2023年北京平谷區(qū)高三一模英語試題和答案

2023北京平谷高三一模英語2023.3注意事項：1.本試卷共12頁，包括三部分，滿分100分?？荚嚂r間90分鐘。2.在答題卡上準確填寫學校名稱、班級和姓名。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結束，請將答題卡交回。第一部分知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。OnewhilehomelessJohnwasaskingforhemetawomannamedGladysKamande.hadcollapsedlungsthatgavehershortnessofbreathandshe____1____reliedonsomemedicalinstrumentstobreathe.Notonlythat,shehad____2____12oneofwhichcausedhertogoblind.Afterknowinghersituation,eyes____3____tears.Then,despitenothavingtheresourcestosupporthimself,JohnfoundhisownwayhelpHe____4____intohispocketandgaveherwhatlittlemoneyhehad.Atthattime,Johnhadnoideajusthow____5____hewas!ApasserbynamedNjogu____6____thewholeprocess.“Iaskedhimwhyhedecidedtogivetheonlymoneyhehad,”Njogusaid.“Hetoldmeheoptedtogivebecauseevenifhethesame,otherswouldsupporthim.”Struckbywhatthelittleboydid,Njogusharedstoriesandphotosoftheheartwarming____7____onsocialmedia.Soon,storyspreadacrosssocialmediaandgenerousstrangersfromallaroundtheworldbegandonatingmoneyantohelp.Infact,enoughwasraisedto____8____thetreatmentGladysneededIndia.Butnotwherethegoodnewsends.simple____9____helpedhimgetintoahome.thissweetboywasadopted,givinghimaJohnandGladyswerebothabletogetthehelpandthebondtheyformedthatcrucialdaycontinueson.Itjustgoestoshowthatalittle____10____cangoalongway!1.A.randomly2.A.cutthrough3.A.welledB.seldomC.occasionallyC.checkedonC.weptD.constantlyD.gotawayD.criedB.gonethroughB.moved4.A.touched5.A.talented6.A.witnessed7.A.spotB.pickedC.reachedD.grabbedD.rightB.proudC.specialB.confirmedB.momentC.monitoredC.guidanceD.soughtD.works8.A.spareB.adjustB.habitC.coverD.pack9.A.strategy10.A.kindnessC.predictionC.determinationD.interactionD.passionB.courage第二節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ElleGianelliwantedputasmileonthefacesoftheseniors(live)innursinghomes.Soshefoundacreativedothat.Bornoutofherloveforwearingsillysocksonthegolfcourse,ElleGianellilaunchedSocks4Seniors,____12____(raise)moneyviaGoFundMe.When____13____(ask)whatthemoneywassheexplaineditwouldbeusedpurchasebright,patternedsocksandthoughtfulnotesforallseniorsinassistedlivingfacilitiesintheB閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ScientistsinAustraliahavebuiltanewbatteryusingsodium-sulphur,atypeofsaltfromseaThebatterycanstorefourtimesmorethanastandardlithiumbatteryandwouldbecheaptomake____14____saltiswidelyavailable.Itisalsobetterfortheenvironmentthanotherbatteries,____15____useraremetals(suchlithium).Sea-saltbatterieshavebeenmadebeforebutthisiseasilythebestmodelteamwillcontinueworkingontheideabeforethiskindofthebatteries____16____(go)onsale.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。atHailangRivernortheastHeilongjiangProvince,dozensofChinesemerganserducksarepreparingtomigratesouth.Chinesemerganserduckisan____17____(danger)speciesunderclass-onestateprotection.Inrecentyears,theprovincehasbeefedupmeasures____18____(restore)forests,wetlandsandotherecosystems.Chinahasestablished49naturereserves____19____atotalareaof2,561,300hectares.ThankstothesethelocalpopulationofChinesemergansers____20____(grow)fromaroundadozentonearly100overthepastyears.