高考英語復習-第1部分-基礎知識考點-Unit-1-Festivals-around-the-wor

1/38Ⅰ.高考單詞→識記·思索·利用1.關鍵詞匯①________n.&

vt.&vi.收獲；收割②________vi.&vt.使餓死③________vt.&vi.淹沒；溺死；淹死④________vt.擦；揩；擦去⑤________n.陰謀；惡作劇；竅門

vt.坑騙；詐騙⑥________vt.取得；得到⑦________vt.&vi.&n.搜集；集合；聚集2/38⑧________n.獎；獎品

vt.授予；判定⑨________vt.提醒；使想起⑩________vt.(forgave，forgiven)原諒；饒恕?admirevt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕________adj.令人稱贊，令人欽佩?permissionn.許可；允許________v.許可；允許?apologizevi.道歉；辯白

________n.道歉答案①harvest

②starve③drown

④wipe

⑤trick

⑥gain⑦gather

⑧award

⑨remind⑩forgive

?admirable

?permit?apology3/382.?？荚~匯 ①originn.________________ ②beliefn.________________ ③arrivaln.________________ ④energeticadj.________________energyn.________________ ⑤fooln.________________vt.________________ vi.________________adj.________________4/38⑥agriculturen.________________agriculturaladj._______________⑦independencen.______________independentadj._____________答案①起源；由來；起因②信任；信心；信仰③到來；抵達；抵達者④充滿活力；精力充沛；主動活力，干勁，精力⑤愚人；白癡；受騙者愚弄；坑騙干傻事；開玩笑傻⑥農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝；農(nóng)學農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)藝⑦獨立；自主獨立；自主5/38用所給單詞適當形式填空1.Thetotalrisein________(agriculture)incomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.(·江蘇，閱讀C)2.Itcanmakepeoplemore________(energy).(·四川，閱讀D)3.Theyarecollectedfromtheairportupon________(arrive)andbroughttotheiraccommodationincomfort.(·天津，閱讀A)4.Itwastimealsofortheyoungpandatobe________(independence).(·四川，語法填空)6/385.Chimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways，like________(gather)inwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.(·江蘇，閱讀B)6.Theeffectofcowsmilk________(harvest)atdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow.(·四川，閱讀D)7.Yourartskillsareexcellentand________(admire)，whichleavesmeadeepimpression.(·天津，書面表示)

8.Somevolunteersholdthe________(believe)thattheywillbetheheroesofhumanbeingsiftheysucceed.7/389.I________(apologize)toherforsteppingonherfoot，butshedidn’tacceptmy________(apologize).10.Peoplearenot________(permit)inwithout________(permit).答案1.agricultural

2.energetic3.arrival

4.independent

5.gathering

6.harvested

7.admirable8.belief

9.apologized；apology10.permitted；permission8/38【聯(lián)想·積累】?“騙，坑騙”家族①cheatv.坑騙，欺詐，作弊

n.坑騙(行為)；騙子②trickvt.坑騙；詐騙

n.陰謀；惡作?。桓[門③foolvt.愚弄；坑騙

n.愚人

④deceivev.坑騙；蒙騙⑤playatrickon搞惡作?。辉p騙⑥makeafoolof愚弄，坑騙9/38?“信任”家族①beliefn.信任；信心；信仰②faithn.信任；信念；信仰③trustn.&

vt.信任④convincevt.使確信；使信服⑤relyv.信任，信賴⑥confidencen.信任，信賴10/38?含-ious必備形容詞一覽①ambitious有雄心，野心勃勃②cautious小心，慎重③conscious有意識④envious忌妒，猜忌⑤industrious勤奮⑥mysterious神秘11/38?慣用“情感”名詞集錦①pleasure愉快②happiness高興③shock震驚；難過④sorrow悲傷；悲痛⑤sadness悲傷；難過

12/38Ⅱ.重點短語→識記·思索·利用1.動詞＋介詞/副詞 ①dress________穿上盛裝；打扮；裝飾 ②turn________出現(xiàn)；到場 ③set________出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引發(fā) ④remind...________...使……想起……

