雨課堂學(xué)堂云公共英語(yǔ)(下)生活英語(yǔ)讀寫(xiě)期末復(fù)習(xí)題(含答案)

期末考試復(fù)習(xí)題【含答案】生活英語(yǔ)讀寫(xiě)

(1)單選題

Part1:VocabularyandStructure(60%)

1.Accidentsfromcarelessness.

Arise

Braise

Carise

Dincrease

(2)單選題

Thereareworktobedonebeforethebuildingcanbeusedforliving.

Avaluable

Bessential

Cresponsible

Duniversal

(3)單選題

Motherwasfullofforthesickchild.

Aconcern

Bmanagement

Cregard

Dworship

(4)單選題

Ifyougetlostjustaskoneofthefordirections.

Alocals

Bindividuals

Ccolleagues

Dprinciples

(5)單選題

Computerscanmanydifferenttasks.

Aform

Breform

Cperform

Dinform

(6)單選題

Thereisnobesttothisproblem.

Afeature

Bsolution

Cpenalty

Dsection

(7)單選題

Itisanemptyhut,butatleastitofferedusa

Ahouse

Broof

Cshelter

Dscene

(8)單選題

Moremoneywillbeputintoscientificresearchinthisuniversity.

Amethods

Boutcomes

Cprojects

Dphrases

(9)單選題

Myisthatexportswilldoubleoverthenextfiveyears.

Amotive

Bexpectation

Cnotion

Dcuriosity

(10)單選題

,Policedriversfortravellingtoofastinthefog.

Aevaluated

Banalyzed

Cjudged

Dcriticized

(11)單選題

.Theyounggirlisnotwithherpresentjob,andshehasdecidedto

findamorechallengingone.

Acontent

Binterested

Cexcited

Danxious

(12)單選題

.InChinamalesaregivensubtle,sometimespreferenceineducation,

jobselectionandpromotion.

Aevident

Bobvious

Cdistinct

Dintentional

(13)單選題

.Georgewasvery；wewouldnothavedoneagoodjobwithouthim.

Ahelpful

Bbeneficial

Csignificant

Dfriendly

(14)單選題

.Thefingerprintsofnotwopersonsare.

Aidentical

Bequivalent

Cequal

Dsimilar

(15)單選題

.IfonlyI'dtakenfrommymother,Iwouldn'tbeinsuchadifficulties

now.

Aheart

Bcouncil

Caccount

Dcounsel

(16)單選題

.Thisisareallytough,andIbelieveTedistheonlypersonwhocan

handleit.

Aresponsibility

Bassignment

Cposition

Dselection

(17)單選題

.ItrytomyfriendshipwithSarah,butit'sdifficulttokeeparelationship

goingwhenweareseparatedbysuchalongdistance.

Amaintain

Brespond

Crevise

Ddeprive

(18)單選題

.Hewasadmissionoftherestaurantfornotwearingatie.

Adenied

Bgranted

Cacquired

Dappealed

(19)單選題

.Thatrestaurantdoesn'tacceptreservationsforsmallgroups.The

numberofpeopleinyourpartymustbefive.

Avague

Bcomplex

Ccurrent

Dminimum

(20)單選題

.Allthestaffmembersareencouragedtointhedecisionmaking

process.

Aparticipate

Bsend

Ccompete

Dfill

(21)單選題

Youshouldn'tallowyourjobtoyourlifelikethat.

Aguide

Brule

Coverlook

Ddominate

(22)單選題

.Robert'soflifeislargelyaresultofhisstricteducation.

Aphilosophy

Bscene

Csight

Dexpectation

(23)單選題

.Medicalshowsthatmenaremorelikelytohaveheartattacksthan

women.

Aevidence

Btrace

Cindication

Dsymbol

(24)單選題

.Somecriticshavethatthefilmlacksoriginality.

Aexplained

Bcommented

Cclaimed

Dannounced

(25)單選題

.Weaskallex-traineestoprovideuswitha(n)ofthecoursesthey

took.

Aappreciation

Bevaluation

Crealisation

Dadmiration

(26)單選題

.Theimportanceofinteriordesignbecomeswhenwerealizehow

muchtimewespendsurroundedbyfourwalls.

Aattractive

Bappropriate

Cevident

Dobscure

(27)單選題

.Mysisterdoesn'tcaremuchaboutthecolourofwhatshewears,butsheis

veryaboutthestyle.

