WorriesarespreadingfromManhattantotherestofthecountry.Precisecurrentdataonprivatesc

hoolsareunavailable,butinterviewswithrepresentativesofindependentschoolsal1toldthe

samestory:anoversupplyofapplicants,higherrejectionrates.Z/Wehavepeoplecallingusforsp

otstwoyearsdowntheroad,^saidMarilynoftheSevenlli11sSchoolinCincinnati."Wehave

grandparentscallingforpregnantdaughters./，PublicopinionpollsindicatethatAmericans,No

.1concerniseducation.Nowthatthelongeconomicboomhasgivenparentsmoredisposable

income,manyareturningtoprivateschools,evenatpricetagsofwellover$10,OOOayear.''We1reg

ettingapplicantsfromabroaderareageographicallythanweeverhaveinthepast,〃said

BetsyoftheLatinSchoolofChicago,whichexperienceda20percentincreaseinapplicationsthis

year.

Theproblemfortheapplicantsisthatwhiledemandhasincreased,supplyhasnot.，zEveryyear,the

reareafewchiIdrenwhodonotfindplaces,butthisyear,forthefirsttimethatlknowof,there

areasignificantnumberwithoutplaces,/zsaidElisabeth.

Sowhatcanparentsdotogivetheir4-year-oldanedge?Schoolsknowthereisnoeasywaytopickacla

sswhenchildrenaresoyoung.Manyschoolsgivepreferencetochildrenoftheirgraduates.Somema

kethechoicebydrawinglots.

Butmostrelyonamixofsubjectiveandobjectivemeasures:teststhatatbestidentifydevelopmen

talmaturityandcognitivepotential,interviewswithparentsandobservationofapplicants

inclassroomsettings.Theyalsowantadiverse,mix.Chi1drenmayenduponawaitinglistsimplybe

causetheirbirthdaysfallatthewrongtimeofyear,orbecausetoomanyapplicantswereboys.

Theworstthingapatentcandoistopressurepreschoolerstoperform-forexample,bypushingthem

toreadordomathexercisesbeforethey，reready.Instead,theexpertssay,parentsshouldtakeab

reathandlookforalternatives.Anotheryearinpreschoolmaybeallthat,sneeded.

{TS}Fromthistextwelearnthatitis.（單選題）

A.hardertomakeachoicebetweenpublicandprivateschools.

B.hardertogotoprivateschoolsthisyearthanbefore.

C.moredifficulttogotopublicschoolsthantoprivateschools.

D.asdifficulttogotoprivateschoolsthisyearasbefore.

試題答案：B

24、（單選題）

A.informed

B.accepted

C.understood

D.diversified

試題答案：B

25、toavoidtheriskofpoor1ytimedinvestments,oneshould（單選題）

A.adoptdollar—costaveragingstrategy.

B.setalimittohisinvestmentatregularintervals.

C.suppressthetemptationtodropoutuntimely.

D.stopbuyingshareswhenthepricesaretoohigh.

試題答案：B

26、（單選題）

A.Like

B.Except

C.Regarding

D.With

試題答案：A

27、（單選題）

A.down

B.up

C.away

D.inside

試題答案：C

28、Frontotemporaldementiaisadisease（單選題）

A.identifiedwithlossofmemory.

B.causingdamagetocertainpartsofthebrain.

C.whosepatlentsmaydeve1opnewtalents.

D.whosesymptomsaresimilartothoseofAlzheimer,spatients.

試題答案：C

29、根據(jù)以下材料，回答題Whydidthepoliceofficerstopthedriver?（單選題）

A.rnledriverexceededthespeedlimit..

B.Thedriverdidn,tstopatthezebracrossing.

C.Theofficerwasconductingaroutinecheck.

D.Theofficerfoundthecar,sbrakelightswereout.

試題答案：A

30>TravelersnowbetievethattherootcauseforfailuresofBritishrai1wayis（單選題）

A.itsstructuraldesign.

B.thepursuitofprofit.

C.itsinefficientnetwork.

D.thelackofsafetyguarantees.

試題答案：B

31、根據(jù)以下材料，回答題WorldAIDSDayisadayto（單選題）

A.considerthetreatmentofindividualswiththeAIDSvirus.

