新視野大學(xué)英語4第四版Unit1sectionA教案

Unit1SectionALoveandlogic:ThestoryofafallacyObjectives：TotalkaboutloveandlogicTofurtherunderstandthetextToapplythephrasesandpatternsTomasterthenarrativeessaywritingskillContentsWarming-upActivitiesTextStudyLanguageApplicationSummaryWarming-upActivitiesLead-inWhatdoyouknowaboutlogic?Whenitcomestomakingachoice,manypeopletendtouserationalandlogicalreasoning;Malesaremorerationalthanfemales;2.Doyouthinkitispossibletodealwithlifeinacompletelyrationalandlogicalway?Rationalworldisnotnecessarilyawonderfulone;Rationalindividualscanmakechoicesthatarebadnewsforothers;Itisridiculoustodealwithloveinalogicalway.Pre-readingActivities1.Thefollowingaresomestatementstotestyourreasoningability.Tellwhethertheconclusionsaftertheword“Therefore”aretrue(T),false(F),oruncertain(U).Writeyouransweronthelinebeforeeachstatement.numberstatementsTrueorfalse1Alloddnumbersareintegers(整數(shù)).Allevennumbers areintegers.Therefore,alloddnumbersareeven numbers.2Therearenodancersthataren’tslimandnosingers thataren’tdancers.Therefore,allsingersareslim.3Atoothpick(牙簽)isuseful.Usefulthingsarevaluable.Therefore,atoothpickisvaluable.Threepencilscostthesameastwoerasers.Foureraserscostthesameasoneruler.Therefore,pencilsaremoreexpensivethanrulers.5ClassAhasahigherenrollmentthanClassB.ClassChasalowerenrollmentthanClassB.Therefore,ClassAhasalowerenrollmentthanClassC.6Afruitbasketcontainsmoreapplesthanlemons.Therearemorelemonsinthebasketthanoranges.Therefore,thebasketcontainsmoreapplesthanoranges.7Takingthetrainacrosstownisquickerthantakingthebus.Takingthebusacrosstownisslowerthandrivingacar.Therefore,takingthetrainacrosstownisquickerthandrivingacar.8AllthetulipsinZoe’sgardenarewhite.AlltherosesinZoe’sgardenareyellow.Therefore,alltheflowersinZoe’sgardenareeitherwhiteoryellow. 2.Listentoashortpassageonlogic,andfillinthemissinginformation.CulturalBackground-LogicandFallacy1.Whatisafallacy?Andhowisitused?Anerrorinreasoningthatrendersanargumentlogicallyinvalid;Byaccidentordesign,logicalfallaciesareoftenusedindebateorpropaganda;Tomisleadpeople;Todistractpeoplefromtherealissueforthepurposeofwinninganargument.2.Howmanytypesoffallacydoyouknow?RedHerring(轉(zhuǎn)移話題)/BeggingtheQuestion(循環(huán)論證)/SlipperySlope(滑坡謬誤)/Bandwagon(從眾謬誤)/FalseDilemma(偽兩難謬誤)/FalseCause(posthoc)(假因謬誤)/AdHominem(人身攻擊)/AppealtoAuthority(訴諸權(quán)威)/DictoSimpliciter(絕對判斷)/HastyGeneralization(草率結(jié)論)/AdMisericordiam(文不對題)/FalseAnalogy(錯(cuò)誤類比)TextStudy3.SummaryofthetextLoveandlogic:ThestoryofafallacyLoveandlogic:ThestoryofafallacyMyroommateRobmadeapactwithmethathe’dgivemehisgirlfriendPollyinexchangeformyjacket.AndIagreed.Pollyhadtherightbackgroundtobethegirlfriendofadogged,brilliantlawyerlikemyself.Shewaspretty,well-off,andradiant.Still,Iwanttodispenseherenoughpearlsofwisdomtomakeher“well-spoken”.SoItriedmybesttoteachhersuchlogicalfallaciesasDictoSimpliciter,HastyGeneralization,AdMisericordiam,andFalseAnalogy.Afterfivenightsofdiligentwork,IactuallymadealogicianoutofPolly.Shewasananalyticalthinkeratlast.WhenIaskedhertodevelopourrelationshipintoaromanticone,however,sherefutedmyargumentsasthoselogicalfallaciesIhadtaughther!Andsherefusedmypropositionbymakingfulldisclosure:ShelikedRobinleather,therefore,shehadtoldhimtomakethepactwithmesothatRobcouldhavemyjacket. 4.PracticalphrasesPractical

PhrasesSpecific

MeaningsExamples1.

In

exchange

for…

作為對……的交換Inexchangeforapeacefulenvironmentforthefuturegenerations,ourrevolutionarypredecessorsshedtheirbloodandevensacrificedtheirpreciouslives.2.

Set

a

date

for

為……定日期Inordertoachievesuccess,onehadbetterstartimmediatelyratherthansetdatesforhis/herefforts.3.

Appeal

to

喚起；吸引Thisuniversityboastsmanyworld-famousexperts,professors,andtheworld’sbestresearchlibrary,therefore,itappealstostudentsandresearchersfromallovertheworld.4.

make/draw

an

analogy

between

在……之間作類比Weoftenmakeananalogybetweenstudyingandclimbingamountain:bothofthemrequiregreateffortsbeforeyoucanreachthetop.5.

Make

sth.

out

of

sb./sth.

使……變成……Theaimofthemilitaryacademyistomakequalifiedofficersoutoftheyoungcadetsafterfouryears’studyandtraining.6.

Give

sb.

the

axe

拋棄（戀人）；解雇Ifyoucontinueplayingyourpreciouscollegeyearsaway,successwillgiveyoutheaxeupongraduation.7.

Be

dripping

with

…

滿是……Thoughthebeautifulladyisdrippingwithjewels,herwordsandactionsaredrippingwithvulgarityandrudeness.5.Functionalpatterns

Functional

Patterns

Functions

&

UsagesExamples1.

If

sb.

could

do

…,

sb.

just

might

do

…用于表達(dá)“假設(shè)”如果我能夠讓我所申請的頂尖律師事務(wù)所看到我身邊伴隨著一位光彩照人、談吐優(yōu)雅的另一半，我就很有可能在競聘中以微弱優(yōu)勢獲勝。IfIcouldshowtheelitelawfirmsIappliedtothatIhadaradiant,well-spokencounterpartbymyside,Ijustmightedgepastthecompetition.2.

Sb.

never/seldom

do

....

Instead

sb.

do

…用于表達(dá)“強(qiáng)調(diào)”

如果你能好好利用現(xiàn)有的一切而不是幻想你所沒有的，你很可能已經(jīng)取得巨大的成功了。Ifyoucouldmakethebestofwhatyouhaveinsteadofdreamingofwhatyoudon