水質(zhì)工程學(xué)智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年

水質(zhì)工程學(xué)智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案2024年水質(zhì)工程學(xué)Whichofthefollowingstatementisfalseaboutthepreparationofactivatedcarbon：（）

A:Theprocessofpreparingactivatedcarbonmainlycontainstwosteps:carbonizationandactivation.B:Thenon-carboncomponentsareremovedandgraphitestructuresareformedthroughcarbonization.C:Theaimsofactivationareenlargingthespecificareaofcarbonmaterialandgeneratingfunctionalgroupswhichactasadsorptionsites.D:Duringtheactivationprocedure,thecarbonizedmaterialisheatedinthepresenceofoxidants.答案:Theprocessofpreparingactivatedcarbonmainlycontainstwosteps:carbonizationandactivation.Theporesizerangeofultrafiltrationmembraneis().

A:0.5-5nmB:10-100nmC:0.1nmD:0.1-10mm答案:10-100nmTheadsorptionkineticsofpowderedactivatedcarbon(PAC)is(),anditis()toregenerate.Theadsorptionkineticsofgranularactivatedcarbon(GAC)is(),anditis()toregenerate.（）

A:slow;easier;slow;moredifficultB:slow;easier;fast;moredifficultC:fast;moredifficult;fast;easierD:fast;moredifficult;slow;easier答案:fast;moredifficult;slow;easierPolyaluminumispreparedbyaddingalkaliintothealuminumsalts,andthenspecieswith()arepreformed,whichhavegreatabilitytocompressdoublelayer.

A:all

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correctB:highchargeandlowdegreeofpolymerizationC:lowchargeandhighdegreeofpolymerizationD:lowchargeandlowdegreeofpolymerization答案:highchargeandlowdegreeofpolymerizationWhichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaboutthecharacteristicsofwater:()

A:Thedewonleavesappearssphericalmainlybecauseofthehighsurfacetensionofwater.B:Thevolumeofwaterincreasesasitbecomesice.C:Waterhasaveryhighboilingpointandhighheatofvaporization.D:Themaximumdensityofliquidwaterisnear0℃.答案:Themaximumdensityofliquidwaterisnear0℃Whichofthefollowingitemisnottheusualfeatureofriverwater:()

A:LowsalinityB:LowhardnessC:HighturbidityD:Stablewaterquality答案:StablewaterqualityThewaterflowisstirredviolentlyatmixingstage,sothatthechemicalscanbequicklyandevenlydispersedintowater.Duringtherapidhydrolysis,particledestabilizationaccelerates.Gvalueatthisstageshouldbeas(A)aspossible,andthetimeofthisstageisusually().

A:high；longB:high；shortC:low；shortD:low；long答案:high；shortWhichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaboutthecommoncontaminantsinwater:()

A:Perfluorocarboxylicacidcouldbedegradedasinorganicsubstancesbymicroorganisms.B:Nitrogenandphosphorusarethemainsubstancesthatcauseeutrophicationandtheoutbreakofalgaeinlakes,reservoirs,bays,andotherwater.C:Despitelowconcentrations,heavymetalionsshowtoxicityandcanaccumulateinhumanbody,causingchronichazards.D:Althoughsomecontaminantsarenon-toxic,theycouldaffectphysicalpropertiessuchastransparencyandfluidityofwaterandcausenegativeeffects.答案:PerfluorocarboxylicacidcouldbedegradedasinorganicsubstancesbymicroorganismsThecommonadsorbentsusedindrinkingwatertreatmentexceptactivatedcarboninclude：（

）①kaolin;②bentonite;③activatedalumina;④zeolite;⑤resin

A:①②⑤B:②③④C:①②③④⑤D:①③④⑤答案:①②③④⑤Velocitygradientcanbegeneratedby().

A:BrownianmotionofwatermoleculesB:DecreaseofwatertemperatureC:Consumptionofthepotentialenergyofwater(i.e.waterhead)D:Mechanicalmixing答案:Mechanicalmixing###Consumptionofthepotentialenergyofwater(i.e.waterhead)Theapplicationofairflotationinwatertreatmentmainlyincludes（）.