B.showtheimportanceoftheAIDSAssociation.

C.callondoctorstoplacemoreimportanceonAIDSpatients.

D.celebratetheachievementsinthecontrolofAIDS.

試題答案：D

32、TheWor1dBankdreamsofawor1dwithout.（單選題）

A.inequality

B.poverty

C.oppression

D.conflicts

試題答案：B

33、（單選題）

A.operation

B.production

C.procession

D.action

試題答案：A

34、Agoodcriticalthinkeralways（單選題）

A.involvesmoredirectobservationsthanpurereasoning.

B.takesallargumentforgrantedatthebeginning.

C.beginswithaskepticalattitudetowardsanargument.

D.putsmo11emphasisonintellectualvalues.

試題答案：C

35、（單選題）

A.interference

B.statement

C.coverage

D.image

試題答案：C

36、（單選題）

A.chance

B.look

C.measure

D.choice

試題答案：A

37NTheexpressionucookingupv（Line2,Paragraphs）indicatesthattheauthor（單選題）

A.doubtsthevalidityofthepreviousscientificexplanations.

B.thinksthenewdiscoverieshavepracticalsignificance.

C.regardspreviousecologicalstudiesassimplystory-making.

D.considersthosenewdiscoveriesnolongerholdwater.

試題答案：A

38、（單選題）

A.experiments

B.comments

C.approaches

D.investigations

試題答案：c

39>Theonlywaytoreversetheworseningsituationseemstobe（單選題）

A.apo1icyofgradua1ism.

B.sacrificeofpublicinterests.

C.radicalchangesofpolicy.

D.postponingofdrasticactions.

試題答案：C

40、Whenleftunmonitored,technologicalinnovationsmaybringabout（單選題）

A.collisioninhumansociety.

B.decreaseinworkingefficiency.

C.threattohumanvalues.

D.poorergovemmentaladministration.

試題答案：c

41>Educationforeducalionfssakewasprobablyopposedby（單選題）

A.scholarsintheRenaissanceperiod.

B.JillKerConway.

C.scholarsintheDarkAges.

D.Plato.

試題答案：D

42、（單選題）

A.onaccountof

B.intermsof

C.regardlessof

D.inspiteof

試題答案：B

43、（單選題）

A.before

B.by

C.with

D.round

試題答案：D

44、（單選題）

A.universal

B.prevalent

C.traditional

D.representative

試題答案：c

45、（單選題）

A.simulated

B.handled

C.practiced

D.understood

試題答案：D

46、Theword"genocide”（Line8,Paragraphs）mostprObablymeans（單選題）

A.killingofpeopleofaparticularrace.

B.driving-outofnativeinhabitants.

C.extinetionofawholegeneration.

D.assimilationofethnicgroups.

試題答案：A

47、（單選題）

A.about

B.around

C.to

D.from

試題答案：C

48、HowmanywomenwereinfectedwiththeAIDSviruslastyear?（單選題）

A.2million.

B.4million.

C.19mi1lion.

D.39million.

試題答案：A

49NInthecaseofCaesarBorgia,theauthoroholdsthat（單選題）

A.Machiavellihasbeenobjective.

B.Machiavellirevealedhispersonality.

C.CaesarBorgiawasadeservedmodel.

D.MachiaveIfioverva1uedCaesarBorgia.

試題答案：A

50、Whydidthedrivermentionhiswife?scousin'shusband?（單選題）

A.toprovehisconnectionwiththeofficer.

B.toshowhimselfasaninfluentialman.

C.toinfluencethepoliceofficer.

D.toestablishanewfriendship.

試題答案：A

51、（單選題）

A.perpetual

B.consistent

C.prosperous

D.temporary

試題答案：A

52、根據(jù)以下材料，回答｛TSE｝題

Inthe400sBC,theSophists,agroupofwanderingteachers,begantoteachinAthens.TheSophistsc

laimedthattheycouldteachanysubjectorskilltoanyonewhowishedtolearnit.Theyspecialized

inteachinggrammar,logic,andrhetoric,subjectsthateventuallyformedthecoreoftheliberal

arts.TheSophistsweremoreinterestedinpreparingtheirstudentstoarguepersuasivelyandwin

argumentsthaninteachingprinciplesoftruthandmorality.

