2022年全國中考英語真題(江蘇河南廣東四川安徽河南等)匯編16閱讀理解考點(diǎn)3說明文(解析版)

專題16閱讀理解

考點(diǎn)3說明文

（一）（2022.湖南益陽?中考真題）

Doyouknowhowtocook,cleanorgrowplants?Ifnot,youwillsoon.Thesewillbepartoflabor（勞動）

educationstartingthisautumn.

Anewstandardforlaboreducationrecentlycameout.Studentsinprimaryandmiddleschoolwillhaveatleast

onelaboreducationclassaweek.Theywilltryandexperiencedifferentkindsoflaborandlearndifferentlifeskills

andevenjobskills.Thestandardincludesdifferenttasksforeachgrade.Forexample,studentsinGrade5and

Grade6willlearntocooktwoorthreecommondishes,likefriedeggsoreggsoupwithtomatoes.

LaboreducationcanenrichChinesestudents,life.Chineseschooleducationdidn'tpayenoughattentionto

thisinthepast.Accordingtoa2019report,Chinesekidsonlydo12minutesofpracticalactivityeachday.

Thenewstandardalsocallsonfamiliestotakepartinstudents5laboreducation.Theywillmakehousework

liststohelpstudentsbemoreindependent.

Besideshouseworkskills,studentswillhaveachancetotrynewtechnologieslike3Dprinting.Theywillalso

learntomaketraditionalhandicrafts（手工藝品）.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whenwilllaboreducationstart?

A.Thisautumn.B.Nextyear.C.Twoyearslater.

2.XiaoHuawillbeinGrade6nextterm,shewill.

A.learnonlyonelifeskill

B.leamtocooktwoorthreecommondishes

C.haveatleasttwolaboreducationclassesaweek

3.LaboreducationinChinacan.

A.enrichstudents9life

B.makeparentsdomorehousework

C.makestudentshavelessschoolwork

4.Howwillfamilieshelpstudentsbemoreindependent?

A.Bymakinghouseworklists.B.Bydoinghomeworkforthestudents.

C.Byaskingstudentstodoeverythingathome.

5.Inlaboreducationclass,whatwillstudentsNOTlearntodo?A.Try3Dprinting.B.Maketraditional

handicrafts.C.Sellthingsonline.

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.A

4.A

5.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

本文主要介紹了今年秋天開始，勞動教育將成為中國教育的一部分，并列舉了中小學(xué)生需要掌握的技能。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thesewillbepartoflabor（勞動）educationstartingthisautumn.（這些將是今年秋

天開始的勞動教育的一部分。）可知是在今年秋天，故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"studentsinGrade5andGrade6willlearntocooktwoorthreecommondishes,"（五年

級和六年級的學(xué)生將學(xué)習(xí)烹飪兩到三道普通菜）可知六年級的學(xué)生將學(xué)習(xí)烹飪兩到三道普通菜。故選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“LaboreducationcanenrichChinesestudents'lifb."（勞動教育可以豐富中國學(xué)生的生活。）

可知勞動教育可以豐富中國學(xué)生的生活。故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theywillmakehouseworkliststohelpstudentsbemoreindependent.”（他們將列出家

務(wù)清單，幫助學(xué)生更加獨(dú)立。）可知是列出家務(wù)清單。故選A。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Besideshouseworkskills,studentswillhaveachancetotrynewtechnologieslike3D

printing.Theywillalsolearntomaketraditionalhandicrafts（手工藝品）（除了家務(wù)技能外，學(xué)生們還有機(jī)

會嘗試3D打印等新技術(shù)。他們還將學(xué)習(xí)制作傳統(tǒng)手工藝品）可知會學(xué)習(xí)3D打印，學(xué)習(xí)制作傳統(tǒng)手工藝品。

故選Co

（二）（2022?湖南益陽?中考真題）

InancientChina,willowbranches（柳枝）wereoftenusedasagifttofriends

andfamilymemberswhowouldleave.Doyouknowwhywillowbranchesareasymbolofsayinggoodbye?