第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AEnjoythefamily-friendlyadventureatDinoParkinMyrtleBeach!Thisexcitingmuseumgivesgueststhechancetocomeface-to-facewithlife-sizeddinos!Thesebeastshaveavasthistorythatwillsparkimaginationandallowvisitorsofallagestoenjoyeducationalfun.Duringyourself-guidedadventurethroughDinoPark,youwillbetreatedtoup-closeviewsatdazzlinganimatronics(電子動畫)ofyourfavoritescalydinosaurs.Therearemorethan20life-sizeddinosaurstoAlongtheyouwillbeabletolearnaboutsomeawesomedinofactsandgetyourfillofprehistoricfun!visitorswillbeabletoenjoyCGIfootagethatgivesaglimpseintothelivesofthedinos.istheperfectwaytolearnallaboutthedinosaursthroughinterestingfactsandhands-onactivities.Throughoutthemuseumarevariousfactsaboutthedinosaursdisplayedoninformativeandcolorfulposters.DinoParkactivitiesDinoPit:ThekidswillhaveablastdivingintotheDinoExplorePit!Thisballpitfeatures100,000ballstonsofroombouncearound.ItisafunattractionallagestoDigaDinoFossil:Becomeareal-lifearchaeologistasyouputyourdiggingskillstothetest!LookoutforsomeawesomefossilsasyousearchforthenextgreatestdinosaurRideaThisfunanimatronicrideisperfectkidswanttoexperiencesomethrillingfun!Climbaboardanaction-packedridethatyousoonPlayKidswillenjoyburningextraattheplaygroundarea.playgroundfeaturesdino-themedpuzzlefloors,brightpicturesonthewalls,andplayequipmentfeaturingaslideanddinosaurstheycanclimbon.So,whetheryouarealongtimedinosaurloverorwanttobringkidstoseesomemovingdinoparkexhibits,youaresuretohaveagreattimehere!21.AtDinoPark,visitors________.A.canfeelthejoyofprehistorictimesB.willbetaughtanimatronicsfacefaceC.willbeabletofindtheperfectwaytoseeCGIfilmD.canparticipatehands-onpostermakingactivities22.Whichofthefollowingwillremainfreshinthemindsofkids?A.DinoExplorePit.B.DigaDinoFossil.D.PlayArea.C.Ridea23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.introduceavarietyoflife-sizeddinosaurs.B.recommendamuseumwitheducationalfun.C.comparethedifferentactivitiesattheDinoPark.D.providearchaeologistswithsomecluesaboutdinosaurs.BAndreaSperanzawantedtobeafirefighterlongbeforeshehadrightwordforherwish.Afteronechildhoodadventureataconstructionsiteendedwithironnailembedded(嵌入)inherlegandanemergencycallthefiredepartment,shefoundherselfawe.theygavethemedicaltreatment,Ithought,theycouldhelpeverybodyanddoanything,”saysthenow52-year-old.In2000,SperanzafulfilledherdreamofbecomingaHerjobwasexactlyasfulfillingassheimaginedwouldbe,exceptforonething;shestillseenanotherwomanherrole—notinamagazine,notontelevision,notinreallife.Speranzadecidedhelpyoungwomenthattoo,couldhaveacareerlikehers.TheresultisCampCourage,animmersive(沉浸式的)programgirlsaged1519whowantlearnmoreaboutfirefighting,paramedicineandpolicework.In2006,Speranzawelcomedthefirst17participants.Overthecourse,thegirlsdiscovertheinsandoutsofbeingfirstresponders:learninghowtoputoutfires,deliveringfirstaidandsoon.CampCouragenownunsonesessioneveryyearandisfreeattend.()costs,Speranzafundraisesbyholdingeverythingfromcarwashestocomedynights.Campersmustsubmitessaydescribinghowtheyplanhelptheiroraspecificindividualinneed.Andtheyhavedeliverontheplan—frombuildingabenchforasenioratabusstoplaunchingalocalchapteroftheKidsHelpPhone.WhileCampCourageisdesignedtohelpmorewomenbecomefirstresponders,Speranzaalsohasbiggerobjectivemind:buildingleaders.