2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省基地大聯(lián)考高三（上）第一次質(zhì)檢英語(yǔ)試卷（含解析）

2023-2024學(xué)年江蘇省基地大聯(lián)考高三(上)第一次質(zhì)檢英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題，共37.5分)

A

SantaClausExpressTrain一FatherChristmasisComingtoTown!RighttothecoolTrainHistoryParkofHungary.

SantaClausTrainisagreattrainprogramtowelcomeSantaClauswiththekids,thistimeintheHungarianRailway

Museum,oneofthebestmuseumswithchildren(andtrainenthusiasts)inBudapest.

Eventdates：Dec8,Dec9andDec10(Sunday)in2023

ThesteamengineexpresstrainwilltakethechildrenandparentsfromNyugatiTrainStationtotheRailwayMuseum

inBudapest.TheOrientHalloftheTrainMuseumturnsintoafestivepartyandstagetowannlywelcomeSantaand

hishelperswhobringlotsofgoodiesandgiftsforthekids.Thereisusuallyashow,goodiebagsfromSanta,etc.

BookingtheticketsfortheSantaClaustrainisfrommidOctober.

AndifyoushouldbewonderingwhytheSantaClauscomessoearlyinHungary,atthebeginningofDecember,

ratherthanasFatherChristmasshould,atChristmas,thefactisthatinHungary,SantaClaushasaspecialday,

Dec6(StNikolaus'sday),whiletheChristmaspresentsinHungaryarebroughtbytheBabyJesus(ortheLittle

Angel).Don'taskhowkidsbelievethatababyshouldbesostrong.Theydo.SoaproperHungarianSantaClaus

(TelapoakaMikulas)shouldcomearoundDec6.

Moreinfoaboutthespecialchildrentrain,andbookingtickets：

MagyarVasuttortenetiPark(Address：95TataiWay,DistrictXIV,postcode1142/Budapest,Tatailit95.)

TeL/fax：(06-1)450-1497

EmailandbookingtheSantaClaustrainseats：DoingtheCapitolCrawl——itwasn*tjusttoclaimmyrights,butitwasalsotoclaimtherightsofmy

generationandfuturegenerationsofkidswithdisabilities,"Jennifersaid.

Jenniferwasayounggirlwhohaddreamsofonedayattendingcollegeandlivingafulfillinglife.Atage2,Jennifer

wasdiagnosedwithadiseasethataffectsthebrainandleavesherusingawheelchair.Jenniferwasabrightandbrave

girl,yetwhensheattemptedtoattendschool,shewasarrangedtoseparateclassesforstudentswithdisabilities,

regardlessofwhatshecoulddo.Shefoundherselfunabletoattendsomeschoolactivities,andaccessgovernment

buildings.Jenniferacceptedthelimitationsofherphysicallife,butnotthelimitationsofthephysicalworldaround

her.

JenniferbecameactiveincampaigningfbrtheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct.Shejoinedinpeacefulprotestsand,

atage7,wasarrestedinMontreal,amomentinhistorythatshockedNorthAmerica.Atage8,Jennifertraveledto

WashingtonD.C.Theshybutdeterminedlittlegirlcaughttheattentionofthecountrywhenshecrawledunaidedup

theCapitolsteps.ltworked.JennifermetwithCongress,andPresidentGeorgeH.W.BushsignedtheAmericanswith

DisabilitiesActintolaw.

Jenniferremainsanactivisttoday,makingsureallpeoplewithdisabilitiesaretreatedfairlyandhaveequalaccessto

publicplaces,schoolsandbusinesses.Theonlybarriersthatremainarethoseofviewpoints.Jenniferwantsallofus

toknowthatphysicaldisabilitiesarenotabarriertofriendship,careeropportunitiesorlove.Shegraduatedfrom

ArizonaStateUniversitywithadegreeinfamilyandhumandevelopment.Forher,likeallofus,makingadifference

beginsonestepatatime,nomatterhowharditis.

4.WhatcanweknowaboutJenniferfromthetext?

A.Sheenjoyedremovingbarriersforothers.

B.Shejoinedinmakingalawforthedisabled.

C.Shewantedthedisabledtobeequallytreated.

D.Shetriedtofightformorerightsforherself.

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.Thesocietydiscriminatedagainstthedisabled.

B.Thegirlhadtosubmitherselftotherealworld.

C.Theschoolshowedspecialcareforthedisabled.

D.Thedisabledgainedfreeaccesstopublicplaces.

6.HowdidJennifergettheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActsignedintolaw?

A.Bydemonstratingherdetermination.

B.BytravellingtoWashingtonD.

C.C.BydeliveringaspeechtoCongress.

D.Byparticipatinginpeacefulprotests.

7.What'stheremainingbarriertofairtreatmentforthedisabled?

A.Buildingalong-timefriendship.

B.Obtainingadegreeinuniversity.

C.Changingpeople'sfixedmindset.