Onereasonisthatwillowtreesarestrong.Theycanliveinanysoil,wetordry,northorsouth.Becauseofthis

specialfeature,whensayinggoodbyetolovedones,givingawillowbranchisawaytotellthemyouhopetheywill

easilygetusedtotheirnewlivingenvironment.

Anotherreasonisthat,inChinese,thepronunciationforthewillowtree"柳"issimilartothecharacter”留

SogivingawillowbranchinancientChinawaslikeaskingtheotherstostay,eventhoughyouknowthattheymust

leave.

IfssaidthatthiscustombecamepopularduringtheHanDynasty.Atthattime,Baqiao,abridgeinChang9an,

today'sXi'an,wasacommonplacetosaygoodbye.Peopleoftenstoppedthereandhandedwillowbranchesto

peoplewhoweregoingtodepart.

Willowbranches,asasymbolofsayinggoodbye,wereoftenmentionedinpoems,especiallyatthetimeofthe

TangandSongdynasties.

6.WhowerewillowbranchesoftenusedasagifttoinancientChina?

A.One'sparentswhowouldstay.

B.One'sfriendsandfamilymemberswhowouldleave.

C.One'slovewhowouldcomebackafterbeingawayforalongtime.

7.Accordingtothepassage,thewillowtreescanliveinanysoilbecausetheyare.

A.magicB.beautifulC.strong

8.GivingawillowbranchinancientChinawaslike.

A.askingtheotherstostayB.askingtheothersforhelpC.wishingtheotherstoleave

9.Theunderlinedword“depart"inParagraph4probablymeans""inChinese.

A.返回B.離開C.相遇

10.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Akindofstrongtree—Willowtrees

B?Acommonplacetosaygoodbye—Baqiao

C.Asymbolofsayinggoodbye-Willowbranches【答案】6.B

7.C

8.A

9.B

10.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了柳枝在古代的含義。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InancientChina,willowbranches（柳枝）wereoftenusedasagifttofriendsandfamily

memberswhowouldleave.”可知在中國古代，柳枝經(jīng)常被用來作為禮物送給即將離開的朋友和家人。故選B。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Onereasonisthatwillowtreesarestrong.”可知一個原因是柳樹很結(jié)實(shí)。故選C。8.細(xì)

節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SogivingawillowbranchinancientChinawaslikeaskingtheotherstostay”可知在中國古代，

送一根柳枝就像請別人留下?樣。故選A。

9.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Peopleoftenstoppedthereandhandedwillowbranchestopeoplewhoweregoingtodepart.^^

可知人們經(jīng)常在那里停下來，把柳枝遞給即將離開的人。由此可知depart指的是“離開工故選B。

1（）.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“Doyouknowwhywillowbranchesareasymbolofsayinggoodbye?”可知文章主要介紹

了柳枝表示再見的含義。故選C。

（三）（2022?內(nèi)蒙古通遼?中考真題）

HometotheyearlyWorldInternetConference（WIC）,Wuzhen,awatertowninEastChina'sZhejiang

Province,hasalwaysbeenconnectedwithtechnology.

Wuzhen'sPeople'sParkwasbuiltinthe1950s.Butthistraditionalparkisnowacenterwiththelatest

technologies.Poweredbytechnologiesincluding5G,AIandAR,23interactivedisplayshavebeensetupinthe

park.

AnAIassistantisplacedatthepark'sentrance.Fromtheweatherforecasttothepriceofmeatandvegetables,

itprovidesdaily-lifeinformationforthelocalpeople.

SquaredancingispopularinChina.Abigscreenhasbeenputupinthepark'ssquare,anddancerscanlearn

routines（路線）fromthescreenoruseitasamusicplayer.UsingAR,dancerscanseethemselvesthroughthe

specialcamera,makingthescreena“mirror”.