Aparticular

Bpeculiar

Cspecial

Dunusual

(28)單選題

.Toone'sboss,anemployeeshoulddressneatly,beandshow

interestinthejob.

Ainstant

Btimely

Cpunctual

Dquick

(29)單選題

.Hewasenoughtolosehisjobwhenthebabywasdue.

Aunfortunate

Bsad

Cupset

Duneasy

(30)單選題

.Thepriceofthesecond-handpianoisrelativelyrecently.

Acheap

Bexpensive

Ccostly

Dlow

(31)單選題

.Theyarethattheriverwouldflood.

Afearful

Bterrible

Cawful

Dcrazy

(32)單選題

.Freshairistogoodhealth.

Afundamental

Belementary

Cbasic

Dimportant

(33)單選題

.Itisvitalthatfoodandshelteraremadeforpeopleintheflood-

strickenarea.

Afree

Buseful

Cavailable

Dusable

(34)單選題

.Thosewhodolaborshouldberegardedthesameasthosewhodo

mentallabor.

Avisual

Bpainful

Cvivid

Dphysical

(35)單選題

.Themostthinginthisisthatoneisnotallowedtousehisnative

languageonhisnativeland.

Alaughable

Bridiculous

Cfunny

Dreasonable

(36)單選題

.ItisthatJapanproducesfinecameras.

Afamous

Bremarkable

Cpopular

Dwell-known

(37)單選題

.Mr.Wrightwasthepresident.

Aprevious

Bbefore

Clatter

Dformer

(38)單選題

.It'sofhertorefusetoadmitthatsheiswrong；sheisverystubborn.

Acharacteristic

Bpeculiar

Cspecific

Dparticular

(39)單選題

.Iamverytoyouforyourhelp.

Athankful

Bpleased

Cagreeable

Dgrateful

(40)單選題

.Aftercriminalswerecaught,theywereaccusedandputon.

Atrial

Bsentence

Cdeath

Dtorture

(41)單選題

.Thecareofthebodyrequiresanunderstandingofitsneeds,

allowingforvariationsresultingfromclimate,ageoroccupation.

Aproper

Btender

Cwarm

Dmild

(42)單選題

.Aftertherecentbombattacks,thepublicarebeingwarnedtobeat

alltimes.

Aafraid

Bawake

Calert

Dashamed

(43)單選題

.Abalanceddietisachievedbyanamountoffoodoneeats.

Aextra

Benough

Cextraordinary

Dappropriate

(44)單選題

.TheconcernofChinatodayistodevelopitseconomy.

Aprimitive

Boriginal

Celementary

Dprimary

(45)單選題

.Thethreeboysweregivenworkaccordingtotheirabilities.

Arespectful

Brespectable

Crespective

Dresponsible

(46)單選題

Itisthebusinessofthepolicetopreventanddetectcrimeandofthelaw

courtstopunish.

Acrime

Boffence

Csin

Dfault

(47)單選題

PrincessDianaalwayswearsbeautiful.

Aclothing

Bcloth

Cclothes

Ddress

(48)單選題

Theclubwasorganizedonavoluntary.

Abase

Bbasis

Cfoundation

Dreason

(49)單選題

.Hesettleddownathisdesktoworkouttheexact

Afigures

Bnumbers

Cfatigue

Dcalculation

(50)單選題

.Atfirstitseemedthatthebuildingwouldbeallrightbutlateritwasfoundto

need.

Aillustrations

Binnovations

Cmodifications

Dinstallations

(51)單選題

.Magnificentviewsoverthecountrysidehaveoftenpeopletowrite

poems.

Apersuaded

Bconvinced

Cinduced

Dattracted

(52)單選題

.Theplanislikelytomeetwiththeoftheminister.

Aapproval

Bagreement

Cpermission

Dapproach

(53)單選題

Wecanonlygiveyouthenumberofrefugeescrossingtheborderat

themoment.

Aimaginary

Bimpartial

Capproximate

Dobscure

(54)單選題

Throughexposuretoair,water,andorganicmatter,rockschanges

knownasweathering.

Atransform

Bundergo

Cundertake

Dsuspend

(55)單選題

.Theofficewasinastateof,andhecouldn'tfindathingthathe

lookedfor.

Adisorder

Bsequence

Corder

Dconfusion

(56)單選題

.ManynewcomerscomplainoftherapidoflifeinHongKong.

