商務(wù)英語詞匯教程(學(xué)生)

商務(wù)英語與公共英語的關(guān)系

商務(wù)英語是專門用途英語(EnglishforSpecialPurpose)大家族的一員，它與公共英語(GeneralEnglish)既相聯(lián)系，又相區(qū)別，兩者的關(guān)系可比作“毛”與“皮”的關(guān)系。我們中國有這樣一句成語，對(duì)它們的關(guān)系做出了概括，即“皮之不存，毛將焉附。”大學(xué)一、二年級(jí)學(xué)習(xí)公共英語為進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)商務(wù)英語打好公共英語的基礎(chǔ)。畢竟商務(wù)英語與公共英語在基本詞匯和基本句型的使用上有相同的“共性”，如果忽視了兩者之間的這一聯(lián)系，基礎(chǔ)沒打好就急于開始商務(wù)英語的學(xué)習(xí)，單單在語言方面的困難就足以令我們因?yàn)榕e步維艱而蒙生退意了。但是商務(wù)英語作為在外商務(wù)活動(dòng)中所使用的英語，在詞匯、句式、行文結(jié)構(gòu)這三個(gè)層次上都表現(xiàn)出有別于公共英語的個(gè)性，譬如，我們要讀懂西方報(bào)刊國際商務(wù)文章，就必須掌握一定的有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的專業(yè)英語詞匯，如涉及到有關(guān)描述經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易發(fā)展情況、趨勢(shì)、國際貿(mào)易收支、貿(mào)易摩擦、跨國公司、商品市場(chǎng)等方面的一些專業(yè)英語詞匯。英語商務(wù)文章的句式及句子之間的連接也有其特點(diǎn)，如在對(duì)商務(wù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行比較時(shí)經(jīng)常借助于多種語法手段，從而有機(jī)地把枯燥的數(shù)字和信息揉合在一起。為使句子之間的意思更好地連貫起來，常常使用連接詞，介詞和副詞，如表明對(duì)比和情況變化關(guān)系的詞有but，however，whereas，either…or和neither…nor等；表示情況內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的連接詞和短語介詞有and，aswellas和inthecaseof等。就文體而言，英語商務(wù)文章大體可分為四類：公共經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易消息報(bào)告；經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易情況簡報(bào)；經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易和商品市場(chǎng)調(diào)研報(bào)告；經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易評(píng)論。每一體裁又有不同的結(jié)構(gòu)，如經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易評(píng)論文章主要由以下幾個(gè)部分組成：簡單敘述被評(píng)論觀點(diǎn)或事情的背景；提出自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法；闡述評(píng)論觀點(diǎn)或事情的意義。經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易和商品市場(chǎng)調(diào)研報(bào)告公共包括：對(duì)前一階段情況作簡單回顧；由統(tǒng)計(jì)材料或典型事例闡述對(duì)目前情況的看法；對(duì)下一階段的形勢(shì)發(fā)展提出預(yù)測(cè)；最后有時(shí)還提出應(yīng)采取的對(duì)策或建議。另外，英語商務(wù)文章的選材的專業(yè)性要求我們必須具備一定的專業(yè)知識(shí)。如果我們對(duì)各主題所涉及的知識(shí)比較缺乏，必然會(huì)覺得文章難讀難懂，因此，我們也必須想方設(shè)法克服背景知識(shí)方面的障礙，如能在進(jìn)入本門課程學(xué)習(xí)前，先期學(xué)習(xí)國際貿(mào)易、國際金融等課程，則對(duì)于這門課的學(xué)習(xí)也是大有裨益的。課程導(dǎo)入商務(wù)英語中有一些使用十分頻繁的詞匯很容易被誤譯，原因是商務(wù)英語中相同的單詞在不同情況下具有不同的含義。例一：floatingItisnotsurprising,then,thattheworldsawareturntoafloatingexchangeratesystemCentralbankswerenolongerrequiredtosupporttheirowncurrencies.Floatingpolicyisofgreatimportanceforexporttrade;itis,infact,aconvenientmethodofinsuringgoodswhereanumberofsimilarexporttransactionsareintended,e.g.wheretheinsuredhastosupplyanoverseasimporterunderanexclusivesalesagreementormaintainssalesrepresentativesorsubsidiarycompaniesabroad.譯文：在這種情況下，世界各國又恢復(fù)浮動(dòng)匯率就不足為奇了。各國中央銀行也就無須維持本幣的匯價(jià)了。統(tǒng)保單對(duì)出口貿(mào)易至關(guān)重要。它實(shí)際上是貨物保險(xiǎn)中的一種便利的辦法，特別適合于分不同的時(shí)間出口的一批類似貨物，如：當(dāng)被保險(xiǎn)方根據(jù)獨(dú)家代理協(xié)議書向國外的進(jìn)口方供貨，或在國外委任了銷售代表，設(shè)立分支機(jī)構(gòu)時(shí)用之。注解：floating在上述兩個(gè)句中的意思完全不一樣，floatingexchangerate意為“浮動(dòng)匯率”，即可自由浮動(dòng)，完全受市場(chǎng)力量決定的匯率制度。而floatingpolicy則指用以承保多批次貨運(yùn)的一種持續(xù)性長期保險(xiǎn)憑證，常譯為“統(tǒng)保單”。例二：confirmWe'dliketoinformyouthatourcountersamplewillbesenttoyoubyDHLbytheendofthisweekandpleaseconfirmitASAPsothatwecanstartourmassproduction.Paymentwillbemadeby100%confirmed,irrevocableLetterofCreditavailablebysightdraft。