專題14 首字母填空方法技巧及專練20篇（解析版）-2021-2022學(xué)年六年級英語下學(xué)期期末考點(diǎn)大串講（牛津上海版）

專題14首字母填空方法技巧及專練20篇（解析版）Ⅰ.專題知識梳理首字母填空題答題時要求既要使所填的詞在語法和語義上正確，又要使其符合短文內(nèi)容與情景的需要，所給出的詞首字母同時起著提示和限定的作用。它不僅考查學(xué)生在詞匯、語法等方面的基礎(chǔ)知識，還考察理解、推導(dǎo)、分析等綜合能力。考查重點(diǎn)是名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞和連詞、代詞、介詞這幾大詞類。能力考察詞匯量與具體運(yùn)用能力（基礎(chǔ)）句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力（確定詞性和詞形）語義、語境分析能力（確定詞義）邏輯推斷能力（確定詞義）前后文關(guān)鍵信息提取能力（更為準(zhǔn)確確定詞義）解題思路詞性的判斷（句法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞性的句法功能）詞義的判斷（句意理解）腦海中搜索符合相關(guān)條件的考綱詞匯復(fù)查（名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、動詞時態(tài)三單、形容詞副詞形式級別、固定搭配與文意等）Ⅱ.專題精講Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）【案例分析1】AschoolnewspaperTheTeensaskedoveronethousandteenagershowtheyspenttheirsparetime.Heretheyreportther81ofthesurvey.It’snotatallsurprisingtolearnthatmostteenssaidtheywantedmorefreetime.Mosthavelessthananhouradayforafter-schoolactivities.P82activitywaspopularamongbothgirlsandboys,averagingbetweenthreetosixhoursaweek.Favouritesportsamonggirlsweretennis,basketballandswimming.Boyssaidtheylikedfootball,basketballandskating.Speakingofentertainment,musicandTVwerepopular.Abouthalfofthosesurveyedsaidthatmusicwastheirfavouriteactivity.Thisi83bothlisteningtoandplayingmusic.TVwasalsoverypopular.ThreequarterssaidtheypreferredwatchingTVtoreadingabookormagazine.Unexpectedly,asmanyasthreeoutoftenteenagersmentionedthatcollectingthingswassomethingtheylikedtodointheirsparetime.Theyhadv84collectionsfromcartoonbooksandbaseballcardstostickers,toysandcoins.V85friendswasalsopopular.Eightoutoftenteenagerssaidtheymetfriendsonceaweek.NineoutoftensaidtheycontactedfriendsthroughtheInternet.A86popularwayofcontactingfriendswasthetelephone.Everyonewesurveyedsaidtheyspoketofriendseveryday.Mostsaidtheyspokeabouttwentyminutesaday.Surprisingly,teenagerss87wentdancing,especiallygirls.Onlyoneoutoftensaidtheywenttothedanceregularly.Keys:81.result(s) 82.Physical 83.included 84.various 85.Visiting86.Another 87.seldom名詞動詞形容詞副詞代詞12211【教師】前后文呼應(yīng)、理解(1)P82activitywaspopularamongbothgirlsandboys,averagingbetweenthreetosixhoursaweek.Favouritesportsamonggirlsweretennis,basketballandswimming.Boyssaidtheylikedfootball,basketballandskating.【答案】Physical 【精講】本空首先判定為副詞，接著根據(jù)后文提及的Favouritesports可知（2）Theyhadv84collectionsfromcartoonbooksandbaseballcardstostickers,toysandcoins.【答案】various【精講】本空首先初步判定為形容詞，雖也有可能填動詞分詞形式，形容詞概率大些，再根據(jù)后文的from.......to.....可知(3)V____85______friendswasalsopopular.Eightoutoftenteenagerssaidtheymetfriendsonceaweek.【答案】visiting【精講】根據(jù)后文的metfriends知道填拜訪訪問朋友，注意動詞放開頭做主語要用動名詞形式NineoutoftensaidtheycontactedfriendsthroughtheInternet.A86popularwayofcontactingfriendswasthetelephone.【答案】Another【精講】首先本空判定為形容詞或者具有形容詞性的代詞，再根據(jù)前文的throughtheInternet以及后文的thetelephone知表示另外一種方式。句間關(guān)系（遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、讓步等）(1)Surprisingly,teenagerss87wentdancing,especiallygirls.Onlyoneoutoftensaidtheywenttothedanceregularly.【答案】seldom【精講】根據(jù)surprisingly以及only，前后句成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步解釋說明青少年很少去跳舞。【案例分析2】華二開學(xué)摸底卷It’sagreatbutdifficultprojecttosetupapermanenthumansettlementonMars.Over200,000volunteersfrommorethan120countrieshaveappliedtotakeaone-waytriptoMars.Theproject,runbyaDutchcompanynamedMarsOne,aimstosendagroupofvolunteerstoMars,andbecauseofthephysiological(生理上的)changeinthehumanbodyafterastayonMars,there’dbenochanceofc81back.Soit’sonlyaone-waytrip!However,thathasn’tstopvolunteersbecomingoneofMars’firstcitizens.