Aspeed

Bgrowth

Cpace

Drate

(57)單選題

.Walkingdownthestreet,shenoticedalongofhouses,allexactly

alike.

Arow

Btrain

Crank

Dqueue

(58)單選題

.Insomecitiesitisverydifficulttohaveatelephone,andpeoplehave

towaitalongtimebeforetheycangetaphone.

Arepaired

Bequipped

Cinstalled

Dassembled

(59)單選題

.upchildrenproperlyismainlytheirparents'duty.

ARaising

BBringing

CRearing

DGrowing

(60)單選題

.Peoplewithanyonewhoisalwaystalkingabouthowwonderfulheis.

Acatchup

Bkeepcompany

Cgetfedup

Dfallin

(61)單選題

Part2:Cloze(20%)

Passage1

WhatdowemeanbyaperfectEnglishpronunciation?Tosomedegree,there

areas(61)differentkindsofEnglishastherearespeakersofit.Notwo

speakersspeakitinexactlythesame(62).Wecanalwaysheardifferences

betweenthem,andthepronunciationofEnglishvariesagreatdealindifferent

(63).HowdowedecidewhatsortofEnglishtouse(64)amodel?Thisisnot

aquestionthatcanbe(65)inthesamewayforallforeignlearnersofEnglish.

IfyouliveinapartoftheworldlikeIndiaorWestAfrica,wherethereisalong

traditionofspeakingEnglishforgeneralcommunicationpurposes,youshould

(66)agoodvarietyofthepronunciationofthisarea.Itwouldbea(67)hereto

useasamodelBBCEnglishoranythingofthesort.(68),ifyouliveina

countrywherethereisnotraditionaluseofEnglish,youmusttakeasyour

modelsomeformof(69)Englishpronunciation.Itdoesn't(70)verymuch

whichformyouchoose.Themostimportantthingtodoistotakeasyour

modelthesortofEnglishyoucanhearmostoften.

61.

Agreat

Bmore

Cmany

Dmuch

(62)單選題

Acategory

Bsort

Ctype

Dway

(63)單選題

Aareas

Bparts

Cclasses

Dspaces

(64)單選題

Alike

Bas

Cfor

Dof

(65)單選題

Aasked

Banswered

Cgiven

Dsolved

(66)單選題

Ahave

Barrange

Cspeak

Dacquire

(67)單選題

Amistake

Bwrong

Cfault

Dwaste

(68)單選題

AOntheonehand

BOntheotherhand

CForonething

DForanother

(69)單選題

Anational

Bprofessional

Cnative

Dintensive

(70)單選題

Aobserve

Baid

Cadapt

Dmatter

(71)單選題

Passage2

OnApril1st,acountrybuswasgoingalongawindingroadwhenitslowed

downandstopped.Thedriver(71)turnedonswitchesandpressedbuttons,

butnothinghappened.Thenhe(72)thepassengerswithaworriedlookonhis

faceandsaid,"Thispoorbusisgettingold.Itisnotgoingaswellasit(73).

Thereisonlyonethingtodoifwewanttogethometoday.Ishallcountthree,

and(74)theword'three',Iwantyoualltoleanforwardassuddenlyasyou

can.Thatshouldgetthebus(75)again,butifitdoesnotwork,Iamafraid

thereisnothingelseIcando.Now,allofyou(76)backasfarasyoucanin

yourseatsandgetready."

Thepassengersall(77)pressedbackagainsttheirseatsandwaited

anxiously.

Thenthedriverturnedtohisfrontandasked,"Areyouready?"

Thepassengershardlyhadenough(78)toanswer,11Yes."

"One!Two!Three!"countedthedriver.Thepassengersallswungforward

suddenly------andthebusstartedupatagreatrate.

The(79)breathedmoreeasilyandbegantosmilewithrelief.Buttheirsmile

turnedto(80)andthendelightedlaughterwhenthedrivermerrilycried,"April

Fool!"

71.

