高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)高效備考新模式第二部分狠抓基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法7.介詞課件新人教版

介詞介詞概念：介詞是一種虛詞，不能單獨(dú)使用，必須用在名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞，或what等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句前面，并與之一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)介詞分類(lèi)按結(jié)構(gòu)分簡(jiǎn)單介詞：as,by,for,in,on,at,of,with,like,during,until,before合成介詞：into,onto,inside,outside,within,without重疊介詞：frombehind,fromamong,untilafter分詞介詞：concerning,regarding,respecting(關(guān)于，至于)，considering(考慮到)，including按結(jié)構(gòu)分至于，關(guān)于

asfor,asto;多達(dá)

upto因?yàn)閛wingto,thanksto,dueto;becauseof根據(jù)

accordingto;

接近

nextto;

離開(kāi)awayfrom除……之外

apartfrom,asidefrom在……之前

aheadof,

不管regardlessof

而不，不是

insteadof,ratherthan與……一起

alongwith,togetherwith短語(yǔ)介詞介詞分類(lèi)表時(shí)間at,in,on,for,during,after,before,until,till,since,from,to表地方：at,in,on,for,to,towards,along,above,below,over,under,beside表進(jìn)行：beatwork,beonfire,beunderconstruction表原因：for,at,astheresultof按意義分介詞分類(lèi)大約about,round,around;超過(guò)

overearnhislivingbywriting,paybycheque,gobybuscutitwithaknife,translatewithadictionaryachievesuccessthroughhardwork,learnthroughexperiencespeakinEnglish,writeinink,sayitinafewwords表方法表數(shù)量表程度increaseby10%,reducesthhalfbyhalf,beoverchargedby￡3按意義分介詞分類(lèi)動(dòng)詞+介詞：dreamof/about,searchfor,leavefor,focuson動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞：gobackto,datebackto,getalongwithbe+分詞/形容詞+介詞：bedevotedto,bebasedon,beawareof介詞+the+名詞+介詞：inthemiddleof,withthehelp/developmentof名詞+介詞：adegreein,timefor,connectionwith/to,reasonfor介詞考點(diǎn)考法詞組或習(xí)慣搭配中的介詞常見(jiàn)介詞的一般用法

Thistrend,____amethodof…;eat____theirhands.aswith介詞考點(diǎn)考法詞組或習(xí)慣搭配中的介詞介詞+名詞：atthesametime,asaresult,inahurry,forawhile短語(yǔ)介詞：

nextto,outof,farfrom動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞：takepartin,takeadvantageof,makeuseof動(dòng)詞+冠詞+名詞+介詞：payavisitto,getthehangof,haveaneffecton動(dòng)詞+……+介詞：treatsbas,praisesbfor,prevent…from,remindsbof其他：more/less…than,from…to,toandfrom語(yǔ)法填空

在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。in/during真題回顧表示“在某個(gè)朝代(期間)”用介詞in或during。of因varioustypesof為固定詞組，意為“各種類(lèi)型的……”。from因from…to…為固定搭配，意為“從……到……”。4.(2020全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)

Bambooplantsareassociated______health,abundanceandahappyhome.5.(2020全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)

Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartist_____earth,MotherNature.with因beassociatedwith…(與……聯(lián)系在一起)為固定搭配。on因onearth(在世界上)為固定搭配。forof/for因methodsof/fordoingsth為固定搭配，意為“……的方法”，故填of/for。8.(2019全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack_____dogs,seventobeexact.9.(2018全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Iwassearching_____thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI’dbeenobserving.of因apackof為固定搭配，意為“一群”，故填of。for因searchfor為固定搭配，意為“搜尋”。as表示“作為”一種方法。from因toandfrom是固定搭配，表示“往返；來(lái)回”，toandfromwork意為“上下班”。12.(2017全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree____engineeringorarchitecture.in表示“某方面的學(xué)位”用介詞in。又如：take/getadegreeinlaw獲得法律學(xué)位。13.(2016全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback_____mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s…14.(2016全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)

InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat______theirhands.to因gobackto(追溯到)為固定搭配。with表示“用”應(yīng)用介詞with?？键c(diǎn)：從最近幾年的高考來(lái)看，介詞是每年必考的，且主要考查了以下幾個(gè)方面：1.常用介詞的基本用法。如：with用；at在……；as作為；by乘坐；in在……里；during在……期間；for+時(shí)間段searchfor搜尋(2018·Ⅲ卷)動(dòng)詞+介詞。如：2.固定搭配中的介詞。動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞。如：gobackto回到(2016·Ⅰ卷)be+形容詞/分詞+介詞。如：beassociatedwith與……聯(lián)系在一起(2020·Ⅱ卷)

