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StrategicLeadership

CompetencyModel

DictionaryDRAFT戰(zhàn)略性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力素質(zhì)模型字典草案February,2005

Version1DRAFTHuaweiStrategicLeadershipModelCompetencies

TOC\f\h\z\t"Heading2,1,Heading3,2"BuildingCustomerCapabilityCluster構(gòu)建客戶能力的素質(zhì)群 3CustomerFocus關(guān)注客戶 3Partnering建立伙伴關(guān)系 8BuildingHuaweiCapabilityCluster構(gòu)建華為能力素質(zhì)群 11InspiringLeadership鼓舞式領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 11BuildingOrganizationalCapability塑造組織能力 17Cross-functionalCollaboration跨部門合作 24BuildingIndividualCapabilityCluster構(gòu)建個人能力素質(zhì)群 30DriveforResults結(jié)果導(dǎo)向 30CommitmenttoHuawei獻(xiàn)身華為 35StrategyThinking戰(zhàn)略思維 39UnderstandingOthers理解他人 43BaselineCompetencies基本素質(zhì) 47AnalyticalThinking分析思考 47ImpactandInfluence施加影響 51InformationSeeking信息搜集 58Initiative積極主動 62BuildingCustomerCapabilityCluster構(gòu)建客戶能力的素質(zhì)群CustomerFocus關(guān)注客戶Definition:定義Thepassiontounderstandandservethecustomer,meetingtheirneedsincreativeandinnovativeways.“Customer”referstocurrent,potentialandinternalcustomers.致力于理解客戶需求,并為客戶提供創(chuàng)造性解決方案的行為特征。“客戶”是指現(xiàn)在的、潛在的、和內(nèi)部客戶。Dimension:維度Depthofthecustomer’sneeds.Complexityoftheaction.對客戶理解的深度采取行動的難度Discussion:討論CustomerFocusisattheheartofHuawei’svaluesandpurpose,anditisstrongestcharacteristicinthemarket.ItshouldinformalmosteverythingHuaweidoes.AtthehigherlevelsCustomerFocusinvolvescustomer-driveninnovation;atlowerlevelsitisresponsivenesstocustomerneeds.關(guān)注客戶是華為價值和目的的中心,也是市場上最重要的特征。它應(yīng)該反映華為所作的幾乎任何事情。從較高的層次上來說,關(guān)注客戶是指客戶驅(qū)動創(chuàng)新;從較低的層次上來說,關(guān)注客戶指滿足客戶的需求。Howitrelatestoothercompetencies:如何與其他素質(zhì)相聯(lián)系Tobedonewell,CustomerFocusneedstobesupportedby:UnderstandingOthers,totrulylistentoandunderstandthecustomer’sunderlyingneeds,notjustwhatweassumethatthecustomerneeds.StrategicThinking,toshapeHuawei’sresponsetothecustomerAppropriateBuildingHuaweiCapabilitycompetencies,toensureafulldepartmentalororganizationalresponse.要良好應(yīng)用,關(guān)注客戶素質(zhì)需要以下素質(zhì)的支持:理解他人素質(zhì):真正地去傾聽和理解客戶的潛在需求,而不是我們假設(shè)客戶需求什么。戰(zhàn)略思考素質(zhì):來規(guī)范華為對客戶的反應(yīng)。適當(dāng)?shù)臉?gòu)建華為能力的素質(zhì)群:確保整個部門或組織的充分反應(yīng)。CustomerFocusshouldexistinacreativetensionwithDriveforResultsandStrategicThinking.Tosomeextenttheleader’sDriveforResultssupportsCustomerFocus,byhelpingtheleaderfocusonunderstandingthecustomer’sbusinessandonsupportingthecustomer’sprofitability.Ontheotherhand,theleaderneedstoexercisediscretioninchoosingwhichcustomerneedsreceiveafullresponse.ConsiderationsofHuawei’sownprofitability,thecommercialpotentialoftheprojectanditsfittoHuawei’sstrategyshouldalsoshapetheleader’sresponsetothearrayofpotentialcustomerneeds.關(guān)注客戶應(yīng)存在于一種創(chuàng)造性地緊迫感當(dāng)中,這種緊迫感與結(jié)果導(dǎo)向素質(zhì)和戰(zhàn)略思維素質(zhì)相聯(lián)。在一定程度上,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果導(dǎo)向素質(zhì)通過幫助領(lǐng)導(dǎo)注重理解客戶的業(yè)務(wù),并維護(hù)客戶的利潤,支持了關(guān)注客戶。另一方面,在選擇應(yīng)該充分滿足哪些客戶的需求上,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)需要慎重決策。考慮華為自身的利潤,項目的商業(yè)潛力和它與華為戰(zhàn)略的匹配性也應(yīng)該影響領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對潛在的客戶需求序列的反應(yīng)。Level1:RespondstoClearCustomerNeedsBasedonaclearunderstandingofthecustomer’sneedsandHuawei’sproductsandservices,obtainsneededresourcestoaddresscustomerneeds.Thecustomerneedsherearequitestraightforwardandwellunderstoodbythecustomer.Solutionsaredevelopedbasedonpreviousexperiences,casesoravailableproducts.Includestakingactiontoestablishrelationshipswithpotentialcustomers.