Therubbishcansherearesmart,too.Therubbishcanopensbyitselfwhenitsensessomethingmovingnear.It

thensortstherubbishandtellsyouwhichkinditfallsin.

Thevirtual（虛JU的）zoointheparkisthechildren'sfavorite.Byusingthepark'sapptoscan（掃描）thearea,

visitorscancheckoutvirtualanimalsbyARcameras.

Theparkisnotjustacollectionoftechnologiesputtogetherfornoreason.Alltheservicesweredesigned

accordingtopeople'sactualneeds,whichshoweduswhat''technology+''couldbelikeinthefuture.

11.WhatisWuzhenfamousforaccordingtothetext?

A.AR.B.Awatertown.C.Technologies.D.ThePeopledPark.

12.WhatwillyoufirstseewhenyougotoWuzhen'sPeople'sPark?

A.ARcameras.B.Abigscreen.C.Smartrubbishcans.D.AnAIassistant.

13.Whatwilltherubbishcandowhensomethingmovesnear?

①Itopens.

②Itscanspeople.（3）Itsortstherubbish.

@Ittellspeoplewhichcantodrop.

@Itputstherubbishpeoplethrowintherightcanbyitself.

A.①③⑤B.①③④C.②④⑤D.②③④

14.Whydochildrenlikethevirtualzoointhepark?

A.Becausetheycanusethepark'sapp.

B.BecausetheycanseetheanimalsonTV.

C.Becausetheycanplaymobilephonesfreely.

D.Becausetheycanseemanykindsofvirtualanimalsthere.

15.Whatmayourfuturelifebelikeaccordingtothetext?

A.Thetechnologieswillservepeoplebetter.

B,Peoplecangoanywherebycarforfree.

C.AlltheAIassistantswillbehereandthere.

D.Allthepeoplemustlearntechnologies.

【答案】U.C

12.D13.B

14.D

15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些科學(xué)技術(shù)在烏鎮(zhèn)的應(yīng)用。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wuzhen,awatertowninEastChina'sZhejiangProvince,hasalwaysbeenconnectedwith

technology.“可知，烏鎮(zhèn)一直與科技聯(lián)系在一起，所以烏鎮(zhèn)以科技聞名。故選C。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AnAIassistantisplacedatthepark'sentrance.”可知，人們?nèi)蹑?zhèn)人民公園時最先映入

眼簾的是一個人工智能助手。故選D。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Therubbishcanopensbyitselfwhenitsensessomethingmovingnear.Itthensortsthe

rubbishandtellsyouwhichkinditfhllsin.”可知，當(dāng)垃圾桶感覺到附近有東西移動時，它就會自動打開。然后

它會把垃圾分類，告訴人們垃圾屬于哪一類，應(yīng)該扔到哪種垃圾箱。故選B。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Byusingthepark'sapptoscanthearea,visitorscancheckoutvirtualanimalsbyAR

cameras.”可知，孩子們可以通過AR攝像頭觀看各種虛擬動物，所以孩子們喜歡虛擬動物園。故選D。15.推

理判斷題。根據(jù)“AHtheservicesweredesignedaccordingtopeople'sactualneeds”可知，所有的服務(wù)都是根據(jù)

人們的實(shí)際需求設(shè)計的，推知科技會更好的服務(wù)人們。故選A。

（四）（2022?湖南株洲?中考真題）

Japanrecentlyshowedtheworld'sfirstDual-ModeVehicle（DMV）,amini-bus-liketrainwhichrunsbothon

roads,likeabus,andonrails,likeatrain.

Itlooksjustlikeabusbutitdefinitelymakesanimpressionintermsofpracticaluse.Itrunswithnormal

rubbertires（輪胎）ontheroad.Butwhenitneedstobecomethetrainmode,thefronttireswillbeliftedup,andthe

backwheelsstaydowntopushthevehicle.Thechangefrombustotraintakesonlyabout15seconds.