UnliketheSophists,theGreekphilosopherSocratessoughttodiscoverandteachuniversalprinc

iplesoftruth,beauty,andgoodness.Socrates,whodiedin399BC,claimedthattrueknowledgeexi

stedwithineveryoneandneededtobebroughttoconsciousness.Hiseducationalmethod,calledth

eSocraticmethod,consistedofaskingprobingquestionsth.atforcedhisstudentstothinkdeepl

yaboutthemeaningof1ife,truth,andjustice.

ln387BCPlato,whohadstudiedunderSocrates,establishedaschoolinAthenscalledtheAcademy.

Platobelievedinanunchangingworldofperfectideasoruniversalconcepts.Heassertedthatsin

cetrueknowledgeisthesameineveryplaceateverytime,education,liketruth,shouldbeunchang

ing.PlatodescribedhiseducationalidealinTheRepublic,oneofthemostnotableworksofWester

nphilosophy.Plato*sRepublicdescribesamodelsociety,orrepublic,ruledbyhighlyintellige

ntphilosopher-kings.Warriorsmakeuptherepublic*ssecondclassofpeople.Thelowestclass,t

heworkers,providefoodandotherproductsforallthepeopleoftherepublic.InPlato,sidealedu

cationalsystem,eachclasswouldreceiveadifferentkindofinstructiontopreparefortheirvar

iousrolesinsociety.

In335BCPlato,sstudent,Aristotle,foundedhisownschoolinAthenscalledtheLyceum.

Believingthathumanbeingsareessentiallyrational,Aristotlethoughtpeoplecoulddiscovern

aturallawsthatgovernedtheuniverseandthenfollowtheselawsintheir1ives.Healsoconcluded

thateducatedpeoplewhousedreasontomakedecisionswouldleadalifeofmoderationinwhichthey

avoideddangerousextremes.

Inthe4thcenturyBCGreekoratorlsocratesdevelopedamethodofeducationdesignedtopreparest

udentstobecompetentoratorswhocouldserveasgovernmentofficials.Isocrates'sstudentsstu

diedrhetoric,politics,ethics,andhistory.Theyexaminedmodelorationsandpracticedpublic

speaking.Isocrates'smethodsofeducationdirectlyinfluencedsuchRomaneducationaltheoris

tsasCiceroandQuintilian.{TS}WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheSophists?（單選題）

A.Theirroachingmmedouttobepersuasive.

B.TheirschoolswerelocatedmostlyinAthens.

C.Theyunderminedthemoralityofthesocietyoftheirtime.

D.Theyexertedconsiderableinfluenceoverlatergenerations.

試題答案：D

53、Agoodcriticalthinkeralways（單選題）

A.involvesmoredirectobservationsthanpurereasoning.

B.takesallargumentforgrantedatthebeginning.

C.beginswithaskepticalattitudetowardsanargument.

D.putsmollemphasisonintellectualvalues.

試題答案：C

54>ThesentenceWehavepeop1e,??downtheroad（Line4,Paragraph2）probablymeans（單選

題）

A.wehavepeoplecallingUSforparkingspacetwoyearsaheadoftime.

B.peoplecalledUSforpermissiontousetheplacestwoyearsa90.

C.wereceivedcalIsfrompeop1edowntheroadtwoyearsa90.

D.peoplecalledUSforschoolvacanciestwoyearsinadvance.

試題答案：D

55、WhatdoweknowabouttheWorldBankmembercountries?（單選題）

A.Theyhaveequalsay.

B.T1leydecideonthebank*swork.

C.Theyaretheboardmembers.

D.Theyaleitsshareholders.

試題答案：D

56、（單選題）

A.Allinall

B.Inaddition

C.Incase

D.Afteral1

試題答案：D

57、Whathaveresearchersfoundintheirstudiesofhandpreference?（單選題）

A.Childrendon,tshowstronghandpreferenceuntilsix.

B.Childrenunderthreetendtohaveafavoriteeyeandear.