“Iftheycandeliveramechanicalbabyorclimbahundred-footthey’renotgoinghaveaproblemgoingthroughajobsaysSperanza.acompletechangeinmindset,andworks.”NowhundredsofgirlshavepassedthroughCampCourageandsomeofthemworkfirstrespondersSperanzafeelsasenseofachievement.opportunityrecruitothergirlstosavelivesalongsideherkeepshergoing.notevenmeasurable.24.WhatinspiredSperanzatobecomeafirefighter?A.HerdreamB.Achildhoodaccident.C.lackoffemalefirefighters.D.Afirefighter’sencouragement.25.WhydidSperanzadecidetostartCampCourage?A.trainthegirlstotakethefirstaidcourse.B.completeanimmersiveprogramaboutfirefighting.C.assistmorefemalestotakeupsomejobslikehers.D.motivatemorefemalestostandontheirownfeetinthefuture.26.WhatdocampershavedotopassthroughCampCourage?A.Raisemoneypaythecost.B.Submitanessayanddeliveraspeech.C.Buildabenchforthedisabledabusstop.D.Handinaplanandthenputitintoaction.27.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.B.Everynobleworkisatfirstimpossible.C.Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.D.Jointisthekeysolvingproblems.CAskasmarthomedevicefortheweatherforecastandittakesseveralsecondsthedevicerespond.Thislatency(延時)occursasconnecteddeviceshaveenoughmemoryorpowertostoreandrunenormousmachine-learningmodelsneededforthedevicetounderstandwhatauserisaskingit.Themodelisstoredadatacenterthatmaybehundredsofmileswhereansweriscomputedandsenttothedevice.MITresearchershavecreatedanewmethodforcomputingdirectlyonthesedevices,whichdrasticallyreducesthisTheirtechniqueshiftsthestepsofrunningamachine-learningmodeltoacentralserverwherecomponentsofthemodelareencodedontolightwaves.Thewavessenttoaconnecteddeviceusingfiberoptics(纖維光學),whichenablestonsofdatabesentlightning-fastthroughanetwork.Thereceiverthenemploysasimpleopticaldevicethatrapidlyperformscomputationsusingthepartsofamodelcarriedthoselightwaves.Thistechniqueleadstothanahundredfoldimprovementefficiencywhencomparedtoothermethods.Itcouldalsoimprovesinceadatadonotneedbetransferredtoacentrallocationforcomputation.Thismethodcouldenableaself-drivingcartomakedecisionsinreal-timewhileusingjustatinypercentageofthecurrentlyrequiredbypower-hungrycomputers.Itcouldalsoallowausertohavealatency-freeconversationwiththeirsmarthomedevice,beusedforlivevideoprocessing,orevenenablehigh-speedimageclassificationaspacecraftmillionsofmilesfromEarth.“Everytimeyouwanttoaneuralnetwork,youhavetoruntheprogram,andhowfastyoucanruntheprogramdependsonhowfastyoucanpipetheprograminfromOurpipeismassive—correspondstosendingafullfeature-lengthmovieovertheinterneteverymillisecondorso.Thatishowfastdatacomesintooursystem.cancomputeasfastasthat,”saysprofessorDirkEngland.TheneuralnetworkarchitectureinvolvesstoringweightsinacentralserverthatisconnectedtoanovelpieceofhardwarecalledasmartThissmartathumb-sizedchip(芯片),canreceiveandsenddata.Movingforward,theresearcherswantupdatethesmarttransceiverchipachieveevenbetterperformance.28.theparagraph1mainlyabout?A.ThecauseoftheB.oftheC.advancedsmartdevice.D.Themodelsstoredadata29.Howdoesthisnewmethodreducelatency?A.Byimprovingthepartsofamodel.B.usingopticstospeedupcomputations.C.computingdirectlyinremotedatacenters.D.Byinventinganewmachine-learningmodel.30.Theauthormentionsaself-drivingcar________