2024年人教版中考英語二輪語法復(fù)習(xí)專題　句子的種類

專題句子的種類中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法梳理1知識梳理注：并列句與復(fù)合句在專題十四進(jìn)行講解2考點精講精練Challenge

yourself寫出下列簡單句的類型。1.Peterwastherichestinhistown.（

主＋系＋表

）2.Wehelpourclassmateswiththeirstudyandotherthings.（

主＋謂＋賓＋賓補

）3.Shewon’tgiveupherdream.（

主＋謂＋賓

）4.Ican’tsleepwellthesedays.（

主＋謂

）5.HeshowsMikesomephotos.（

主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓

）簡單句通常只由一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成，按句子功能一般分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。主＋系＋表主＋謂＋賓＋賓補主＋謂＋賓主＋謂主＋謂＋間賓＋直賓簡單句的基本句型知識點1?基礎(chǔ)題1.（2023·云南改編）TodayisFather’sDay，andIplan??

toprepare

?（prepare）adinnerformyfather.2.（2023·天津改編）Thegrapesarevery??

fresh

?（新鮮的）andtheyalsotastegood.toprepare

fresh

3.（2023·株洲改編）Althoughthestormbrokemanythingsapart，itbrought??

us

?（we）closertogether.4.（2022·長沙模擬）Atnineteen，JohannStraussdecided??

todevote

?（devote）himselftomusic.us

todevote

?易錯題5.（2023·樂山改編）Mrs.Smithteaches??

us

?（we）chemistry.6.（2023·綏化改編）IsawLily??

dancing

?（dance）whenIpassedherroom.7.She??

married

?（marry）anicemanlastmonth.us

dancing

married

?

?類型例句備注主語＋謂語（不及物動詞）Thesun??

rises

?intheeasteveryday.太陽每天從東方升起。某些不及物動詞加特定介詞后可帶賓語，如listento等主語＋謂語（及物動詞）＋賓語She??

keeps

?alovelypetdog.她養(yǎng)了一條可愛的寵物狗。賓語為代詞時，要用賓格代詞rises

keeps

類型例句備注主語＋系動詞＋表語Thenoodle??

tastes

?good.面條味道很好。表語多為名詞或形容詞，系動詞look，taste，smell等后面常跟形容詞作表語主語＋謂語（及物動詞）＋間接賓語＋直接賓語Mymotherbought??

me

?anewshirt.我媽媽給我買了一件新襯衫。常見的此類動詞：give，buy，show，pass等主語＋謂語（及物動詞）＋賓語＋賓語補足語Thesoftmusicmademe??

relaxed

?.輕音樂使我放松。常見的此類動詞：make，keep，let，see，hear，notice等tastes

me

relaxed

陳述句知識點2?基礎(chǔ)題1.（2023·孝感改編）Chinese??

isspoken

?（speak）bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldnowadays.2.（2023·廣西改編）BecauseLisahasahearingproblem，thestudents??

arenotableto

?（不能）workwithhereffectively（有效地）.3.Youshould??

notkeep

?（notkeep）otherswaiting.isspoken

arenotableto

notkeep

?易錯題4.（2023·自貢改編）—Mike，wearetoldnot??

toanswer

?（answer）thephonewhilecrossingthestreet.—Iamsorry.Iwon’tdoitagain.5.（2022·郴州改編）Remember??

toturnoff

?（turnoff）thelightwhenyouleavetheclassroom.6.Theshop??

closes

?（close）at8∶00p.m.toanswer

toturnoff

closes

?

?用途例句肯定的陳述，表示

“是如此”WatchingEnglishprograms??

is

?agoodwaytolearnEnglish.看英語節(jié)目是一個學(xué)習(xí)英語的好方法。否定的陳述，表示“不是如此”Youcan’t??

treathim

?likethat.你不能那樣對待他。is

treathim

注：否定句是在be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后加not，常用縮略形式，要注意人稱、時態(tài)的一致。疑問句知識點3?基礎(chǔ)題1.（2023·武威改編）—??

Howoften

?doyouexercise？—Everyday.2.（2023·武威改編）—??

How

?doyoulearnthesewordsbyheart？—Byusingthemindifferentways.Howoften

How

3.（2023·連云港改編）—??

