英語(yǔ)人教版（全國(guó)）選修6導(dǎo)學(xué)筆記Unit1PeriodThree

PeriodThreeGrammar—SubjunctiveMood(1)課文原句感知1．Ifyoucouldhave(have)threeofthesepaintingsonthewallsofyourclassroom，whichwouldyouchoose(choose)?2．Ifyouwere(be)anartist，whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint(paint)?3．Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered(not，discover)，noonewouldhavebeen(be)abletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.4．Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique，wewouldnotbe(not，be)abletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.5．Therearescoresofmodernartstyles，butwithouttheImpressionists，manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist(not，exist)．虛擬語(yǔ)氣是英語(yǔ)測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)之一。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話并不是事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑或推測(cè)。其使用情況如下：一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件從句中的用法if條件從句條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情況動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞常用were)would/should/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形1.Ifwehadenoughmoney，wewouldbuyaputer.如果我們有足夠的錢(qián)，我們就會(huì)買(mǎi)臺(tái)電腦。2．Weretheyherenow，theycouldhelpus.如果現(xiàn)在他們?cè)谶@里，他們就能幫助我們。表示與過(guò)去相反的情況had＋過(guò)去分詞would/should/could/might＋have＋過(guò)去分詞1.Ifhehadknownyouraddressyesterday，hewouldhavevisitedyou.如果他昨天知道你的地址，他就會(huì)拜訪你了。2．HadIworkedharderatschool，I’dhavegotabetterjob.如果我在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)更努力的話，就會(huì)找到一份更好的工作。表示與將來(lái)相反的情況，是對(duì)將來(lái)的一種假設(shè)(發(fā)生的可能性不大)should＋動(dòng)詞原形；wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形；動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞常用were)would/should/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形1.Ifitshouldraintomorrow，we’dstayathome.(下雨的可能性并不大)如果明天下雨，我們就待在家里。2．WereItomeetMarysomeday，Iwouldtellherwhathashappenedhere.如果有一天我遇到瑪麗，我就會(huì)告訴她這里發(fā)生的一切。3．Ifourtrainarrivedontime，wewouldhavetimetovisityoursister.如果我們的火車(chē)能按時(shí)到達(dá)，我們就有時(shí)間去看你妹妹。注意：虛擬條件句中有had，should，were時(shí)，可將if去掉，把had，should，were提到主語(yǔ)之前，即倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，如例2。二、使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他情況1．(1)在wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句及ifonly后的從句中，表示現(xiàn)在的愿望，謂語(yǔ)常用過(guò)去時(shí)。IwishIknewhisaddress.我要是知道他的地址就好了。IwishIwereyoung.我要是年輕就好了。IwishIcouldswim.我要是會(huì)游泳就好了。Ifonlymothercouldbeherenow!現(xiàn)在要是媽媽在這里就好了！(2)表示過(guò)去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，并對(duì)此感到遺憾或后悔，謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.我希望你寫(xiě)信給他了。Ihavefailedintheexam.IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice！我考試沒(méi)及格。要是我聽(tīng)了你的建議就好了！(3)表示將來(lái)的愿望，謂語(yǔ)用would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形，實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較低，接近一種客氣的請(qǐng)求。Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.我希望你不再抽煙了。Iwishhecouldetomorrow.我希望他明天能來(lái)。Ifonlyitwouldstopraining！要是雨能停就好了！2．在wouldrather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況；用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的情況。IwouldratherIhadn’tbeentosuchaplace.我寧愿我沒(méi)有去過(guò)那樣一個(gè)地方。3．某些介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)，如butfor，without，副詞或連詞，如otherwise，however，or，but等也可以表達(dá)一個(gè)暗含的虛擬的條件，這種情況下要仔細(xì)閱讀上下文的語(yǔ)境，如：Forthegreaterpartofthevoyagewehadpleasantweather，buttowardstheendofourcrossingaterriblestormcameupandtheshipwouldhavesunkwithallonaboardbutfortheeffortsofthecaptain.