層級一:對于明確的客戶需求的反應(yīng)在明確理解客戶需求和華為的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)上,獲得需要的資源來滿足客戶的需求這里的客戶需求是非常簡單的,并且客戶自身也能夠充分地理解。基于先前的經(jīng)驗、案例或現(xiàn)有的產(chǎn)品,找到解決途徑。包括采取行動來與潛在客戶確立關(guān)系Example:Ourschemetoresolvetheproblemforthecustomerwassuccessfulbutitwasdelayedfor3hours.At11:30thissystemwasrestoredcompletely.Thereweremanytechnicaldecisionsinvolvedinit.Ilearneduponarrivalthattheengineerwassoworriedthathecried.Hewasnearabout30andhadtoomuchpressure.Whenthecustomerimplementedtheirownscheme,Iespeciallytoldthepersoninchargeoftheinformationcenterthatnobodyshouldbeallowedintotheequipmentroomexcepttheseveralpeopleonthesiteandeverybodyelseshouldgobacktohisownpositionandcouldn’tcreatemorepressuretothem.Becausesomanypeoplegatheredaroundhim,hispressurewouldbemuchhigher.Ialsoaskedtheresponsiblesupervisortoreportontheprogresstotheirinternalcustomerandaskthemtowaitpatiently.Ihadtocomfortthemconstantly.Ibelievethecustomercouldalsounderstandus.Sofinallythisproblemwassolvedwithoutcausingtoomuchchaos.Thatwasbecausewehandleditverycarefully.范例:我們旨在解決客戶問題的計劃是成功的,但卻被延誤了三個小時。11點30分,系統(tǒng)完全修復(fù)。這其中牽涉到很多技術(shù)性決定。我到達(dá)后才知道工程師擔(dān)心得都哭了。他將近30歲承受了很大壓力。當(dāng)客戶實施他們自己的計劃時,我特意告訴信息中心的負(fù)責(zé)人說:“除了在場的幾個人外,不要允許任何人進(jìn)入設(shè)備間,其他人都應(yīng)該回到自己的崗位上去,不要給他們制造更大的壓力?!庇捎谥車奂颂嗳?,他的壓力就變得更大。我也要求相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人對內(nèi)部客戶匯報進(jìn)展情況,并請客戶耐心等待。我需要不斷的安慰他們,我相信客戶也理解我們。最后,這個問題得到解決而且沒有造成過多混亂,那是因為我們處理地非常小心。Level2:ReactstoCustomerConcernsUnderstandsthecustomer’sneedsandtherationaleofHuawei’sproductsandservicesandprovidessolutions.Thecustomer’sneedsareunclearorarepresentedsimplyasobjectives,butthecustomerexplicitlystatesaneedandasksforhelpNomatureproductsorservicesareavailableasreference.Theleaderneedstomodifywhatisavailabletomeetcustomerneeds.Decisionmakinginvolvesbalancebetweencostandeffect.Respondsquicklyanddecisivelytocustomerserviceemergencies.層級二:解決客戶的擔(dān)憂在理解客戶的需求以及華為產(chǎn)品/服務(wù)背后原理的基礎(chǔ)上,為客戶提供解決方案。客戶的需求不是非常明確或是以簡單的目的顯示,但是客戶的需要往往相對清晰。沒有現(xiàn)成的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)可以提供可循,需要對已有的方法/方案進(jìn)行一定的改進(jìn)或創(chuàng)造。決策時要權(quán)衡風(fēng)險。在出現(xiàn)客戶服務(wù)方面的緊急情況時,可以迅速地果斷地進(jìn)行回應(yīng)。Example:Wewerethefirsttonegotiate,inDecember,andIwasnotthemainnegotiator.Themainnegotiatorofthecustomerwasitsmobilegeneralmanager,andourmainnegotiatorwasthechiefofthelocaloffice.Iwaslisteningforfuturereference.ThecustomersaidthatHuaweiwasnice,butourpriceshouldbereduced.Afterthenegotiation,Ichattedwiththemobilegeneralmanagertogetclearerontheprogress,ourpositionandwhatweshoulddonext.Iwantedtomastermoreaccuratelywhatwasinthecustomermind.HewasafriendlyArabianandwhathethoughtwasdisclosednaturally.HetoldmethattheirleaderwasforHuawei,butHuawei’spricewasonthehighside;healsotoldmehowmuchweshouldreduce.Thatwasofgreathelptoourlaternegotiation.Iwasbehindthenegotiationfromthenon.Ilistenedtoreportsandmadeanalysiswithothersandreducedtheprice.范例:十二月份,我們是第一個要談判的,我并非主要談判者??蛻舻闹饕勁姓呤且苿涌偨?jīng)理,我們的主要談判者是當(dāng)?shù)剞k事處的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。我在傾聽以備將來參考。客戶說華為很好,但我們應(yīng)該降低價格。談判之后,我與移動總經(jīng)理聊天以了解談判的進(jìn)展、我們的處境以及我們下一步應(yīng)該怎么做。我希望能更清晰地掌握客戶的想法。他是一個友好的阿拉伯人,不善掩飾,想法很自然地表露出來。他告訴我他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)很想和華為合作,但是華為的價格很高;并且還告訴我價格應(yīng)該降多少。那對我們后期的談判幫助很大。