.A.introducetheimpactofthelatencyB.explaindataisquicklycomputedinthissystemC.demonstratethesavingandsafetyD.highlightthesatisfactionwithmoderntechnology31.Whatcaninferfromthispassage?A.Thenewtechniquewillbefurtherimproved.B.OpticsneedsbedevelopedandusedC.newcomputingarchitectureisveryperfect.D.Thetechniquewasdevelopedsendmoviesovertheinternet.DThecoronaviruspandemichascreatedanenvironmentresearchonsocialconnection.Oneofthemostcommonareasofinquiryoverthepastcoupleofyearshowoursuddenmassshifttodigitalcommunication—awayfromface-to-face—overallsocialconnectedness.Researchersstudiednearly3,000adultsduringtheearlymonthsandfoundthatemail,socialmedia,onlinegaming,andtextingwerenotfungibleforin-personinteractions.videocalls,weresomewhatSocialconnectednessisakeyhappiness.Lowerit,andyouwillbeworse—andwillyourlovedones,especiallyyourkids.2014surveyrevealed62percentofU.S.childrenthoughttheirparentsweretoodistractedlistentothem.The1reasonwasparents’phoneuse.Itisclearthatscrollingorsurfingwillreducesocialconnection:dotheminsteadofmunicationssuchastextingarebydesigninteractiveandshouldtheoreticallybelessharmful.textmessagesconveyemotionverywell,becausewehearorseeourconversationalpartners.Thesetechnologiesaretoin-personinteractionswhatablack-and-white,pixelated(像素化的)versionoftheMonaLisaistotherealthing;identifiable,butincapableofproducingthesameemotionaleffects.communicationsonline,wetendhopfrompersontopersonandthusswapdepthbreadth.researchhasshownthatdeeperconversationsbringmorewell-beingthanshortcommunications.Meanwhile,inarecentteenswhotextedmoreoftenthantheirpeerstendedexperiencemoredepression,moreanxietyandpoorerrelationshipswiththeirfathers.Itmightseemstrangethatwewouldvoluntarilyadopttechnologiesthathurtourhappiness.Oneoftheexplanationsisconvenience.(無所事事)infrontofascreenissimplyeasierthantalkingwithaperson,andvirtualcommunicationssuchastextingarefasterandeasierthanavisitoraphonecall.Thinkofthesetechnologiesasgrab-and-gofoodataconveniencestore:notgreat,butitsureiseasy—andafteryoueatenoughmicrowavefoods,youwhattherealthingtasteslike.Inall,formostofus—especiallypeoplewhogrewupwithit—theinternetisanunquestionedpartoftheecosystemoflife.QuittingthevirtualcommunicationsfromourlifeisclearlynottheSincewe’renotgoingbacklifebeforethiskindofwecanandshoulduseitmindfullyinserviceoflove.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fungible”mostprobablymean?A.Responsible.33.Asforvirtualcommunications,theauthoris________.A.disapprovingB.doubtfulC.supportiveB.Changeable.C.Reliable.D.Replaceable.D.cautious34.Whichwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.CommunicationDoesLittleHarmtoPeopleB.CanMakeRelationshipsShallowerC.QuittingCommunicationIsJustaroundtheCornerD.CreatesaGoodEnvironmentDeeperConversations第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Coralreefstherainforestsoftheocean.TheyexistonvastscalesandareequallyimportanthavensofReefsoccupy0.1%oftheoceans.____35____Coralsareusefultopeople.theprotectionwhichreefsfromcrashingwaves,low-lyingislandssuchastheMaldiveswouldhavefloodedlongago,andabillionpeoplewouldlosefoodorincome.reefsareunderthreatfromrisingseatemperatures.Heatcausesthealgae(海藻)withwhichcoralsarelivingtogethertogeneratetoxins(毒素)thatforcethosecoraltoleave.