在這次航行的大部分時(shí)間里，天氣都很好。但是在航行臨近結(jié)束時(shí)刮起了可怕的風(fēng)暴，要不是由于船長(zhǎng)的努力，所有的乘客就會(huì)跟著輪船一起沉沒(méi)了。4．有時(shí)條件從句表示的動(dòng)作和主句表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這類(lèi)句子稱(chēng)為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句。此時(shí)主、從句動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)各自所表示的時(shí)間進(jìn)行調(diào)整。Ifhehadtakenmyadvicethen，hewouldn’tbeintroublenow.如果那時(shí)他聽(tīng)取了我的建議，現(xiàn)在他就不會(huì)有麻煩了。Ifsheweretoleave，Iwouldhaveheardaboutit.如果她要走，我會(huì)聽(tīng)說(shuō)的。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Ifthenewsafetysystemhadbeenput(put)touse，theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.(2017·北京)2．—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise，Iwouldn’thavebeen(not，be)abletoreachheryesterday.(2017·天津)3．Were(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers，thestudentcouldnotovereherdifficulty.(2017·江蘇)4．Whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyouhadtold(tell)me，Icouldhavehelped.(2016·北京)5．Ifithadnotbeen(not，be)forhisinvitationtheotherday，Ishouldnotbeherenow.(2016·江蘇)6．Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone，Iwouldhavebeeninjured(injure)．(2016·天津)7．Withouthiswartimeexperiences，Hemingwaywouldn’thavewritten(not，write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.(2015·重慶)8．IwishIhadbeen(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.(2015·天津)9．Itisluckywebookedaroom，orwewouldhave(have)nowheretostaynow.(2015·安徽)Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1．Someclassmatessuggestwecan或eq\f(can,should)gotoplacesofinterestnearby.(2016·全國(guó)Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))2．Ifyoueq\f(are,were)me，wouldyoutalktothem？(2015·四川，短文改錯(cuò))Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Ifthereshouldbe/were(be)anychangeaboutthedate，Iwouldinformyouintime.2．Hadtheweatherbeengood，thetwinswouldhavegone(go)outforawalk.3．Mybestfriendisintrouble.IfonlyIhad(have)enoughmoneytohelpher!4．HowIwishIhadseen(see)heratthestation，butIwastoobusy.5．Wearrivedthereontime.Otherwisewewouldhavemissed(miss)theearlybus.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)6．IfonlyIeq\f(haven’t,hadn’t)playedputergameslastnight!7．Ifiteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(should))或eq\f(rain,rained)thisafternoon，thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.8．IfIeq\f(was,were)abigboss，Iwouldhelpthepoorchildrenintheworld.9．IwouldratherIeq\f(haven’t,hadn’t)acceptedhisofferthatday.10．Hewisheshissoneq\f(will,would)beeafamousdoctorsomeday.Ⅲ.完成句子11．要是我能發(fā)明一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的機(jī)器人就好了！IfonlyIcouldinventapowerfulrobot!12．我希望有一天我能乘坐宇宙飛船登上月球。IwishIcould/wouldgotothemooninaspaceshiponeday.13．如果他昨晚沒(méi)有遲到，他就會(huì)抓住這次機(jī)會(huì)了。Ifhehadn’tbeenlatelastnight，hewouldhavegraspedthechance.14．要是沒(méi)有考試，現(xiàn)在我們會(huì)過(guò)著一種輕松很多的生活。Withoutexams，wewouldliveamucheasierlifenow.15．他寧愿那天沒(méi)有對(duì)兒子大喊大叫。Hewouldratherhehadn’tshoutedathissonthatday.Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空(2017·陜西山陽(yáng)中學(xué)高二檢測(cè))Longtimeago,16.anemperorofChinawantedtogetapaintingofroosters.Soheaskedafamouspainter17.who/thatwasgoodatpaintingflowersand18.birds(bird)topaintaroosterforhim.Hewantedtheroostertobethe19.best(good)amongallhiscollections.Thepainterpromised20.todo(do)so.Then，theemperorwaitedandwaitedforoneyear，buthedidn’tgetthepicture.Finally，theemperorbecame21.angry(anger)andwantedtokillthepainter.22.Knowing(know)theshockingnews，thepainterhurriedintothepalacewithpaper，paint，andabrush.Withinfiveminutes，aperfectroosterappearedonthepaper.Afterseeingthis，theemperorbecamemuchangrier.