介詞+the+名詞+介詞。如：inthemiddleof在……中間(2017·Ⅰ卷)atthesametime同時(shí)(2015·Ⅱ卷)nextto在……的旁邊(2014·Ⅱ卷)名詞+介詞。如：methodof/for...……的方法(2019·Ⅰ卷)getadegreein…獲得某學(xué)科學(xué)位(2017·Ⅲ卷)短語(yǔ)介詞。如：解法：介詞后必須接賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)的是名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞等。因此，在語(yǔ)法填空中，如果空格后是一個(gè)名詞或代詞，而該名詞或代詞在句中不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，又不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，空格處必定是填介詞。語(yǔ)法填空

在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1.Ourfindingssuggestthatallindividualsregardlessofpersonalitytraitscouldbenefit_____beingrealonsocialmedia.from模擬操練因benefitfromsth為固定搭配，意為“從某物中受益”。固定搭配2.Thenshehaddonatedthemoney____theschooltopayoffthelunchdebtsof123students.3.ThisancientEnglishsiteisacollection____largestonesarrangedintwocircles,oneinsidetheother.to因donatesthtosb為固定搭配，意為“向某人捐贈(zèng)某物”。 of因acollectionof為固定搭配，意為“一批/群……”。into因takesthintoaccount為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“考慮到某事”。to因thanksto為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“幸虧；由于”。6.Yangzhouisfull____canalsandrivers,andinhistorymanyofChina’sliterarygreatsdrewinspirationfromtheflowingwater.7.Lanternswereoftendecorated_____Chinesecalligraphy,paintingandpapercutting.of因befullof為固定搭配，意為“充滿(mǎn)”。with因bedecoratedwith為固定搭配，意為“用……裝飾”。to因drawattentionto為固定搭配，意為“引起對(duì)……的注意”。In因inreturn為固定搭配，意為“作為回報(bào)”，位于句首首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。as因beknownas為固定搭配，意為“作為……而出名”，故填as。From因from…to…為固定搭配，意為“從……到……”。to因behometo(是……的所在地)為固定搭配。13.Whataboutprovidingstudents______opportunitiestoteacheachother?14.AtagymnasiumindowntownBeijing,agroupofyoungenthusiastsaretrainingandpracticingthetraditionalmartialartofshuaijiao,whichisnative_____China.with因providesbwithsth為固定搭配，意為“提供某物給某人”。to因benativeto為固定搭配，意為“源于……的”。15.…DujiangyanstillletswaterflowthroughtheMinjiangRivernaturally,enablingecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))andfishpopulationstoexist____harmony.16.Zhuangzi,aphilosopher,dreamsofbeingabutterflyandcouldn’tdistinguishdream______reality…in因inharmony是固定搭配，意為“和諧”。from因distinguishAfromB是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“區(qū)分A和B”。as因thesameas是固定搭配，意為“與……一樣”。into/to因turn…into/to…是固定搭配，意為“把……變成……”。19.Itmightseemextreme,butCoatesisjustoneofmanybudding(萌芽的)plantenthusiasts(愛(ài)好者)devotinghoursadayandthousandsofdollars____cultivating(培養(yǎng))plantcollectionsintheirhomes.20.Butforyears,scientistsdidn’tpaymuchattention_____Scelidosaurus.to因devote…todoingsth是固定搭配，意為“投入/致力于做某事”。to因payattentionto是固定搭配，意為“注意……”。21.Students,teachers,andresearchersuseit____aninvestigativetool.