“Thisisturningouttobethemostwelcomejobinhistory.”SaysBasLansdorp,co-founderofMarsOne.Day-to-daylifeonMarswillbenoteasy.Thedailyworkwilli82buildinggreenhousesordoingsomeresearch---allinalonelyenvironment.Marsisnotf83tolife.Itsatmosphereissothinthatitwon’tprojectyoufromharmfulradiation(輻射)fromthesun.Youcan’tbreathetheairanditisverycoldonMars,withanaveragetemperatureofaround-50℃.ThereisnorunningwateronthesurfaceofMars.Thewaterisfrozenorhiddenu84.ButMarsOnesaystheprojectisnotlookingforvolunteerswithsomeskill,suchasasciencedegree.I85,theyarelookingforpeoplewhohave“adeepsenseofpurposeandresponsibility”.AsthefirstgroupofpeoplelivingonMars,volunteersshouldbe“willingtobuildingandkeepahealthyr86withtheEarth”.Theyalsowantvolunteerswhoare“curious,creative,andgoodatfindingwaysofdealingwithallkindsofproblems”.Thevolunteerwillreceiveatleasteightyears’trainingb87theyleaveEarth,thecompanysays.Thefirstgroupof24volunteersissettoflytoMarsin2004.Keys:81.coming82.include/involve83.friendly84.underground85.Instead86.relationship87.before名詞動詞形容詞副詞連詞22111【教師】前后文呼應(yīng)、理解(1)there’dbenochanceofc81back.Soit’sonlyaone-waytrip!【答案】coming【精講】判定此空的詞性為動詞，且前面是of所以填動詞的ing形式，根據(jù)后文的aone-waytrip可知Thedailyworkwilli82buildinggreenhousesordoingsomeresearch---allinalonelyenvironment.【答案】involve/include【精講】判定空格為及物動詞的原形，，再根據(jù)后文的buildinggreenhousesordoingsomeresearch(3)Marsisnotf83tolife.Itsatmosphereissothinthatitwon’tprojectyoufromharmfulradiation(輻射)fromthesun.【答案】friendly【精講】判定空格詞性為形容詞，再根據(jù)后文所提及的Itsatmosphereissothinthatitwon’tprojectyou......知道火星不適合人類ThereisnorunningwateronthesurfaceofMars.Thewaterisfrozenorhiddenu84.【答案】underground【精講】根據(jù)前文的norunningwateronthesurface可知表示地底下(5)Thevolunteerwillreceiveatleasteightyears’trainingb87theyleaveEarth.【答案】before【精講】首先判定本空詞性為連詞，根據(jù)意思知道是在離開地球之前接受培訓(xùn)的。句間關(guān)系（遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、讓步等）(1)ButMarsOnesaystheprojectisnotlookingforvolunteerswithsomeskill,suchasasciencedegree.I85,theyarelookingforpeoplewhohave“adeepsenseofpurposeandresponsibility”.【答案】Instead【精講】判定空格為副詞，再根據(jù)前面的轉(zhuǎn)折but以及isnotlookingfor........arelookingfor.Ⅲ.學(xué)法提煉知識收獲首字母考查詞性解題思路、方法重在句意理解、上下文分析注意事項(xiàng)二、方法總結(jié)1.通讀全文,通讀是為了知道這篇文章講什么，了解大意后才能做題。首填選篇第一句一般不設(shè)空，并且一般會給出主題，所以一定要細(xì)讀首句。跳過空格與生詞，要快速閱讀。2.詞性判定，邏輯關(guān)系,邏輯關(guān)系是全文的脈絡(luò)，也是理解文章最重要和最容易成為障礙的地方。閱讀時養(yǎng)成隨手圈劃邏輯關(guān)系詞的習(xí)慣，是提高理解文章能力的很好方法3.聯(lián)系上下文,有不少提示答案的關(guān)鍵信息，就出現(xiàn)在前后句甚至同句中。4.固定搭配、常識理解5.復(fù)查：名詞檢查單復(fù)數(shù)動詞檢查時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致等形容詞、副詞檢查形式、級別連詞檢查邏輯關(guān)系代詞檢查人稱、數(shù)、格介詞檢查句意、固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法三、技巧提煉通讀全文，了解大意

2.判斷空格填何種詞性，是名詞，是動詞，是形容詞，還是副詞等。3.根據(jù)上下文、句意填出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~；判斷詞的形式。（名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，動詞的形式、時態(tài)語態(tài)，形容詞、副詞的形式、級別等）4.復(fù)讀全文，全面檢查：根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容、上下文的語法結(jié)構(gòu)、邏輯發(fā)展進(jìn)行反復(fù)斟酌專題專練20篇一、短文首字母填空在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給。