2024屆上海市嘉定區(qū)高三二?？荚囉⒄Z(yǔ)試題

2023學(xué)年高三年級(jí)第二次質(zhì)量調(diào)研英語(yǔ)試卷（滿分140分考試時(shí)間120分鐘）I.ListeningComprehension（25分）SectionA（10分）Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Pepper. B.Salt. C.Water. D.Flavour.2.A.Thecouplehasoverslept. B.Theflightwasoverbooked.C.Therewassevereweather. D.Amechanicalissueoccurred.3.A.$155. B.$135. C.$165. D.$145.4.A.Hewasoutofmoney. B.Hemisplacedhiswallet.C.Hepaidbillslate. D.Hefeltstressedatwork.5.A.Makingdetailedweekendplan. B.Whethertohavedinnertogether.C.Reasonsforbeinginarush. D.Timingofdinneraroundafilm.6.A.Hefailedthetest. B.Hemissedthetest.C.Hegotadecentgrade. D.Heearnedthecredit.7.A.Typinghispresentation. B.Overcominganxiety.C.Attendingjobinterviews. D.Critiquinghisspeech.8.A.ThemancooksIndianfoodfrequently. B.Themandislikestherecommendedfood.C.Thewomanseemstoenjoycomplexflavour. D.ThewomantriedIndianmealstwoweeksago.9.A.Getanewcomputer. B.Closebrowserwindows.C.Addmorefreezingice. D.Purchasememorysticks.10.A.Guestspreferbeertowine. B.Shecouldn'tdecideonthedrinks.C.Havingvarieddrinkoptionsissafer. D.Biggroupsrequirelargequantitiesofdrinks.SectionB（15）Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions1lthrough13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Itshowedupinaknowledgefair. B.Itwasdesignedbyagroupofstudents.C.Itwasmadeofrecycledmaterials. D.Itcouldworkwithoutthepowersource.12.A.Speakandintroduceitself. B.Movearoundinalargearea.C.Detectandavoidobstacles. D.Respondtovoicecommands.13.A.Heisthehostoftheknowledgefair. B.Heearnsalotofmoneyastheprize.C.HeuseselectronicskittobuildLarry. D.Heunderstandstheworkingsofrobots.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Theytrytodiscoverthefullpictureoflifeintheuniverse.B.Theystarttoemergeduetoenvironmentalproblems.C.Theyfocusonlyonrareorendangeredspecies.D.Theyareinterestedinthegraysidewalk.15.A.Asanacademicsubjectthatfewareinterestedin.B.Asanenjoyablelifestylechoiceforyoungpeople.C.Asaprofitablecareerpursuedbyuniversitystudents.D.Asagrowingenvironmentalmovementacrosssociety.16.A.Visitmorenaturalhistorymuseums.B.Makechangestowardsagreenerlifestyle.C.Pursueacareerasaprofessional.D.Contributetounderstandingthelifepuzzle.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Theman'sfailureinfinalexams. B.Theman'scareerprospects.C.Thewoman'snewemployment. D.Thewoman'spersonalstory.18.A.Hehadtoofewinterviewsbecauseofheavycoursework.B.Herejectedthecompanybecausehedislikedtheboss.C.Hehadwaitedforamonthbeforereceivingtheoffer.D.Hewasrejectedbythecompanyandfeltdepressed.19.A.Themanshouldreadthejobadscarefully.B.Themanshouldaskhisseniorfriendsforhelp.C.Themanshouldtrytoselltheproductshimself.D.Themanshouldexploretheemployer'sbusinessfully.20.A.Memorizingfinancialknowledge. B.Solvingabusinesschallenge.C.Presentinghispersonalqualities. D.Arrivingearlyattheinterview.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA（10分）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheDayISurvivedIthadbeenrainingbucketsthatweek,andauthoritieshadissuedafloodwarning,thoughnotforwhereIwas.Still,Ihadplacedsandbagsontheflooroutsidemygardendoorjustincase.AsIwasdriftingofftosleep,Isuddenlyheardthesoundofrushingwater,（21）___Iwerelyingbesideawaterfallinsteadofinmybedroom.WhenI（22）___（swing）mylegsoffthebed,Iwasshockedbythesensationofcoldwaterlappingagainstmykneesandrisingfast.