22.Thesuccessofthebookmadehimwell-knownandcontributed_____thehonorhereceivedin1954—theNobelPrizeinLiterature.as因usesthassth(用某物作為某物)是固定短語(yǔ)，用介詞as。to因contributeto(促成；導(dǎo)致)是固定詞組。近義表達(dá)還有cause,resultin,leadto,bringabout,giveriseto等。23.Alotofresearchfocuses_____poormentalhealth,orsingleaspectofwell-beinglikelifesatisfaction.24.Butparticipating_____toomanyextracurricularactivitiesdoesdeprive(使喪失)thechildrenoftheirplaytime.on因focuson(集中于)是固定搭配。近義搭配還有concentrateon,fastenon,fixon,bebenton等。in因participatein(=takepartin參加)為固定搭配。25.Thestudentsspentfivedaysattheirschoollearning____experiencedworkersfromtheMasonryInstituteofIowa…26.Oraclebones(甲骨文)serve____importantmaterialsforstudyingthelong-standingandbrilliantChinesecivilization.from因learnfrom(向……學(xué)習(xí))為固定搭配。as因serveas(充當(dāng)；用作)為固定搭配。27.Wecongratulated_____herhealthandthefamilyofthewomanisnowdoingwell.Wearesohappy.28.Jogginghelpstoreducestubbornfat.Arunningprogramcanreallyhelptocutback__________thelastofyourstubbornfat.on因congratulateonsth(為某事祝賀)為固定搭配。on/upon因cutbackon/upon(削減)為固定短語(yǔ)。withon/upon因haveaninfluenceon/upon為固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……有影響”。with因haveaconversationwithsb為固定搭配，表示“與某人交談”。in因fallinlovewith(愛(ài)上)是固定搭配。33.Litteriseverywhere,doinggreatharm_____theenvironmentandlifeonourplanet…34.Thankfully,effectivemeasureshavebeentakenbyChinaandIndiatoprohibittheTibetanantelopes_____beinghunted.to因doharmto為固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……有害”。from因prohibitsbfromdoingsth(禁止某人做某事)是固定搭配。35.InMaySt.Wilfrid’sPrimarySchoolbannedstudents______usingdesignerpencilsincasepoorstudentswouldfeellookeddownupon.36.Let’sgooutintheyardandfillthebottle______watertoseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryit.from因bansbfromdoingsth(禁止某人做某事)為固定搭配。類(lèi)似的還有stopsbfromdoingsth,keepsbfromdoingsth,preventsbfromdoingsth等。with因fill…with…(用……裝滿(mǎn)……)是固定搭配。with因providesbwithsth(給某人提供某物)是固定搭配，故填with。38.ArtistsfromsouthwesternChina’sChongqingpresentedtheWellingtonaudience_____SichuanOperaPerformance.39.Theydoeverythingtogether:study,read,watchTV,surftheInternet,playsportsandlistentomusic.Anyonewhohasaproblemcanasktheother_____help.with由presentsbwithsth(贈(zèng)予某人某物)是固定搭配。for因asksbforhelp(向某人求助)是固定搭配。with/andon因spend…onsth是固定搭配。42.Whenalongreadingassignmentisgiven,instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliar______informationinthereadingeveniftheydonotdiscussitinclass.43.Globalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercentsincetheearly2000s,anareaequal___alloftheAmazonrainforest.with因befamiliarwith(對(duì)……熟悉)為固定搭配，比較：befamiliartosb為某人所熟悉。to因beequalto(等于；勝任)為固定搭配。44.Ifso,it’sveryimpolite____thehostandseniorswhoarepresentatthetable.45.AccordingtoSCMP,

theso-called

“fournewgreatinventions”werebased__________lastyear’sresearchconductedbytheSilkRoadResearchInstitute.to因beimpolitetosb(對(duì)某人無(wú)禮)是固定搭配。on/upon因bebasedon/upon(建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上)是固定搭配。46.Earthenhousesaremade____earth,stone,bambooandwood,allreadilyavailablematerials…of因bemadeof(由……制成)為固定搭配，成品中能看出原材料，若成品中看不出原材料，就用bemadefrom。助記：因of兩個(gè)字母，from四個(gè)字母，即from較of復(fù)雜，在制造過(guò)程中變化也較復(fù)雜，所以用from時(shí)，成品中看不出原料。47.SamaranchFoundationwasfoundedin2012.Itisnamed_____formerInternationalOlympicCommitteePresidentJuanAntonioSamaranch.48.Hewasgood_____makinglittlethings.after因benamedafter(以……命名)是固定搭配。at因begoodat(擅長(zhǎng))是固定搭配。49.Chinatodayisacountryrich____ancientknowledgeandcustom,yetonethatisalsoburstingwithcreativity.50.Thegiantpandaislisted____endangeredintheWorldConservationUnion’s(IUCN’s)RedListofThreatenedAnimals.in因berichin(富含……)是固定搭配。as因belistedas…(被列為……)是固定搭配。51.Andthepopularcartooncharacter,