MynameisSophie.Whatwillmylifebelikei____1____tenyears?Iwillbe27yearsold.IwillliveinSydney,Australia.Iwenttherelastyearandlovedthec____2____.IamlearningEnglishnow.Intenyears,myE___3___willbegreat!IwillbeafashiondesignerbecauseIloveclothes.IwillhaveabeautifulhouseinSydneyandIwill1____4____alone.Iwon’thaveanypetsbecauseIwillbesobusy.Iwon’thavet___5___tolookafterthem.IwillhaveasportscarandIwilldrivee____6____.Idon’tliket____7____thebus!【答案】1．(i)n2．(c)ity3．(E)nglish4．(l)ive5．(t)ime6．(e)verywhere7．(t)aking【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是作者對十年以后生活的暢想。1．句意：十年后，我們的生活會什么樣？根據(jù)“Whatwillmylife...”可知時間狀語是將來的時間。intenyears表示“十年以后”。故填(i)n。2．句意：我去年去的那，我喜愛這個城市。the后接名詞，根據(jù)“Sydney,Australia”可知悉尼是一個城市，city表示“城市”。故填(c)ity。3．句意：十年以后，我的英語會很棒！根據(jù)“IamlearningEnglishnow.”可知現(xiàn)在在學(xué)英語，那么十年以后，英語會很棒。故填(E)nglish。4．句意：我會在悉尼有一棟漂亮的房子，我會獨(dú)自居住。根據(jù)“IwillhaveabeautifulhouseinSydney...”可知此處指居住房屋，live表示“住”，will后接動詞原形。故填(l)ive。5．句意：我沒有時間照顧它們。根據(jù)“Iwon’thaveanypetsbecauseIwillbesobusy.”可知作者很忙，沒時間照顧寵物。time表示“時間”。故填(t)ime。6．句意：我會有一輛跑車，我去哪都開車。此空為副詞修飾動詞，everywhere表示“到處”。故填(e)verywhere。7．句意：我不喜歡坐公交車。likedoingsth表示“喜歡做某事”，takethebus表示“乘坐公交車”。故填(t)aking。二、Intheolddays,inLondon,thesmog(煙霧)wasverythick.Drivershadtodriveverys__8__.Itwashardforthemtoseetheroadinfrontofthemevenduringthedaytime.Peopledidnotlikegoingoutinthesmog.I__9__theyhadtogoout,theyworemasks(面具)overtheirfaces.InDecember1952,averythickdarkcloudcamedownoverLondon.ItwastheheaviestsmogLondonershadeverhad.Aboutfiftypeopled__10__inroadaccidents.Andmanypeoplebecameunhealthy.Thesmogwasveryb__11__foroldpeopleandchildren.Onemansaid,“Thes__12__werealmostemptybecausepeoplestayedathomeasmuchaspossible.Theairwasverythick,andyoucouldalmostcutitwithaknife.”【答案】8．(s)lowly9．(I)f10．(d)ied11．(b)ad12．(s)treets【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹倫敦大霧的影響。8．句意：司機(jī)不得不慢速駕駛。根據(jù)“Intheolddays,inLondon,thesmog(煙霧)wasverythick.”可知霧大的時候，開車必須很慢。此空為副詞修飾動詞，slowly表示“慢的”。故填(s)lowly。9．句意：如果他們必須出去，他們臉上戴口罩。根據(jù)“...theyhadtogoout,theyworemasks(面具)overtheirfaces.”可知此句表?xiàng)l件，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。故填(I)f。10．句意：大約有50人在交通事故中喪生。根據(jù)“ItwastheheaviestsmogLondonershadeverhad.”可推測在這場有史以來最大的霧中，很多人在事故中喪生。die表示“死”，描繪過去的事，用一般過去時。故填(d)ied。11．句意：霧對老人和孩子很不好。bebadfor表示“對……不好”。故填(b)ad。12．句意：街上幾乎是空的，因?yàn)槿藗兌急M可能待在家。根據(jù)“...becausepeoplestayedathomeasmuchaspossible.”可知人都在家，所以街上是空的。street表示“街道”，根據(jù)were可知，主語是復(fù)數(shù)。故填(s)treets。三、Fillintheblankswithproperwords.（在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）Laughterisanimportantpartoflife.Itdoesgoodfortheb_____13_____andthemind.Forexample,tentofifteenminutesoflaughtercanb_____14_____50ormorecalories（卡路里）.However,don’trelyonlaughingtohelpyouloseweight.Itwouldtakemorethan12h_____15_____ofconstant（不斷地）laughingtolose0.45kilograms.Someresearcherse_____16_____believelaughtercanhelppeoplelivealongerlife.Theirstudieshaveshownthatlaughtercanboostone’simmunesystem（免疫系統(tǒng)）andhelptofightoffdiseases.Therefore,accordingtomanypeople,laughteristhebestmedicine.Sowhynots_____17_____yourdaywithalaugh?【答案】13．(b)ody14．(b)urn15．(h)ours16．(e)ven17．(s)tart【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述大笑對人身體和精神的好處。13．句意：它對身體和精神都有好處。此處“and”是并列連詞，根據(jù)“themind”可知，前文也是名詞，表示對“身體”和精神都有好處。body“身體”。故填(b)ody。14．句意：例如，10到15分鐘的笑可以燃燒50卡路里或更多的熱量。根據(jù)首字母以及“50ormorecalories（卡路里）.”可知，此處表示“燃燒”50卡路里或更多的熱量；can是情態(tài)動詞，后跟動詞原形。burn“燃燒”。故填(b)urn。15．句意：需要連續(xù)不斷地笑12小時才能減掉0.45千克。此處是固定句型：Ittakestimetodosth.