A:pretreatmentofhigh-turbiditywaterB:sludgethickeningC:algaeladenwatertreatmentD:oilwastewatertreatment答案:algaeladenwatertreatment###oilwastewatertreatment###sludgethickeningWhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutozonation：()

A:Ozonecanalsohavenegativeeffectoncoagulationinsomesituations.B:Ozonecandecomposeintohydroxylradicalswhichindirectlyinteractwithorganicpollutantsinwater.C:Ozonecandissolveinwaterreactsdirectlywiththeorganicpollutants,andthereactioniskineticallyfastandhasnoselectivity.D:Ozonecaneffectivelyconvertsolublesubstancesintoinsolubleoxidesandprecipitateoutofthewater.答案:Ozonecaneffectivelyconvertsolublesubstancesintoinsolubleoxidesandprecipitateoutofthewater.;Ozonecandecomposeintohydroxylradicalswhichindirectlyinteractwithorganicpollutantsinwater.;Ozonecanalsohavenegativeeffectoncoagulationinsomesituations.Therearetwofunctionsforthewaterpurificationinslowsandfiltration,including().

A:biologicaladsorptionandbio-degradationB:mechanicalinterceptionC:theinactivationofbacterianearthesurfaceoffiltermediaD:chemicaloxidation答案:mechanicalinterception###biologicaladsorptionandbio-degradationWhichone(s)belong(s)tosludgerefluxclarifier().

A:hydrauliccirculatingclarifierB:bell-jarpulseclarificationtankC:mechanicallyacceleratedclarifierD:vacuumpulseclarificationtank答案:mechanicallyacceleratedclarifier###hydrauliccirculatingclarifierThereasonsforthestabilityofcolloidsinclude().

A:BrownianmotionofwatermoleculesB:HydrationshelleffectC:ThehydrogenbondbetweencolloidsD:Theelectrostaticrepulsionbetweencolloidalparticles答案:Brownianmotionofwatermolecules###Theelectrostaticrepulsionbetweencolloidalparticles###HydrationshelleffectTheequipmentinmechanicallyacceleratedclarifierdoesnotinclude().

A:waterjetB:vacuumpumpC:sludgedischargepipeD:vane答案:waterjet###vacuumpumpTheslowsandfiltrationusuallyhastwoworkingstages,including().

A:thefiltrationperiodB:matureperiodofthefilterlayerC:theagingperiodD:thebackwashperiod答案:matureperiodofthefilterlayer###thefiltrationperiodTheefficiencyofcoagulationprocessisnotgoodduringtheconditionoflowtemperature,because().

A:theviscosityofwaterishigh,sotheBrownianmotionisweak,makingitdifficultforcolloidstoaggregateB:coagulantswillnothydrolyzecompletelyC:TherateofcoagulantshydrationistoohighD:thehydrationofcolloidalparticlesisenhanced,whichhindersthecoagulationprocess答案:coagulantswillnothydrolyzecompletely###thehydrationofcolloidalparticlesisenhanced,whichhindersthecoagulationprocess###theviscosityofwaterishigh,sotheBrownianmotionisweak,makingitdifficultforcolloidstoaggregateThemechanismsofmembranefoulinginclude().

A:PoreblockingB:GelformationC:AdsorptionD:Cakelayerformation答案:Adsorption;Poreblocking;Cakelayerformation;GelformationThemainreasonsforthedecreaseofmembranefluxare().

A:ConcentrationpolarizationB:MembraneagingC:MembranefoulingD:Membraneinjury答案:Concentrationpolarization###MembranefoulingThepurificationmechanismsofultrafiltrationmembraneinclude().

A:PhysicalrejectionB:AdsorptionbridgingC:BiologicaldegradationD:Chemicalreaction答案:Physicalrejection###Chemicalreaction###BiologicaldegradationThemethodstoreducetheeffectofdensitycurrentofturbidwaterinclude().