從那時起,我一直做談判的幕后工作——聽報告、與其他人做分析和降低價格。Level3:UncoversandMeetsNewCustomerNeedsIdentifiesorsensesthecustomerneeds,coordinatesHuaweiresourcestocomeupwithsolutions.Thecustomer’sneedssometimesarequiteconceptualordifficulttograsp,orthecustomermayexpressaneedwithoutexplicitlyaskingforaproposal.Canincludeinteractionorcooperationwiththecustomer,workingtogethertodesignthesolution.Or,identifiesthepotentialcustomer’sinterestandtakesactiontobuilduptherelationship.層級三:想客戶所想,發(fā)掘并滿足客戶新的需求捕捉或澄清客戶的興趣點,通過協(xié)調(diào)華為有關(guān)資源,找到解決方案??蛻舻男枨笥袝r是比較抽象或難以把握的,或者,客戶可能會表示一個需求但沒有明確要求提建議。??砂ㄅc客戶的合作和互動,共同設(shè)計解決方案?;蛎鞔_潛在客戶的興趣并作出行動建立關(guān)系Example:DuringtheBeijingExhibitionattheendofOct.2002,thevice-presidentofonepotentialcustomermentionedtheideaofusingsoftswitchfortransitnetwork.Ithoughtitwasachance,andthatIshouldanalyzeourplanscarefully,andknowclearlyhowtoproceed.Moreover,Ishouldmaketheplansdetailed.Iorganizedateamtodoit.Wehadbeenconsideringtheidea,buthadnotmadethemclear.Webecameclearerabouttheplansafterhesaidthosewords.Eventually,IvisitedthecustomerinMarch,2003afterwaitingforalongtime.Duringthevisit,Ipresentedtheconceptionsaboutwhatwedidin3G,softswitchtechnology,andgatewayofficetothevice-presidentoftheclient.WhatIsaidwasabouttheconstructionofthewhole3Gnetwork,especiallyabouttheapplicationofthemobilesoftswitch.Next,Ialsospokethespecifictechnicaldifferences.Theimportantthingwaswhatthepresidentofthecustomertoldhispeople.Hesaidheaskedthemtoconstructtolltelephonenetworkswithsoftswitchbuttherewasstillnoresult.SohepushedthemtocooperatewithHuaweimakeaplan.范例:在2002年十月底舉辦的北京展覽會期間,一位潛在客戶的副總裁提到在網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸中使用軟交換。我認(rèn)為這是一個機(jī)會,應(yīng)該仔細(xì)分析我們的計劃,搞清楚如何進(jìn)行。還有,我應(yīng)該制定詳細(xì)的計劃。我組織了一個小組來做這件事情。我們考慮了這個想法,但卻沒有弄清楚。他說了那些話之后,我們對計劃清楚了很多。最終,在等了很長一段時間之后,我在2003年三月拜訪了客戶。拜訪過程中,我對客戶副總裁介紹了有關(guān)本公司所做的3G、軟交換技術(shù)以及辦公室網(wǎng)關(guān)等概念。我所說的是關(guān)于整個3G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建設(shè),尤其是移動軟交換的應(yīng)用。緊接著,我也講了具體的技術(shù)區(qū)別。重要的是,客戶總裁對他的手下講了什么。他說他要求他們用軟交換建設(shè)長途電話網(wǎng)但還沒有結(jié)果。因此他傾向于與華為合作來制定一個計劃。Level4:InnovatestoMeetAnticipatedCustomerNeedsStudiescustomers,clarifiesthepotentialneedsofthecustomersandthecapabilityofHuaweitoprovidenewsolutions.Customersmightnotbeawareoftheirneeds,ormaynotimaginethattheirproblemcouldbesolvedbyHuawei.Includesprovidingthestrategicsuggestionsforthecustomer’sbusinessmodelandbeingthe“trustedadvisor”tothecustomer,regardingthecustomer’sbusiness.層級四:想客戶所不想,創(chuàng)造性的服務(wù)客戶研究客戶,發(fā)掘華為的潛力以及客戶的潛在需求,提供全新的解決方案??蛻敉矝]有意識到有這樣的需求,或者沒有想象到他們的問題可以得到華為解決。包括為客戶的業(yè)務(wù)模式提供戰(zhàn)略性的建議,成為客戶的長期戰(zhàn)略伙伴。Example:Italkedabouthowwecansucceedandwhataretheimportantthingsfromthecustomer’sangle.Huaweiwasanewcomerinthisfield.Ifwewantedtoenterthemarketandcompetewithothers,wewouldneedtothinkforourcustomers.WewouldneedtobeabletotellthemwhytheyshoulduseHuaweiproducts.SoItriedtodemonstratehowthecontractwouldbenefittheclientandhowitwouldimprovetheirprofitability.ThecarrierchoseHuaweibecauseweunderstoodtheirneedsandusedthisunderstandingtodesignaproductforthem.Thecustomerdidnotspecifythesituationsinwhichasolutionwouldbeappliedwhentheyinvitedpublicbidding.Afterwegotthecontract,weanalyzedhowtheequipmentwouldbeusedintheseplaces,inareaswhererevenuewaslow.Previouslywhenthecarrierconstructedthenetwork,theyusedtobuildabuilding,installairconditioners,etc.Thentheyputabigcabinetintothehousenomatterhowexpensiveitis,sotheycancoverthearea.Thecostwashighrelativetotherevenuebecausethepopulationoftheareawassmall.IftheyspentRMB100,000intotalonthebuilding,onlyRMB30,000wasusedtobuytheequipmentandtheotherRMB70,000wasforrentingtheland,buildingthebuilding,fittingthebuildingup,andinstallingairconditioners.Consideringthissituation,wedesignedakindofproductwithasmallcapacityfor10,000people.Noneedtobuildabuilding.Itisasmallboxinstalledoutdoors.Ithasabuilt-insemiconductorheatdissipationsystem.Itislightning-proofanddustproof.Itsavedalotofcostsforthecustomer.范例:我談到我們?nèi)绾稳〉贸晒σ约罢驹诳蛻舻慕嵌瓤词裁词侵匾囊蛩?。在這個領(lǐng)域,華為是一個新來者。如果我們想進(jìn)入市場并與其他公司競爭,我們要考慮客戶的利益,要能準(zhǔn)確地告訴客戶為什么他們應(yīng)該使用華為的產(chǎn)品。因此我試著證明這個合同將如何使客戶獲得好處并將如何提高他們的利潤。運營商選擇華為是因為我們理解了他們的需求并且運用這種理解為他們設(shè)計了產(chǎn)品??蛻粼诠_招標(biāo)時并沒有明確解決方案適用的環(huán)境,獲得合同之后,我們分析這些設(shè)備可能如何在這些收入水平低的地區(qū)使用。以前,當(dāng)運營商構(gòu)建網(wǎng)絡(luò)時,他們通常建造一建筑物,安裝空調(diào)等。然后,他們把一個大的櫥柜放進(jìn)房間——盡管櫥柜的成本很高,這樣他們就能夠覆蓋整個地區(qū)。因為這些地區(qū)的人口很少,所以其成本占收入的比例很高。如果他們花100,000元人民幣在整棟建筑物上,將只有30,000元會用來購買設(shè)備,剩余的70,000元則用來租賃土地、建造建筑物、布置建筑物和安裝空調(diào)??紤]到這種情況,我們設(shè)計了一種10,000用戶的小型產(chǎn)品,這樣就不必建造大樓。該產(chǎn)品是一個安裝在戶外的小盒子,它有一個內(nèi)置的半導(dǎo)體熱分散系統(tǒng),并且防曬、防塵,為客戶節(jié)約了大量的成本。

Partnering建立伙伴關(guān)系Definition:定義Thedesireandabilitytofindacommongroundtobuildmutuallybeneficialpartnershipswithothercarefullyselectedorganizations,tobetterserveHuawei’scustomers.TheotherorganizationsinvolvedmaybeHuawei’scompetitorsinareasotherthantheareaofpartnership.Thisdesiretopartnerisbasedpartlyonthesenseofsafetyinnumber,ofnotwantingtobethesingle,exposedentity,separatefromothercompanies.Thepartnershipsshouldbebasedonthedesiretoservethecustomerbetterandmorecompletelythaneithercompanycoulddoseparately.愿意并能夠找出華為與其他精心選擇的企業(yè)之間的共同點,與他們建立具有共同利益的伙伴關(guān)系,以更好地為華為的客戶服務(wù)。包含的其他企業(yè)可能是華為只在該領(lǐng)域的伙伴,而在其他領(lǐng)域是競爭對手。合作的愿望部分基于數(shù)量上的安全感,不想單打獨斗、暴露自己以及孤立于其他公司等。雙方愿意合作,以便比任何一家公司單獨來做都能更好更完全地服務(wù)于客戶,這是伙伴關(guān)系建立的基礎(chǔ)。Dimension:維度CompletenessofactionDegreeofclosenesstothepartner行動的完全性與伙伴的親密程度Discussion:討論Partnering,especiallywithcompetitors,isacomplexandsophisticatedcompetency,supportedbymanyothercompetencies.Inadditiontothecompetenciessuggestedbelow,theeffectivebuilderofpartnershipsneedsexceptionalemotionalmaturity,patienceandaflexibleandopenattitudetodealwithallthevicissitudesofnegotiatingandrealizingapartnershipwithanothercompany,whichwillinevitablyhaveitsownculture,historyandinterests.建立伙伴關(guān)系——尤其是與競爭對手,是一種綜合的和復(fù)雜的素質(zhì),且需要其他多種素質(zhì)的支持。除了下面提到的素質(zhì)之外,有效伙伴關(guān)系的營造者還需要在情感上特別的成熟,極具耐心,在處理所有談判成敗和實現(xiàn)與另外一家公司(不可避免地該公司有其自身的文化、歷史和興趣。)的伙伴關(guān)系時具有靈活開放的態(tài)度。Howitrelatestoothercompetencies:如何與其他素質(zhì)相聯(lián)系TheabilitytoeffectivelypartnerwithcompetitorsissomewhatlikeCross-FunctionalCollaborationatgreaterdegreeofdifficulty,becausetheleadermustcollaboratewithleadersfromadifferentandsometimescompetingorganization,ratherthanjustwithleadersofotherfunctionswithinHuawei.與競爭對手有效地建立伙伴關(guān)系,有些像跨部門合作素質(zhì),只是難度更高。這是因為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)必須與來自不同,有時甚至是相互競爭的組織的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)相配合,而不是僅僅與華為內(nèi)部其他部門的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)合作。