小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

《一》、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

1.

be動(dòng)詞be(am,is,are)be的用法口訣：我用am，你用are，第三人稱他，她，它單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are變疑問(wèn)，往前提，句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄。變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記。疑問(wèn)否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。

《二》、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)階段名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的通用法：1.一般+s如map→maps，bag→bags等2.特殊：以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的單詞+es如bus→buses，watch→watches等；3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，去掉y加上ies，以元音字母+y結(jié)尾加上s4.以f或fe結(jié)尾，去掉f/fe加上ves。如knife→knivesleaf→leaveswolf→wolveswife→wiveslife→livesthief→thieves5.有時(shí)可數(shù)，有時(shí)不可數(shù)：典型例詞：fish當(dāng)它解釋為魚肉時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)它解釋成同一種魚時(shí)，單復(fù)數(shù)同形，復(fù)數(shù)即為fish，當(dāng)它解釋為不同一種魚時(shí)，+es,即為fishes.6.以o結(jié)尾，a)photo→photos，piano→pianos,radio→radios，zoo→zoosb）加es的名詞有：potato→potatoestomato→tomatoes7.特殊詞：child---children(小孩)man--men（男人）woman--women(女人）8.單復(fù)數(shù)同形(單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)一樣）people(人）sheep(綿羊)deer（鹿）)9.國(guó)人變復(fù)數(shù):口訣：中日不變英法變，其余s加后面。Chinese--ChineseJapanese--JapaneseEnglishman--EnglishmenFrenchman--FrenchmenAmerican--Americans等等10.字母、數(shù)字、引語(yǔ)、縮略語(yǔ)變復(fù)數(shù)，在其后加s或's。eg.Therearetwot'sintheword“bottle".Therearetwo1'sinthenumber“2011".【練習(xí)】一、用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空：1>Therearethree______(chair)intheclassroom.2>These_______(tomato)arered.3>Mybrotherlooksaftertwo______(baby)4>Myfatherlikestoeat_______(potato).5>Chinese______(people)liketoeatnoodles.6>Ihavealotof______(toy)inmybedroom.7>Ihelpmymotherwash______(dish)inthekitchen.8>Ihavetwo______(pencil-box).9>Therearesome______(bus)inthestreet.10>Peterhaseight_____(foot).二、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange2、class3、monkey4、piano5、child6、shelf7、bed8、country9、family10、toy11、foot12、radio13、photo14、tomato15、woman16、knife17、sheep18、ship19、dish20、mouse21、tooth22、leaf三、選擇填空()1．Icanseethree________inthezoo.AmonkeysBmonkeyesCmonkey()2.Thepighasfour______.A.footB.feetC.foots()3.Mytwobrothersareboth______.A.policemanB.policemansC.policemen()4.Icanseeten_____inthepicture.A.sheepB.dogC.pig()5.The_____hasthree__.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watches()6.Canyousee_______ontheplate?A.breadB.breadsC.breades()7.Thegirloftenbrushesher_____beforeshegoestobed.A.toothB.toothsC.teeth()8.MrBlackoftendrinksome_________.A.milkB.milksC.milkes()9.Therearesome_____onthefloor.A.childB.waterC.books()10..Lucywillshowussomenew____ofhers.A.photoB.photosC.photoes()11.Idranktwo______.A.bottlesofwaterB.bottleofwaterC.bottlesofwaters()12.Thecateatstwo_____lastnight.A.mousesB.miceC.mouse()13.Ineedapenandsome_____.A.booksB.deskC.chaironthewall.Theyareverybeautiful.()14、ThereA.arephotoesB.arephotosC.isphoto()15.Theresomeintheriver.A.is,fishB.are,fishesC.is,fishsD.are,fish()16.Theretwointhebox.A.iswatchB.arewatchesC.arewatchD.iswatches()17.Weshouldcleantwiceaday.A.ourtoothB.ourtoothsC.teethD.ourteeth()18.Our_____roomisnearthereadingroom.A.teacherB.teacher’sC.teachers()19.TomandJimare___.A.friendsB.friendC.brotherD.sister()20.Howmany_____dotheyhave?A.pictureB.picturesC.apicture《三》、動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的肯定句中，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化主要體現(xiàn)在詞尾的變化上，其規(guī)律大體有三點(diǎn)：1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾+s，例如：get→gets;take→takes2.以s,sh,ch,x,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾+es，例如：teach→teaches;fix→fixes;go→goes3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再+es，如：study→studies;try→tries除上述規(guī)律外，還應(yīng)注意下面三點(diǎn)：1.動(dòng)詞have，遇到主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用has；動(dòng)詞be的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是is。2.含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子變否定句時(shí)，要用doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形，如：Hegoestoschoolatsixinthemorning.(變否定句)→Hedoesn'tgotoschoolatsixinthemorning.3.對(duì)含有動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的句子提問(wèn)時(shí)，要用助動(dòng)詞does，如：Shegoeshomeatfiveeveryday.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))→When/Whattimedoesshegohomeeveryday?綜上所述，只要我們洞悉了英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則，在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中，我們都能從容應(yīng)對(duì)，客隨主“變”了。【練習(xí)】

寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________teach_______用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.3.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.4.______they________(like)theWorldCup?5.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?6._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?7.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.8.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.9.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.10.Mike_______(like)cooking.二、把下列動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式。1.clean--2.go--3.have--4.do--5.play--6.fly--7.come--8.brush--9.watch--10.study--11.ask--12.answer--13.swim--14.catch--15.write--16.eat--17.make--18.paint--19.learn--20.phone--21.run--22.hop--23.sing--24.pick--三、選出正確的答案：1.She(like/likes)toplayfootball.2.He(like/likes)drinkingmilk.3.I(like/likes)towatchTV.4.We(like/likes)toplaybadminton.5.They(like/likes)tosingsongs.6.She(read/reads)bookseveryday.7.He(play/plays)computergameseveryday.8.It(listen/listens)totheradioeveryday.9.Linda(draw/draws)pictureseveryday.10.JaneandLinda(play/plays)footballeveryday.《四》、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹：1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能：

（1）表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。

（2）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。（3）表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：

（1）be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。

（2）行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。‘3、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化：1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。（1）否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。（2）一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它。

如：-Areyouastudent?

-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.（3）特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。

如：Whereismybike?

2.

行為動(dòng)詞的變化。（1）否定句：主語(yǔ)+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：

Hedoesn'toftenplay.（2）一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?

-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?

-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.（3）特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?《五》、形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則形容詞級(jí)的變化規(guī)律和級(jí)的用法:

一、形容詞級(jí)的變化：

1、規(guī)律變化：

單音詞的變化：（四條）

①一般情況：+er(比較級(jí))+est(最高級(jí))

eg:quiet--quieter--thequietest

bright--brighter---thebrightest明亮/聰明的

dear--dearest--thedearest

clever--cleverer--thecleverest②詞末為--e（不發(fā)音）+r--+st

eg:fine--finer--thefinest

nice--nicer--thenicest

cute--cuter--thecutest

close--closer--theclosest

white--whiter--thewhitest

large--larger--thelargest

free--freer--freest(特殊)③重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的：

雙寫輔音字母+er--雙寫輔音字母+est

eg:hot--hotter--thehottest

big--bigger--thebiggest

red--redder--thereddest

wet--wetter--thewettest

sad--sadder--thesaddest

fat--fatter--thefattest

thin--thinner--thethinnest

fit--fitter--fittest④少數(shù)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)原根詞：