“Sinceyoucanpaintaroosterinfiveminutes，whydidyoukeepme23.waiting(wait)foroverayear？”heasked.Thepainterinvitedtheemperortohishouse.There，theemperorsawpilesandpilesofpaper.Oneverypieceofpaper24.was(be)apaintingofarooster.“YourMajesty，”saidthepainter，“25.IttookmemorethanayeartoimprovemypaintingskillsothatIcanpaintaperfectroosterforyou.”Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2017·山西大學(xué)附中高二檢測(cè))Itistruethatpeoplewithbettereducationareusuallyabletogetbetterpayingjobs.Inotherwords，theyhavemorechancestochooseagoodjobwhilepeoplewithlittleornoeducationdon’t.Itseemsthatthepurposeofeducationistomakepeoplegetjobs.Butthisisn’tacceptedbyallpeople.Somepeoplemaythinkthatapersonshouldspendthebestyearsofhislifetogeteducationonlyforawayofliving.Thiswasprobablyoneoftheearliestreasonsofeducation.Infact，ifeducationisjustawayofmakingaliving，peopledon’tneedtospendsomuchtimeinschool.Peoplecangeteducationforalivinginashorttime.Subjectslikehistoryandgeographyneednotbetaughttoeveryone.Evenlanguageandmathsneednotbetaughtindetail(詳細(xì)地)，either.Hereitisclearthateducationismuchmorethanteachingamantogetawayofliving.Educationiswell-roundedanditismainlyforimprovingaman.Itisnotonlytoteachhimtospeak，readandwrite，butalsotodevelophiscreativethinkingandotherabilities.Afterthat，itistomakehimawisemanandthankfullyenjoytheachievementsofhuman.Educationistomakeamanleadabetterlife.Educatedpeopleareexpectedtobeabletolistentogoodmusic，readgoodbooks，watchplaysandtakeaninterestintheworld.Iwouldagreethatmakingagoodlivingisanimportantreasonforeducation，butcertainlynotthemostimportantorthemainreason.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文的主題是：接受教育是為了什么？接受教育不僅僅是為了找工作，而是為了自我提高、自我完善。1．Peoplewithlittleeducationusually.A．spendalongtimeinschoolB．haveagoodchancetogetajobC．spendthebestyearstochoosejobsD．havefewerchancestogetagoodjob答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句可知，接受教育很少的人得到好工作的機(jī)會(huì)很少，故D項(xiàng)正確。2．Theearliesteducationwasprobablyto.A．makeamanleadabetterlifeB．teachamantowriteandreadC．makepeoplegetawayoflivingD．teachpeopletoreadgoodbooks答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，早期的教育是為了讓人們謀生，故C項(xiàng)正確。3．Theunderlinedword“well-rounded”inParagraph3means“”inChinese.A．圓滿的 B．嶄新的C．公平的 D．全面的答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞下一句“Itisnotonlytoteachhimtospeak，readandwrite，butalsotodevelophiscreativethinkingandotherabilities.”可知，教育是全面的，它不僅是教會(huì)一個(gè)人說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)，而且還開(kāi)發(fā)他的思維和其他能力，故D項(xiàng)正確。4．Itisexpectedthateducatedpeoplewillbeableto.A．a(chǎn)ccepteducationasawayoflivingB．takeaninterestinthewholeworldC．developtheirabilitiestomakeplaysD．learnsubjectslikelanguageandmath答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，受過(guò)教育的人能夠?qū)φ麄€(gè)世界都感興趣，故B項(xiàng)正確。B(2017·山西康杰中學(xué)高二檢測(cè))TheNutcrackerTime：May5Place：WuhanTheaterEnjoyafairytaleetolifewiththisamazingproduction，presentedbythefamousRussianStateBallet.TheballettellsthestoryofalittlegirlwhoreceivesanutcrackerasapresentonChristmasEve.Suddenly，ittransformsintoalittleprince，andhetakesthegirlonavoyagethroughtheLandofSnow.ThisproductionisasuperbperformancewhichliveduptothemysteryofthecharmingRussianclassic.HelloSadnessTime：OngoinguntilMay1Place：ShanghaiArtTheaterThisplayisadaptedfromthe1954FrenchnovelBonjourTristesse，writtenbyFrancoiseSaganwhenshewasonly18.Thestoryisabouta17-year-oldgirl，Cecile，wholiveswithherfatherRaymond.WhenRaymondfinallydecidestosettledownwithawoman，Cecileworriesabouthowherlifewillchange，andshetriestodestroythemarriage