C.Thereareasmanymaleleft-handersasfemaleones.

D.Left—handersaremoreinterestingthanfight—handers.

試題答案：A

58、（單選題）

A.imagine

B.infer

C.locate

D.confer

試題答案：B

59、（單選題）

A.that

B.much

C.far

D.so

試題答案：D

60、（單選題）

A.consequence

B.reality

C.essence

D.contrast

試題答案：A

61、（單選題）

A.argue

B.prove

C.test

D.confLrm

試題答案：c

62、ThewaypeoplehavebeentreatingColumbusstoryindica.testheirviewof（單選題）

A.theAmericanschooleducation.

B.greatheroesinAmericanhistory.

C.thedevelopmentofAmericanhistory.

D.theAmericansocietyatpresent.

試題答案：C

63、（單選題）

A.reasonable

B.credible

C.revolutionary

D.attractive

試題答案：C

64、根據(jù)以下材料，回答｛TSE｝題

PaulJohnson'sAHistoryOfTheAmericanPeopleiswhatwehavecometoexpectfromthispro-ductive

writer-clear,colorfulnarrative,vividcharactersketches,marvelousresearch,sweeping,c

onfidentstatements,andaninsistentconservativeviewpointwhichtemptshimintoseriousomis

sions.Hewillnot

concealhisopinions,hetellsus.Good.ThenwecanjudgehishistoryfreeofpretencestoObjectiv

ity-hisorours.

Almostatstart,wenoticesomethinginteresting:Johnsonpassesquicklyoveradef，mingmo-ment

inAmericanhistory-theColumbusstory-importantbecauseitisthefirstlessoneveryAmer-ic

anschoolchildlearns.Howyoutreatthatstory-whatyouchoosetotellofit-signalsyourviewo

fthelongerAmericanexperience,reachingtoourtime.

Inschooltextbooks,Columbushasalwaysbeenpresentedasahero.Onlyrecentlyhasanewsetoffac

ts-alwaysavailablebutignored-beguntogetintopublicattention:thatColumbus,onlanding

,anddesperateforgold,encounterednativeAmericanswhowerepeacefulandgenerous（byhisowna

dmission）andtorturedthem,

kidnappedthem,enslavedthem,murderedthem.John-son,whogoesintomuchdetailaboutothermat

ters（1ikeRonaldReagan，sjokes）issilentonthis.Amonghisnumerousreferencesthereisnoneto

BartolomedelasCasas,aneyewitness,whode-scribedindetailthehorrifyingevilscommittedby

Columbusandhisfellowmenagainstthelndians,whichresultedinthenativepopulationofHispan

iolabeingwipedout-一genocideisanappropriateterm-bytheyearl550.

Isuggestthisisnotaninnocentomission.Johnsonwantsustolookpositivelyonthehistoryofthe

UnitedStates.Yes,hesays,therewere^severewrongs*committedin^thedispossessionofanativ

e

peoplezzandintheinstitutionofslavery.ButhastheUS,heasksatthestartofhishook,，zmadeupfo

ritsorganicsinsz"?Hiswholebooksuggeststhatithas,andthatindoingsoithasbe-come（hesaysa

ttheend），zahumanachievementwithoutparallel..,thefirst,besthopeforthehu-manracez，.

SinceJohnsonhasdecidedthattheUSis，zthefirst,besthopeforthehumanrace^,hehasshapeditsh

istoryaccordingly.Ifweprefertoseethathistoryasacomplexandunfinishedstruggleof

Americansforjustice,againstmi1itarism,foreconomic,racialandsexualequality,wearebadl

yservedbyaflatteringadmirationofthoseinpower,pretendingtobeahistoryof，zthepeoplez，.

{TS}Thefirstparagraphshowsthattheauthor'

sopinionofthebookAHistoryofTheAmericanPeopleis（單選題）

A.critical.

B.Objective.

C.defensive.

D.admiring.

試題答案：B

65>Accordingtotheauthor.theconcernoverthecurrentsituationinedschoolsis（單選題）

A.well-grounded.

B.unnecessary.

C.widespread.

D.ill-founded.