____36____Researchgroupsaroundtheworldarecomingwithplansofactionseeifthatwillhelp,suchidentifyingnaturallyheat-resistantcoralsandcross-breedingsuchcoralstocreateanewtype.____37____carbonreductionanddeclineinlocal,coral-killingpollution,evenresistantcoralswillnotsurvivetheDoubtersdoubthumanitywillgetitsacttogetherintimetomakemuchdifference.____38____Carbonarebeingsetandoceanpollutionisbeingdealtwith.CountriesthatshareresponsibilitiesforreefsarestartingtoactScientificworkaroundscanalsobefound.Naturalcurrentscanbeappliedtofacilitatemassbreeding.Sitesofthegreatestecologicalandeconomicalimportancecanbeidentifiedtomaximizebangforbuck.____39____couldserveasablueprintotherecosystems.Hard-coregreens—thosethinkthatallhabitatsshouldbekeptunspoiled—maynotapprove.Butwhenentireecosystemsarefacingdestruction,thecostofdoingnothingistoogreattoA.Thiscancauseadeath.B.Buttherearegroundsforoptimism.C.Andtheyhostaquarterofmarinespecies.D.globalecosystemservicesareworthupto$10trnaE.Thismixofnaturalactivityandhumaninterventionisimportant.Thisresearchcanalsobebroughtbearontryingtosaveentireecosystems.G.theassistedevolutionofcoralsdoesnotmeetwithuniversalenthusiasm.第三部分書面表達共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共4小題，第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。MusselsinPhillipBayaretakinginmicroplasticsusedincosmetics(化妝品).Themicroplasticstravelfrombathroomsinkstoocean,wheretheyareeasilyconfusedwithseaweeds.Becausethemusselscannottellthedifference,theytakeintheplasticalongwiththeirnormaldietofseaweeds.AccordingresearcherDrCharleneplasticmusselsbutitdoesreducetheirabilitydigesttherealfood.Itmeanstheymissoutonandnutrients,whichtheirabilitygrowandreproduce.“Besidesbeingatastytreatforhumans,musselsplayimportantroleinkeepingmarineecosystemsDrsaid.“Andbecauseofthereducedabilitytogrowandreproduce,wecouldadropinmusselpopulations,withknock-oneffectsforothermarinewildlife.”Whileenvironmentalcampaignershaveworkedhardtoreducetheamountofplasticintheoceansfromeasilyvisibleitemssuchasshoppingbagsandpackaging,mostpeoplearenotawareoftheimpactofmicrobeadsandotherhiddenplasticsproductsincludingtoothpasteorbathscrubs.knowlotsabouthowplasticsanimalsexternally—we’veseenphotosofbirdsandturtlestwistedinplastic—butthisisthefirststudytoinvestigatehowtinyplasticsanimals’stomachs,”Drsaid.Therehasbeenapushrecentyearstoreducemicroplasticpollution.ButwhiletheGovernmenthassupportedphasingout()microbeads,somecosmeticsindustriesstoppedshortofbanningtheiruse.needtotakepollutionfrommicroplasticsBecausethey’resosmall,oncethey’reintheecosystemtheyareimpossibletoremove.Theonlysolutionisnotusetheminthefirstplace.mussel40.Whydomusselseatmicroplastics?________________41.Whatwilleventuallyhappenmusselsiftheyeatmicroplasticsmistakenly?________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainThefirstthingtosolvemicroplasticpollutionisnottousemicroplasticsandsomecosmeticsindustriesagreedtostopusingmicrobeads.________________43.Pleasebrieflypresentyourownsolutionstotheplasticpollutionprobleminyourdailylife.(Inabout40words)________________第二節(jié)44.假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你的英國好友Jim聽說直播購物（live-streamshopping）在中國很流行，發(fā)來郵件詢問相關信息。