“TheDMVcanworkasabusandrunontotherailwayaswell,"ShigekiMiura,CEOofAsaCoastRailway,

toldReuters.uWeexpectittohelpmanyoldpeopleinthecountryside.Wealsohopeitcanattracttouristswithits

manybeautifulcolors.^^

Itcancarryupto21passengersandrunataspeedof60km/hintrainmode,andupto100km/hasabus.

ShigekiMiuraalsotoldthenewsreporterconfidentlythatthespecialvehiclecouldhelpsmalltownslike

Kaiyowithanagingandshrinking（減少的）population.Intheseplaces,itismoreandmoredifficultfor

conventional（傳統(tǒng)的）transportationcompaniestomakemoney.Inthenearfuture,manymoreDMVswillconnect

severaltowns,coveringpartofthecoastofShikokuislandandofferingpassengersprettyseasideviews.

16.Accordingtothepassage,DMVis.

A.astrangebusB.anewcarC.amini-bus-liketrain

17.WhatisthespeedofDMVasatrain?

A.30km/h.B.60km/h.C.100km/h.

18.WhatdoesShigekiMiurathinkofDMV?

A.Itisusefulandhelpful.B.Itisbigandpopular.C.Itissafeandcheap.

19.Inthenearfuture,manymoreDMVswill________.

A.producesomerubbishB.helpoldpeopleinthecityC.connectseveraltowns

20.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TravelinShikokuIsland

B.ABeautifulSmallJapaneseTown

C.TheWorld'sFirstDual-ModeVehicle

【答案】16.C

17.B18.A

19.C

20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

本文主要介紹了11本生產(chǎn)的世界上第一輛雙模式車輛的特點(diǎn)和作用。

16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Japanrecentlyshowedtheworld'sfirstDual-ModeVehicle（DMV）,amini-bus-liketrain

whichrunsbothonroads,likeabus,andonrails,likeatrain.”可知,DMV是一種類似于小型公共汽車的火車。

故選C。

17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itcancarryupto21passengersandrunataspeedof60km/hintrainmode,andupto100

km/hasabus.”可知，DMV在列車模式下的速度是60公里/小時。故選B。

18.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Weexpectittohelpmanyoldpeopleinthecountryside.”可知，ShigekiMiura認(rèn)為DMV

是有用的。故選Ao19.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthenearfuture,manymoreDMVswillconnectseveraltowns,

coveringpartofthecoastofShikokuislandandofferingpassengersprettyseasideviews.“可知，在不久的將來，

更多的雙模式車輛將連接幾個城鎮(zhèn)。故選C。

20.標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，根據(jù)“Japanrecentlyshowedtheworld'sfirstDual-ModeVehicle（DMV）,a

mini-bus-liketrainwhichrunsbothonroads,likeabus,andonrails,likeatrain.”可知，本文主要介紹了日本生產(chǎn)

的世界上第一輛雙模式車輛。故選C。

（五）（2022?湖南株洲?中考真題）

TomatoesarethemostpopularcropamongAmericanhomegardeners.Thesmellofhomegrowntomatoeswill

makeyouthinkoflovelysummers.Anadvantageofgrowingyourowntomatoesisvariety（品種豐富）.Ifyou

visitagardencenter,youwillfindseeds（種子）andsmallstarterplantsforyellowtomatoes,purpletomatoes,

hugetomatoes,andevenverysmalltomatoes.Therearekindsyousimplycan'tfindatalocalfoodstore.

GardenwriterJessicaDamianolovestomatoes.Infact,shecreatedandhostedTheGreatLongIslandTomato

competitionwhileworkingforalocalnewspaperinNewYork.Thecelebrationsofpeoplewholovetomatoesor

“tomatophiles“continuedfbr13years.Onetomatothatwasenteredintothecompetitionweighedmorethan2.3

kilos.

Damianoalsogottomeetandspeakwiththecompetitivetomatogrowerswhoraisedthewinningfruits.Itdid

nottakelongforhertonoticesomecommonpracticesamongthem.

First,startseedsearlyindoorsandthenplantthemintolargercontainersbeforemovingthemoutdoors.Plant

themdeeplyintothesoil,about30cmabovetheground.Thiswillproducestrongplants.

Then,givethetomatoesplentyofwater,softsoil,heatandlight.Itisbesttogrowtomatoesinaplacethat

receivesatleastsixhoursofsunlighteachday.Remembertoremoveweeds（雜草）becausethiscanprotect

tomatoesfromdiseasesandpests,givingtheplantsenoughnutrientstoproducefruit.

Lastbutnotleast,tomatoesgrowbestinsoilwithapHlevelbetween6.0and6.8.IfthepHreadingislower

than6.0,youcanaddabout2cupsoflimeintothesoilforeachplant.Makesuretomixitdeepintothesoil.

Ifyouwanttogrowreallybigtomatoes,trythosetipsfromexpertgrowersandyoumayhaveabigharvest!

21.Whatisanadvantageofhomegrowntomatoes?A.Look.B.Cost.C.Variety.

22.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutJessicaDamiano?

A.Shecreatedandhostedatomatocompetition.

B.Shegrewahugetomatoweighing2.3kilos.

C.Shelikedeatingtomatoesverymuch.

23.Theunderlinedword/containers“inParagraph4means""inChinese.

A.集裝箱B.容器C.貨柜

24.Tomatoescangrowbetterif.

A.theyareplantedindoorsB.theyreceiveenoughsunlightC.theygrowwithweeds

25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Howtogrowtomatoesathome.

B.Whypeopleliketomatoes.

C.Whentoholdtomatocompetitions.

【答案】21.C

22.A

23.B

24.B

25.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在家種植西紅柿的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，西紅柿大賽的創(chuàng)辦以及如何在家里種植西紅

柿。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anadvantageofgrowingyourowntomatoesisvariety.”可知，自己種植西紅柿的一個

優(yōu)點(diǎn)是品種豐富。故選C。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Infact,shecreatedandhostedTheGreatLongIslandTomatocompetitionwhileworking

foralocalnewspaperinNewYork.”可知，她創(chuàng)辦并主持了一場西紅柿比賽。故選A。

23.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“…plantthemintolargercontainersbeforemovingthemoutdoors.“可知，此處指把種子

放入更大的容器內(nèi)，"containers”意為“容器”。故選B。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itisbesttogrowtomatoesinaplacethatreceivesatleastsixhoursofsunlighteachday.”

可知，如果陽光充足，西紅柿?xí)L得更好。故選B。25.主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是最后一段“Ifyouwant

togrowreallybigtomatoes,trythosetipsfromexpertgrowersandyoumayhaveabigharvest!”可知，本文的主旨

是如何在家種植西紅柿。故選A。

（六）（2022?湖南湘西?中考真題）

IntheChinesehistory,writingtoolsplayanimportantrole.Amongthem,thewriting

brushisthefirstonethatshouldbepaidattentionto.

ThebeginningofthewritingbrushinChinacandatebackto（追溯到）theNeolithicAge（新石器時代）,while

itspopularitywasduringtheWarringStatesperiod（戰(zhàn)國時期）.ThistooliswidelyusedinChinesewritingand

painting.

Nowadays,calligraphy（書法）classesaretaughttostudentsatschool.Teachersteachstudentshowtousethe

writingbrushtoenjoyandspreadtraditionalChineseculture.Thesoftbrushcancreatestrongandpowerfullines

onpaper.Butthatonlycomesthroughyearsofhardwork.Ifyouwanttobeanexcellentwritingartistandbe

highlypraisedbyothers,youneedtokeeppracticingforalongtimeeveryday.

FormanyChineseartists,thebrushismorethanawritingtool."Itseemsinmyblood,whenIpickupthe

writingbrush,suddenlymythoughts,ideasandevenstoriesbuildarelationshipwiththebrush,^^saidLiuQinghe,a

famousChineseartist.Withagoodwritingbrush,whenweputourideasintoit,wegiveitlife.

26.Amongwritingtools,isthefirstonethatshouldbepaidattentionto.

A.paperB.inkC.thewritingbrush

27.WhattimecanthewritingbrushinChinadatebackto?

A.TheNeolithicAge.B.TheWarringStatesperiod.C.TheSpringandAutumnperiod.

28.Whichofthefollowingcandescribethelinescreatedbythewritingbrush?A.Weakandcareful.B.Strong

andpowerful.C.Straightandbeautiful.

29.Whydotheteachersteachstudentshowtousethewritingbrush?

A.Totellallstudentstousethewritingbrushoutofclass.B.ToenjoyandspreadtraditionalChineseculture.

C.Tohelpstudentsgethighgradesinexaminations.

30.Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?

A.Ifyouwanttobeanexcellentwritingartist,youneedtokeeppracticing.

B.Calligraphyclassesaren'ttaughttostudentsatschoolnow.

C.ThewritingbrushisonlywidelyusedinChinesewriting.

【答案】26.C

27.A

28.B

29.B

30.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)文化中重要的一部分——毛筆。它歷史悠久，屬于文房四寶

之一，至今仍深受人們的喜愛。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Amongthem,thewritingbrushisthefirstonethatshouldbepaidattentionto.”可知寫字

工具中毛筆是首先要被注意的。故選C。

27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"ThebeginningofthewritingbrushinChinacandatebacktotheNeolithicAge,whileits

popularitywasduringtheWarringStatesperiod.”可知中國毛筆的起源可以追溯到新石器時代。故選A。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thesoftbrushcancreatestrongandpowerfullinesonpaper.”可知毛筆勾勒出的線條可

以是強(qiáng)有力的。故選B。

29.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"TeachersteachstudentshowtousethewritingbrushtoenjoyandspreadtraditionalChinese

culture.”可知老師們教學(xué)生使用毛筆是為了欣賞和傳播中國傳統(tǒng)文化。故選Bo

30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Butthatonlycomesthroughyearsofhardwork.Ifyouwanttobeanexcellentwritingartist

andbehighlypraisedbyothers,youneedtokeeppracticingforalongtimeeveryday."可知如果你想成為一名優(yōu)

秀的寫作藝術(shù)家，你需要不斷練習(xí)。故選A。

（七）（2022?遼寧大連?中考真題）

?Otters（水猴）arecutewateranimals.Recently,therehasbeenatrend（趨勢）ofkeepingthemaspets.In

Japan,some“ottercafes^areopenforbusiness.Peoplecanpaytoplaywiththeottersthereandtotakephotoswith

them.InIndonesia,peoplegoswimmingwiththeirpetottersandtake“fUnny"videos.Thesephotosandvideos

postedonlinehaveattractedmorepeopletobuyottersaspets.

?However,thesephotosandvideosmaskthefactthattheonlinetradeisdoingharmtootters.Inthewild,

babyottersusuallystaywiththeirmothersduringtheirfirstyearoflife.Accordingtoareport,70percentofotters

soldonlineareunderayearold.Thesebabyottershavebeenstolenfromtheirmothers.Whenthey'rekeptaspets

byhumans,theydonotlivefull,naturallives.

?Ottersareverysocial（群居的）.Theyliveinfamilygroupsofuptofifteeninthewild.Keepinganotterasa

petcanmakeitverysadandlonely.Theseanimalsalsoneedenoughspacetoswim.Theirowners'bathtubs（浴缸）

orpoolsaremuchsmallerthanthebodiesofwaterinthewild.

④Ontheotherhand,itisnotwisetokeepottersaspetsathome.Theyhaveaveryspecialfishysmell.If

they9rekeptindoors,theywillleavealotofdroppingsaroundthehouse.Thiswouldmakethesmellevenmore

unpleasant.Besides,whenottersareupset,theywillmakeloudnoisesandevenattack（攻擊）people.Ifapersonis

bittenbyanotter,heorsheneedstogotothehospitalimmediately.