withitsroundbellyandbigears,haslongbeenregarded____asymbolforabundance,

wealthandgoodluckinChineseculture.as因beregardedas(被視為)為固定搭配。表示“將……看作……”的表達(dá)還有see…as…,view…as…,thinkof…as…,take…as…等。of因thinkof…as(認(rèn)為……是)是固定搭配。as因berememberedas(作為……而被懷念/銘記)是固定搭配。54.The“newfourgreatinventions”areallrelated______China’shigh-techinnovation(創(chuàng)新),whichimprovedthequalityofpeople’slives.55.Beijing’sForbiddenCityisaplacefull_____wonders.to因berelatedto(與……有關(guān))是固定搭配。of因(be)fullof(充滿(mǎn))是固定搭配。56.ThevillagersthenunderstoodthatNianwasafraid____thecolourred.57.Allofusstudentsweredressed_____schooluniformwithredribbonsonourwrists,showingtheenergyofyouth.of因beafraidof(害怕)是固定搭配。in因bedressedin(=bewearing穿著)是固定搭配。58.Inbothactingandtechnicalterms,thefilmissimilar____aHollywoodblockbuster(大片),includinggunfights,carchasesandanunderwaterfight.59.TheChinesenationismadeup____56nationalities.to因besimilarto(與……相似)是固定搭配。of因bemadeupof(由……組成)是固定搭配。60.AndwiththevastterritoryofChina,winterofeveryareadoesn’tbegin_____thesametime.61.Forgettingmakesussmartbyworkingwithmemorizing___thefollowingways,theresearcherssay.First,…at因atthesametime(在同一時(shí)間)是固定詞組。in因inthefollowingways(通過(guò)以下方式/在以下幾個(gè)方面)是固定搭配。62.…andthepainterfoldedthepaintingwithgreatcare____thepresenceofmanyviewers.63.___theentranceoftherestaurantstandtwobigLei-likestatues…in因inthepresenceof(當(dāng)著某人；在某人在場(chǎng)時(shí))是固定詞組。At因attheentranceof(在……的入口處)是固定詞組。64.EverytimeIgointoCao’soffice,it’s____ahugemess…65.Butyou’renotinChina—you’reinManchesterinBritain.____fact,youmightseesimilarthingsinmanyothercities.Chineseproductshavebeengoingglobal.in因inamess(凌亂；一團(tuán)糟)為固定詞組。In因infact(事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上)為固定詞組。66.Despitehavingnoplansofgettingmarriedanytimesoon,

Fudecidedtoweartheweddingdressforhergrandfather.

ThemanfellseriouslyilllastSeptember,withdoctorswarningthathecouldpassaway____anytime.at因atanytime(隨時(shí)；任何時(shí)候)為固定詞組。67.However,humanactivitieshaveputthisecosystem____riskinrecentyears.68.Chinahasafour-tiercolour-codedweatherwarningsystem,withredrepresentingthemostsevere,followed____orange,yellowandblue.at因put…atrisk(使……處于危險(xiǎn)之中)是固定搭配。by因followedby(接著是)是固定搭配。69.Whenyoucangetthesegiantdatacollections,…andit’llbeagreatadvantageforChina.Apart_______that,Chinahasthemostnetizensandthenumberisgrowingfast…70.Hewassittingatatableclose_____usandwetalkedexcitedlywithhimaboutthebeautysurroundingus.from因apartfrom為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“除了……”。to因closeto(靠近)是固定搭配。71.AteamledbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofExeteranalyzedUKBiobankdata(基因數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))frommore______48,000peoplewithdepression(抑郁)…72.Itisalsoaculturalbridge_________XishuangbannaandSoutheastAsiancountriesthatsharethesamefestival.than因morethan(超過(guò)；多于)為固定搭配，與此相對(duì)的是lessthan(少于)。between因between…and…(在……與……之間)是固定搭配。73._____Chen’ssurprise,theoldgamehasattractedahugecrowd…74.Thereisanotherkind______people.To因toone’s+名詞(令人……的是)是固定搭配。of因akindof(一種)是固定搭配。75.Inancienttimes,asabelief,

thedragongavestrongsupport

to

the

ruling

ofabignation,

andtopeople’sfragilespiritsandhardlifebecausepeoplesufferedfromextremenaturaldisastersandlack______thesupport

fromscience.of如果lack是動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)與suffered并列，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但此處是原形，說(shuō)明lack是名詞，作