請你給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.你是否通過直播進行過購物；2.你對直播購物的看法或感受。注意：1.1002.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua參考答案第一部分知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.D10.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。流浪兒約翰為了幫助重病纏身的格拉迪斯·卡曼德捐出了自己僅有的錢，目睹了這一切的路人Njogu在社交媒體上分享了這一感人時刻的故事和照片，這引起了全世界許多好心人的關注，籌集的資金足以支付格拉迪斯在印度所需的治療費用，約翰也被收養(yǎng)，有了一個家。【1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她的肺萎陷導致呼吸急促，她總是依靠一些醫(yī)療器械來呼吸。A.randomly隨機地；B.seldom很少；C.occasionally偶爾；D.constantly總是。根據(jù)“Shehadcollapsedlungsthatgavehershortnessofbreath”可知，此處是指她總是依靠一些醫(yī)療器械來呼吸。故選D。【2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：不僅如此，她還經(jīng)歷了12次手術，其中一次導致她失明。A.cutthrough刺穿；B.gonethrough經(jīng)歷；C.checkedon檢查；D.gotaway離開。根據(jù)“oneofwhichcausedhergoblind”可知，此處是指她還經(jīng)歷了次手術。故選B。【3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：知道她的處境后，約翰熱淚盈眶。A.welled（液體）流出，涌出；B.moved移動；C.wept哭泣，流淚；D.cried哭喊。根據(jù)“withtears”可知，此處是指約翰熱淚盈眶。故選A。【4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他把手伸進口袋，把僅有的一點錢給了她。A.touched觸碰；B.picked采，摘；C.reached伸，伸手；D.grabbed攫取，抓住。根據(jù)“intohispocket”可知，此處是指他把手伸進口袋。故選。【5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那個時候，約翰不知道他是多么正確！A.talented有天賦的；B.proud驕傲的；C.special特殊的；D.right正確的。根據(jù)前文“andgaveherwhatlittlemoneyhehad”可知，此處是指約翰不知道他是多么正確。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一位名叫Njogu的路人見證了整個過程。A.witnessed見證；B.confirmed證實；C.monitored監(jiān)視；sought尋找。根據(jù)后文“Iaskedhimwhyhedecidedtogivetheonlymoneyhad(我問他為什么決定捐出他僅有的一點錢)”可知，此處是指一位名叫Njogu的路人見證了整個過程。故選A?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Njogu在社交媒體上分享了這一感人時刻的故事和照片。A.spot地點；B.moment時刻；C.guidance指南；D.works工作。根據(jù)“Njogusharedstoriesandphotos”可知，此處是指這一感人時刻的故事和照片。故選。【8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，籌集的資金足以支付格拉迪斯在印度所需的治療費用。A.spare抽B.adjust調(diào)整；C.cover足夠支付；D.pack打包。根據(jù)“enoughwasraised”可知，此處是指籌集的資金足以支付格拉迪斯在印度所需的治療費用。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：約翰簡單的互動幫助他進入了一個兒童之家。A.strategy策略；B.habit習慣；C.prediction預言之事，預報之事；D.interaction互動。根據(jù)前文“Then,despitenothavingtheresourcestosupporthimself,Johnfoundhisownwayhelp然后，盡管沒有資源養(yǎng)活自己，約翰還是找到了自己的方法來幫助她)”可知，此處是指約翰簡單的互動。故選D。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這只是表明，一點善意可以走很長的路！A.kindness善意；B.courage勇氣；C.determination決心；D.passion激情。根據(jù)前文“Then,despitenothavingtheresourcestosupporthimself,Johnfoundownwayhelp然后，盡管沒有資源養(yǎng)活自己，約翰還是找到了自己的方法來幫助她)”可知，此處是指一點善意可以走很長的路。故選A。第二節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】lived##wereliving12.raising13.asked【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了ElleGianelli為了改善養(yǎng)老院老年人的生活做出的努力?！绢}詳解】考查一般過去時或過去進行時。句意：ElleGianelli想讓住在養(yǎng)老院的老年人臉上露出笑容。根據(jù)“ElleGianelliwantedtoputasmileonthefacesoftheseniors”可知，此處應用一般過去時。也可以理解為正在住在養(yǎng)老院的狀態(tài)，所以也可用過去進行時，主語who代指先行詞seniors，為復數(shù)。故填lived/wereliving?！?2題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：由于喜歡在高爾夫球場上穿傻傻的襪子，ElleGianelliSocks4Seniors，并通過GoFundMe網(wǎng)站籌集資金。動詞raise意為“籌集”，和謂語之間沒有連詞，和主語ElleGianelli構成主動關系，所以應用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填raising。【13題詳解】考查狀語從句的省略。句意：當被問及這筆錢的用途時，她解釋說，這筆錢將用于為該國所有生活在輔助生活設施中的老年人購買明亮的圖案襪子和貼心的便條。