變y為i+er變y為i+est【練習(xí)】1.Sheis________than________.A.busier/usB.busier/weC.morebusy/usD.morebusy/we2.Janeis________thanBetty.A.lesstallerB.lesstallestC.lesstallD.notastall3.Chinais________countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thelargestthirdC.thethirdlargeD.athirdlargest4、-Whichis____seasoninBeijing?--Ithinkit'sautumn.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.thebest5、-Whichis__________,thesun,themoonortheearth?--Ofcourse,themoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest6.TheairinBeijingisgettingmuch_____nowthanafewyearsago.A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.thecleanest7.Mobilephonesareverypopularnowandtheyare_____thanbefore.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest8．IstudyEnglishas_______asmybrother.A.hardB.harderC.hardest9.Whichis_____,abicycleoracomputer?A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.themostexpensive10.TheYellowRiverisoneof______riversinChina.AlongBlongerCthelongest《六》、小學(xué)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義，構(gòu)成，標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)定義：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：由be(am/is/are)+動(dòng)詞-ing形式構(gòu)成標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)：1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).通常用“now”.eg:Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).通常用“l(fā)ook”.eg:Look!Mymotherisrunning!!!3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).通常用“l(fā)isten”.eg:Listen!Theyarereading.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).通常用“atthe(this)moment”eg:Atthe(this)moment,heisonlyweeping.二、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則1一般情況下直接加ingthink---thinkingsleep---sleepingstudy---studyingspeak---speakingsay---sayingcarry---carryingwake---waking2以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞,去掉字母e，再加ingcome---comingmake---makingleave---leavinghave---havingtake---taking3以重讀閉音節(jié)（重讀閉音節(jié)即兩個(gè)輔音中間夾一個(gè)元音并且重讀的音節(jié)）結(jié)尾，呈現(xiàn)“輔，元，輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ingstop---stoppingsit---sittingrun---runningforget---forgettingbegin---beginning這類詞還有：bigin，cut,get,hit,run,set,sit,spit,stop,swim,beg,drop,fit,nod,dig,forget,regret,rid,等。4以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把ie改為y，再加ingdie---dyinglie---lying單詞舉例：ride-riding(騎車);skate-skating(溜冰);dance-dancing(跳舞);sing-singing(唱歌);sleep-sleeping(睡覺);shop-shopping(購(gòu)物);swim-swimming(游泳);run-running(跑步);read-reading(看書);draw-drawing(畫畫);drink-drinking(喝);help-helping(幫助);eat-eating(吃);climb-climbing[爬(樹)];talk-talking(交談);listen-listening[聽(音樂(lè))];wear-wearing(穿著);fly-flying[飛，放(風(fēng)箏)];play-playing(玩);see-seeing[看(電影)]三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法（1）用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或者發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，例如：Motheriscookinginthekitchen.媽媽在廚房里煮飯。Whatareyoulookingat?你在看什么？（2）用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（但說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行），例如：Isshewritinganovel?她正在寫一本小說(shuō)嗎？（3）用來(lái)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一般是指按計(jì)劃或者安排好要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。適用于這種情況的動(dòng)詞主要有：go,come,leave,start,arrive等。例如:I’mgoinghomeinhalfanhour.我一個(gè)半小時(shí)內(nèi)要回家。Thetrainisarrivingsoon.火車很快就要到達(dá)了。四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句型變化肯定式結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞-ing形式+其他.例如：Wearerunningnow.否定式結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be+not+動(dòng)詞-ing形式+其他.例如：Theyaren’tdoingtheirhomework.一般疑問(wèn)句式結(jié)構(gòu)：Be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞-ing形式+其他？例如：IsshehavingEnglishlesson?回答：肯定Yes,sheis.否定:No,sheisn’t.特殊疑問(wèn)句式結(jié)構(gòu)：疑問(wèn)詞+be+主語(yǔ)+其他？例如:Whatishedoingnow?回答：Heisswimming.五、鞏固練習(xí)一.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式

work_______

sing_______

play_____

study_______

have_______

dance________

write_____

take________

run_________

sit_________

shop________

swim__________

lie________二.按要求改寫句子

1.Theboyisplayingbasketball.

否定句：____________________________一般疑問(wèn)句：_________________________

肯定回答：______________________否定回答：______________________

對(duì)“isplayingbasketball”提問(wèn)：__________________________對(duì)“Theboy”提問(wèn)：__________________________

2.Theyaresingingintheclassroom.

否定句：____________________________一般疑問(wèn)句：_________________________

肯定回答：____________________否定回答：______________________

對(duì)“aresinging”提問(wèn)：__________________________對(duì)“intheclassroom”提問(wèn)：__________________________三.用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子

1.What_________you__________(do)?2.I_____________(sing)anEnglishsong.3.What________he____________(mend)?