Howlong

?haveyoubeenamemberoftheYouthLeague？—Forthreeyears.4.（2023·綏化改編）—Hi，dad.??

Where

?are

myshoes？—Theyareunderyourbed.Howlong

Where

?易錯題5.（2022·郴州改編）—??

Howfar

?isitfromyourhometoyourschool？—Twentyminutes’walk.6.??

Which

?citywouldyouliketochoosetolivein，Chengdu，BeijingorShanghai？7.—??

Whattime

?isthemoviegoingtostart？

—Idon’tknow.Whynotchecktheticket.Howfar

Which

Whattime

?

?類型用途句型例句一般疑問句詢問一件事或情況是否屬實1.be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語＋表語/動詞原形/分詞？2.答語：Yes，主語＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞./No，主語＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋not.—Canyou??

sing

?thissong？你會唱這首歌嗎？—Yes，I??

can

?./No，I??

can’t

?.是的，我會。/不，我不會。sing

can

can’t

類型用途句型例句特殊疑問句針對句子某一具體成分提問特殊疑問詞＋謂語/一般疑問句？—How??

did

?you??

get

?toBeijingyesterday？你昨天怎么到北京的？—I??

went

?therebyplane.我乘飛機去的。did

get

went

類型用途句型例句選擇疑問句提供兩種或兩種以上的情況供選擇1.一般疑問句＋or＋另一個選擇項？2.特殊疑問句＋選擇項＋or＋另一個選擇項？—Doyou??

wanttoeat

?noodlesordumplings？你想吃面條還是餃子？—??

Noodles

?.面條。（就選擇項直接回答）wanttoeat

Noodles

祈使句知識點4?基礎(chǔ)題1.（2023·甘肅改編）

??

Keep

?（keep）tryinganddoyourbest.2.（2023·綏化改編）—Attention，please！??

Stay

?

insidebecauseoftheheavyrain.—Wewill，Mr.Li.Keep

Stay

3.??

Don’trun

?（run）intheicyroad.4.Never??

throw

?（throw）therubbishbeforethrowingitintotherightbins.Don’trun

throw

?易錯題5.??

Putaway

?（Putaway）yoursmartphones，andreadforatleast30minuteseveryday！6.It’sanimportantspeech.??

Don’tbe

?

（notbe）late.7.Hurryup，??

or

?youwon’tseethefamouswriter.Putaway

Don’tbe

or

?

?祈使句表示請求、命令、勸告、叮囑、號召、建議等。類型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定祈使句動詞原形＋其他??

Sitdown，please

?.請坐。Let＋賓語＋動詞原形＋其他??

Let’sbegin

?！我們開始吧！Be＋表語＋其他??

Becareful

?，please.請小心。否定祈使句Don’t/Never＋動詞原形＋其他??

Don’tdo

?thatagain！不要再那樣做！No＋名詞/動名詞＋其他No??

smoking

?here！這兒禁止吸煙！Sitdown，please

Let’sbegin

Becareful

Don’tdo

smoking

?

?

1.“Do＋動詞原形＋其他！”表示一種強烈的感情或請求，do起強調(diào)作用。如：Dofinishyourhomeworkontime！務(wù)必要按時完成家庭作業(yè)！2.祈使句后可跟and或or連接的表結(jié)果的句子，該句常用一般將來時。如：Comeearly，andyouwillcatchthebus.早點來，你就會趕上早班車。Hurryup，oryou’llbelate.趕快，要不然你會遲到。感嘆句知識點5?基礎(chǔ)題1.（2023·吉林改編）??

Whatan

?interestingmovieitis！Iwanttoseeitagain.2.（2023·綏化改編）—OurschoolvolleyballteamwonthefirstprizelastFriday.—Wow，??

what

?greatnews！Whatan

what

3.（2023·株洲改編）??

Whata

?beautifulday！Let’stakeawalkbythelake.4.（2023·涼山改編）

—??

How

?cleantheclassroomis！—Soitis.Thestudentscleaniteveryday.Whata

How

?易錯題5.（2022·常德）??

What

?adifferenceadaymade！Myfamilydecidedtostayatthehotel.6.（2021·邵陽改編）??

What

?funitistogotoMountLangafterthegraduationexamination！7.—Ourclasswonthefirstprizeintoday’sbasketballmatch.—??

What

?excitingnewsitis！We’reallgladaboutit.What

What

What

?

?感嘆句是表示說話時的驚異、喜悅、氣憤、哀傷等強烈感情的句子。通常由What或How引導(dǎo)，What后以名詞為中心，How后以形容詞或副詞為中心，句末常用感嘆號。

類型結(jié)構(gòu)例句What型What＋a/an＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式（＋主語＋謂語）！??

Whata

?beautifulfloweritis！這是一朵多么漂亮的花??！Whata

類型結(jié)構(gòu)例句What型What＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式/不可數(shù)名詞（＋主語＋謂語）！??

Whatimportantdecisions

?theyhavemade！他們做了多么重要的決定??！??

Whatsweetwater

?itis！多么甜的水??！Whatimportantdecisions

Whatsweetwater

類型結(jié)構(gòu)例句How型How＋形容詞＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式（＋主語＋謂語）！??

Howbeautiful

?aparkitis！多么漂亮的一個公園??！How＋形容詞/副詞（＋主語＋謂語）！??

Howexciting

?themovieis！這部電影多么激動人心啊！How＋主語＋謂語！??

Howtimeflies！

?時間過得多么快啊！Howbeautiful

Howexciting

Howtimeflies！

Therebe句型知識點6用be或have的適當(dāng)形式填空?基礎(chǔ)題1.（2023·甘肅改編）There??

is

?abigtreebehindtheshop.Youcanseemanybirdsinit.2.（2022·益陽改編）Look！There??

are

?somecowseatinggrassonthehill.is

are

3.（2022·岳陽聯(lián)考）There??

are

?alotofleaveslyingonthestreetafterthestorm.4.（2022·湘西改編）There??

is

?onlyoneearth

butmillionsofpeopleintheworld，soweshouldprotecttheearth.are

is

?易錯題5.There??

is

?plentyofinformationaboutAIonthewebsite.6.There??

is

?littlemoneyforMr.Smithtobuyanewcoattoday.7.Henryisnewintheschoolandhe??

has

?fewfriendshere.is

is

has

?

?

Therebe句型表示“某地或某時有某人或某物”，there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有實際意義，句中的be與離它最近的名詞在數(shù)方面保持一致。（就近原則）時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時Thereis/are＋sb./sth.＋地點狀語??

Thereis

?abookonthedesk.桌上有一本書。一般過去時Therewas/were＋sb./sth.＋地點狀語/表示過去的時間狀語??

Therewere

?manypeopleonthestreetlastnight.昨晚街上有很多人。Thereis

Therewere

時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般將來時Therewillbe（is/aregoingtobe）＋sb./sth.＋地點狀語/表示將來的時間狀語Thereis??

goingtobe

?anEnglishspeechcontestnextFriday.下周五將有一場英語演講比賽。與情態(tài)動詞連用There＋情態(tài)動詞＋be＋sb./sth.＋地點狀語/時間狀語??

Theremustbe

?somecuteanimalsinthezoo.動物園里一定有一些可愛的動物。goingtobe

Theremustbe

Therebe句型的句式變化：句式變化規(guī)則例句否定句一般是在be動詞（或助動詞）后面加not??

Thereisn’t

?anymeatinthefridge.冰箱里沒有肉。一般疑問句一般是把be動詞提前到句首—??

Arethere

?manypeopleintheparkonholidays？節(jié)假日公園里有很多人嗎？—Yes，thereare./No，therearen’t.是的，有。/不，沒有。Thereisn’t

Arethere

注：Therebe句型表示“在某處有某物”，強調(diào)客觀存在；have表示“擁有”，是一種所屬關(guān)系。如：Thereisalittlepoolintheyard.院子里有個小水池。Ihaveapetdog.我有一只寵物狗。3最新真題演練

一、根據(jù)語境,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~(組)填空。what

howoften

how

which

howlong1.—

doyougotothecinema?

—Twiceamonth.2.—

doyouexpecttolearnfromthenews?

—Iexpecttherearesomegoodnewsofourcountry.3.—

haveyoubeenamemberoftheYouthLeague?

—Forthreeyears.HowoftenWhatHowlong

4.—

isthebusinessdoing?

—Itgoeswell.Ithinkourteamcandoitbetternex