在when引導的時間狀語從句中，當從句主語和主句主語相同時，可以省略從句的主語和系動詞。動詞ask意為“詢問”，和主語構成被動關系，所以應用過去分詞形式。故填asked。【答案】14.as##because15.which16.goes【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。澳大利亞的科學家利用海水中的一種鹽——硫酸鈉制造了一種新的電池。文章主要介紹了這種電池的好處。【14題詳解】考查連詞。句意：這種電池可以儲存比標準鋰電池多四倍的能量，而且由于海鹽的廣泛使用，制造成本較低。空處引導狀語從句，表示原因，應用as/because引導原因狀語從句，故填as/because?！?5題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：它也比其他使用稀有金屬（如鋰）的電池更環(huán)保?？仗幰龑Х窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，修飾先行詞otherbatteries，指物，且關系詞在定語從句中作主語，應用which來引導，故填which?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：在這種電池上市銷售之前，這個團隊將繼續(xù)研究這個想法。此處在before引導的狀語從句中作謂語，主句是一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，主語thiskindofthebatteries，為單數(shù)，且和主語go是主動關系，應用go的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填goes?！敬鸢浮?7.endangered18.torestore19.with20.hasgrown【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了國家一級保護瀕危物種秋沙鴨的保護現(xiàn)狀?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：秋沙鴨是國家一級保護的瀕危物種。根據(jù)“underclass-onestateprotection”可知，此處是指秋沙鴨是瀕危物種，所以應用形容詞endangered表示“瀕危的”作定語。故填endangered?！?8題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：近年來，該省加強了恢復森林、濕地和其他生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的措施。measure意為“措施”，為抽象名詞，所以應用todo不定式作后置定語。故填torestore?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。句意：中國已建立自然保護區(qū)49個，總面積256.13萬公頃。根據(jù)“Chinahasestablished49naturereserves”和“atotalareaof2,561,300hectares”可知，此處是指“帶有，具有”，所以應用介詞with。故填with。【20題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成時和主謂一致。句意：由于這些努力，在過去的幾年里，當?shù)氐闹袊锷厨喌臄?shù)量已經(jīng)從十幾只左右增加到近100只。根據(jù)“overthepastyears”可知，此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語population為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填hasgrown。第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章對默特爾海灘的迪諾公園進行了介紹?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Alongtheyouwillbeablelearnaboutsomeawesomedinofactsandgetyourfillofprehistoricfun!(在此過程中，您將能夠了解一些令人敬畏的恐龍事實，并獲得史前樂趣！)”可知，在Dino公園，游客可以感受到史前時代的歡樂。故選A?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段Ridea最后一句“Climbaboardforanaction-packedridethatyousoonforget.(登上這趟驚險刺激的旅程，你不會很快忘記。)”可知，“騎暴龍”會讓孩子們記憶猶新。故選?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Enjoythefamily-friendlyadventureatDinoParkMyrtleBeach!Thisexcitingmuseumgivesgueststhechancecomeface-to-facewithlife-sizeddinos!Thesebeastshaveavasthistorythatwillsparkimaginationandallowvisitorsofallagestoenjoyeducationalfun.(在默特爾海灘的迪諾公園享受適合家庭的冒險吧！這個令人興奮的博物館讓游客有機會與真人大小的恐龍面對面！這些動物有著豐富的歷史，將激發(fā)想象力，讓所有年齡段的游客都能享受教育的樂趣。)”可知，這篇文章的目的是推薦一個具有教育意義的博物館。故選B。【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了加拿大的一位女性消防員AndreaSperanza，由于自己所在的領域女性很少，她創(chuàng)辦了“勇氣營”，幫助很多女性成為消防和急救人員?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Afteronechildhoodadventureataconstructionsiteendedwithironnailembedded()inherlegandanemergencycalltothefiredepartment,shefoundherselfinawe.“Astheygavemethemedicaltreatment,Ithought,theycouldhelpeverybodyanddoanything,”saysthenow52-year-old.(時，她在建筑工地經(jīng)歷了一次冒險，結果腿上嵌了一顆鐵釘，她給消防部門打了緊急電話，這讓她感到敬畏?！爱斔麄兘o我治療時，我想，他們可以幫助所有人，做任何事情，”現(xiàn)年52歲的她說)”可知，童年的一次意外經(jīng)歷使她想成為一名消防員。故選B。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Speranzadecidedtohelpyoungwomenthattoo,couldhaveacareerlikehers.