D.Seizingmorecareeropportunities.

c

Durham,26yearsold,isoneofmanysocial-mediacareerinfluencerswhohaverisentofamebysharingtipsabout

workwithacasual,accessibletone.Regardlessoftheirlocations,thesecontentcreatorsoftenadoptasimilarstyle：

Filmingthemselvestalkingtothecameraabouttopicssuchashowtostandoutintheinterviews,negotiatesalaries,

handleperformancereviewsandcommunicatewithmanagers.

Whilecareercoachingisnotanewindustry，expertssaysocialmediaprovidesanewwaytodeliverthisinformation

that*sparticularlyappealingtoyoungworkersrightnow.MaryChayko,aprofessoratRutgersUniversity,says

seekingadviceonsocialmediafeelsmoreconvenientandefficienttoyoungpeople.

Evenifinfluencerslacktheirownextendedprofessionaltenure（終身職位），andoftendon'tholdcoaching

certificates,expertssaytheyhavequalitiesthatmakefollowerstrustthem.Theirtransparency（透明性）makesthem

feellargelyaccessibleandeasy-going.Theircasualstyleappealstoaudiences,becauseitoffersglimpsesintowho

theyareaspeople.nNotbeingtoopolishedinthewaythatyoupresentyourselfisanotherindicatorthatyouare

somebodywhocanbetrusted,℃haykosays.

Whilesocialmediaadvicecanbemotivating,ithasitslimitations.VideosonInstagramandTikToktendtobefairly

broad,relyingongeneralizationsaboutcultureandhumanbehaviorthatmaynotapplytoaperson'sindividual

situation.Moreover,manyofthedecision-makersintheworkforcebelongtooldergenerations,meaningthatyoung

workers*abilitytounderstandthevaluesoftheseleaderswillalsobeimportant.Relyingsolelyonyoungercoaches

couldnarrowtheirknowledgescope（范圍）.

Yetforyoungworkers,followingcareerinfluencersmaybeasmuchenterprisingasitispractical.Influencers

demonstrateanidealizedworkpersona（職場(chǎng)人士形象），conveyingasenseofcontrolandconfidencethatmany

peoplelongforintheirprofessionallives.

8.WhyisEmilyDurhammentionedinthebeginning?

A.Topresentafact.B.Todescribeascene.

C.Toexplainaconcept.D.Tointroducethetopic.

9.WhatdoesMaryChaykotellusinparagraph2?

A.Theyoungareeagerfornewcareers.

B.Theyoungareaddictedtosocialmedia.

C.Theyoungenjoyspreadinginformation.

D.Theyoungtendtoaskforadviceonline.

10.Whycancareerinfluencersappealtotheirfollowers?

A.Theypossesssomecoachingcertificates.

B.Theyownextendedprofessionaltenure.

C.Theygivethepublicpolishedappearance.

D.Theytrytobeseeminglyworthyoftrust.

11.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningsocialmediacareeradvice?

A.Itsbenefits.B.Itsfunctions.

C.Itsshortcomings.D.Itsfeatures.

D

Astheworldchanges,humansencounternewthingsthatneedtobedescribedusingafixedsetofwords.Acommon

strategyistoreuseexistingwords—i.e.,wordmeaningextension.Forexample,"mouse“canrefertoacomputer

controldevicenow.Childrenalsoextendwordmeaningscreativelyastheylearntheirlanguages.

Brochhagenetal.presentsevidencethattheextensionprocessthatgivesrisetonewtermsintheshorttermisthe

sameprocessthatgeneratespatternsbetweenlanguagesoverthelongterm.Theirfindingshavemajorimplications

forthestudyoflanguagechangeoverevolutionaryhistory.

Brochhagenetal.usedthreedifferentdatabasets：adatabaseofcommonerrorsmadebychildrenwhenlearningto

communicate,adatabaseofdocumentedhistoricalsemantic（語(yǔ)義的）shifts（forexample,themeaningof

“viral"recentlyshiftedfrom“causedbyavirusMto"spreadingwidely"）,andaglobaldatabasecontaininginformation

aboutwhichwordshavethesamemeaningindifferentlanguages.

Theresearchersfoundthatthereisasharedfoundation.Theyarguethatthiscommonalityisnotanoutcomeof

childhooderrorsbecomingadulthoodnorms.Instead,theybelievethatthereisanunderlyingcommonfoundation一

creativity.Thatis,bothchildrenandadultsusetheirrichknowledgeoftheworldandtheobjectsinittolabel（貼

標(biāo)簽于）newthingsonthebasisoftheirsimilaritytothingstheyalreadyknow.Itisthiscreativitythatcouldcause

thewordmeaningextensioninlanguageevolution.