Partneringissupportedbyacombinationofvirtuallyalltheothercompetencies:InformationSeeking(baselinecompetency)atthehighestlevels,tochooseapartnerandtolearnaboutthepartnercompanyanditsrole,markets,potentialsetc.StrategicThinkingatthehighestlevelstorecognizeandrealizethelong-termstrategicpotentialofthepartnerships,andtothinkoutsideofthenormalboundaries.AlsotorecognizethestrategicinterestsofthepartnerCustomerFocus,tokeeptheneedsofthecustomer–andthereasonforpartnering–alwaysinmind.DriveforResults,toensurethatthepartnershipmakessoundbusinessandeconomicsense.UnderstandingOthers,tohearothers’reasons,emotionsandinterestsaccurately,evenacrossnationalandcompanyculturesandpotentiallycompetingbusinessinterests.CommitmenttoHuaweitorecognizethatHuawei’sbestinterestsmaylieinagoodpartnership,andtotranscendthelocalloyaltytoHuaweiagainstallcompetitors.ImpactandInfluence(baselinecompetency),atthehighestlevelstoconvincethepartnerandtolearnaboutthepartnercompanyanditsrole,markets,potentialsetc.SomeorallofthebuildingHuaweiCapabilitycompetencies,togetthenecessarypartsofHuaweitosupportandimplementthepartnership.PartneringdirectlyembodiesandsupportsHuawei’sstrategyandvalueforHarmonyintheBusinessEnvironment.EffectivepartnershipsalsosupportCustomerFocus,andcustomer-driveninnovation.建立伙伴關(guān)系幾乎需要其他所有素質(zhì)的綜合支持:在最高層級的尋找信息素質(zhì)(基本素質(zhì)),選擇一個伙伴并且了解該伙伴公司及其角色、市場、潛力等方面的信息。在最高層級的戰(zhàn)略思維素質(zhì)上,認(rèn)識并了解伙伴企業(yè)的長期戰(zhàn)略性潛力,超越常規(guī)界限來思考,這樣也可以認(rèn)識到伙伴的戰(zhàn)略興趣。關(guān)注客戶,頭腦中時刻想著客戶的需求——和建立伙伴關(guān)系的原因。結(jié)果導(dǎo)向,確保合作伙伴做出成熟合理的商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的判斷。理解他人,準(zhǔn)確地聽取他人的理由、情感和興趣,即便是跨越國界、公司文化和潛在競爭性的商業(yè)利益。獻(xiàn)身華為,要認(rèn)識到華為的最佳利益在于一個良好的伙伴關(guān)系,要超越那種與競爭者對抗的狹隘的忠誠。施加影響(基本素質(zhì)),在最高的層級上說服伙伴、了解伙伴公司及其角色、市場潛力等。以部分或所有構(gòu)建華為能力素質(zhì)群的因素,去獲得華為必要的部門,來支持和實現(xiàn)伙伴關(guān)系。建立伙伴關(guān)系直接包含和支持了華為追求和睦產(chǎn)業(yè)環(huán)境的戰(zhàn)略和價值。有效的伙伴關(guān)系也支持客戶關(guān)注和客戶驅(qū)動創(chuàng)新。Level1:OpensthedoorandmakescontactMakescontactorestablishesrapportwithotherthoughtfullyselectedorganizations,withaneyetopotentialpartnerships.Mayscantheenvironmenttolearnaboutvariouspotentialpartners,theirreputation,theirmarketposition,theirstrengths,sizeandothercharacteristicsthatmaymakethemsuitablepartnersforHuawei.May“market”Huawei’spotentialsandestablishHuawei’sreputationtootherorganizations.Maybecomefriendlywithexecutivesintheothercompany,establishingapositiverelationshipwiththem(onapersonallevel).層級一:對外開放,建立聯(lián)系與那些精心挑選的企業(yè)進(jìn)行接觸或建立友好關(guān)系,同時留意潛在的合作伙伴。審視環(huán)境以了解各種各樣潛在的合作伙伴,他們的名聲、市場地位、實力、規(guī)模及其他的那些使其成為華為合適的合作伙伴的特征。這些都可能“推銷”華為的潛力并確立華為對其他企業(yè)的聲譽??赡軐ζ渌镜闹鞴苋藛T變得友好,并與他們確立一種積極的關(guān)系(在個人層面上)。Level2:HastheconversationListensandexchangesinformationwithpotentialpartnertoexploreopportunitiesforcooperationtoservethecustomers.CommunicatesHuawei’ssincerityandtheirintentiontobepartofateamofrelativelyequalpartners.層級二:有對話傾聽潛在合作伙伴的想法并與其溝通交流,以尋求共同服務(wù)客戶的合作機(jī)會。表達(dá)華為的誠意,以及他們想成為小組一分子的意圖。這個小組中的每個成員相對平等。Level3:CooperativelydevelopspartnershipDevelopstheshapeofthepartnershipcooperativelytogetherwiththepartner.Mayuseastrongunderstandingoftheculture,organizationalpoliticsandmarketpositionofthepotentialpartner,andwhytheymightormightnotwanttopartnerwithHuawei,inordertodevelopamutualunderstandingandawayforward.層級三:共同確定伙伴關(guān)系與合作伙伴一起確定合作關(guān)系的形式。對于潛在的伙伴,要準(zhǔn)確了解他們的文化、組織結(jié)構(gòu)及市場地位,還要知道他們可能想或不想與華為合作的原因,以便確立共同的理解和將來合作的方式。Level4:ReachesAgreementNegotiatesamutuallybeneficialpartnership,andachievesagreement.AtthispointmanyothercompetenciesareneededtoenableHuaweiandthepartner,toadapttheirorganization,practicesandculturetoenablethepartnershiptoworkeffectively.層級四:達(dá)成共識商定一個共同獲利的伙伴關(guān)系,并達(dá)成共識。使華為及其合作伙伴適應(yīng)他們的組織、經(jīng)驗和文化,以便伙伴關(guān)系良好運行。在這一點上,還需要許多其他的素質(zhì)。