.Bepreparedforasadending.RainZoneTime：OngoinguntilJune19Place：ZhujiangPartyPierBeerCulture&ArtZone，GuangzhouIfyouhavewonderedwhatitisliketowalkintherainwithoutgettingwet，thisisanexhibitionyoushouldn’tmiss.Thisartisticequipmentallowsvisitorstowalkthroughfallingwater，butsensorsmakesurethatthewaterstopsfallingwhereverapersonisstanding.Theexperiencewillprovideyouwiththeinterestingfeelingthatyou’recontrollingtherain.ClaudeMonetTime：May1toAug31Place：BeijingWorldArtMuseumIfyouareanartfanwhoalsoenjoysmoderntechnology，youshouldmaketimeforthismultimediaexhibition.Thehigh-techartshowdisplaysabout400copiesofClaudeMonet’sworkandrecordsthelifeoftheartisthimself.TheexhibitiontakesyouthroughMonet’sartisticcareer.Withthehelpof3-Dtechnology，visitorscanalsotraveltoMonet’shometowntoseehowhismasterpieceswerecreated.eq\x(語(yǔ)篇解讀本文介紹幾個(gè)演出和展覽的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及其他的一些具體信息。)5．WhichplacemaysatisfyadancefaninMay?A．WuhanTheater.B．ShanghaiArtTheater.C．ZhujiangPartyPierBeerCulture&ArtZone.D．BeijingWorldArtMuseum.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分TheNutcracker的內(nèi)容，時(shí)間是在“Time：May5，...presentedbythefamousRussianStateBallet.”可知，舞蹈愛(ài)好者在5月份可能在WuhanTheater看到舞蹈表演，故選A。6．WhatcanwelearnabouttheplayHelloSadness?A．It’sproducedbyateenager.B．Cecile’sfathertreatsherbadly.C．It’sanadaptationfromanovel.D．Cecile’sfamilyliveinharmony.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HelloSadness這部分內(nèi)容的第一句“Thisplayisadaptedfromthe1954FrenchnovelBonjourTristessewrittenbyFrancoiseSaganwhenshewasonly18.”這個(gè)話劇是根據(jù)1954年的法國(guó)小說(shuō)BonjourTristesse改編的，故選C。7．WhichcanyoustillenjoyinJuly?A．HelloSadness. B．TheNutcracker.C．RainZone. D．ClaudeMonet.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四個(gè)表演或展覽的時(shí)間可知，7月你能欣賞的只有ClaudeMonet，故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空(2017·安徽黃山市高二檢測(cè))Myfatherwasaself-taughtmandolinplayer.Hewasoneofthebeststringinstrumentplayersinourtown.Hecouldnot8music，butifheheardatuneafewtimes，hecouldplayit.Ilovedtosing，butIneverlearnedhowto9themandolin.ThisissomethingI10tothisday.Dadlovedtoplaythemandolinforhis11，asheknewweenjoyedsinging，andhearinghimplay.Hewasalwaysthere，12histimeandeffortstoseethathisfamilyhadenoughintheirlife.Ihadtomatureintoamanandhavechildrenofmyown13Irealizedhowmuchhehadsacrificed.14playedthemandolinlikemyfather.Hecould15yoursoulwiththetones.Heseemedtoshinewhenhewasplaying.Youcouldseehis16inhisabilitytoplaysowellforhisfamily.Oneday，hewasinvolvedinan17.Onthisparticularday，Dadgotthefirstfingerofhislefthand18bythemachine.Thedoctorwhooperatedonthefingercouldnot19it，whichdidaffecthis20toplaythemandolin.Aftertheaccident，Dadfeltthathecouldnotplay21.WhenIcamehomeandaskedhimtoplay，hewouldmake22forwhyhecouldn’tplay.InAugustof1993myfatherwasdiagnosedwith23lungcancer.Aboutaweekbeforehisdeath，weaskedDadifhewouldplaythemandolinforus.Hesaid“24”．Heknewitwouldprobablybethelasttimehecouldplayforus.WhenIlookedaround，therewasnota25eyeinthefamily.Wesawbeforeusaquietmanwithaninner26.Dadwasalwaysdoingsomethinghehaddoneallhislife，27.語(yǔ)篇解讀在作者的記憶當(dāng)中，父親常常在家人面前彈奏曼陀林，然而由于一場(chǎng)事故，父親的一根手指損壞，之后父親再也不愿意彈奏曼陀林。直至他因癌癥去世前的一周，父親為家人最后彈奏了一次曼陀林。8．A.recognize B．a(chǎn)ppreciateC．read D．write答案C解析根據(jù)下文“但是父親在聽(tīng)過(guò)幾遍之后就會(huì)演奏”，可知父親不會(huì)讀(read)樂(lè)譜。故選C。9．A.study B．playC．make D．observe答案B解析彈奏樂(lè)器用play。故選B。10．A.abandon B．discussC．a(chǎn)dvocate D．regret答案D解析作者從來(lái)沒(méi)有學(xué)過(guò)彈奏曼陀林，這也是他后悔至今的事。regret后悔。故選D。11．A.family B．colleaguesC．a(chǎn)udience D．friends答案A解析由下文中的“hisabilitytoplaysowellforhisfamily”可知父親喜歡為他的家人(family)演奏曼陀林。故選A。12．A.wastin