(Speranza決定幫助年輕女性認識到，她們也可以擁有像她一樣的事業(yè))”以及第三段中“TheresultisCampCourage,animmersive(沉浸式的)programforgirlsaged19whowanttolearnmoreaboutfirefighting,paramedicinepolicework.(其結果就是“勇氣營”，這是一個面向15至19歲的女孩的沉浸式項目，她們想要了解更多關于消防、醫(yī)療護理和警察工作的知識)”可知，Speranza創(chuàng)辦“勇氣營”是幫助更多的女性從事像她這樣的工作。故選C?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Campersmustsubmitanessaydescribinghowtheyplantohelptheiroraspecificindividualinneed.theyhavedeliverontheplan—frombuildingabenchforasenioratabusstoptolaunchingalocalchapteroftheKidsHelpPhone.(營員必須提交一篇短文，描述他們計劃如何幫助他們的社區(qū)，或有需要的特定個人。他們必須實現(xiàn)這個計劃——從在公交車站為一位老人建一張長椅，到在當?shù)爻闪⒁粋€兒童幫助電話分會)”可知，營員們需要提交一份計劃，然后付諸行動才能通過勇氣營。故選D。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“AndreaSperanzawantedbeafirefighterlongbeforeshehadtherightforherwish.(早在找到合適的詞來表達她的愿望之前，安德里亞·斯佩蘭薩就想成為一名消防員)”以及第二段中“In2000,Speranzafulfilledherdreamofbecominga(2000年，Speranza實現(xiàn)了成為一名消防員的夢想)”及全文可知，Speranza不但通過努力實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想，并且她創(chuàng)辦了“勇氣營”，幫助很多女性成為消防和急救人員。所以我們從文章中學到的是“心之所愿，無事不成?！惫蔬xC?！敬鸢浮?8.A29.B30.C31.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種利用光學來加快計算速度從而減少延遲的新技術。【28題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Thislatency(延時)occursasconnecteddeviceshaveenoughmemoryorpowertostoreandtheenormousmachine-learningmodelsneededforthedevicetounderstandwhatauserisaskingofit.modelisstoredinadatacenterthatmaybehundredsofmileswheretheansweriscomputedandsenttothedevice.(這種延遲發(fā)生的原因是，連接的設備沒有足夠的內(nèi)存或能力來存儲和運行龐大的機器學習模型，而設備需要這些模型來理解用戶的要求。該模型存儲在可能數(shù)百英里外的數(shù)據(jù)中心，在那里計算答案并發(fā)送到設備。)”可知，第一段主要是講延遲的原因。故選A?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Thewavesaresenttoaconnecteddeviceusingfiberoptics(纖維光學),whichenablestonsofdatabesentlightning-fastthroughanetwork.Thereceiverthenemploysasimpleopticaldevicethatrapidlyperformscomputationsusingthepartsofamodelcarriedthoselightwaves.(這些電波通過光纖傳輸?shù)竭B接的設備上，這使得大量數(shù)據(jù)能夠以閃電般的速度通過網(wǎng)絡傳輸。然后，接收器采用一個簡單的光學裝置，利用這些光波攜帶的模型部分快速執(zhí)行計算。)”可知，這種新方法利用光學來加快計算速度，從而減少了延遲。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Thistechniqueleadstomorethanahundredfoldimprovementinefficiencywhencomparedothermethods.Itcouldalsoimprovesinceadatadonotneedtobetransferredtoacentrallocationforcomputation.(與其他方法相比，這項技術使能源效率提高了一百倍以上。它還可以提高安全性，因為用戶的數(shù)據(jù)不需要傳輸?shù)街行奈恢眠M行計算。)”可知，作者提到了一輛自動駕駛汽車以展示該技術的節(jié)能和安全性。故選?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Movingforward,theresearcherswantupdatethesmarttransceiverchipachieveevenbetterperformance.(展望未來，研究人員希望更新智能收發(fā)器芯片以獲得更好的性能。)”可知，這項新技術將得到進一步改進。故選A。【答案】32.D33.D34.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。冠狀病毒大流行為研究社會聯(lián)系創(chuàng)造了環(huán)境。過去幾年，我們對數(shù)字通信（遠離面對面交流）如何影響整體社會聯(lián)系進行了研究，研究表明，技術會使人際關系更加生疏?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchersstudiednearly3,000adultsduringtheearlymonthsandfoundthatemail,socialmedia,onlinegaming,andtextingwerenotfungiblein-personinteractions.andvideocalls,weresomewhat研究人員在疫情初期對近3000名成年人進行了研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)電子郵件、社交媒體、在線游戲和短信無法fungible面對面的互動。語音和視頻通話稍微好一些。)”可知，研究表明面對面的互動（如語音和視頻通話）要更好一些，說明電子郵件、社交媒體、在線游戲和短信無法替代面對面的互動，由此可推知，劃線單詞fungible與D項“Replaceable.(可替代的)”意思一樣，