“做某事需要時間”可知，根據(jù)前面數(shù)字“12”可知，此處表示“笑12小時”，因此這里用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。hour“小時”。故填(h)ours。16．句意：一些研究人員甚至認(rèn)為笑可以幫助人們活得更久。分析句子可知不缺成分，空格處單詞靠近動詞believe，因此用副詞修飾動詞；此處表示一些研究人員“甚至”認(rèn)為……。even“甚至”。故填(e)ven。17．句意：所以為什么不以笑開始你的一天呢？此處是固定句型：Whynotdosth.意為“為什么不做某事呢”；空格處需要一個動詞原形，此處表示作者建議讀者用笑開始每天，startaday意為“開啟一天”。故填(s)tart。四、在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,使其內(nèi)容通順,每空格限填一詞,首字母已給。FatherofHybridRice-YuanLongping雜交水稻之父——袁隆平Y(jié)uanLongpingwasbornin1937inChongqing,China.Hewasfromapoorfamily.Afterhegraduatedfrom(畢業(yè)于……)SouthwestAgricultureCollegein1953,hew____18____asateacherinaschoolinthewestofHunan.Hebeganhisresearchinricein1964andhedevelopedanewkindofrice.Farmerscouldgetmuchm____19____ricethanbefore.A____20____afewyears,hegottheFirstNationalSpecialPrizeforInventionin1981.Hewashonoredas(被譽(yù)為)“FatherofHybridRice”bythepeopleallovertheworld.Hewassofamous,buthecaredl____21____formoney.Hisworkbroughtgreatchangestotheworld.S____22____,helefttheworldon22May,2021.Hehadeversaid,“Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.”Astheyouth,weshouldrespecthimandr____23____hiswords.Hewillliveinourheartforever.【答案】18．(w)orked19．(m)ore20．(A)fter21．(l)ess22．(S)uddenly23．(r)emember【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了“雜交水稻之父”袁隆平的故事。18．句意：1953年，他從西南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后，在湖南西部的一所學(xué)校做一名老師。根據(jù)in1953可知，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時，結(jié)合首字母，判斷空格處詞義為“工作”，故填(w)orked。19．句意：農(nóng)民可以得到比之前更多的大米。根據(jù)“hedevelopedanewkindofrice”可知，農(nóng)民可以獲得更多大米。結(jié)合比較級標(biāo)志詞than，much“多”的比較級為more。故填(m)ore。20．句意：幾年后，1981年他獲得了第一個國家發(fā)明特別獎。結(jié)合首字母，空格處詞義為“在……之后”。故填(A)fter。21．句意：他很有名，但他很少在乎錢。carefor“關(guān)心，在意”；根據(jù)but表轉(zhuǎn)折可知，他不在乎錢，結(jié)合首字母，空格填“更少”。故填(l)ess。22．句意：突然，他在2021年5月22日離開了人世。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格應(yīng)填副詞。結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)填“突然”。故填(S)uddenly。23．句意：作為年輕人，我們應(yīng)該尊重并且記住他的話。respect動詞，“尊重”，結(jié)合句意，應(yīng)填“記住”。故填(r)emember。五、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)Topicforteenagerforum(青少年論壇)Ifyoucouldaddonesubjectatyourschool,whatwoulditbe?Why?JustinIwouldsuggestaddingsignlanguage(手語).Notmanypeopleknowhowtocommunicatewiththosewhohavehearingp____24____.Itwouldbeveryhelpfulifwecouldstarttolearnsignlanguagewhenwearey____25____.Thiswouldteachustotreatthosewhoarelessluckywithrespect.WilliamAsubjectthatgivesstudentsabetterunderstandingoft____26____.Accordingtosomesurveys,manymiddleschoolstudentsdon’thaveadream.Apersonw____27____adreamislikeashipsailingwithoutacompass(指南針).Studentswhocandiscovertheirstrengthsandweaknesseswillhavemoreconfidenceandpowerinlife.LucyItwouldbeatime-managementclass.Nowadays,manystudentsareaddicted(上癮的)totheirsmartphonesandotherkindsofelectronicdevices.Forexample,theysleepl____28____becausetheycan’tbalancetheirstudieswithgaming.Atime-managementclasswillhelpstudentsleadahealthylife.BenSelf-defense.Thiswouldbeusefulwhensomeoneisinasituationwherehen____29____toprotecthimself.YoumayarguethatP.E.lessonsareenough,butwesurelyneedtohavenewlessonstolearnsomeskillsofself-defense.Whatdoyouthinkoftheaboveideas?Welcometoleavemessagesorvoteforyourfavourite!【答案】24．(p)roblems25．(y)oung26．(t)hemselves27．(w)ithout28．(l)ate29．