試題答案：A

66、（單選題）

A.spending

B.planning

C.financing

D.saving

試題答案：A

67、（單選題）

A.perspective

B.wade

C.business

D.skill

試題答案：A

68、（單選題）

A.unpack

B.unroll

C.untie

D.unfold

試題答案：D

69、（單選題）

A.for

B.via

C.at

D.from

試題答案：B

70、根據(jù)以下材料，回答｛TSE｝題

Giventhefactthateachpersonisonlyoneofapproximately90millionvotersinthiscountry,does

itmakesensetobelievethatoneperson，sparticipation,onevote,wi1Ihaveanyimpactonamajore

lection?Simplytoraisethequestion/zWhatifeveryonefeltthesameway?z，doesnotremovetheling

eringimpressionthatasinglepersonismadetofeelinsignificantbytheenormousnumberofpeopl

ewhodogotothepolIs,especia11yinanationa1e1ection.

Supportersoftherulingelitetheoryinsistthateventhoughvotersaregivenachoiceamongcandi

elates,theirchoiceisrestrictedtoanarrowrangeofsimilarmindedindividualsapprovedbyther

ulingelite.Electionsdonotexpresswhatmostpeoplewantorneed,nordotheyprovideguidancefo

rpoliticians（eveniftheywantit）onwhatpoliciestoenact.Inthisview,electionsareprimaril

yjustritualsthatperformasymbolicfunctionforsociety.

Still,sincemostpeoplecontinuetoshowfacesatthepollsatonetimeoranother,whatargumentsc

anbemadeinfavorofvoting?Oneargumentisthatvotingdoeshavesignificance,ifnotinindividu

alimpact,theningrouppressure.Becausecitizenscollectivelyhavethepowertogiveorwithhol

dvotes,theydirectlycontroltheterminofficeofelectedofficials.Evenifthechoiceisbe-twe

enTweedledeeandTweedledum,Tweedledeeknowsthatonemustbeaccountableandthisisfixedbyla

w,andthatminimal1yheorshemuststrivetoavoiddispleasingtheconstituentstolosethejob.

Butperhapspoliticaleffectivenessandimpactinvotingarenottheonlyconsiderationanyway.P

eopledonotvoteonlytoinfluencepolicy.Mi1lionsgototheefforttoregisterandvoteforavarie

-tyofotherreasonsaswell.Somepeoplemayparticipatejusttoavoidfeelingguiltyaboutnotvot

ing.Theymayhavebeentaughtthatistheirpatrioticdutytovoteandthattheyhavenorighttocomp

lainabouttheoutcomeiftheystayathome.Stillothersmayvotetoderivesatisfactionfromfeeli

ngthattheyaresomehowparticipants,notjustspectators,inanexcitingelectoralcontest.

Eveniftheironevotemaynotbecrucialtotheoutcome,itneverthelessaffirmstheirroleinandsu

pportforthepoliticalprocess.Indeed,perhapsitisthisfJmalneedthatfuelsthedesireforful

Idemocraticparticipationamongpeopleinmanynationsoftheworld.

{TS}Whatisthetruenatureofelectionsaccordingtotherulingelitetheory?（單選題）

A.Theyareroutinepracticesinamodemsociety.

B.Theyarepoliticalgatheringforasmallnumberofpeople.

C.Theyaredeceptiveschemesmanipulatedbytherulingparty.

D.Theyarechancesforthosewhowanttouttertheirwishes.

試題答案：A

71、（單選題）

A.declares

B.denies

C.promises

D.argues

試題答案：D

72、Itcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat（單選題）

A.theEdinburghsummitfmledtohandletheissueoftradeandinvestments.

B.the.Edinburghsummitstrivedtoavoidpublicattention.

C.themeetinginEdinburghhasintendedtosettletheissueofNigeria.

D.theeffortsinEdinburghharvestedasmuchasthoseinHarare.

試題答案：A

73、（單選題）

A.discussing

B.predicting

C.assessing

D.questioning

試題答案：c

74、（單選題）

A.call

B.reason

C.hint

D.measure

試題答案：D

75、（單選題）

A.discussing

B.predicting

C.assessing

D.questioning

試題答案：C

76、AccordingtoGeraldCorbett,Britishrai1wayisstruetured（單選題）

A.forthebenefitofcommuters.