Ahurriedly

Bimpatiently

Canxiously

Delegantly

(72)單選題

Aturneddown

Bturnedin

Cturnedup

Dturnedto

(73)單選題

Ausedto

Bwasusedto

Ceverdid

Dwasableto

(74)單選題

Aat

Bwith

Cupon

Dagainst

(75)單選題

Amaintained

Brepaired

Cserved

Dstarted

(76)單選題

Alay

Blean

Cqueue

Dresort

(77)單選題

Aobjectively

Bnormally

Cobediently

Dpassively

(78)單選題

Astrength

Bcourage

Cpurpose

Dbreath

(79)單選題

Adriver

Bpassengers

Ccrew

Dcompanions

(80)單選題

Asurprise

Bcry

Cinterest

Dpain

(81)單選題

Part3:ReadingComprehension(20%)

Passage1

Thisisanopenlettertothethreepeoplewhostolemyhandbagfromthe

departmentstoreIamemployedasashopassistant.

Whenyoutookmybag,Idon'tknowwhatyouthoughtyouweregoingtoget.

Withmywages,there'snotmuchleftonaTuesday.Ihopethe￡5wasuseful

toyou.Ihaveinformedthesocialsecurityofficesoyouwon'tbeabletocash

thechildbenefitnextweek.Ihopethatwon'tleaveyoutooshort.Butifyou

reallyneedacoupleofpounds,Isupposeyoucouldalwayscashoneofthe

twochecksleftinmycheckbook.Ofcourse,Iphonedthebankrightaway

andthecheck-cashingcardisnolongervalid,soitwon'tbemuchusetoyou.

ActuallyIdon'tmindaboutthemoneytoomuch.Wesingleparentswhowork

tosupportourfamiliesunderstandonlytoowellwhatitmeanstobeshortof

cash.However,Idon'tsupposeitwentveryfaramongthethreeofyou.Sorry

aboutthat!

Iwishyouhadleftthebagbehindandjusttakenthewalletandcheckbook.

Therewereallkindsofpapersinit,andnotesandthingsthatIreallyneed.I

reallythinkthatwasveryinconsiderateofyou.Imean,howwouldyoulike

somethinglikethattohappentoyou?

Well,perhapsthebagwillturnup.Itwasn'tevenanexpensiveone,justa

plain,oldbrownleathershoulderbag.Youprobablydumpeditinthenearest

rubbishbinorthrewitintothebushes.We'velookedaround,ofcourse,butno

onesawwhichwayyouwentafteryoulefttheshop.

I'mnotreallyangrywithyou.Iknowhowthepressuresofmodernlivingcan

affectus,butIamsadatthelossofmypersonalthings.Ifeelviolatedand

helpless.Thepolicewereveryicy,andtheyjustshruggedtheirshoulders.

"Ithappensallthetime,"theytoldme.Somesmallcomfort,Isuppose.But

I'velostjustalittlemorefaithinhumannature.Andasmyyoungsonsaid

whenItoldhimwhathadhappened,"Why?Mummy,whyus?"Icouldn't

answerthatquestion.Iwonderifyoucan.(384words)

81.Thewriterwrotethisletterprobablybecauseshewantedto.

Abringattentiontotheinconveniencethelossofherbaghascaused

Btellpeopletobecarefulinthedepartmentstore

Ccomplainaboutwhathashappenedtoherinthedepartmentstore

Dgivethethreethievesaseriouswarning

(82)單選題

.Whichofthefollowingitemismorevaluabletothewriter?

ACashinherbag.

BThehandbagitself.

CChequebooksinthebag.

DAllkindsofpapersandnotesinthebag.

(83)單選題

.Fromthepolice'sresponsewecansaythat.

Atheymaythinkshehasn'tlostmuch

Btheycan'tfindthethievesforher

Cthereislittlehopeoffindingthebaganyway

Dtheydon'ttakeitseriously,assuchcaseshappenquiteoften

(84)單選題

.Thewriterseemsto.

Afeelshamefulforthethieves

Bfeelangryatthethieves

Cfeelsadatlosinghermoney

Dthinkthatthepolicearereallyunderstanding

(85)單選題

.Thetoneofthepassageis.

Asatiric

Bserious

Chumorous

Dfunny

(86)單選題

Passage2

"WhenyoucomebacktoEnglandfromanyforeigncountry,youhave

immediatelythesensationofbreathingadifferentair.Eveninthefirstfew

minutesdozensofsmallthingsconspiretogiveyouthisfeeling.Thebeeris

bitterer,thecoinsareheavier,thegrassisgreener,theadvertisementsare

moreblatant.Thecrowdsinthebigtowns,withtheirmildknobbyfaces,their

badteethandgentlemanners,aredifferentfromaEuropeancrowd."