答案①up

②up

③off

④of13/382.動詞＋名詞(＋介詞) ①take________發(fā)生 ②keepone’s________守信用；推行諾言 ③holdone’s________屏息；屏氣 ④have________with玩得開心 ⑤playa________on搞惡作劇；詐騙；開玩笑

答案①place

②word

③breath④fun

⑤trick14/383.其它形式 ①________memoryof紀念；追念 ②look________to期望；期待；期望

答案①in

②forward15/38用左欄所給短語適當形式填空1.Confuciusbelievedkniveswould________people________killings.(·全國Ⅲ，語法填空)2.ElNi?o(厄爾尼諾)____________almosteveryyearallovertheworld.(·江蘇，閱讀C)3.Onceyouhavepromisedtodosomething，youshould__________.4.It’salreadyhalfpastten，butshehasn’t____________yet.5.ThefestivalofHalloweenhaditsoriginasanevent____________thedead.答案1.remind；of

2.takesplace

3.keepyourword

4.turnedup

5.inmemoryof16/38【聯(lián)想·積累】“動詞＋sb＋of”短語集錦①accusesbof控告某人犯某罪，指責某人做某事②curesbof治好某人某?、踨idsbof使某人擺脫某物④cheatsbof坑騙某人某物⑤remindsbof使某人想起某事物⑥informsbof通知某人某事⑦robsbof搶劫某人某東西

⑧warnsbof警告某人某事⑨convincesbof使某人確信某事⑩tellsbof和某人說起某事

17/38Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式→識記·思索·利用原句背誦感悟1.Somefestivalsareheldtohonourthedeadortosatisfytheancestors，whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.

有些節(jié)日，是為了紀念死者，或者使祖先得到滿足，因為祖先們有可能回到世上(給人們)提供幫助，也有可能帶來危害。2.Onthisimportantfeastday，peopleeatfoodintheshapeofskullsandcakeswith“bones”onthem.在這個主要節(jié)日里，人們會吃顱骨形狀食品和裝點有骨頭蛋糕。18/38句型公式仿寫1.either...or...要么……要么…… ①Whenthegirlishappy，she________________(不是唱就是跳). ②________________(不是他就是我)goingtothelaboratory.2.with復合結構 ①Mr.Wangenteredtheclassroom________________(手里拿著字典). ②Theoldmanwassittingthere________________(背朝門).答案1.①eithersingsordances②EitherheorIam

2.①withadictionaryinhishand

②withhisbackto/towardsthedoor19/38【聯(lián)想·積累】◆either...or...使用方法小結(1)either...or...要么……要么……；不是……就是……；或者……或者……，慣用來連接兩個性質(zhì)相同詞或短語。either...or...除可連接兩個詞或短語外，有時也可連接兩個句子。(2)若連接兩個主語時，其謂動應與最近一個主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即“就近標準”。(3)有類似使用方法還有：neither...nor...；notonly...butalso...；not...but...；...or...；therebe句型等。20/38[單

詞

點

睛]1.gainvt.取得；得到

n.贏利，利益；財富增加 [教材原句]IndiahasanationalfestivalonOctober2tohonourMohandasGandhi，theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia’sindependencefromBritain.

印度在10月2日有個全國性節(jié)日，紀念莫漢達斯·甘地，他是幫助印度脫離英國而獨立領袖。高考必備詞匯——精講精練

21/38gainsthby經(jīng)過……獲益gainsthfrom從……中獲益gainweight增加體重gainone’srespect/love/trust取得某人尊敬/愛戴/信任22/38單句語法填空/單句改錯/寫作利用①Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegain________pastexperiences.(·全國Ⅰ，七選五)②Youcangainbyothers’respectifyoucanapologizefrankly.③Thereisnothing____________(從……中得到)delayingthedecision.答案①from

②去掉by

③tobegainedfrom23/382.apologizevi.道歉 [教材原句]Well，hewasnotgoingtoholdhisbreathforhertoapologize.他不想屏息等她來道歉。(1)apologizetosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人道歉apologizetosbthat...向某人道歉……(2)apologyn.道歉；辯白make/offeranapologytosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人道歉24/38單句語法填空/單句改錯/寫作利用①Laterthatmorning，Dariosuggestedthattheywritealettertotheirneighboursandapologize________theirplaying.(·北京，完形)②It’sobviousthathedeliberatelydestroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapologize.③Thewaitress________________(因……而向我道歉)makingamistakeaftershechargedme100yuanforjustonetinofcoke.答案①for

②apologize→apology/apologizing③apologized(made/offeredanapology)tomefor

25/383.admirevt.贊美；欽佩；羨慕 [教材原句]ChinaandJapanhavemid-autumnfestivals，whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina，enjoymooncakes.中國和日本都有中秋節(jié)，這時，人們會賞月。在中國，人們還品嘗月餅。(1)admiresbforsth因某事欽佩某人admiresbas...欽佩某人是……(2)admirationn.欽佩，贊賞；引人贊美人或物admirableadj.令人欽佩；值得贊美admirern.贊賞者；羨慕者；追求者26/38【尤其提醒】(1)admire后不接雙賓語或that引導賓語從句，但可接疑問詞引導從句。(2)admire后不接帶不定式復合結構，即不說admiresbtodo...，可用admiresb/sb’sdoing...。27/38單句語法填空/單句改錯/寫作利用①HeobservedthatHomer(荷馬)wasstill________(admire)aftertwothousandyears.(·重慶，閱讀E)②Tobehonest，Iadmirehimhisbravery.③Manypeoplearoundtheworld________________(欽佩中國對世界和平所做巨大貢獻).答案①admired

②him后加for或去掉him

③admireChinaforitsgreatcontributionstotheworldpeace28/381.beliefn.信任；信心；信仰 [教材原句]TheWesternholidayHalloweenalsohaditsorigininoldbeliefsaboutthereturnofthespiritsofdeadpeople.

西方節(jié)日萬圣節(jié)也源自人們古老信念，認為亡者靈魂會返回人間。

常考必會詞匯——了解識別29/38單句語法填空/單句閱讀了解(說出黑體部分語義)①Thereisthebelief________，ifyouarriveatanappointmentlate，youwillbeconsideredimportant.(·陜西，六選五)②HecametomeinthebeliefthatIcanhelphim.③Peoplehavelostbeliefinme.TheonlythingIcandoiswait.答案①that

②相信③對……失去信心或信賴

30/382.awardn.[C]

獎；獎品

vt.授予；判定 [教材原句]Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce，likethebiggestwatermelonorthemosthandsomerooster.

有些人還可能因為他們農(nóng)產(chǎn)品(參加評選)而獲獎，比如最大西瓜或最帥公雞。

31/38單句語法填空/單句閱讀了解(說出黑體部分語義)①Andyearslater，shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks，____________(award)aPhDinliterature，andauthoredhisownbooks，articles，poetryandfiction.(·天津，閱讀C)多年后，她會因為自己兒子讀過成千上萬本書，取得了文學博士學位，并撰寫了他自己書籍、文章、詩歌和小說而感到驕傲。②Izzyhasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool.③Hewasgiven500dollarsasareward/inrewardforhisbravery.答案①wasawarded

②勇敢獎③作為……酬勞/獎賞/報答

32/38[短

語

點

撥]1.takeplace發(fā)生；舉行 [教材原句]SomeWesterncountrieshaveveryexcitingcarnivals，whichtakeplacefortydaysbeforeEaster，usuallyinFebruary.

在一些西方國家有激感人心狂歡節(jié)，通常在二月，復活節(jié)前四十天。

takeone’splace代替；就位taketheplaceof代替inplace在原處，在適當位置inplaceof代替，取代33/38單句語法填空/單句改錯/寫作利用①Thenextmeeting________(take)placeonThursday.②Greatchangeshavetakentheplaceinourschooleversince.③Itwouldbedifficulttofindaman________________(代替)thesecretary.答案①willtake

②去掉the

③totaketheplaceof34/382.lookforwardto期望；期待；期望 [教材原句]Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.最富有生氣而又最主要節(jié)日，就是告別冬天，迎來春天日子。lookforwardtosth/doingsth期望或期待某事/做某事(to為介詞)lookinto往……里看；調(diào)查lookout向外看；當心；小心lookupto仰視；尊敬；贊賞lookdownon/upon俯視；輕視；看不起35/38單句語法填空/單句改錯/寫作利用①Hewasalreadylookingforwardto________(practise)thenewmusic.(·北京，完形