4.He______________(mend)acar.5.______you__________(fly)akite?Yes,_____________.6.______she___________(sit)intheboat?7.______you_____________(ask)questions?8.We_______________(play)gamesnow.9.Whatareyou_________(do)now?I___________(eat)bread.10.It’snineo’clock.Myfather_______________(work)intheoffice.《七》、一般過(guò)去時(shí)一、巧記一般過(guò)去時(shí)：動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn’t添；疑問(wèn)句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前；不含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)疑問(wèn)句也不難，要把was，were放在主語(yǔ)前。二、be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)，下面有一口訣，它可以幫你們更好地掌握動(dòng)詞be的一般過(guò)去時(shí)。be的過(guò)去時(shí)有四巧：一是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)巧，表示過(guò)去的短語(yǔ)要記牢；二是形式巧，單數(shù)was，復(fù)數(shù)were；三巧是否定句結(jié)構(gòu)，not緊跟was／were；四是疑問(wèn)句式巧，was／were向前跑(提前)。【一巧】時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（即標(biāo)志詞）巧。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過(guò)去的一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。【二巧】形式巧。它與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，形式多樣：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用was；主語(yǔ)是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用were。例如：Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning．昨天早上我在教室里。HewasatschoollastTuesday．上周二他在學(xué)校。Theywereoverthereamomentago．剛才他們?cè)谀沁?。【三巧】否定句結(jié)構(gòu)巧。與動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣，它在動(dòng)詞后面加not即可變成否定句，并且was,were與not可以縮寫成wasn't,weren't。即：主語(yǔ)＋wasn't／weren't＋表語(yǔ)＋其他。例如：Iwasnot(＝wasn't)hereyesterday．昨天我不在這兒。Myparentswerenot(＝weren't)athomelastSunday．上周日我父母不在家?！舅那伞恳蓡?wèn)句式巧。把was,were提到句首，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句。即：Was(Were)＋主語(yǔ)＋表語(yǔ)＋其他？這恰巧與動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句式相似。例如：Wereyouathomethedaybeforeyesterday﹖前天你在家嗎？Wasshelatethismorning﹖今天早上她遲到了嗎？更巧的是疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)也相似，肯定回答用“Yes,主語(yǔ)＋was／were．”；否定回答用“No,主語(yǔ)＋wasn't／weren't．”。例如：—WereWeiHuaandHanMeiherejustnow﹖剛才魏華和韓梅在這兒?jiǎn)?？—Yes,theywere．(No,theyweren't．)是的，她們?cè)凇＃ú唬齻儾辉?。）【練?xí)】一、請(qǐng)用正確動(dòng)詞形式填空。1.I_________(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2._________she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she_________.3.What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?He________(watch)TVand__________(read)aninterestingbook.4.Theyall_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She_________(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She________(stay)athomeand_________(do)somecleaning.6.When________you_________(write)thissong?I__________(write)itlastyear.7.Myfriend,Carol,________(study)forthemathtestand________(practice)Englishlastnight.8.________Mr.Li__________(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he_________.9.How_________(be)Jim'sweekend?It_________(benot)bad.10.________(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?No.she__________.二、改錯(cuò)題1．HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.____________________________3．Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.____________________________4．Icanflykitessevenyearsago.______________________________5．Didyousawhimjustnow.____________________________________6．Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.____________________________________7．Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday.____________________________________8．Hewaitforyouthreehoursago.____________________________________9．Whofinditjustnow?________________________________________10.Whatmakehimcry(哭)justnow?__________________________________《八》、一般過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)概念和形式：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其形式為was/were+V-ing。常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：lastnight,lastSaturday等；或者與when,while,as引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們?cè)诳措娨?。①過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法★表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或該動(dòng)作與過(guò)去的另一動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Iwashavingsupperat7:00yesterdayevening.昨天晚上7點(diǎn)我正在吃晚飯。ShewasplayingthepianowhileIwasreadingthenewspaper.她彈鋼琴時(shí)我在看報(bào)?！锉硎具^(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Weweretalkingaboutyouthewholemorning.我們整個(gè)上午都在說(shuō)你。HewaswatchingTVathomefrom3:00to5:00yesterdayafternoon.昨天下午從3點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)他一直在看電視。表示按計(jì)劃、安排過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的事。Hetoldmethathewasgoingsoon.他告訴我他很快就要走了。ShesaidshewasleavingforNewYorkthenextmonth.她說(shuō)她下個(gè)月動(dòng)身去紐約。②過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法★表示故事發(fā)生的背景。Itwassnowingasthemedicalteammadeitswaytothefront.那支醫(yī)療小組往前線行進(jìn)時(shí)，天正下著雪。Tomslippedintothehousewhennoonewaslooking.湯姆乘沒(méi)人注意時(shí)溜進(jìn)了房間?！毒拧芬话銓?lái)時(shí)及練習(xí)題重點(diǎn)講解：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、行為或存在的狀態(tài)；或是打算、計(jì)劃做的事。長(zhǎng)與以下時(shí)間詞連用：Tomorrow,nextday(month,week,year…)thisevening,thedayaftertomorrow,soon….構(gòu)成：shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形（shall只能用于第一人稱）begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形（表示打算干什么）begoingto+地點(diǎn)（表示準(zhǔn)備去）【練習(xí)】用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。I_____________________________(see)afilmtomorrow.A:What_______you____________________(do)nextSaturday？B:I________________________________(swim)withmyparents.There_____________(be)apartyinourschool.Mike_______________(visit)hisgrandparentsnextweek.He__________________________（buy）abikethedayaftertomorrow.________（fly）akitewithmyfathernextweek.Hewillnot_________(go)schooltomorrow.《十》、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一．基本結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have/has+過(guò)去分詞(done)二．句型：否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他.簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ):Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.(肯定)