Orwellwasright;Englandisdifferent,too.InEnglandeventhepolicemenare

polite.TheEnglishdon'tlikeanyonewhohasbadmanners,althoughtheycan

beveryrudethemselvesattimes.Theyareveryfriendly-andyettheyare

famousfortheirreserve.YoumightfindEnglishconversationdeadlydull,

whileothersfindtheEnglishthewittiestnationunderthesun.Onethingyou

willnoticestraightaway:perfectstrangerswillsay"goodmorning"toyouand

starttalkingabouttheweather.WhenyouwalkintoashopinEngland,the

shopkeeperwillsay"Goodmorning"or"Goodafternoon"andwhenyougohe

willsay"Goodbye".Bytheway,Idon'tthinkthelocalnewsagenthasfallenin

lovewithyouifhecallsyou"dear"or"love".Heisjustbeingfriendly.

Asarulepeoplearenothostileoraggressivetowardsstrangers.Ifyoubump

intosomeoneinthestreets,heorsheisboundtosay"Sorry".It'sasifthe

Englishwereterriblyafraidofoffending.Soevenifit'snotyourfault,theywill

saysorry-justtobeonthesafeside."Sorry"isoneofthefewwordsyoucan

notdowithoutinEngland;youwillneeditatleasttwentytimesaday.

Apartfrom"sorry",thetwomostimportantwordsintheEnglishlanguageare

"please"and"thankyou".Youmustknowthemandusethem-unlessyou

wanttobethoughtrude.Englishpeopleenjoytalking.Whereveryouare,you

won'tfindithardtogettalkingtopeople.Ifyouwanttostartaconversation,

starttalkingabouttheweather.TheweatheristheEnglishman'sfavoritetopic

ofconversation.Afterdiscussingthesunandrain,peoplecanthenmoveon

toothertopics-iftheywantto.(378words)

86.Accordingtothewriter,mostEnglishpeople.

Anevershowtheirfeelings

Bhavethewittiestmind

Caredifferentfromoneanother

Darepoliteandfriendly

(87)單選題

.Theword"perfect"canbebestreplacedby.

Aexcellent

Bcomplete

Ckind

Dexact

(88)單選題

.Whenthelocalnewsagentcallsyou"dear"or"love”,he

Ajustwantstobefriendly

Bisjusttryingtobepolite

Chasfalleninlovewithyou

Dhasregardedyouasagoodfriend

(89)單選題

.Ifyoudon'twanttobethoughtrudeinEngland,youhaveto.

Asaysorryevenifit'snotyourfault

Bsay"goodmorning"toperfectstrangers

Ckeepusing"sorry","please"and"thankyou"

Duse"sorry","please"and"thankyou"twentytimesaday

(90)單選題

.Theweatheris.

AsomethingimportantintheEnglishlanguage

BtheEnglishman'suniquetopicofconversation

Cthestartingtopicforpeopletomoveontoothertopics

DsomethingforyoutostartaconversationwithanEnglishman

(91)單選題

Passage3

Behindthephrase,"keepingupwiththeJoneses",liesahumanstorythatis

found,inoneformoranother,ineverycountryoftheworld.

IntheUnitedStatesmanyhavebeentoldthatanyonecanbecomerich

andsuccessfulifheworkshardandhassomegoodluck.

Yes,gettingrichcreatessomeproblems.Whenonebecomesrich,hewants

peopletoknowit.Andevenifhedoesnotbecomeveryrich,hewantspeople

tothinkthatheis.That'swhat"KeepingupwiththeJoneses"isabout.Itisthe

storyofsomeonewhotriestolookasrichandassuccessfulashisneighbors.

Theexpressionwasfirstusedin1913byastrugglingyoungAmericanbythe

nameofArthurMomand.Hetoldthestoryabouthimself:Hebeganearning

$125aweekattheageof23.Thatwasalotofmoneyinthosedays.Young

Momandwasveryproudofhisriches.Hegotmarriedandmovedwithhis

wifetoaverywealthyneighborhoodonLongIsland,outsideNewYorkCity.

Butjustmovingtherewasnotenough.ForwhenMomandandhiswifesaw

thattheirneighborsbelongedtoacountryclubtheytoojoinedacountryclub.

Andwhenhesawthatrichpeoplewereexpectedtoridehorses,Momand

wenthorsebackridingeveryday.Momandandhiswifealsohiredaservant

andgaveverygrandpartiesfortheirnewneighbors.

Itwaslikearace,butonecouldneverfinishthisracebecauseonewas

alwaystryingtokeepup.Momandandhiswifecouldnotdothat.

Theraceendedforthemwhentheycouldnolongerpayfortheirnewwayof

life.Theylefttheirwealthyneighborhoodandmovedbacktoaninexpensive

NewYorkapartment.

Momandlatersaidthathisexperiencehadbeenacruelawakeningforhim.

Neverthelss,hewasabletoseethefunnysideofit.Helookedaroundhim

andnoticedthatmanypeopledothingsjusttokeepupwiththeirneighbors.

Hedecidedthatthiswouldmakeagoodcomicseriesfornewspapers.Soin

1913hestartedwritingoneappearedinmanypapersacrossthecountry.He

calledit"KeepingUpwiththeJoneses",because"Jones"isaverycommon

nameintheUnitedStates."KeepingupwiththeJoneses"cametomean

keepingupwiththepeoplearoundyou.Momand'sseriesappearedin

differentnewspapersacrossthecountryforover28years.

PeopleneverseemtogettiredofkeepingupwiththeJoneses.Thatisone

reasonwhytheyreadthe"right"books,gotothe"right"universitiesandeatin

the"right"restaurants.

Everycityhasanareawherepeoplewanttolivebecauseotherswillthink

betterofthemiftheydo.Andthereare"Joneses"ineverycityoftheworld.

ButonemustgettiredoftryingtokeepupwiththeJoneses,becauseno

matterwhatonedoes,Mr.Jonesalwaysseemstobeahead.(530words)

91.WhydopeoplewanttobekeepingupwiththeJoneses?

ATheywanttoappearsuccessfuleveniftheyarenot.

BTheyonlywanttolookasrichandsuccessfulasanybodyelse.

CTheywanttoworkhardinordertobecomerichandsuccessful.

DTheywantpeopletoknowthattheyarerich.

(92)單選題

.ThemainreasonforMomand'smovingtoLongIslandisthat.

Ahewantstojoinacountryclub.

Bhewantstocatchupwithhiswealthyneighbors

Cheenjoysthepartiesgivenbysomewealthyfamilies

Ditiseasierforhimtogohorsebackridingeveryday

(93)單選題

.MomandmovedbacktoaNewYorkapartmentasaresultof.

Alackingmoneytokeepuptherace

Bwantingtosavemoneyforotherpurposes

Cgettingtiredofcomparingwithhiswealthyneighbors

Drealizingthatshowingoffhisrichesismeaningless

(94)單選題

.Inthepassage,"theJoneses"mayreferto.

AonespecialfamilyinNewYork

Btheauthorofthepassage

Cthepeoplewholivearoundyou

Donetypeofpeoplewhoenjoyscomparingwiththeothers

(95)單選題

.Theauthorsuggeststhat.

Aonecanneverkeepupwiththeothers

Boneshouldalwaysdothellright"things

Citissillytotrytokeepupwiththeneighbors

Donewillthinkbetterofhimselfwhenhedoesthe"right"thing

(96)單選題

Passage4

AU.S.malebroughtupontheEastCoastofAmericastandseighttotwenty

inchesawayfromanothermalewheninconversation.Intalkingtoawoman

hewillincreasethedistancebyaboutfourinches.Tostandatadistanceof

aboutthirteeninchesusuallyhasasexualoraggressiveconnotation.

However,inmostpartsofLatinAmericathirteeninchesisjusttheright

distancewhentalkingwithaperson.WhenamanbroughtupinaLatin

AmericanenvironmenttriestotalktoamanbroughtupontheEastCoastof

theUnitedStatesaninterestingthinghappens.TheLatinwilltrytomaintain

whatheconsiderstherighttalkingdistance.TheAmericanwillstepback.

Bothwillfeeluncomfortablewithoutquiteunderstandingwhy.Alltheyknowis

thatthereissomethingwrongwiththeotherone.Mostculture-blindLatins

feelthattheAmericansarewithdrawnanduncommunicative.Mostculture-

blindAmericansthinkthatLatinsarepushy.