（23）___（feel）mywayinthedarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneandturnedontheflashlight.AsIsteppedoutofmybedroom,waterwasshootingthroughthegapsofthegardendoor.Thewater（24）___havegoneoverthesandbags,Ithought.Allaroundme,mythingsbegantofloat:chairs,bookshelves,andpiecesofmydrumset.Iheardthegardendoorstartingtobreakdown（25）___thepressureoftheflood,andthewaterwasnowuptomywaist.Ibegantopanic.Inbarefeetandwithmyshorts（26）____（glue）tomybody,Istartedtowalktomyonlyescape:thedoorthatleadsupstairs.Istruggledtothedoorandtriedtopullitopen,buttheforceofthewaterwouldn'tletmedoso.Ilookedaroundandgrabbedabroom（27）___wasfloatingbehindme.Usingittopry（撬）openthedoor,Imanagedtomakeagapofaboutafoot,justwideenough（28）___（force）myselfthrough.Finally,Imadeitoutside.IfIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.Theentireneighborhoodwasdestroyedbytheflood.Later,we（29）___（assure）thatsomethinglikethishappensonlyonceevery100years.Ihopeso.Itpainsmetosee（30）___wasoncealovely,cozystreetnowturnsintoawaterscape.SectionB（10）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,filineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.A.conserve B.wrinkly C.stationary D.exceptional E.oddities F.nursing G.timely H.sounding I.generalize J.comprise K.rules TheCuriousWorldofBatsNotallbatsareunbelievablyadorable,liketheonebelow.Manyofthemhave31facesandlargeearsthathelpthem"see"inthedark,usingecholocation（回聲定位）.Butallbatsare,withoutadoubt,32creatures.Scientistsaretypicallyreluctantto33aboutbatsbecausetheymakeupsuchalargeanddiversegroupofwingedanimals.Withnearly1,500species,bats34aboutone-fifthofallmammal（哺乳動(dòng)物）speciesonEarth.Butonethingthatcanbesaidaboutthemasagroupisthattheyare,innot-so-scientificterms,veryodd."Theybreakallthe35,"saidCoriLausen,abatexpertattheenvironmentalgroupWildlifeConservationSocietyCanada.Beingabletoflyisjustoneoftheir36,sincemammalsrarelyfly.Apartfromthat,batscanalsopushtheirheartratetoextremehighsandlows-asslowasonebeatperminute.Manybatspeciescangointoaperiodofdeepsleep,knownas"torpor",forafewhoursadayorevenforweeksto37energywhenit'scoldorfoodisunavailable.Andwhilemostsmallmammalshaveshortlivesandlotsofbabies,somebatscanlivefortwodecadesormoreandtypicallyhavejustonebabyperyear.Forhowmuchenergytheyneed,it'salsosurprisingthatmanybatspecies,includingmostofthoseintheUS,relyoninsectsaloneforfood.Theyhavetoeatridiculousquantitiesofthem.Amomthatis38ababycancatchmorethan4,000insectsinonenight.Oddly,althoughbatscanfly,theycan'teasilytakeofffroma（n）39position,likemostbirdsandinsectsdo.That'sonereasonwhytheyhangupsidedown-batshavetogainthemomentumtheyneedbyfalling."Forthem,it'snotupsidedown,"Fricksaid."It'sflight-sideready!"Whilebatsremainhighlyunderstudiedrelativetobirdsandothermammals,scientistsare40thealarm.InNorthAmerica,morethanhalfofallbatspeciesareatriskofseverepopulationdecline.Climatechange,theysay,threatenstoonlyspeeduptheirextinction.III.ReadingComprehension（45）SectionA（15分）Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Picturethis:you'reouttodinnerwithafriendwhoyouknowmakesalotmoremoneythanyoudo.Whenyouopenthe41,yourheartsinks.There'snotadishinsightthatislessthan$35,andevenasoupisgoingtorunyou$18.Youprobablyvow（發(fā)誓）to42dollarpizzaslicestherestofthemonthtobalanceoutthisdinner.43,thistime,whatifyoujustturnedtoyourfriend,closedthemenu,andsaid,"Sorry,Ihavetobehonest.Ican'taffordthis.Let'sgosomewhereelse?"That'stheideabehind"loudbudgeting",atrendthatcouldnotonlyrelieveyouofthe44burden,buthelpyoudealwiththesesortsofstressfulsituationsbothmentallyandemotionally.Inanagewheneverybodyisshowingoffnicethingsonsocialmediaand45tobesomethingthey'renot,itfeelssomewhatrevolutionarytojusttellthetruthaboutwhatyoucan'tafford.ThetermwasfirstintroducedbyTikTok（抖音）comedianLukasBattle.Battleexplainedhisconceptinaninterview