BuildingHuaweiCapabilityCluster構(gòu)建華為能力素質(zhì)群InspiringLeadership鼓舞式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Definition:定義Theabilitytoleadteamsbyfocusingthemonkeyissuesandempoweringthemtosolveproblemsandharnesstheircollectivewisdom.通過推動團(tuán)隊成員關(guān)注要點、鼓舞團(tuán)隊成員解決問題以及運用團(tuán)隊智慧等方法來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)團(tuán)隊的行為特征。Dimensions:緯度Degreeofempoweringorinspiringtheteam.Thedepthofcollectivewisdomand/orenergythatistapped.授權(quán)以及鼓舞團(tuán)隊的程度,集思廣益的深度和所發(fā)掘出的團(tuán)隊能量的大小Discussion:討論InspiringLeadershipisauniqueHuaweiformofteamleadershipthatcombinesdirectpersonalleadershipwiththeabilitytoempowertheteamandreleasethecollectiveenergiesandwisdomoftheteam.Theuniquefeatureofthisformofleadershipisitsfocusondrawingoutthecontributions,ideasandcommitmentoftheteammembers,inafairlystructuredandconsistentmanner.鼓舞式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)是華為團(tuán)隊領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層獨一無二的組織形式,這種形式直接將個人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力與授予團(tuán)隊權(quán)利、釋放集體力量和團(tuán)隊智慧相結(jié)合。該領(lǐng)導(dǎo)形式的獨一無二的特征即:以一種相當(dāng)結(jié)構(gòu)化的持續(xù)的方式來激發(fā)團(tuán)隊成員的貢獻(xiàn)心、想法和忠誠感。Howitrelatestoothercompetencies:與其他素質(zhì)的關(guān)聯(lián):TheeffectivenessofInspiringLeadershipisimprovedwhenitissupportedby:UnderstandingOthers-torecognizeandrespondtotheteammembers’concernsandcontributions.ImpactandInfluence(baselinecompetency)toknowhowtobringothersintoagreementwithyou.InformationSeeking(baselinecompetency)–agenuinecuriosityandinterestinfindingoutthereasonsforasituationorforsomeone’sopinion.StrategicThinkingand/orDriveforResultstoensurethattheteamisfocusedonthemostimportantissues.CommitmenttoHuaweitoensurethatteamfocusdoesnotover-balancetheenterprisefocus.InspiringLeadershipiscrucialtoaccomplishingalmostanyorganizationaleffort,includingcustomer-driveninnovation,buildingexternalpartnerships,orimprovingquality,serviceandreducingcost.在以下條件的支持下,鼓舞式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的有效性會得到提升:理解他人,能夠認(rèn)識到并對團(tuán)隊成員關(guān)注的問題和他們的貢獻(xiàn)作出反應(yīng)施加影響(基本素質(zhì)),要知道如何使他人同意你的觀點。尋找信息(基本素質(zhì))當(dāng)出現(xiàn)一種狀況或者某人提出一種觀點時,探究其中的原因完全是出于自己的好奇心和興趣。戰(zhàn)略思維和/或結(jié)果導(dǎo)向,確保團(tuán)隊關(guān)注于最重要的問題。獻(xiàn)身華為,確保團(tuán)隊關(guān)注沒有超出對企業(yè)的關(guān)注。鼓舞式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對于獲得幾乎任何組織的成果——包括客戶導(dǎo)向創(chuàng)新、建立外部的伙伴關(guān)系或提高質(zhì)量和服務(wù)、降低成本——都是很關(guān)鍵的。Level1:OrientsthegrouptothetaskPositionsselfastheteamleader,organizestheteamactivitieseffectively.Keepsteammembersinformed.Engagesteammembersinclarifyingtheiraccountabilityandtask.Ensuresteammembershavesufficientresourcesforcompletingthejob.層級一:任務(wù)式領(lǐng)導(dǎo)自我定位為團(tuán)隊領(lǐng)導(dǎo),有效地組織團(tuán)隊活動。確保團(tuán)隊成員獲知必要的信息。明確團(tuán)隊成員的職責(zé)和工作任務(wù)。確保團(tuán)隊成員獲取足夠的資源來完成工作。Example:Iremembertherewerethreepeopleinthegroup.Weoncehadameetingtogether,fortheydidn’ttakepartinthepreviouscommunicationwiththeEVPandtheboss.SoItalkedaboutourdiscussionsandthegeneralideaformedaftermytalkwiththeEVP.Itoldthemthebackgroundclearlyanditsorigin:thecompanywantedtobuildupaflexibleandmobileorganizationoutoftheconsiderationofthematurityoftheorganizationandofthemanagerialpersonnel,interrelationshipbetweendepartmentsandtheadaptationtotheIPDflow.Becausetwoofmyteammembershadalwaysbeenresponsibleforthechangeoftheorganizationstructure,theywerehappytoknowthat.ThenItoldthemmyconceptionofthethree-threeideabutdidn’tgivethemanychancetospeakouttheirideas.Thereasonwasthattheydidn’thavemuchworkexperienceinthefront.Basedonmyobservation,Ididn’taskthemtotalkabouttheirideas.Ijustdirectlytoldthemaboutitsgeneralstructure.Iaskedthemtoseehowgreatachangetherewasbetweenthisstructureandourcurrentstructureandhowthepostsandhierarchywouldchange.范例:我記得我們那個團(tuán)隊中有三個人,有一次我們在一起開會,由于他們沒有參加之前與EVP和老板的溝通交流,在與EVP談話之后,我告訴他們我們與EVP談?wù)摰脑掝}和得出的結(jié)論。清楚地告訴他們整個事情的背景和起源:在沒有考慮組織和管理人員是否成熟、部門之間的內(nèi)部關(guān)系以及IPD流動是否適應(yīng)等因素的情況下,公司想要構(gòu)建一個靈活移動的組織。因為我小組中有兩個成員一直對組織結(jié)構(gòu)的變化很負(fù)責(zé)任,知道這個之后,他們很高興。然后,我告訴他們自己對3-3想法的構(gòu)想,但沒給他們機(jī)會表達(dá)自己的想法。理由是他們沒有很多前期的工作經(jīng)驗?;谖业挠^察,我并未要求他們談?wù)撟约旱南敕?,而是直接告訴他們整個的結(jié)構(gòu)。我要他們看看這個結(jié)構(gòu)與目前的結(jié)構(gòu)有多大的變化,崗位和層級將會如何變化。Level2:SetexpectationsClarifiesnormsforgoodteamwork.Facilitatescontinuousimprovementofteameffectivenessthroughestablishingsystemsormechanismsofteamoperation.Praisesteammembersandexpressespositiveexpectationspublicly.Buildsahabitofprovidingperformancefeedbacktoteammembers層級二:設(shè)定期望明確團(tuán)隊合作的行為準(zhǔn)則。通過建立團(tuán)隊運作的方法和機(jī)制,幫助團(tuán)隊能力的持續(xù)提升。公開地表達(dá)對團(tuán)隊成員的贊賞以及積極的期望。逐漸培養(yǎng)對團(tuán)隊成員給予及時反饋的意愿和習(xí)慣。Example:WeusedPDCA.Pmeansplan;Dmeansdo;Cmeanscheck;Ameansalter.Wewouldturncomplaintsintoearlystageplansandcomeupwithimprovementsuggestions.Everyoneshouldsharehisideawithoutanyreservation.Istillhadonebettermethodwhichwasnotusedyet.WeconductedaPDCAnotonlyonadailybasisbutalsoonaweeklyandmonthlybasis.OurdailyworkwasaPDCA.Sooneveryonewassoimpressedthatweenteredthequadrantofmanagement.Ofcourseourworkwasnotthatprofound.Wehadtomakeplansintheeveningandputthemintopracticethenextday.Wemadethemandimplementedthemtogether.Everydaywediscussedoverourshortcomingsandhadameetingforimprovement.Everydaythingswouldbedifferent.Asidefromthat,theexternalpressurehadnotoverpoweredus.Iquotedanexampleandgavesomeslogans.Latersomecolleaguessaidyouinstancedsomanycasesbutwedidn’tknowwhatyouwerethinkinginyourmind.Youjusttoldstoriestous.Actuallymanytechnicalschemesweremadebythem.Ijustlistenedtothem;sometimesIwouldjointhemandgivesomeadvice.Butmycontributionwaslessthan20%,even15%.Ofcoursetheirschemeswerefinallygiventomeforapproval.Itoldthemthiscouldbedonebyviceheadoftheprojectgroupandaskediftheyagreed.Infact,myworkwasjustorganization.Sometimes,theorganizationwasdecentralized.Ididlittleworkintechnicaldemonstration.范例:我們使用PDCA方法。P指計劃;D指做;C指檢查;A指改變。我們將投訴轉(zhuǎn)化為早期的計劃并提出改進(jìn)的建議。任何人都應(yīng)該毫不保留的將他的想法分享給大家。我有一個較好的辦法目前還沒用過。我們不僅每天,而且每周每月都實施著這個PDCA模式,我們的日常工作就是一個PDCA。每個人對我們的印象都很深,我們很快就進(jìn)入管理區(qū)。當(dāng)然,我們的工作并非造詣那么深。我們必須在晚上制定計劃,第二天將計劃運用于實踐。我們制定計劃并實行。我們每天都討論我們的缺點,并開會進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。任何事情都是不同的。除那之外,外部的壓力并沒有打倒我們。我曾引經(jīng)據(jù)典發(fā)出口號,之后,一些同事說:“你舉了這么多例子,但我們都并不知道你的腦中到底在想什么,你只是在給我們講故事”。事實上,許多技術(shù)性很強(qiáng)的計劃都是由他們完成的,我只是一個傾聽者,有時候我也會加入到他們中去并給出我的建議。但是,我的貢獻(xiàn)低于20%,甚至15%。當(dāng)然,他們的計劃到最后都得由我批準(zhǔn)。我告訴他們這個活可以由項目集團(tuán)的副主管來做,并征求他們的意見。實際上,我的工作就是組織。有時,組織是分散的,在技術(shù)方面,我做的工作很少。Level3:EmpowerstheteamCreatestransparentanddemocraticteamdynamics.Encouragesfreeexpressionandexchangeofideasamongtheteammembers.Leveragescollectivewisdombyunderstandingstrengthsandlimitationsofthegroupanditsmembers.Takesinitiativetoresolveconflictsintheteam.Empowerstheteamtosolveproblemsandbuildstheircapability,willingnessandconfidenceinproblemsolving.