from

的賓語(yǔ)，而lack作名詞時(shí)，常接of，即lackof(缺乏)。76.MysuggestionisthatanotebookshouldbekeptandaChinese-Englishdictionarybe_______ourreach.77.GeoffEdwardssaidheleftschoolatayoungagewithtwoqualificationsandfewambitions,thenendeduphomelessinthecityofCambridgeafterworking___afieldlaborerdriedup.within意思是“一本英漢詞典要放在能拿得到的地方”，而withinone’sreach(某人伸手能拿到的地方)是固定詞組。as由固定搭配workas(從事某工作)可知。as意為“作為”，后面接職業(yè)名稱(chēng)。78.Thedrama,whichisbasedonthenovelofthesamename,showsadeepreflectiononthefight__________corruption(腐敗).against表示“反對(duì)”用against。fightagainst意為“與……做斗爭(zhēng)；爭(zhēng)取克服”。79.Userscanrentabike____alowcost.80.Around200AD,theChinesefirstcameupwithpaper,oneofthegreatestinventionsintheworld.Itismade____

wood.at表示“以……的價(jià)格或代價(jià)”用ata…cost。表示“以，按(速度、比率、價(jià)格等)”用介詞at。又如：driveat70mph以時(shí)速70英里駕駛；buyitathalf-price以半價(jià)買(mǎi)下它。from因紙中一般是看不出木頭的，故用from。81.Industrialdesignistheprofessionofdesigningproducts____millionsofpeopletomaketheirlifemucheasier.82.…sotheyfiguredoutawaytocookcheapmeatsandoffal(內(nèi)臟)______boilingtheminapotofextremelyspicysoup.for因millionsofpeople為designingproducts的目的對(duì)象，意為“為了”，故填for。by表示“通過(guò)；借助”應(yīng)用介詞by。一般用法83.Chinesecouplets(對(duì)聯(lián))arewidelykeptboth___moderncitiesandruralareasofChina.84.Whenwethinkofsomecountries,_____theNetherlands,weimaginehundredsofpeoplecyclingeverywhere.in表示“在中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代城市和農(nóng)村地區(qū)”應(yīng)用介詞in。like空前的somecountries可知，此處表示舉例，意為“例如”荷蘭。85.Thisleadstobetterresults_____students.86.AncientarchitectureinChinastandsout_____itsfinewoodenstructure,theelegantoutsideandbeautifuldecoration.for表示“對(duì)……而言”用介詞for。for表示“因?yàn)椋挥捎凇庇媒樵~for。with表示“具有；帶有”用介詞with。in表示“在……方面”通常用介詞in。89.A63-year-oldChinesegrandpa’straditionalcarpentry(木工)skillsaredelightingtensofmillionsofviewersonlineashecreateswoodwork_________glue,screws(螺絲釘)ornails.90.TheChinesehavebeeneatinganddevelopingvariouskindsofnoodles_____thousandsofyears.without聯(lián)系上文及空格后的or可知，這里表示“不用膠水、螺絲釘和釘子就能做出木工活”，故填介詞without。for因句中用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)havebeeneatinganddeveloping，表示一段時(shí)間用“for+時(shí)間段”。91.Forexample,hehasdeerthathelphimdeliverpresents____ChristmasEve.92.Thestoryis_______theWestBottomBadgers,ayouthbasketballteam.on在具體的某天或某天的上/下午或晚上前都用on，此處表示在平安夜。about介詞about意為“關(guān)于”，后面涉及故事的內(nèi)容。93.Afastgrowingeconomyandstrongsupport______Chineserulershelpedthedevelopmentoftechnologyandtheexpansionofknowledge.94.Healsorefusestousechemicals,smokeorprotectiveclothingwhenheworkswithbees.Hetouchesthem_____

hisbarehands.from此處表示“來(lái)自”，故填from。with表示“用”手觸碰，用介詞with。95.It’snicetobeabletolieinbedinthemorning,spendmoretime_____yourfamilyandrelatives，andhavemoretimetothink.96.Ifyoualwayshatecertainvegetables,youmaybemorethanapickyeater.Instead,youmightbea“super-taster”,aperson_____bittergenes(苦味基因).with因“和某人在一起”度過(guò)更多時(shí)間，表示“和……一起”用with。注意：千萬(wàn)別以為是spend…on結(jié)構(gòu)，而誤填on。with作者應(yīng)是表達(dá)“有苦味基因的人”，故填with(具有；帶有)