:simplyput,loudbudgetingisbeing46aboutwhatyoudoanddon'twanttospendmoneyon.Sincehisvideo,theconcepthascaughtonrapidlyamongthe47,whoarepointingoutthatithascomeatasignificanttimewheneverythingisuncontrollablyexpensive.It'snotjustaTikTokthingthough.Eventhoseinthefinancialservicesindustryareonboardwiththe48.NikolinaCuca,afinancialadvisor,saysthatshe'sseensocialmediaaddpressuretoherclients,causingthemtospend49onluxuryitems."Thereshouldbenoshameabouttryingtomatchyourspendingtoyourmeans.Thistrendhelpsyoungpeoplemoderatespendingby50theideaoflivingwithinbudgets."Beyondjustsavingmoney,loudbudgetingisalsobringingpeoplecloser.Honestmoneytalksleadtogreaterrespectamongfriendsandfamily.By51discussingmoneygoals,peoplearecreatingstrongerbondsbasedonmutualunderstandingforeachother'sfinancialsituations.Andperhapsthemostvaluablepartoftheloudbudgetingtrendisthatitprovidesasenseof52.Forexample,ifyoutellafriendyouaretryingtocutbackspendingondrinksout,youaremuch53tostickwiththegoalthanifyoujustkeepittoyourself.Withitsfocusonbeingopen,spendingwisely,andbuilding54,loudbudgetingismorethanjustapassingtrend,butacoolwayfortheyoungergenerationto55theirfinances.Asmorepeopleadoptthisapproach,itislikelytostayabigpartofhowwehandlemoneyinthefuture.41. A.door B.menu C.bill D.wallet42. A.appealto B.leadto C.stickto D.objectto43. A.Otherwise B.Meanwhile C.Therefore D.However44. A.financial B.cultural C.physical D.economical45. A.refusing B.pretending C.agreeing D.guaranteeing46. A.worried B.angry C.honest D.excited47. A.male B.female C.young D.old48. A.tradition B.truth C.treasure D.trend49. A.belowtheirstandards B.beyondtheirmeans C.towardstheirgoals D.despitetheirdifferences50. A.normalizing B.criticizing C.memorizing D.visualizing51. A.endlessly B.intelligently C.openly D.formally52. A.belonging B.accountability C.flexibility D.rigidity53. A.lessmotivated B.lessequipped C.morehesitant D.morelikely54. A.connections B.business C.habitats D.reputation55. A.losefaithin B.takechargeof C.doawaywith D.makeupforSectionB（22）Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B.CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）Whatmakesacertainpieceofwritinggreat?Well,itdependsonwhomyouask.Thereare,inmymind,threedifferentreaders:casualreaders,litcritics,creativewriters.TheywouldsaythefollowingaboutCharlotteBront?'sJaneEyre:Casualreader:Jane'sstoryisveryrelatable,especiallytowomenwhosurvivedtheirteenageyears.Thestory'selementsofromance,mystery,andcoming-of-agemakeitenjoyabletoread.Literarycritic:JaneEyrepullsinspirationfromtheGothicandromanticliterarytraditions.TheatmosphericsettingmirrorsJane'sinnerworldandservesasacharacteritself.Creativewriter:Janehasanappealingcharacterandherpursuitofafulfillinglifeistimeless.WhileJane'semotionsareoftenverbose（冗長(zhǎng)的），eachwordstillfeelsnecessaryinmostpassages.AlloftheseresponsesarereasonableinterpretationsofthegreatliteraryworkJaneEyre.What'sthedifferencebetweenthesethree?Thecasualreaderisprimarilyinterestedinthestory'srelatabilityandentertainmentvalue;theliterarycritic,whoknowshowtoreadliteraturelikeaprofessor,looksforwaystosituatethisworkinitsbroaderliterarycontext.Thecreativewritermustdoboth:thejobofthecasualreaderandthejobofthecritic.He/sheengageswiththeworkonapersonallevelwhilealsoresearchingwhatmakesaworksuccessful.ThisisReadingLikeaWriter（RLW）,whichmeansbeingimpactedbyapieceofliteraturewhileinvestigatinghowthewriterdidit.Successfulworksofwritingsucceedfordifferentreasons-adistinctivevoice,movingstorytelling,anempoweringmessage,etc.Writersdon'tmaketheachievementrandomly:theyearnitbycraftingeveryplotpointandcharacter,everylinebreak,withcareandprecision.It'suptoyoutopayattentiontothesecraftelements,thechoicesthewritermakesandhowtheycontributetotheworkasawhole.Yes,readinglikeawriterisextrawork.Butit'snecessaryworktothewritingpractice.Byobservingthestrategieswritersemploytotellconvincingstoriesorwriteengagingarguments,youequipyourselfwiththeknowledgetoperformthesestrategiesyourself.56.TheauthorcitesthreereaderresponsestoJaneEyre____.A.toarguethatthenovelispoorlywrittenB.toexplaindifferentreadingperspectivesC.toprovehowdetailedliteraryanalysiscanbeD.toshowthemisinterpretationbycreativewriters57.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmostprobablydemonstratesRLW?A.Discussingfascinatingplotsandcharactersinanovel.B.ExaminingtheliterarysourcesaGreekclassicdrawson.C.Analyzingwhyashortstoryispopularandhowitisstructured.D.Summarizingthemaineventsofashortstoryforaclassassignment.58.Whatdoestheunderlinedpronoun"it"referto?A.Careandprecisioninwriting B.RecognitionofworksassuccessC.Investigationofwritingstyle D.Characteranalysisthroughwords59.TheauthorsuggestsRLWis"necessarywork"（para.7）becausereaderscan____.A.writelengthynovelslikeJaneEyre B.gainknowledgeinemploymentC.becomeprofessionalliterarycritic D.improvetheirownwritingcraft（B）Workplaceinjuriesstillhappen,InastatisticalreportproducedbySafeWorkAustralia,therewereatotalof104,770personalinjuryclaimsforawork-relatedincidentlastyearalone.Themosttypicaltypeisrelatedtorepetitivebodymovements,followedbyunexpectedfallsandcontactwithmovingequipment.Prioritizinghealthandsafetyisessentialincreatingapositiveandproductiveworkingenvironment.60.Accordingtotheinfochart,workplaceinjuriesmayleadto___.A.longleaveofabsenceatwork B.taxavoidanceforcompaniesC.nationwidesalaryreduction D.increasedmentalalertness61.Whichgroupofpercentagesbestfitstheblanksnumbered1,2and3?A.①17%；②24%；③38% B.①26%;43%;③18%C.①78%；②23%；③% D.39%;②25%；③17%62.Toensuresafetyintheworkplace,itissuggestedthatoneshould____.A.makethemselvescleanbeforeworking B.wearsafetyequipmentwhennecessaryC.stretcharmsandlegsbeforeliftingobjects D.receivepropertrainingontakingbreaks（C）Imaginethis.YouneedanimageofaballoonforaworkpresentationandturntoanAItext-to-imagegenerator,likeMidjourneyorDALL-E,tocreateasuitableimage.Youentertheprompt（提示詞）"redballoonagainstabluesky"butthegeneratorreturnsanimageofanegginstead.What'sgoingon?Thegeneratoryou'reusingmayhavebeen"poisoned".Whatdoesthismean?Text-to-imagegeneratorsworkbybeingtrainedonlargedatasetsthatincludemillionsorbillionsofimages.Someofthegeneratorshavebeentrainedbyindiscriminatelyscrapingonlineimages,manyofwhichmaybeundercopyright.Thishasledtomanycopyrightinfringement（侵害）caseswhereartistshaveaccusedbigtechcompaniesofstealingandprofitingfromtheirwork.Thisisalsowheretheideaof"poison"comesin.Researcherswhowanttoempowerindividualartistshaverecentlycreatedatoolnamed"Nightshade"tofightbackagainstunauthorisedimagescraping.Thetoolworksbyslightlyalteringanimage'spixels（像素）inawaythatconfusesthecomputervisionsystembutleavestheimageunalteredtoahuman'seyes.IfanorganizationthenscrapesoneoftheseimagestotrainafutureAImodel,itsdatapoolbecomes"poisoned".Thiscanresultinmistakenlearning,whichmakesthegeneratorreturnunintendedresults.Asinourearlierexample,aballoonmightbecomeanegg.Thehigherthenumberof"poisoned"imagesinthetrainingdata,thegreatertheimpact.BecauseofhowgenerativeAIworks,thedamagefrom"poisoned"imagesalsoaffectsrelatedpromptkeywords.Forexample,ifa"poisoned"imageofaPicassoworkisusedintrainingdata,promptresultsformasterpiecesfromotherartistscanalsobeaffected.Possibly,toolslikeNightshadecanbeabusedbysomeuserstointentionallyupload"poisoned"imagesinordertoconfuseAIgenerators.ButtheNightshade'sdeveloperhopesthetoolwillmakebigtechcompaniesmorerespectfulofcopyright.Itdoeschallengeacommonbeliefamongcomputerscientiststhatdatafoundonlinecanbeusedforanypurposetheyseefit.Humanrightsactivists,forexample,havebeenconcernedforsometimeabouttheindiscriminateuseofmachinevisioninwidersociety.Thisconcernisparticularlyseriousconcerningfacialrecognition.Thereisaclearconnectionbetweenfacialrecognitioncasesanddatapoisoning,asbothrelatetolargerquestionsaroundtechnologicalgovernance.Itmaybebettertoseedatapoisoningasaninnovativesolutiontothedenialofsomefundamentalhumanrights.63.Theunderlinedword"scraping"（para.2）isclosestinmeaningto____.A.facilitating B.collecting C.damaging D.polishing64.Accordingtothepassage,addingpoisoneddatamight____.A.increasetheaccuracyofreturnedinformationB.causeuserstoforgetthepromptkeywordsC.interferewiththetrainingofgenerativeAID.discriminateagainstgreatmasterpieces65.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Datapoisoningissomehowjustifiedtodirectattentiontohumanrights.B.Computerscientistshaslearnedtorespectthecopyrightofmostartists.C.Nightshadeisbeingabusedbyhumanrightsactiviststorecognizefaces.D.Theissueoftechnologicalgovernancehasarousedthelawyers'interest.66.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.DataPoisoning:GovernmentEmpoweringCitizenstoProtectThemselvesB.DataPoisoning:AddressingFacialRecognitionIssuesAmongArtistsC.DataPoisoning:RisksandRewardsofGenerativeAIDataTrainingD.DataPoisoning:RestrictingInnovationorEmpoweringArtistsSectionC（8分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.TheyhighlyrecognizedtheeffectivenessofTCM,especiallyitsuseinpaintreatment.B.Evenwhendrinkingherbalmilktea,it'sbesttomakechoicesaccordingly.C.Beingextensiveandfar-reaching,TCMisdeeplyconnectedwithChinesephilosophy.D.OverseasstudentsofTCM,likePhan,arenotrare.E.ThisledhertomajorinTCMatatraditionalmedicalschoolinChina.F.ManyotherChinesemedicineinstitutionshaveadoptedsimilarstrategicinitiatives.GlobalRiseofTCMPhanThiKimChi'sconnectionwithTraditionalChineseMedicine（TCM）beganatanearlyage.GrowingupinasmallvillageinVietnam,itwasinconvenientforPhantotraveltohospitalsinneighboringcities.Whenevershecaughtacoldorexperiencedaheadacheasachild,herfamilywouldseekthehelpofalocalTCMpractitioner.67AccordingtoPhan,eventhoughTCMhaslongbeencommonlypracticedandacceptedinVietnam,findingagoodschooltolearnTCMinVietnamisnoteasy.Asaforeignstudent,PhanfindstheTCMbasictheorycoursetobethemostchallengingoneinthecurriculum.68Itrequiresyearsoflearningandpracticetotrulyunderstandtheconceptsofyinandyang,harmonybetweenhumanandnature,andthefiveelementsofwood,fire,earth,metal,andwater.SometimessheeventranslatestheTCMvocabularyandscriptsintoVietnamesesoshecanrememberandcomprehendthembetter.69Accordingtoareport,thetotalnumberofinternationalstudentsstudyingTCMinChinawas8,187lastyear,withthelargestpopulationof6,441comingfromAsiancountries,followedby832fromAfricaand432fromEurope.Also,manyChinesemedicaluniversitieshadprojectsthatsentprofessorsoverseastoteachTCM.TheboomingsituationofTCMisnotlimitedtoschoolsandclinics.Ithasalsobecomealifestylechoiceformanyyoungpeople.Thereisatrendamongyoungpeopletoplacemoreemphasisonhealthconditioningandpreservation.However,expertsremindthatTCMemphasizestheimportanceofdiagnosingandtreatingbasedonidentifyingsyndromes（癥狀）.Itisimpossibletoofferaone-size-fits-allapproachtoallpatients.70IV.Summarywriting（10）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossibl