呼吸系統(tǒng)(0001)課件

呼

吸

系

統(tǒng)

RESPIRATORYSYSTEM呼吸系統(tǒng)

呼吸道Respiratorytract上呼吸道upperrespiratorytract

鼻、咽和喉下呼吸道lowerrespiratorytract

氣管、支氣管

肺內(nèi)的各級(jí)分支肺

Lung氣體交換的器官，由肺內(nèi)的各級(jí)支氣管、肺泡、血管及淋巴管等組成Little區(qū)

鼻

nos

包括：外鼻、鼻腔和鼻旁竇三部分1．外鼻：鼻根、鼻背、鼻尖、鼻翼2．鼻腔

鼻中隔鼻孔和鼻后孔鼻前庭和固有鼻腔兩部分外側(cè)壁:上、中、下鼻甲（道）蝶篩隱窩

鼻淚管固有鼻腔的粘膜：嗅部

位于上鼻甲以及與其相對(duì)的鼻中隔部分呼吸部鼻旁竇paranasalsinuses額竇frontalsinus篩竇

ethmoidalsinus蝶竇

sphenoidalsinus上頜竇maxillarysinus喉Larynx會(huì)厭軟骨上緣環(huán)狀軟骨下緣C3~C6甲狀軟骨thyroidcartilage環(huán)狀軟骨cricoidcartilage會(huì)厭軟骨epiglotticcartilage勺狀軟骨arytenoidcartilage喉軟骨Laryngeal

cartilage

甲狀軟骨Thyroidcartilage前角anteriorhorn喉結(jié)laryngealprominence(Adam’sapple)

上角superiornotch環(huán)狀軟骨Cricoidcartilage環(huán)狀軟骨弓cricoidarch環(huán)狀軟骨板cricoidlamina環(huán)甲關(guān)節(jié)面thyroidarticularsurface環(huán)甲關(guān)節(jié)cricothyroidjoint會(huì)厭軟骨Epiglotticcartilage會(huì)厭epiglottis勺狀軟骨

Arytenoidcartilage環(huán)勺關(guān)節(jié)

cricoarytenoidjoint聲帶突

vocalprocess肌突

muscularprocess甲狀舌骨膜

thyrohyoidmembrane甲狀舌骨正中韌帶

medianthyrohyoidligament

環(huán)甲關(guān)節(jié)

cricothyroidjoint環(huán)勺關(guān)節(jié)cricoarytenoidjoint方形膜

quadrangularmembrane彈性圓錐conuselasticus聲韌帶vocalligament環(huán)甲正中韌帶mediancricothyroidligament喉肌Laryngealmuscle環(huán)甲肌cricothyroidm.環(huán)勺后肌Posteriorcricoarytenoidm.環(huán)勺側(cè)肌Lateralcricoarytenoidm.甲勺肌Thyroarytenoidm.杓肌

Arytenoid勺橫肌transversearytenoids勺斜肌obliquearytenoids杓會(huì)厭肌

aryepiglotticm.

****杓肌

Arytenoid*****喉腔Laryngealcavity喉口

adituslaryngis杓會(huì)厭襞

plicaaryepiglottica梨狀隱窩

recessuspiriformis喉腔Laryngealcavity喉口

喉前庭喉中間腔

聲門(mén)下腔喉腔Laryngealcavity聲襞vacalfold前庭裂rimavestibuli喉室ventricleoflarynx聲帶vocalcord聲門(mén)裂fissureofglottis膜間部intermembranouspart軟骨間部intercartilaginouspart氣管Trachea氣管杈

bifurcationoftrachea

氣管隆嵴

carinaoftrachea氣管軟骨

trachealcartilages膜壁

membranouswall氣管肌

trachealmuscle支氣管Bronchi右主支氣管

rightprincipalbronchus左主支氣管

leftprincipalbronchus肺Lung肺葉pulmonarylobule肺尖Apexoflung肺底baseoflung縱隔面

mediastinalsurface肺門(mén)hilumoflung肋面costalsurface肺根rootoflung膈面diaphragmaticsurface心切跡cardiacnotch左肺小舌l(xiāng)ingulaofleftlung下緣inferiorborder斜裂obliquefissure右肺水平裂

horizontalfissureofrightlung吸煙與不吸煙者肺的比較葉支氣管lobarbronchi段支氣管segmentalbronchi支氣管樹(shù)bronchialtree支氣管肺段bronchopulmonarysegmentspulmonarysegments肺動(dòng)脈pulmonaryartery支氣管動(dòng)脈bronchialartery胸膜Pleura壁胸膜parietalpleura臟胸膜visceralpleura胸膜腔pleuralcavity壁胸膜Parietalpleura肋胸膜costalpleura膈胸膜diaphragmaticpleura縱隔胸膜mediastinalpleura胸膜頂cupulapleura胸膜隱窩Pleuralrecesses肋縱隔隱窩costomediastinalrecess肋膈隱窩costodiaphragmaticrecessphrenicomediastinalreces