譯文：很高興通知您，我們的回樣將于本周末用特快專遞給您，請(qǐng)盡快確認(rèn)，以便我們開始大批生產(chǎn)。付款方式為100%即期，保兌，不可撤消信用證。注解：confirmed一詞在這兩句話的意思也不一樣。在第一個(gè)句子中，confirm的意思是“確認(rèn)”。在第二個(gè)句子中，confirmedL/C應(yīng)翻譯為“保兌信用證”，即指一家銀行所開的由另一家銀行保證兌付的一種銀行信用證。例三：negotiableParttimebarmanrequired.Hoursandsalarynegotiable.ThisBillofLadingisissuedinanegotiableform,soitshallconstitutetitletothegoodsandtheholder,byendorsementofthisB/L.譯文：招聘兼職酒店保安，工作時(shí)間和薪水面議。所簽發(fā)的提單可為轉(zhuǎn)讓的，故只要在提單上背書,便確定了貨物和持票人的所有權(quán)。注解：在第一句話中，negotiable的意思是“可商議的”，在第二句話中的意思則是“可轉(zhuǎn)讓的”，“可轉(zhuǎn)讓提單”經(jīng)過背書后即可將所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給他人，值得注意的是，negotiatingbank則是議付銀行，即購買或貼現(xiàn)匯票的銀行。例四：discountYoumaygeta5%discountifyourorderisonaregularbasis.Ifasellerextendscredittoatimedraft,theyhavemadeatradeacceptance.Thesellercanrequestthatthebankfinancethetransactionbybuyingthedraft.Thebankissaidtodiscountthedraft.譯文：如果你方定期給我方下定單，你方便可得到5%的折扣。如賣方開出的是遠(yuǎn)期匯票，以此向買方提供信用，此時(shí)就做了一筆商業(yè)匯票承兌業(yè)務(wù)，賣方可以請(qǐng)銀行買下商業(yè)承兌匯票，銀行用這個(gè)辦法對(duì)出口商融資，也就是說，銀行對(duì)該匯票貼現(xiàn)了。注解：discount在這兩句話中的意思一個(gè)是折扣，另一個(gè)是貼現(xiàn)。折扣是指商品在原價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上按百分比降價(jià)，貼現(xiàn)則是指未到期的票據(jù)向銀行融資，銀行扣取自買進(jìn)日至到期日的利息，并收取一定的手續(xù)費(fèi)后，將余下的票面金額付給持票人。例五：endorseOurproductshavebeenendorsedbytheNationalQualityInspectionAssociation.DraftmustbeaccompaniedbyfullsetoriginalonboardmarineBillofLadingmadeouttoorder,endorsedinblank,markedfreightprepaid.譯文：我們的產(chǎn)品為全國質(zhì)量檢查協(xié)會(huì)的推薦產(chǎn)品。匯票必須附有全套印有“貨物收訖”字樣的正本海運(yùn)提單，憑指示、空白背書，并寫明“運(yùn)費(fèi)已付”。注解：在第一個(gè)句子中，“推薦”是指用過某種產(chǎn)品后感到滿意，并通過媒體介紹給公眾。而第二句中的“空白背書明是指背書人(endorser)只在票據(jù)背面簽上自己的名字，而不注明特定的被背書人(endorsee)。例六：averageIfaparticularcargoispartiallydamaged，thedamageiscalledparticularaverage.It'sobviousthattheproductsarebelowtheaveragequality.譯文：如果某批貨是部分受損，我們稱之為“單獨(dú)海損”。很明顯，這批產(chǎn)品的品質(zhì)是中下水平。注解：在第一個(gè)句子中，particularaverage的意思是“單獨(dú)海損”，是指在保險(xiǎn)業(yè)中由于海上事故所導(dǎo)致的部分損失，因此average一詞的意思是損失或損壞，而第二句中的average為“平均”之意。例七：tenderUnderCIF,itistheseller'sobligationtotendertherelativedocumentstothebuyertoenablehimtoobtaindeliveryofthegoods.Hebecameasexhilaratedasifhistenderforbuildingamansionhadbeenaccepted.譯文：在CIF價(jià)格術(shù)語項(xiàng)下，賣方的責(zé)任是向買方遞交有關(guān)單證，使其能在貨物到達(dá)后提取貨物。他欣喜若狂，好像他承辦大廈建筑的投標(biāo)被接受了。注解：商務(wù)英語中的重要條款用詞非常正規(guī)，在第一句話中，tender是用作動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于give。而在第二句中，tender是用作名詞，意思是“投標(biāo)”。在一些由中文翻譯的英語樣本、合同、廣告和其他文件材料中常見一些翻譯錯(cuò)誤，現(xiàn)僅舉幾個(gè)出現(xiàn)頻率較高的例子，試作分析。由港澳國際投資公司投資的海口電站工程因其建設(shè)速度和質(zhì)量得到高度評(píng)價(jià)。原譯文：TheHaikouPowerStationProjectinvestedbytheHongkong-MacauInternationalInvestmentCo,Ltd.washighlyappraisedforitsconstructionspeedandquality.注：投資某項(xiàng)工程應(yīng)為investinaproject，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不能漏去前置詞in。應(yīng)譯為：TheHaikouPowerStationProjectinvestedin(在某些情況下可用financedorfunded）bytheHongkong-MacauInternationalInvestmentCo.,Ltd.washighlyappraisedforitsconstructionspeedandquality.上海SFECO擁有5個(gè)控股子公司。原譯文：ShanghaiSFECOGrouphas5share-holdingcompanies.注：share-holdingcompany指控制或持有某公司股權(quán)的股東公司。