InmostAmericanurbanareas,tobetwominuteslateforanappointmentisall

right.Threeminutesissignificant,butanapologyisnotexpected.Afterfive

minutesthelatercomermuttersanapology.InmostLatincountriesafive-

minuteunitisnotimportant,anapologyisexpectedonlyforatimeunitlonger

thantwentyminutes.Latins,influencedbytheirownculturalconditioning,feel

thatAmericansarenotpoliteandareobsessedwithtimebecausethey

expectpersonswithwhomtheyhaveappointmentstobeatacertainplaceat

preciselyagiventime.ApersonunfamiliarwithNorthAmericancultural

conditioninghasdifficultyrealizingthatAmericanshandletimemuchlike

sometangiblematerial-spendingit,takingit,usingituporwastingit.

Differentpeoplelivealmostliterallyindifferentworlds,notjustthesameworld

withdifferentnamesattached.Thebarriersbetweencultureswouldperhaps

berelativelyunimportantifonlyafewpeoplewerecrossinginternational

borders.Butpeopletheworldoverareonthemovetodayasneverbefore,

travelingforbusinessandmoreforseeingandexperiencingotherwaysoflife.

Allthishasitsobviousbenefits.Atthesametime,however,therearesome

dangers,particularlyforapersonwhoplanstospendanyappreciableamount

oftimeinanotherculture.Oneofthesedangersisthesenseofconfusionand

misunderstandingthatsocialpsychologistscallcultureshock.

Apersonwhoentersaforeigncultureordinarilypassesthroughthreephases

ofadjustment.First,heisaspectator;heobserveswhatisgoingonaround

himbutdoesnotparticipate.Second,hebecomepersonallyinvolvedinthe

waysoftheforeigncultureandtriestocometotermswiththem.Finally,either

hewillhavemasteredthenewsituationandwillgetalongsmoothlyinthenew

cultureorhewillrealizethathisowncultureistheonlyworkableoneforhim.

Inthefirstphase,thatofspectator,theinitialreactiontoanewcountryislikely

tobeoneofcuriosityanddelight.Everythinglooksinteresting.However,a

fewweeks'timechangeone'sperceptionoftheenvironment.Livingina

countryisquitedifferentfromjustvisitingit.Asthepersonbeginstomoveinto

thesecondandmostdifficultphase,thatofparticipationandpersonal

involvementintheunfamiliarculture,hebecomesawareofthedifferences

thatexistbetweenhimselfandthepeoplewithwhomheisliving.The

situationswhich,inhisfirstphaseasspectator,wereinterestingarenow

incomprehensibleandperhapsevenunpleasant.Hefeelsthathecan'tget

throughtothemandhebecomesuneasyandinsecurebecausehedoesn't

knowtherightwayofdoingthings.

Cultureshockisprecipitatedbythedistressingfeelingsofuncertaintyand

anxietythatresultfromnotfindingallthefamiliarsymbols,signs,andcues

thatguideapersonthroughherownculture.Shefindsherselfhavingtousea

differentdesignforliving.Shedoesn'tknowwhatpeopleexpectofherand

whatsheshouldexpect.Sheisnotsurewhentoshakehands,howmuchto

tip,wheretobuythingssheneeds,orwhattosaytowaiters,andshefinds

thatthesocialetiquetteshehaslearnedisnolongeruseful.

Cultureshockisoftenaccompaniedbyalinguisticshockthatmakesiteven

moredifficulttocrosstheculturalbarriers.WhenIwassufferinglinguistic

shock,Englishsentencewouldsoundtomelikealong,unpronounceable

stringofharshnoises.AtthattimeIdeeplyregrettedthatIhadchosento

learnEnglishinsteadofsomesensiblelanguage.Icouldn'tseewhythe

Englishpeoplehadtousetheseodd,barbaricutterancesinsteadofspeaking

withnormalhumanwordslikeeveryoneelse.Isometimeshadthefeelingthat

AmericansspokeEnglishinordertoconfuseunsuspectingforeigners.

96.Thestatement"theLatinwilltrytomaintainwhatheconsiderstheright

talkingdistance"impliesthattheLatinwill.

Akeepsteppingbackuntilthetalkingdistanceisaboutthirteeninches

Btrytokeepthetalkingdistanceataboutthirteeninches

CkeepmovingforwarduntiltheAmericanstepsback

Dwillincreasethedistancebyaboutfourinches

(97)單選題

.Accordingtothepassage,cultureshockis.

Athecuriousanddelightfulreactiontoaforeignculture

Boneofthedangersforapersonwhoisgoingtoliveinaforeigncountry

C