B.totheadvantageofthegovernment.

C.fortheeffectofbettercoordination.

D.asareplacementoftheprivatesystem.

試題答案：B

77、（單選題）

A.managed

B.achieved

C.succeeded

D.fulfilled

試題答案：A

78^Whatisthepossib1econnectionbetweenmammalsanddinosaurs?（單選題）

A.Mammalswereunderdinosaursfrulemostofthetime.

B.Mammalsmighthavecontributedtotheevolutionofdinosaurs.

C.Dinosaursfailedinthecompetitionwithmammalsforfood.

D.Babydinosaurswerethemainsourceoffoodformammals.

試題答案：B

79NWhatistheproblemsome1eft-handersmightsufferfrom?（單選題）

A.Slownessincommunication.

B.Awkwardnessinaction.

C.Speechdefect.

D.Difficultyinwriting.

試題答案：C

80、（單選題）

A.providec!

B.since

C.whereas

D.though

試題答案：c

81、根據(jù)以下材料，回答｛TSE｝題

ForcenturiesthemostvaluableofAfricanresourcesforEuropeansweretheslaves,butthesecoul

dbeobtainedatcoastalports,withoutanyneedforgoingdeepinland.Slaveryhadbeenanestablis

hedinstitutioninAfrica.Prisonersofwarhadbeenenslaved,aswerealsodebtorsandindividua1

sguiltyofseriouscrimes.Buttheseslavesusuallyweretreatedaspartofthefamily.Theyhadcle

arlydefinedrights,andtheirslavestatuswasnotnecessarilyinherited.Therefore!tiscommon

lyarguedthatAfrica，straditionalslaverywasmildcomparedtothetrans-Atlanticslavetradeo

rganizedbytheEuropeans.Thisargument,however,canbecarriedtoofar.Inthemostrecentstudy

ofthissubject,somescholarswarnedagainsttheillusionthat^cruelanddehumanizingenslavem

entwasamonopo1yoftheWest.Slaveryinitsextremeforms,includingthetakingoflife,wascommo

ntobothAfricaandtheWest.ThefactthatAfricanslaveryhaddifferentoriginsandconsequences

shouldnotleadustodenywhatitwas-theexploitationandcontrolofhumanbeings.z，Neithercanit

bedeniedthatthewholesaleshipmentofAfricanstotheslaveplantationsoftheAmericaswasmade

possiblebytheparticipationofAfricanchiefswhoroundeduptheirfellowAfricansandsoldthem

asahandsomeprofittoEuropeanshipcaptainswaitingalongthecoasts.GrantingalIthis,thefac

tremainsthatthetrans-AtlanticslavetradeconductedbytheEuropeans

wasentirelydifferentinquantityandqualityfromthetraditionaltypeofslaverythathadexist

edwithinAfrica.FromthebeginningtheEuropeanvarietywasprimarilyaneconomicinstitutionr

atherthansocial,asithadbeeninAfrica.Westernslavetradersandslaveownerswereactedonbyp

urelyeconomicconsiderations,andwerequitereadytoworktheirslavestodeathifitwasmorepro

fitabletodosothantotreatthemmoremercifully.Thisinhumanitywasreinforcedbyracismwhent

heEuropeansbecameinvolvedintheAfricanslavetradeonalargescale.Perhapsasasubconscious

rationalizationtheygradua11ycametolookdownonNegroesasinheren11yinferior,andtherefor

edestinedtoservetheirwhitemasters.Rationalizationalsomayhavebeeninvo1vedintheEurope

ans*useofreligiontojustifythetrafficinhumanbeings.Itwasargued,forinstance,thatensla

vementassuredtheconversionoftheAfricanevil-believingreligionstothetruefaithaswellas

tocivilization.（TS｝Inthefirstparagraph.theauthorarguesthat（單選題）

A.theEuropeanswereinnocentinthetradeofAfricanslaves.

B.slaveryinAfricaandintheWestwasthesameinnature.

C.theviewinthemostrecentstudiesofenslavementisbaseless.

D.slaveshadbeentreatedevenmorecruellyintheAfri