No,主語(yǔ)+haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果Ihavespentallofmymoney(sofar).(含義是:現(xiàn)在我沒(méi)有錢花了.)Guozijunhas(just/already)come.(含義：郭子君現(xiàn)在在這兒)Myfatherhasgonetowork.(含義是:我爸爸現(xiàn)在不在這兒)（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作（用行為動(dòng)詞表示）或狀態(tài)（be動(dòng)詞表示）常與for（+時(shí)間段）,since（+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或過(guò)去時(shí)的句子）連用.①for+時(shí)段②since+過(guò)去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（譯為：自從……以來(lái)）③since+時(shí)段+ago④since+從句（過(guò)去時(shí)）●⑤Itis+時(shí)段+since+從句（過(guò)去時(shí)）Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Ihavelivedheresince1998.四．hasgone(to),hasbeen(to),hasbeen(in)的區(qū)別Have/Hasgone(to):去了(現(xiàn)在不在說(shuō)話現(xiàn)場(chǎng))Whereisyourfather？HehasgonetoShanghai.Have/Hasbeen(to):去過(guò)（已不在去過(guò)的地方）MyfatherhasbeentoShanghai.Have/hasbeenin：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）MyfatherhasbeeninShanghaifortwomonths./sincetwomonthsago.五．過(guò)去分詞1、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)則與規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則相同。四點(diǎn)變化規(guī)則：(1)、一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d”。live---lived---lived,(3)、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將"y"變?yōu)?i"，再加“ed”。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped2、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞：AAA型原型過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞burstburstbursthurthurthurtletletletcastcastcastcostcostcostcutcutcuthithithitputputputsetsetsetshutshutshutspreadspreadspreadreadreadreadread原形發(fā)音為/ri:d/,過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞發(fā)音為/red/AAB型beatbeatbeatenABA型becomebecamebecomerunranecamecome特殊情況ABB型bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtbuildbuiltbuiltburnburntburntcatchcaughtcaughtdigdugdugfeelfeltfeltfightfoughtfoughtfindfoundfoundhearheardheardholdheldheldkeepkeptkeptlaylaidlaidleadledledloselostlostmakemademademeetmetmetshootshotshotsitsatsatstandstoodstoodsweepsweptsweptteachtaughttaughttelltoldtoldthinkthoughtthoughtwinwonwonABC型beginbeganbegunblowblewblownbreakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosendrawdrewdrawndrivedrovedrivendrinkdrankdrunkflyflewflownsellsoldsoldforgiveforgaveforgivenforgetforgotforgottenfreezefrozefrozengivegavegivengrowgrewgrownknowknewknownrideroderiddenriseroserisenringrangrungshakeshookshakensingsangsungsinksanksunkswimswamswumthrowthrewthrownwritewrotewritten現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)A)選用have,has填空:1.I_______toldhimthenews.2.She________comebackfromschool.3.You________wonthegame.B)按要求改寫下列各句:4.Theyhaveboughtacomputer.(改成否定句)

_________________________________________5.Hehaslosthisbook.

(先改成一般