A:increasinghorizontalflowvelocityB:decreasingdepthoftankC:installingperforatedwallontheinfluentzoneD:increasingverticalgridsinsedimentationzone答案:increasinghorizontalflowvelocity###increasingverticalgridsinsedimentationzone###decreasingdepthoftankThetwooperationmodelsofthemicrofiltrationprocessare().

A:ConstantpressurefiltrationB:Cross-FlowFiltrationC:Dead-EndFiltrationD:Constantratefiltration答案:Dead-EndFiltration;Cross-FlowFiltrationTherequirementsofairflotationprocessinclude().

A:Thedensityofthepollutantshouldbelowerthan(orcloseto)waterB:Thesizeofthebubbleusuallyrangesfrom10to100micrometersC:ThepollutantshouldbehydrophobicD:Thereshouldbeastrongadhesionbetweenthebubbleandpollutant答案:Thesizeofthebubbleusuallyrangesfrom10to100micrometers###Thedensityofthepollutantshouldbelowerthan(orcloseto)water###Thereshouldbeastrongadhesionbetweenthebubbleandpollutant###ThepollutantshouldbehydrophobicInthereverseosmosisprocess,waterpassesthroughthemembranefromthelowconcentrationsidetothehighconcentrationside.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:錯(cuò)Topreventthelossoffiltermediafromthecollectingsystemduringbackwashing,asupportinglayerisneeded.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:錯(cuò)Chemicalcleaningisusuallybasedonthedegreeofmembranefouling,usingoxidant(sodiumhypochlorite,etc.),acid(hydrochloricacid,sulfuricacid,nitricacid,etc.),alkali(sodiumhydroxide,etc.),complexingagent,surfactant,enzyme,detergentandotherchemicalcleaningagentstosoakandcleanthemembrane.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:對(duì)Whentheincludedanglebetweeninclinedtube/plateandhorizontalplaneincreases,theareaofthehorizontalprojectionplaneandthesettlingefficiencywillincrease.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:錯(cuò)誤TheappliedtransversesurfacecleaninginV-shapedfiltermayincreasetheamountofbackwashingwater.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:錯(cuò)Accordingtotheaddingpositionofchlorine,chlorinationofmicroorganismscanbesortedintopre-chlorination,intermediatechlorinationandpostchlorination.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)Lakesareusuallymoresuitableforplanktonoralgaegrowthandreproductionthanrivers.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)Thedosageofchlorineisdeterminedaccordingtotherequirementthat0.05mg/Lresidualchlorineshouldberemainedattheendofthewaterplant(GB5749-2006).()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:錯(cuò)Onlystableandnontoxicmaterialscanbeusedasadsorbentsindrinkingwatertreatment.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:對(duì)Wetoxidationregenerationneedshightemperatureandpressure.（）

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:正確Ferroussulfateisverycheapandcanbeapplieddirectlytocoagulationprocess.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:錯(cuò)Streamingcurrentdetector(SCD)monitorstheperformanceofcoagulationprocessbymeasuringthezetapotentialdirectly.()

A:錯(cuò)誤B:正確答案:錯(cuò)誤Organicsinsurfacewateraretheprimaryreasonoftheformationofdisinfectionby-products(DBPs).()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:對(duì)Thecolloidalparticlesarechargedbyadsorbingions,sotheyareoftenunstableinwater.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:錯(cuò)OnlythewaterwhichbelongstoClassI～ClassIIIcanbeusedasdrinkingwatersource.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)Algae-ladenwatercanbeeasilycontrolledbycoagulationprocess.()

A:正確B:錯(cuò)誤答案:錯(cuò)Thecoatingoforganicmattersonthesurfaceofinorganiccolloidswillleadtoahighdosageofcoagulants.Pre-oxidationwouldbeagoodchoicetodestroytheorganiccoating,whenrawwaterwithhighorganicsistreated.()

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)答案:對(duì)UniformitycoefficientK80isusuallylowerthan2.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)Inairflotationprocess,thesmallerbubblecanalwaysresultinbetterperformance.()

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)答案:對(duì)IfpHincreases,itwillbeeasierforactivatedcarbon