上述譯文意思是5個(gè)公司持有ShanghaiSFECOGroup的股份，換句話說，這5個(gè)公司是“老子”公司，因此顯然不符合中文原意。應(yīng)譯為：ShanghaiSFECOGroupisaholdingcompanyof5subsidiarycompanies.或ShanghaiSFECOGroupholdssharesof5subsidiarycompanies.3.中國民生銀行有限公司原譯文：ChinaMinshengBankingCorporation,Ltd.注：corporation本身即為有限公司，相當(dāng)于limitedcompany，英譯中無需再加“Ltd”。應(yīng)譯為：ChinaMinshengBankingCorporation4.項(xiàng)目中標(biāo)之后，我們將立即開始前期準(zhǔn)備工作。原譯文：Afterthebidisawarded,weshallimmediatelystartouradvance-phasepreparation.注：項(xiàng)目中標(biāo)應(yīng)為acceptabidorawardthecontract。顯然上述譯文把兩種表達(dá)法相混淆了。應(yīng)譯為：Afterthebidisaccepted(orthecontractisawarded),weshallimmediatelystartouradvance-phasepreparation.5.歡迎您參觀我們交易會(huì)原譯文：Welcomeyoutovisitourfair!注：譯文中welcome是動(dòng)詞，因此此句是祈使句形式，省略的主語為第二人稱你（你們），而不是中文所含的我（我們）之意。應(yīng)譯為：Wewelcomeyoutovisitourtradefair!更簡潔而地道的譯法是：Welcometoourtradefair!商務(wù)英語詞匯教程landedtermsSampleSentencesObviously，landedpriceishigherthanFOBprice.Landedpriceisanexportpriceinwhichtheexporterpaysallthechargestotheportofdestinationandalsopaysthelandingchargesbutnotanydockduesoronwardcarriagechargestotheimporter’sfactoryorwarehouse.fillone’sorderSampleSentencesWearesorrythatwecannotfillyourorderforTFLDwatches.Weshouldliketofillyourorder，butthefactisthatwehavereceivedmoreordersthanwehadexpected，withtheresultthatourlargereservestockhasbeensoldout.mortgageSampleSentencesWhengrantingmortgageloantoindividuals,banksshouldcloselyevaluateanyassetsbeingputupascollateral.Heplannedtokeepthehousefor12yearsandtoletthemortgagegetpaiddownfaster.bysampleSampleSentencesQualityasperBuyer’sSample.QualitytobestrictlyaspersamplesubmittedbytheSelleronFebruary15，2008.ontheusualtradetermsSampleSentencesPleaseofferusyourbestpricesontheusualtradeterms.Theagreementstipulatesthatourproductsaretobesoldontheusualtradeterms.goDutchSampleSentencesOnceafortnightsheandagroupoffriendswouldgoDutchatoneoftheirthreefavoriterestaurants.TheofficeoutingisalwaysaDutchtreat.casestudy／caseanalysisSampleSentencesWeprovideconsultingservicestoclients,usuallythroughcaseanalysis.ThecasesusedforstudyatthebusinessschoolsarenolongeronlythosefromtheWesternbusinesses；somefromtheChinesebusinessesthemselves.covertdealSampleSentencesTopreventcovertdeals，theconstructionunitandthewatersupplyprojectheadquarterssignedalifelongresponsibilitycontractonqualityandsafety.ounceIOUwhiteknightgeneralwholesaleSampleSentencesGeneralWholesalecoversallyourneedsinonestop.semi-finishedproduct／intermediategoodsbreakevenminimumearningsSampleSentencesWhataretheminimumearningsbeforepayingtaxes?Accordingtothecontract，PartyB’sminimumearningsare$200.000.bondedarea/tariff-freezone或bondedarea。SampleSentencesByandlarge，HongKongbusinessmenhavesetupshopsintariff-freezones.coverSampleSentencesDoyouhandleopencover?WhatImeanisiftheinsuredpartywishedtomakealong-termarrangementwiththeinsurancecompany，say，forayear.Insuranceofthegoodsshallbecoveredbyuson110％oftheCIFvalue，andanyextrapremiumforadditionalinsurance，ifrequired，shallbebornebytheBuyers.strong-roomunderwriterSampleSentencesTheunderwriterhascalculatedtherisk.Wetalkedaboutitwithourunderwriter，andwewouldliketogetapolicyfortotallossonly(TLO).cautionmoney／earnestmoney／cashdepositSampleSentencesMembersoftheassociationmustdepositcautionmoneybeforebeingallowedtousetheassociation’sfacilities.Earnestmoneyismoneygiventothesellerasafirstpaymentbythebuyertoshowthatheagreestothecontractofsaleandintendstohonorit.shelflife／pulldateSampleSentencesTheproducthasashelflifeofoneweekundernormaltemperature.Thepulldateofthesepacketsofmilkisendofthismonth.Thequalityofthisproductispromisedtobeguaranteedforayear.reportformsSampleSentencesReportformsarerequiredtobesubmittedmonthly.Althoughthefinalreportformsaregeneratedautomatically,manualcheckisstillneeded.declaresthatcustomsSampleSentencesHaveyougotanythingtodeclare?Customsdeclarationforimportsandexportsisanecessityinacountry’scontrolofitsforeigntrade.quotationSampleSentencesWeareenclosingourQuotationNo.3571foryourconsideration，andhopetoreceiveyourtrialorderinthenearfuture.Theratesquotedabovearenet，andthedeliveryofgoodswillbemadeatyourofficeasdesiredatourexpense.offerSampleSentencesThankyouforyourrecentfaxtellingusthatthereisagooddemandforourPandatelevisionsinyourmarket.Wearepleasedtoofferthemasfollows.WeacknowledgewiththanksreceiptofyourletterofJanuary19.Inreply，wearepleasedtomakethefollowingoffer，subjecttoourfinalconfirmation.nosediveSampleSentencesCoffeepricesnosedivedyesterday.ThestockpricesofChinawentintoanosediveatthebeginningof2008.upstartsuddenhugeprofitsskyrocketbackupShemadeabackupcopyofallthefilesonhercomputer.Wewon’tbeabletodoitunlesswehaveatechnicalbackup.endorsementSampleSentencesIfablankendorsementismade,theholderofthebillhastherighttotakedeliveryofthegoods.backer／endorserSampleSentencesHeisthebackerofthisbill.Hasthebillbeensignedbytheendorser?capitalSampleSentencesThecompanywasstartedwithacapitalofUS$10，000.smallbusinessSampleSentencesOursisaverysmallbusiness，andwejustdon’thaveenoughcashtocarryon.Thisisjustasmallbusiness，andwecan’tmakemuchmoney.rateofexchangeSampleSentencesTherateofexchangebetweenAmericandollarsandEurodollarsshowthefallofthevalueoftheUSdollars.Theexchangeratetodayis300Japaneseyentothepound.taxhavenSampleSentencesTheBahamas，MonacoandSingaporearetaxhavens.Ataxhavenisaplacewherecertaintaxesareleviedatalowrateornotatall.Thetaxhavensphenomenonstartedastaxesarise.seven-eleven／7-ElevenalemonSampleSentencesNotuntilseveraldayslaterdidhefindthatthecarheboughtwasalemon.Toreducelossandincreaseoverallprofits,theCEOtoldhisproductmanagerstogetridofallthedogs.acquisition／merger／takeoverSampleSentencesThedirectorsofbothcompaniesmettodiscussthetermsofthemerger.imports／importedgoodssmallprofitsbutquickreturnsSampleSentencesDuetoincreasinglyfiercecompetition，manyhouseholdappliancecompanieshaveadoptedthestrategyof“smallprofitmargins，bigsales”.Thebusinessstrategyforourcompanyissmallprofitsbutquickreturns.realestateice-freeportSampleSentencesXiamenPortisoneofthetoptenportsinChina.Itisahuge，deepwater，ice-freeportthatneversiltsup.DalianPortisaworld-knowndeepandice-freeharbor,havingshippingrelationswithover160countriesandrekeepone’sheadabovewaterSampleSentencesThecompanyhadgreatdifficultykeepingitsheadabovewaterduringtheeconomiccrisis.Weareintheblack.Weshouldbeabletokeepourheadabovewaterfromnowon.dirtybillofladingSampleSentencesDirtyB/Lisoneintowhichtheship-ownershaveputaclausestatingthattheconditionsofthegoodsorpackingwhenreceivedwereunsatisfactory.FoulB／LisB／Lwithadverseremarksbythecarrierthatthegoodsreceivedforshippinglookwet，damaged，orotherwiseindoubtfulcondition，etc.forcemajeureSampleSentencesForceMajeure：TheSellersshallnotbeheldresponsible,ifthey，owingtoForceMajeurecauseorcauses,failtomakedeliverywithinthetimestipulatedintheContractorcannotdeliverthegoods.However，insuchcases,theSellersshallinformtheBuyersimmediatelybycableand,ifitisrequestedbytheBuyers，shallalsodelivertotheBuyersbyregisteredpost，acertificateattestingtheexistenceofsuchacauseorcauses.Theinsurancepolicycoversyourhouseagainstalltypesofdamage，excludingthosecausedbyactsofGod.ComparisonsareodiousSampleSentencesIt’softensaidinthebusinessworldthatcomparisonsareodious.BrettonWoodssystemdeeppocketSampleSentencesBybringingapartnerwithdeeppockets，thecompanywasinapositiontooffermoreattractivedealthatcouldbecompletedbyyear-end.makesbredundantSampleSentencesOurbranchisbadlyoverstaffed.Wehavenowdecidedtomakeeightclerksredundant.Owingtobadbusiness，over500workersofthecompanycomeundertheaxe.lotteryticketcarryoutmanagementpainstakingSampleSentencesThoughhavingkeptitgoingbypainstakingeffortthroughover20years，theenterprisewentbankruptlastyear.Nowbusinessisdull，sosmallshopslikeourshavetotakegreatpainstokeepthemgoing.cateringSampleSentencesshippingspaceSampleSentencesWecouldbookshippingspaceonS.S.“ManhattanMaru”before5May.ThisistheonlyvesselsailingdirectforTianjinwithinthesetwomonths；otherwise，wehavetowaitforanothertwomonths，asthenextsailingforTianjinwillbeon5July.It’snecessarytobookacabinseatorberthfivedays，inadvance.pricedifferenceSampleSentencesRegionalpricedifferenceswillbetakenintoaccountatthetimeofsettingprices.Seasonalvariationsinpriceareverybig.findSampleSentencesPleasefindtensamplesenclosedherewith.Enclosedpleasefindourlatestcatalogue.doublespottingSampleSentencesIfdoublespottingdidoccur，itwasusuallydonewithtwo30-secondcommercials.callmoneySampleSentencesLastmonththebankadvancedverylargesumsofcallmoneytothemoneymarket.robPetertopayPaulproductmixAnadjustmentinproductmixwillbethefocusofthenextroundofrestructuring.Wehaveworkedhardtogettherightmarketingmixforthelaunchofthenewrange.awarenessoftheproductSampleSentencesTheadvertisingcampaignhasbeenplannedtoraisetheawarenessoftheproductamongstthepublic.Youneedtolaunchanadvertisingcampaigntoraisetheawarenessoftheproductifyouwanttoforgeaworldbrand.industrialchainSampleSentencesDifferentcompaniesindifferentnationswillhavetheirownadvantages，whichdecidetheirpositionsintheworldindustrialchain.adulterationTheadulterationoffoodstuffsisillegal.Theyhaveadulteratedwinewithwater.watered-downstocksSampleSentencesWatered-downstocksarestocksthatcanbeboughtbyinsidersatacostlowerthantheirfacevalue.longton／shortton／metrictonSampleSentencesIfyoucanreduceyourpriceofureato1200USdollarspermetricton,wemaybeabletoplaceanorderof150–180metrictons.best-sellerSampleSentencesOurnewproductsellsverywell.Thisbookisthebest-sellerofthisyear.excessiveconsumptionSampleSentencesThemediaundoubtedlyplayedtheirpartinthecreationofexcessiveconsumption.Excessiveconsumptionaffectstheriseofpricestoagreatdegree.XXL／doubleextralargespeculateinshares[炒作]hypebankbill／bankpaperstrikeabargainSampleSentencesTheyhavetonegotiateaboutthepaymenttermsbeforeconcludingatransaction.Westruckabargainwiththebuyerbyallowing2％discountonapurchaseofnotlessthanonegreatgrossofindividualitemssystemofbasiccostoflivingallowancesforurbanresidentsacceptholdthelineSampleSentencesBusinessesareholdingthelineonhiringandspendingplansbecauseofuncertaintyabouttheeconomy.export(tax)rebate。SampleSentencesExportrebateshavehelpedmanyenterprisessurvivethefinancialcrisis.Touristmayhaveataxrebateupto20％oftheinvoicevalueofthecommodities.bargainpriceThesecomputersandotherhouseholdapplianceswillbesoldatbargainprices.Thesesubstandarditemscanbesoldonlyatreducedprices.itemsfordisposaloriginalgoodsSampleSentencesLandandwaterareoriginalgoods.Whatthedevelopingcountriesexporttodevelopedcountriesaremostlyoriginalgoods.nesteggSampleSentencesIamtryingtobuildanesteggsothatIcanbuyahousesomeday.FormillionsofAmericans，retirementplanningisallaboutaccumulatinga“nestegg"ofsavingsandinvestmentstogenerateenoughincometopayforacomfortablestandardoflivingaftertheystopworking.pyramidsellingsubprimelendingcrisisSampleSentencesThesubprime-lendingcrisisisworsethanyouthink，andcouldcrushfinancialandrealestatemarketsforyears.Thefinancialcrisescausedbythesubprime-lendingcrisisoftheUSaregettingworseandworse，andhavebeguntoaffecttheotherpartsoftheworld.faultygoods／defectivegoods／substandardproductsSampleSentencesNewlegislationwillgivetheconsumerstherighttohavefaultygoodsrepairedorreplacedwithinfivedays.Thesedefectivegoodswillbesoldathalfofthepriceforqualitygoods.advaloremtax／advaloremdutygreathundred／longhundredbulkpack／economysizepopulargoodsofdependablequalitySampleSentencesPopulargoodsofdependablequalitybearingsoversupply.FairaveragequalityatthetimeandplaceofloadingshallbeassesseduponthebasisofLondonCornTradeAssociation’sofficialFAQstandard.BigSaledumpbinSampleSentencesCustomersturnedoverthearticlesinthedumpbin，lookingforbargains.Goodsinthisdumpbinareallsoldatreducedprices.amountinbothwordsandfiguresSampleSentencesAmountinbothwordsandfiguresshouldbegivenontheinvoice.superstore／supermarketJoePublic／JohnQ.PublicSampleSentencesWehavetomakeitthewayJohnQ.Publicwantsit.IwanttofindoutwhatJohnQPublicthinksofournewproduct.staple／largeamountdozendoggybagguaranteediscountSampleSentencesThestorediscountedallclothingforthesale.Wegivea20％discountforcashpayment.tie-insaleTie-insaleisaveryimportantwayofsellingoverstocks.pp／perprocurationemSampleSentencesThecontractwassignedppJ.JohnandSonsLtd.TheletterwassignedJ.JohnandSonsLtd.，pp.actasapurchasingagent/buyonone’sbehalfmanofbusinessSampleSentencesHeappointedhissolicitormanofbusiness.Asforcompensation，pleasecontactmymanofbusiness.annualleavebackorderSampleSentencesThecompanyhasmorethan1000backordersforthenewmodel.Thesebackordersarerushwork，soextraworkisneeded.creditnoteSampleSentencesAcreditnoteisamonetaryinstrumentissuedbyasellerthatallowsabuyertopurchaseanitemorservicefromthatselleronafuturedate.Wecan’tgiveyouyourmoneyback,butwecanissueyouacreditnote.off-seasonbottomoutSampleSentencesOwingtotheFinancialCrisisoftheUSA，thefallofthepriceforstockshasnotbottomedout.arrivalnoticematureSampleSentencesTheysaybythetimeourchequesmaturetheywillhavedevaluedduetoinflation.Thebillofexchangematureson31stofMay.down-marketcheapmoneySampleSentencesYoucanborrowcheapmoneyfromoverseas.ASwisscompanyclaimstoofferlargeforeigncurrencyloansatratesofinterestmuchcheaperthanthegoingrateinAustraliabasepriceSampleSentencesOrderformsareavailableattheASBoffice，andthenewlydesignedjacketshaveabasepriceof$120.landbankSampleSentencesLandbankingisthepracticeofpurchasinglandwiththeintenttoholdontoituntilsuchatimeasitishighlyprofitabletosellitontoothersforsubstantiallymorethanwasinitiallypaid.blackeconomytertiaryindustrySampleSentencesThegovernmentiscountingontheservicesectortocreatetensofthousandsofjobsthisyear.Tourismhasdevelopedintoakindofthetertiaryindustry.e-commerceSampleSentencesPromotingthedevelopmentofelectroniccommerceisoneofthekeyfactorsintheefforttomaketheEuropeanUnionthemostcompetitiveanddynamicknowledge-basedeconomyintheworld.recalcitrant／householdwhorefusestomoveandbargainsforunreasonablyhighcompensationwhenthelandisrequisitionedforaconstructionprojecttopprice／ceilingpriceorder／placeanorder(forsth)orderforgoods／orderformSampleSentencesI’dliketochangemyorder.Enclosedpleasefindourorderform.cashwithorderSampleSentencesCustomersmaybeaskedtopaycashwithorderorcashagainstpro-formainvoicewiththeirfirstorder.Pleasedonotaskforcreditastermsarestrictlycashwithorder.leadtimeearnestmoneySampleSentencesYoumustpayadeposittothehotelifyouwantthemtokeeparoomfreeforyou.havesthmadetoorderboardofdirectorsmovableshawk／peddlejerry-builtprojectallforeign-ownedfirmSampleSentences“ThreeFormsofVentures’’areSino-foreignjointventures，co-operativeenterprisesandwholly-foreign-fundedenterprises.short-weightinshortsupplydominoeffectJack-of-all-tradesmultimodaltransport／forwardingsecond-handhousesecond-handgoodschildreductionsrakeitindispatchgoods／delivergoodsSampleSentencesGoodsmustbeexaminedbeforetheyaredispatched.bankholidayminimumwageartificialperson／legalpersonbodycorporateanti-dumpingredtapeSampleSentencesDoyouknowhowmuchredtapeyouhavetogothroughifyouwanttoestablishabusiness?bricksandmortarhire-purchase(retail)outletserviceparamountaccessorypaidSampleSentencesThisdrafthasbeenstampedwith“Paid”.CASHPAIDsidelineweightlossSampleSentencesWeightlossneedstobetakenintoaccountwhendealingingrains.Wesufferfromweightlossinbuyingandsellingsoybeans.highgrade／topgradehigh-endproductSampleSentencesAsurveynotedatrendofmoderatepricedropsinmajorconsumergoods，includingelectricalappliancesandauto-mobiles，sayingthiswouldpushconsumerstolookforhigher-endproducts.flagshipbig-ticketitemsadvancedtechnology／cutting-edgetechnologySampleSentencesTheseadvancedtechnologieshaveabigprofitabilitypotential.dearmoneyManysmallfirmsarefeelingtheimpactofdearmoneyandarebeingforcedoutofbusiness.Inthemoneymarket，themoneyisjustdearmoneywheninterestratesarehighandloansfrombanksaredifficulttoobtain.bigbucksself-employedentrepreneurmeethalfwaySampleSentencesWewishyoutoreconsideryourpriceandgiveanewbid，sothattherecanbeapossibilityforustomeethalfway.Howaboutmeetingeachotherhalfwaywiththepricegap?industrialinjurysalarymanindustrialactionworkaholicmetrictonfairtradingSampleSentencesThecompanyiscommittedtoapolicyoffairtrading.DumpinghasviolatedthecriterionforfairtradingofWTO.public-interestadvertisement／public-serviceadsupplyfallsshortofdemandSampleSentencesItisasellers’marketnowandmanycommoditiesareinshortsupply，sopricesarehigh.NowsupplyofmanyproductsexceedsdemandontheChinesemarket，sotheyhavetobesoldinforeigncountry.shoppingbag／carrierbagSampleSentencesNow，shoppingbagsmadeofclotharebecomingmoreandmorepopular.SincetheActbegantobeimplementedtolimittheuseofplasticbagsinChina，shoppingbagsarenolongerfreeofchargeatthesupermarketsandshops.joint-stockcompany／publiclimitedcompanyhireandfirekeyindustrytestthewatersSampleSentencesWeneedtotestthewatersandfindoutwhatthepublicwant.CustomerCareIsOurTopPrioritySampleSentencesOneofourimportantconceptsforbusinessandserviceisthatcustomercareisourtoppriority.oddgovernmentmerchant／governmentcommercegowindow-shoppingcleanL/CVIPcardeconomiesofscaleSampleSentencesCompaniesthatsellworld-widehavebenefitedfromeconomiesofscale.Economiesofscalemaybeutilizedbyanysizefirmexpandingitsscaleofoperation.bridgingloan／bridgeloanSampleSentencesBanksprovidebridgeloantohelptheborrowerstobridgethegapintimebetweenbuyinganewhouseandsellingtheoldhouse.homemadegoods／Chinese-builtgoodsinternationalpracticeSampleSentencesAccordingtointernationalpractice，youarerequestedtoestablishtheL／Ctwomonthsbeforethetimeofdelivery.Ourforeigntradeshouldbeinlinewiththeinternationalpractice.incotermsSampleSentencesFreeOnboard(FOB)andcost，insurance，freight(CIF)areincoterms.FOB(freeonboard)，CIF(cost，insuranceandfreight)andCFR(costandfreight)arethecommonestincoterms.INCOTERMS／incoterms|SampleSentencesINCOTERMSareasetofinternationalrulespublishedbytheInternationalChamberofCommerce，Paris，fordecidingtheexactmeaningofthechieftermsusedinforeign-tradecontracts.TheobjectofINCOTERMSistoavoiddisagreementcausedbydifferencesintradingpracticesinvariouscountriesbydescribingclearlythedutiesoftheparties.InternationalQualitySystemStandardState-levelⅡEnterprise／LevelⅡStateEnterpriseGDP／GrossDomesticProductSampleSentencesToavoidcountingthesameoutputmorethanonce.GDPincludesonlyfinalgoodsandservices,notthosethatareusedtomakeanotherproduct.transittradestalebillofladingSampleSentencesAstalebillofladingisabillofladingpresentedlateusuallyinrelationtothedeadlineassociatedwithaLetterofCredit.customsinvoiceSampleSentencesThecustomsinvoiceisoneofthedocumentsrequiredbythecustomsinsomeimportcountriesthathasaunifiedformandshallbefilledinaccordingtothestipulationsofL/C.IDECLAREALLTHEINFORMATIONCONTAINEDINTHISINVOICETOBETRUEANDCORRECT.averageSampleSentencesAveragesareoftwokinds：generalaverageandparticularaverage.mailorderSampleSentencesMailorderisatermwhichdescribesthebuyingofgoodsorservicesbymaildelivery.SouthKoreantrend／SouthKoreanfadstandardpracticequotations／priceslineshippingSampleSentencesThecostofshippingthesegoodsisveryhigh.There’sashippingchargeof￡5addedtotheprice.pickingsabsorption/amalgamationqualified/uptostandardjointventureSampleSentenceAjointventure(oftenabbreviate