(n)eeds【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一個青少年論壇，討論如何學(xué)校需要額外增加一門課程，應(yīng)該是什么呢？四個學(xué)生分別發(fā)表了自己的看法。24．句意：沒有多少人知道如何與那些有聽力問題的人溝通。根據(jù)“Iwouldsuggestaddingsignlanguage”可知，建議增加手語課是要與有聽力問題的人溝通，problem“問題”，此空應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填(p)roblems。25．句意：如果我們能從小就開始學(xué)習(xí)手語，那將是非常有幫助的。are后接形容詞作表語，根據(jù)“Itwouldbeveryhelpfulifwecouldstarttolearnsignlanguagewhenweare”及首字母可知，小的時候就開始學(xué)習(xí)手語會很有幫助，young“年輕的”，故填(y)oung。26．句意：一門能讓學(xué)生更好地了解自己的學(xué)科。根據(jù)“Asubjectthatgivesstudentsabetterunderstandingof”及首字母可知，此處指讓學(xué)生們自己了解的學(xué)科，themselves“他們自己”，故填(t)hemselves。27．句意：一個人沒有夢想，就像一艘船沒有指南針航行。根據(jù)“l(fā)ikeashipsailingwithoutacompass”及首字母可知，此處指沒有夢想的人，without“沒有”，故填(w)ithout。28．句意：例如，他們睡得很晚，因?yàn)樗麄儫o法平衡學(xué)習(xí)和游戲。根據(jù)“sleep…becausetheycan’tbalancetheirstudieswithgaming”及首字母可知，此處指睡得晚，英文表達(dá)為sleeplate，故填(l)ate。29．句意：當(dāng)一個人處于需要保護(hù)自己的情況下，這將是有用的。根據(jù)“Thiswouldbeusefulwhensomeoneisinasituationwherehe…toprotecthimself”及首字母可知，此處指需要保護(hù)自己，needtodosth“需要做某事”，need是實(shí)義動詞，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語he是第三人稱，動詞用三單形式，故填(n)eeds。六、在短文的空格上填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,使其內(nèi)容通順,每空格限填一詞,首字母已給。AnnaDelPrioreisa107-year-oldwomanfromNewJersey,theUSA．Shewasdiagnosed(診斷)withCOVID-19inMayandsenttohospitalatonce.Whenhergranddaughterheardthenews,shewasa____30____thatAnnamightdie.L____31____,Annaonlyhadafeverandacough,andtheydidnotdevelopintosomethingworse.Andnowshegetsw____32____completelyandreturnshome.AnnaDelPriorebeattheSpanishfluwhenshewasjust6yearsold.Now,morethan100yearslater,shesuccessfullyfightsagainstCOVID-19.Peoplearoundherthinkitisamiracle(奇跡).Herfamilybelievethatahealthylifestyleisthek____33____toDelPriore’smanyvictories(勝利)overherillnesses.HergranddaughtersaidthatAnnaneverstoppedc____34____.Sheoftenwalkstothegrocerystoreandthebakerywithherfamily.Andshelovesdancing.Shesaysdancingmakesherfeelgoodandstayhealthy.Everynightshecooksherself,eatsvegetables,fruitsandnuts.She’samonthawayfromturning108,butshes____35____getsup,combsherhair,hasdinnerandwalkswithoutassistance.【答案】30．(a)fraid31．(L)ater32．(w)ell33．(k)ey34．(c)ooking35．(s)till【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要講述了一位來自美國新澤西州的107歲女性AnnaDelPriore，健康的生活方式是她戰(zhàn)勝疾病，取得勝利的關(guān)鍵。30．句意：當(dāng)她的孫女聽到這個消息時，她擔(dān)心Anna可能會死。根據(jù)上文“Shewasdiagnosed(診斷)withCOVID-19inMayandsenttohospitalatonce.”可知，她的孫女聽到這個消息，肯定會害怕安娜會死，was是系動詞，后加形容詞，結(jié)合首字母可知，afraid“害怕的”符合語境，故填(a)fraid。31．句意：后來，安娜只發(fā)燒和咳嗽，而且沒有惡化。根據(jù)下文“Annaonlyhadafeverandacough,andtheydidnotdevelopintosomethingworse.”可知，這是病情診斷出來以后的發(fā)展情況，結(jié)合首字母可知，later“之后”，是副詞，首字母大寫，故填(L)ater。32．句意：現(xiàn)在她完全康復(fù)回家了。根據(jù)“Andnowshegets...completelyandreturnshome.”可知，現(xiàn)在她已經(jīng)回家,說明病情已經(jīng)完全好轉(zhuǎn)，get是連系動詞，well符合意境。well“身體好”，是形容詞，故填(w)ell。33．句意：她的家人認(rèn)為，健康的生活方式是DelPriore戰(zhàn)勝疾病的關(guān)鍵。根據(jù)“Herfamilybelievethatahealthylifestyle”可知，此處是她的家人認(rèn)為，Anna多次戰(zhàn)勝疾病，取得勝利的關(guān)鍵在于她的健康的生活方式。thekeyto...“……的關(guān)鍵”，key“關(guān)鍵”，是名詞，故填(k)ey。34．句意：她的孫女說Anna從未停止做飯。根據(jù)下文“Everynightshecooksherself,eatsvegetables,fruitsandnuts.”每天晚上她自己做飯,吃蔬菜、水果和堅(jiān)果?？芍珹nna每天晚上還在堅(jiān)持自己做飯，從未停止過。短語stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”。cook“做飯”，是動詞，此處用動名詞，故填(c)ooking。35．句意：她離108歲還有一個月，但她仍然起床、梳頭、吃飯、散步，沒有任何幫助。根據(jù)“She’samonthawayfromturning108,”可知，此處是但她仍然起床、梳頭、吃飯、散步，沒有任何幫助，still“仍然，還”，是副詞，符合語境。