層級三:授權(quán)于團(tuán)隊建立開放民主的團(tuán)隊氛圍。鼓勵成員暢所欲言、集思廣議。在充分了解自身的優(yōu)勢和局限的基礎(chǔ)上來發(fā)揮所長,協(xié)調(diào)集體智慧的應(yīng)用。主動地采取各種有效的方法在團(tuán)隊內(nèi)解決沖突和矛盾。充分授權(quán)于團(tuán)隊去解決問題,并利用各種方法培養(yǎng)團(tuán)隊成員解決問題的意愿、能力和信心Incross-culturalsetting,takesinitiativetofacilitateintegrationamongChineseandinternationalcolleagues,toassistintegrationofinternationalcolleaguesintoHuawei,andtoenhanceChinesecolleagues’mindsetofembracingcross-culturaldiversity.在跨文化工作中,能主動采取措施促使不同文化的團(tuán)隊成員融合,并且?guī)椭饧畣T工有效、快速融入華為,以及提高中國員工的文化包容性。Example:Aftertheproblemwasraisedatthemeeting,Isetupadedicatedprojectteamandheldtwodiscussionmeetingstodiscussthecapabilityofthesupplychain.Adiscussionmeetingindicatedthat,participantsarerequiredtoprepareopinionsandthoughtsinwrittenformaroundaspecificsubjectsuchasbuildingglobalsupplycapability.Everyparticipantwouldbrainstorminthefirsthalfofthemeeting,thatis,toexpresshisorheropinions.Inthisstage,wetalkedabouttheconstructionofprocurementaboutcapabilityofglobalsupply,logistics,orderfulfillmentandhumanresources.Ialsoexpressedmyopinionsonthispoint,commonlyattheendofeachrepresentation.Therestofthemeetingwasadiscussion.Basedonourdiscussion,wedecidedourtasks,whichwerediscussedbyusintheweekbeforelastweek.Wejusthopedourexecutivesrealizethosepoints.Consequently,wesetupadedicatedprojectteamtoengageinconstructingmultiplemanufactoriesforglobalsupplychain.Thenwegraduallystarteditwithourworkdividedup.Participantsatthemeetingincludemorethantenmajordirectorsfromsalesdepartments,somelevel2orlevel3directorsfromsomedepartmentsrelatedtotheconstructionoftheoverseassupplychain.Subjectofthemeetingwasspecifiedinadvance,henceitwasnecessaryforeveryonetoexpresshisideasandopinions.Thoseopinionscommonlyincludewhatweshoulddo,whatproblemswillbecaused,andhowtoovercometheseproblems.Afterthat,wedecidedwhichpointscurrentlybeingdiscussedshouldbeimplementedforbothshort-termandlong-term,andwhoshouldberesponsibleforcarryingthatout.Sometimessuchdiscussionsledtonoconclusion.Thenwejustcontinuetocompletetasksasbefore.Commonly,wewouldholdsuchmeetingfrom9o’clocktolunchtime.范例:會議上將問題收集之后,我組建了一個專用的小組,組織了兩次會議來討論供應(yīng)鏈的能力問題。一個討論會的結(jié)果表明:針對具體的問題,比方說組建一個全球性的供應(yīng)鏈,需要參與者以書面的形式表明他們的觀點和想法。每一個參與者在會議的前半場,都應(yīng)產(chǎn)生頭腦風(fēng)暴,也就是說,表達(dá)他或她的觀點。在這個階段,我們討論如何將獲取全球供應(yīng)能力、后勤準(zhǔn)備、命令履行以及人力資源等協(xié)調(diào)好。關(guān)于這個問題,一般在每位代表講完后,我也會表達(dá)自己的看法。會議的剩余時間是討論,按照討論的結(jié)果,我們決定任務(wù),這些任務(wù)我們在前一周討論過。只希望高層能認(rèn)識到那些觀點。因此,我們組織專門的團(tuán)隊參與建造多種多樣的制造廠以滿足全球供應(yīng)鏈的需要。接著,我們逐漸開始工作并進(jìn)行分工。會議參與者中包括有十余名來自銷售部的總監(jiān),還有一些與國外供應(yīng)鏈構(gòu)建相關(guān)的部門中的二級或三級主管。會議的主題提前說明得很具體詳細(xì),因此要求每個人表達(dá)自己的觀點和看法是必要的。那些觀點通常包括:我們應(yīng)該做什么,將會導(dǎo)致什么問題及如何解決這些問題。之后,我們確定從短期及長期角度來看,目前討論的觀點應(yīng)該采用哪一個,誰來負(fù)責(zé)實施。有時,一些討論是沒有結(jié)果的,我們便按照以前的安排繼續(xù)完成任務(wù)。通常這樣的會議可以從上午9點持續(xù)到午飯時間。Level4:InspirestheteamUsesvivid,powerfulmetaphorsorstoriestoshareexperience,inspiretheteamandsetthedirection.Reframestheteam’sviewofthesituation,particularlywhentheteamisfeelingnegativeorisunabletoreachconsensus.Inspirestheteamwithanexcitingvisiontoelicitgreatenthusiasmanddedicationfromtheteammembers.層級四:鼓舞士氣用生動有力的比喻或故事等多種方式來分享經(jīng)驗、鼓舞士氣、指明方向。重新構(gòu)畫團(tuán)隊的整體觀點,特別是在所有團(tuán)隊成員的負(fù)面感受下,或是不能達(dá)成共識的時候。用激動人心的遠(yuǎn)景激勵成員,使團(tuán)隊成員對團(tuán)隊的使命表現(xiàn)出極大的熱情與奉獻(xiàn)精神。Example:IwonderedhowcouldIencouragethem?SoImadeametaphor.Asknowntoall,ifyouwantedtoplaytoybricks,you’dhavetopilethemup

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