⑤So,whatcanwedotostoptheotterpettrade?Well,oneofthemainwaysistoletmorepeopleknowthat

ottersshouldnotbekeptaspets.Weshouldalsokeepaneyeononlinepostsabouttheseanimals.Whenphotosand

videosshowbabyottersbeingkeptorsoldaspets,don'tsharethem.

31.Peopleliketokeepottersaspetsbecausetheyare____________.

A.lonelyB.cuteC.friendlyD.quiet

32.Theunderlinedword“mask"hastheclosestmeaningto________

A.showB.protectC.hideD.change

33.Becauseoftheonlinepettrade,otters____________.

A.mayoftenfallillB.can'tliveasociallifeC.havenofoodtoeatD.haveno

placetoswim

34.WhatdoesParagraph④mainlytellus?

A.Ottersdon'tmakegoodpets.B.Ottersaredangeroustopeople.

C.Ottersmayliveahardlifeaspets.D.Ottersoftenmakeamessintheroom.

35.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.lbstoppeoplefromkeepingpetsathome.

B.Tointroducethewaysofprotectingpetotters.

C.Toshowthefactsoftheonlineotterpettrade.D.Totellpeopletosaynototheotterpettrade.

【答案】31.B

32.C

33.B

34.A

35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】

本文主要介紹了可愛的水動物——水猴的生活習(xí)性，同時呼吁人們停止水猴寵物交易。

31.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ottersarecutewateranimals.Recently,therehasbeenatrendofkeepingthemaspets.”

可知人們喜歡養(yǎng)水猴當(dāng)寵物，因?yàn)樗鼈兒芸蓯?，故選B。

32.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“thefactthattheonlinetradeisdoingharmtootters.”可推知照片和視頻掩蓋了對水猴造

成傷害這個事實(shí)，所以mask應(yīng)該是“隱藏，隱瞞:故選C。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ottersareverysocial.Theyliveinfamilygroupsofuptofifteeninthewild.Keepingan

olterasapetcanmakeitverysadandlonely.”可知因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)上寵物交易，水猴無法過群居生活，故選B。

34.段落大意題。根據(jù)"Ontheotherhand,itisnotwisetokeepottersaspetsathome.Theyhaveaveryspecial

fishysmell....Besides,whenottersareupset,theywillmakeloudnoisesandevenattackpeople.Ifapersonisbitten

byanotter,heorsheneedstogotothehospitalimmediately."（另一方面，把水猴當(dāng)作寵物養(yǎng)在家里是不明智

的。它們有一種特別的魚腥味……此外，當(dāng)水猴不高興時，它們會發(fā)出很大的噪音，甚至攻擊人。如果一

個人被水猴咬傷，他或她需要立即去醫(yī)院。）可知第④段主要講水猴不是好寵物。故選A。

35.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“So,whatcanwedotostoptheotterpettrade?Well,oneofthemainwaysistoletmore

peopleknowthatottersshouldnotbekeptaspets."（那么,我們能做些什么來阻止水猴寵物貿(mào)易呢?嗯,一個

主要的方法是讓更多的人知道水猴不應(yīng)該被當(dāng)作寵物飼養(yǎng)。）可推知這篇文章主要目的是呼吁人們停止水猴

寵物交易，故選D。

（A）（2022?遼寧沈陽?中考真題）

Wouldyoutryfoodmadeofrubbish?WhenworldleadersgottogetherattheUNforameetingonclimate（氣

候）change,theyhadaspeciallunch.Thefoodwasmadefromsomethingthatmostofuswouldthrowaway.There

wasasaladmadeofvegetablescraps（剩菜葉）.Theleadersalsohadhamburgersmadeoffruitleftoverfrom

juicing.

TheUNsaidthisremindedpeopleaboutfoodwasteandthebadinfluenceithasonclimatechange.4tFood

wasteisnotoftennoticedinclimatechange,andthatisshamefulwhensomanypeopleareinhunger.^^saida

governmentsecretary.

Mostpeopledon'tevenrealizehowmuchfoodtheythrowawayeveryday.Sometimestheycookloomuchor

theydon'tuseitintime.Everyyearmorethanone-thirdofallfoodproducedworldwidegoestowaste,according

totheUN.Stopthewaste,andthewholeworldcouldsave$300billionfromwastedfood.Moreimportantly,it

couldalsodolessharmtotheenvironment.

Thinkaboutabagofcheese（奶酪）.Beforewebuyitatthestore,peoplehavetoraisethecows,dealwiththe

milk,anddrivetotheshoptosellthecheese.Ifyouthrowthecheeseaway,youhavewastedenergy,fuel（燃料）and

water,whichgiveoutgreenhousegasesthataddtoglobalwarming.

TheUNsaidifwestopthrowinggoodfoodaway,wecouldcutdownupto17milliontonsofCO2.Thegood

ofthatwouldbethesameastakingoneineveryfourcarsofftheroad.

36.Whydidthewriterthinkthelunchwasspecial?

A.Becausethevegetablesweremadeintojuice.

B,Becausetheleadershadasaladandhamburgers.

C.Becausefoodwascookedfromsomethingthrownaway.

D.Becausethelunchwaspreparedwithdifferentfreshfruits.

37.Whatdoesfoodwasteinfluenceatlast?

A.Fuel.B.Cars.C.Cows.D.Climate.

38.Whatcanyouinfer（推斷）fromthetext?

A.Evensmallactionscanhelpmakeourworldbetter.

B.Weshouldbuyabagofcheesefromthesupermarket.

C.Mostpeoplehavealreadypaidattentiontofoodwaste.

D.Savingfoodismoreimportantthandrivingcarslessoften.

39.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Cheese—HealthyforpeopleB.Ameeting—TraditionalattheUNC.Foodwaste—Badforthe

environmentD.Greenhousegases—DangeroustotheEarth

【答案】36.C

37.D

38.A

39.C

【解析】【導(dǎo)語】

本文是一篇說明文，介紹目前的食物浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象，呼吁我們節(jié)約糧食。

36.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)"Thefoodwasmadefromsomethingthatmostofuswouldthrowaway.”可知，這些食物是由

我們大多數(shù)人會扔掉的東西制成的。故選C。

37.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Ifyouthrowthecheeseaway,youhavewastedenergy,fuelandwater,whichgiveout

greenhousegasesthataddtoglobalwarming.”可知，如果你把奶酪扔掉，你就浪費(fèi)了能源、燃料和水，釋放出

加劇全球變暖的溫室氣體。所以食物浪費(fèi)最后會影響氣候。故選D。

38.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，生活中我們煮的食物過多就會導(dǎo)致浪費(fèi)，如果我們不浪費(fèi)，除了減少

食物浪費(fèi)外，還可以減少對環(huán)境的傷害。由此推知，即使是像不要煮過多食物這樣小的行為，也能讓我們

的世界變得更美好。故選A。

39.

最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要介紹目前的食物浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象，呼吁我們節(jié)約糧食?！笔澄锢速M(fèi)——對環(huán)境有害”符合主題。

故選C。

（九）（2022.山東日照?中考真題）

Whenyoudosomerunning,youhavealotofenergywhichcomesfromthemovementofyourbody.When

yousuddenlystop,yourbodylosesthisenergy.Wealreadyhavewatchesandsmallmedicaldevises（設(shè)備）which

canuseenergythatwemakewhenwemove.Inthefuture,peoplelikepoliceofficersandsoldiersmaywear

devicesontheirlegsto“catch“thislostenergyandkeepitinbatteries（電;也）.Theycould