故填(s)till。七、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給.Whatcomestoyourmindwhenyouseetheword“l(fā)ibrarian(圖書管理員)”?Manypeoplewouldprobablysay,“Theyarepeoplewhoorganizebooksinalibrary.”Whatelsedothesepeopledo?WespokewithKathrynBergeron,whoworksatapubliclibraryinAmerica,tofindthea___36___.Q:Whatjobsdoyouoftendo?A:Librariansdonotjustmakesurethebooksareontheserights___37___.Wealsodomanythingssuchashowtoordernewbooks,helpreadersfindtheresourcestheyneedandt___38___peoplehowtousenewtechnologies.Q:Howhasyourjobchanged?A:TheInternetisbothourbestfriendandourworstenemy.ManypeoplesaylibrariansaredyingoutbecausepeoplecangetmuchinformationfromtheInternete____39____.ButnoteverythingontheInternetistrue.Ithinkpeoplewillalwaysneedlibrariesandlibrarians.Q:What’stheworstpartofyourjobs?A:Librarianshavetocarryoutthelibraryrules.Often,thisisanormaljob.“Pleaseputyourshoeson,sir.”“Youcan’ts____40____inthelibrary.Yes,youweresnoring打呼嚕).”Butsomepeoplearerude.TheywillshoutatmeloudlywhenItellthemtheyhavebrokentherules.Itmakesmefeels_41_.ButIknowIamaherotoeverybodyelseintheroom.【答案】36．(a)nswer37．(s)helves38．(t)each39．(e)asily40．(s)leep41．(s)ad【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。通過采訪對話的形式，講述圖書管理員的工作職責(zé)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代下遇到的工作挑戰(zhàn)以及工作中會遇到的不愉快的事情。36．句意：我們采訪了在美國一家公共圖書館工作的凱瑟琳·伯杰隆，來找到答案。根據(jù)“Whatelsedothesepeopledo?”可知，是要通過采訪尋求這個問題的答案。故填(a)nswer。37．句意：圖書管理員不只是確保書放在正確的書架上。根據(jù)常識可知，圖書管理員的職責(zé)之一是整理書籍，將書籍放在正確的書架上；結(jié)合首字母提示可知，應(yīng)填shelf“架子”；且前有these修飾，因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填(s)helves。38．句意：我們也需要做許多事情，比如如何訂購新書、幫助讀者找到他們需要的資源、教會他們?nèi)绾问褂眯录夹g(shù)。根據(jù)首字母提示可知，此處是表達(dá)“教會讀者使用新技術(shù)”，且and之前并列動詞原形“help”，空格處也應(yīng)用原形。故填(t)each。39．句意：許多人說，圖書管理員正在消亡，因?yàn)槿藗兛梢詮幕ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)上輕松獲得很多信息。根據(jù)“ButnoteverythingontheInternetistrue.Ithinkpeoplewillalwaysneedlibrariesandlibrarians”可知，此處表示雖然網(wǎng)上獲取信息容易，但是網(wǎng)上并不是所有信息都正確，圖書館和管理員不可取代；且空格處修飾動詞get，要用副詞形式表示“容易地”，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填(e)asily。40．句意：你不能在圖書館里睡覺。根據(jù)“youweresnoring(打呼嚕)”可知，圖書館里不能睡覺打呼嚕影響他人；且空格處位于情態(tài)動詞can之后，應(yīng)用動詞原形。結(jié)合首字母提示，故填(s)leep。41．句意：那讓我很傷心。根據(jù)“TheywillshoutatmeloudlywhenItellthemtheyhavebrokentherules”可知，圖書管理員在告知讀者違反規(guī)定時，會遇到無禮讀者的粗魯對待，因此很難過。結(jié)合首字母提示，故填(s)ad。八、在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給出。Theowlalwaystookhersleepduringtheday.Asshegrewolder,theoldowlbecameangryeasilyifanyonedisturbedherdailysleep.Onewarmsummerafternoon,asshetookanapinanoldoaktree,agrasshoppernearbybegansinginga____42____.Theoldowl’sheadpoppedoutfromtheopeninginthetree.“Getawayfromhere,sir,”shesaidtothegrasshopper.“Ireallyh____43____noisysongs.Youaretoorude.Youshouldatleastrespectmyageandletmesleepinquiet!”Butthegrasshopperansweredp____44____thathehadasmuchright(權(quán)利)tostayinthisplaceastheowl.Hebeganaloudersong.Thewiseoldowlknewwellthatitwouldbenogoodtoarguewiththegrasshopper.Besides,hereyeswerenotsharpe____45____inthedaytime.Soshespokeverykindlytohim.“Well,sir,”shesaid,“NowIhaveawonderfulwinehere.Ithasthemagicpowertomakeyousingbetterthananyoneelse.Pleasecomeupandtastethisdeliciousdrinkwithme.”Thes____46____grasshopperbelievedtheowl’ssweetwords.Hejumpeduptotheowl’snest.Butassoonashewasnearthenestoftheoldowl,shec____47____himandatehimup.【答案】42．(a)loud43．(h)ate44．(p)roudly45．(e)nough46．(s)tupid##(s)illy47．(c)aught【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇寓言故事，講述貓頭鷹用用好話欺騙了蚱蜢，然后把他吃了。告訴我們不要被好話欺騙的道理。42．句意：一個溫暖的夏日午后，當(dāng)她在一棵老橡樹上打盹時，附近一只蚱蜢開始大聲唱歌。根據(jù)后文“Hebeganaloudersong.”可知，蚱蜢唱得很大聲，用副詞aloud修飾動詞。故填(a)loud。43．句意：我真的很討厭吵鬧的歌曲。根據(jù)“Getawayfromhere”和“Youaretoorude.Youshouldatleastrespectmyageandletmesleepinquiet!”可知，貓頭鷹很討厭吵鬧的歌曲，hate“討厭”，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是I，動詞用原形。故填(h)ate。44．句意：蚱蜢驕傲地說，它和貓頭鷹一樣有權(quán)利待在這個地方。根據(jù)“hehadasmuchright(權(quán)利)tostayinthisplaceastheowl.Hebeganaloudersong.”可知，蚱蜢認(rèn)為自己和貓頭鷹一樣有權(quán)利待在這個地方，所以很驕傲地說，用副詞proudly修飾動詞。故填(p)roudly。45．句意：此外，她的眼睛在白天也不夠銳利。根據(jù)“hereyeswerenotsharpe...inthedaytime”可知，貓頭鷹的眼睛在白天也不夠銳利，用副詞enough修飾形容詞sharp。故填(e)nough。46．句意：愚蠢的蚱蜢相信了貓頭鷹的甜言蜜語。根據(jù)“Thes...grasshopperbelievedtheowl’ssweetwords.”可知，愚蠢的蚱蜢相信了貓頭鷹的甜言蜜語，用stupid/silly作定語修飾grasshopper。故填(s)tupid/(s)illy。47．句意：但他剛一靠近老貓頭鷹的窩，她就抓住了他，把他吃了。根據(jù)“shec...himandatehimup”可知，貓頭鷹抓住了蚱蜢，吃了他。catch“抓住”，時態(tài)是一般過去時，動詞用過去式。故填(c)aught。九、Sixty-year-oldgrandmother,FionaMcFee,isgoingtostopworkingnextyear.Shedecidestorealizeac____48____dreamandsail（航行）aroundthecoastofScotlandinasmallboat.Althoughtheinsideoftheboatisverycomfortable,ithasnor____49____waterorelectricity.Fionasaysshecanlivewithoutthesethings,butsheplanstotakehersmallCDplayer,herhotwaterbottleandabagofbookstomakesurelifeisn’ttoou____50____.Weaskedherifshewasafraidofbeingatseaforsolong.Shesaid,“Well,I’mgoingtotakeagoodcompass（指南針）.AnywayI’mnotafraidofdeathb____51____Ilovethesea—Ijusthopeitlovesme.”Fionacertainlyhasplentyofenergy.Inhers____52____time,sheenjoysplayingthepiano,rock-climbing,canoeinganddancing.Althoughsheissixty,shedoesn’twanttohaveaquietandp____53____life.“I’mlookingforwardtohavingfunintherestofmylifeandthat’swhyI’dliketobeasailorforawhile.”【答案】48．(c)hildhood49．(r)unning50．(u)ncomfortable51．(b)ecause52．(s)pare53．(p)eaceful【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了一個老奶奶準(zhǔn)備完成兒時夢想的故事。48．句意：她決定實(shí)現(xiàn)兒時的夢想，乘小船環(huán)游蘇格蘭海岸。根據(jù)“FionaMcFee,isgoingtostopworkingnextyear.”及首字母可知，她已經(jīng)要停止工作了，所以她要實(shí)現(xiàn)她的童年夢想；童年childhood，此處是名詞作定語，故填(c)hildhood。49．句意：雖然船的內(nèi)部非常舒適，但它沒有自來水和電。根據(jù)“waterorelectricity.”及首字母可知，此處表示自來水runningwater，表示沒有自來水和電，故填(r)unning。50．句意：菲奧娜說，沒有這些東西她也能生活，但她計(jì)劃帶上她的小型CD播放機(jī)、她的熱水瓶和一袋書，以確保生活不會太不舒服

。根據(jù)“sheplanstotakehersmallCDplayer,herhotwaterbottleandabagofbooks”及首字母可知，她帶了很多東西，所以是為了確保她的生活不會太不舒服；不舒服的uncomfortable，形容詞。此處是形容詞作表語，故填(u)ncomfortable。51．句意：不管怎樣，我不害怕死亡，因?yàn)槲覑鄞蠛！抑幌Ｍ鼝畚?。根?jù)“I’mnotafraidofdeath”及“Ilovethesea”可知，我不害怕死亡和我愛大海之間是因果關(guān)系，此處用because，表示“因?yàn)椤保侍?b)ecause。52．句意：在她的空閑時間，她喜歡彈鋼琴，攀巖，劃獨(dú)木舟和跳舞。根據(jù)“sheenjoysplayingthepiano,rock-climbing,canoeinganddancing.”及首字母可知，此處表示她在空閑時間會做這些事；空閑時間sparetime，故填(s)pare。53．句意：雖然她已經(jīng)60歲了，但她不想過平靜祥和的生活。根據(jù)“quietandp”及首字母可知，and前后詞性一致，意思相近；quiet是安靜的，形容詞，故用peaceful，表示“寧靜的”，故填(p)eaceful。十、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords:“Ihateschool,andI’mnotgoingback!”Doyouhavethatthought?Lotsofkidsdo.U____54____thisfeelingdoesn’tlastlong.Butwhatwillhappenifyoufeelthiswaytoomuch?Youmayfeelveryworried.Schoolisafactoflifeandstudyingcanhelpyoub____55____thekindoffuturelifeyouwant.Ifyoudon’tlikeschool,thefirststepistof____56____outthereason.Youmightnotlikeschoolbecausesomeoneisbothering(打擾)you.Ormaybeyoudon’tlikeyourteachers.Youmightfeeldifferentorworrythatyoudon’thaveenoughfriends.Maybetheworkistoohard,oryoudon’tfeelyouareclever.Readingmaybed____57____foryou,butyouhavetodolotsofreadingafterclass.Whenyouknowwhyyoudon’tlikeschool,youcanstarttakingstepstomakethingsb____58____.【答案】54．(U)sually55．(b)uild56．(f)ind57．(d)ifficult58．(b)etter【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了幾個如何喜歡上學(xué)校的技巧。54．句意：通常這種感覺不會持續(xù)很長時間。根據(jù)“…thisfeelingdoesn’tlastlong.Butwhatwillhappenifyoufeelthiswaytoomuch…”以及首字母可知這種情況通常不會持續(xù)很久，usually“通?！?，副詞。故填(U)sually。55．句意：學(xué)習(xí)可以幫助你建立你想要的未來生活。根據(jù)“studyingcanhelpyou…thekindoffuturelifeyouwant.”以及首字母可知此處指“建立未來生活”，build“建立”，helpsb.dosth.“幫助某人做某事”。故填(b)uild。56．句意：如果你不喜歡學(xué)校，第一步是找出原因。由常識可知，首先要找到不喜歡學(xué)校的原因，findout“查明，找出”，動詞不定式符號to后加動詞原形。故填(f)ind。57．句意：閱讀對你來說可能很困難，但你必須在課后做很多閱讀。根據(jù)“Readingmaybe…foryou,butyouhavetodolotsofreadingafterclass”可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明“閱讀對你來說可能很難”，difficult“困難的”，形容詞作表語。故填(d)ifficult。58．句意：當(dāng)你知道你為什么不喜歡學(xué)校時，你就可以開始采取措施讓事情變得更好。根據(jù)“Whenyouknowwhyyoudon’tlikeschool,youcanstarttakingstepstomakethings”可知當(dāng)知道原因之后，會采取措施讓事情變得比之前要好，better“更好”，形容詞比較級。故填(b)etter。十一、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)Travellinghasbeenmoreandmorepopularwithpeople.Ifyoudon'twanttos___59___yourholidaytravellingonabus,restinginthehotelorsittingonthebeach,youmaytryhiking.Hikingisanactivityofgoingoutforalongwalkforfun.Itisagreatwaytotravel.Youwillgetclosetonatureandtakeexercise.Youcanseelotsofriversandgrassatthesametime.Hikingise___60___todo.Thethingsyouneedarejustgoodshoes,clothesandabigbag.Hikingdoesn’thavetobeveryexpensiveaswell.Youcanhikeinmountains,inaforestoralongariver.Itwon’tcostyoumuch.Ifyougowithyourfriends,youcanhaveatalkwiththemontheway.Hikingisfunandit'sgoodforyourhealth.Hereissomea___61___onhiking.

Bringwater,agoodmapandaphone.

Don'thikealone(單獨(dú)的).Youshouldn’tf___62___safety.Itisthefirst.

Wearahattoprotectyourselffromthesun.

Takeanu___63___withyousothatyouwon’tgetwetintherain.Whynotputonyourhikingshoesandtakeahikenow?【答案】59．spend60．easy61．a(chǎn)dvice62．forget63．umbrella【解析】【分析】如果你不想花費(fèi)你的假期在汽車上旅行，在旅館里休息或坐在海灘上，你可以試試徒步。徒步非常的簡單，而且不貴，本文給出了一些關(guān)于徒步的建議。59．句意：如果你不想花費(fèi)你的假期在汽車上旅行，在旅館里休息或坐在海灘上，你可以試試徒步。spend+時間+（in）doingsth.表示“花費(fèi)時間做某事”；wanttodosth表示“想要做某事”，因此此空為動詞原形。spend表示“花費(fèi)”。故答案為spend。60．句意：徒步很容易做到。此空為形容詞作表語，構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)Thethingsyouneedarejustgoodshoes,clothesandabigbag.Hikingdoesn’thavetobeveryexpensiveaswell.可知徒步需要的東西不多，并且也不貴。結(jié)合句意和首字母可推測“徒步很容易做到”。easy表示“容易的”。故答案為easy。61．句意：這些是關(guān)于徒步的一些建議。some后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式或不可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后面四條內(nèi)容可知這里是給出的建議。advice表示“建議”，不可數(shù)名詞。故答案為advice。62．句意：你不要忘記安全。此空為謂語動詞，shouldn’t為情態(tài)動詞，后接動詞原形。結(jié)合句意可知此空表示“忘記”，用forget表示。故答案為forget。63．句意：隨身帶一把傘，以便雨中不會弄濕。an后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，并且以元音音素開頭。根據(jù)youwon’tgetwetintherain.可知要隨身攜帶傘。umbrella表示“雨傘”。故答案為umbrella。十二、Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給)ABikeHire(租用)PlanHasStartedinLondonLondonhasbecomeacyclefriendlyareaaftertheactionofanewbikehireproject.Ithasbeendesignedtoencourage(鼓勵)m____64____peopletocycleinandaroundcentralLondon.Sohowdoesitwork?Firsty