TheanalysisofBrochhagenetal.addstorecentstudiesshowingthatsmall-scaleprocessescanhaveagreateffecton

languagesatalargerscale.Forexample,wordsthatarecommonlyusedorhaveabstractfeaturesindailyspeechtend

tobethosethatevolvemoreslowlyinthelongterm.Similarly,evidenceindicatesthatlow-levelcognitivehabits,

suchasapreferencefortakingnounphrasesasthecoreofasentence,mayhaveshapedtheglobalpatternsof

languagediversity.Takentogether,thesefindingshaveimportantimplicationsforinvestigatinglanguages.

12.Whatisthecommonwayofdescribingnewthings?

A.Addingnewmeaningstoexistingwords.

B.Creatingnewwordswithsimilarmeanings.

C.Restoringwordsthathaveeverabandoned.

D.Borrowingwordsfromforeignlanguages.

13.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings?

A.Bymakinglanguageerrorslikechildren.

B.Bycollectingdatafromdifferentangles.

C.Bycreatingnewwordsinthelongterm.

D.Byarguingwithpeopleinthesamefield.

14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?

A.Theeffectofgloballanguagediversity.

B.Themethodsoflanguageinvestigation.

C.Thefindingsaboutlanguageevolution.

D.Theprocessofwordmeaningextension.

15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhychildrenmakesimilarerrorsB.Whypeopleextendwordmeanings

C.HowchildrenlearnnewlanguagesD.Howpeopledescribenewthings

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

Fornewlyadmittedcollegestudents,adaptingtotheacademicenvironmentincollegewillbeanewchallenge.The

studyskillsusedinhighschoolmaybeadisadvantageinyourcollegeexperience.Incollege,professorsarenot

concernedifyoupassorfail.(1)

Toprepareforthecourseloadahead,itisimportanttostartfindingwaystoimproveyourstudyhabits.Somestudents

maintainstudyhabitsthatworkforthem,whetheritisactiverecallorreviewingtheirnotesbeforeanexam.(2)

Theystayuplateforexamstomorroworleaveassignmentstothelastminute.

Clubscanmakeitchallengingforyoutosettleintotheroutineofhighereducation.(3)Developingand

practisingeffectivestudyhabitswillhelpyoustayorganizedandallowyoutodevelopintoadisciplinedcollege

studentevenifyouhavealotofclubactivitiestoattend.

(4)SogetacollegeplannerassoonaspossibleiThismightbearegularplanner,asimplenotepadora

wallcalendar.Sitdownearlyinthesemesterandscheduleyourupcomingdeadlines,assignments,examsandstudy

timeonyourweeklyplanner.Onceyouhaveorganizedyourassignmentsandstudytimeforthesemester,makeevery

efforttosticktothatschedule.

Youmaypreferadigitalscheduleandcalendar.(5)Testdates,extracurricularactivities,studyperiods,

andassignmentduedatescanallbesetasreminderssoyouwillnevermissadeadline.

A.Herearetipstowinprofessors'support.

B.Manyothershavenotformedsuchhabits.

C.Considercreatinganagendaonyourdevices.

0.Organizationisimportantforsuccessincollege.

E.Buttheyfindreferencebooksfortheirresearchinthelibrary.

F.Therefore,beingself-reliantanddeterminedincollegeisimportant.

G.Fortunately,theseactivitiesdon'tpreventyoufromearningyourdegree.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

Weallhavedreamsforourkids.EventhoughhersonLeonisjustababy,Tamandanihopeshewillbecomea(1)

someday.Whenhewasbornwithclubfoot(畸形足),Tamandanithoughtthosedreamswouldnotcomeinto

(2).

After(3)Leonwasbornwithadisability,Tamandani'shusbandleftherandhernewborn.Thetotal(4)

ofcarenowfallsonhershoulders.Tamandanisupportsthefamilywithasmallbusinessthat(5)

meetstheirdailyneeds.Thecostoftransportationtoaclubfootclinicwasnotsomethingshehadworkedintotheir

(6).

Shortlyafterhisbirth,thedistricthospital(7)Leon'sfamilytotheHopeWalkspartnerclinicatBlantyre

inMalawi.TamandanitookLeontohisfirstvisit,whereclinicians(8)thefirstcast(石膏)inthePonseti

methodoftreatment.Leoncriedalotmakinghermomfearthecastwastooheavyforher(9)legs.

TheparentadvisorGertrudewasvery(10)withTamandani,educatingherabouttheclubfoottreatment

process,encouragingher,andstrengtheningthisyoungmom's(11).TamandanibelongstotheChurch

ofCentralAfricanPresbyterian,butthroughthis(12).sheacceptedChristashersavior(救星).

"Originally,I(13)hopethatmychildcouldbetreatedfromclubfoot,"Tamandanisaid."!didn'tevenknow

wheretogoforthetreatment.ButIthankGodforhis(14).IndeedGod'stimingisthebest."

WhoknowsifLeonwillsomedaybeapoliceofficerashismotherdreams?Now(15)thankstoherhealing,

itispossible.

21.A.firemanB.sportsmanC.policemanD.businessman

22.A.practiceB.realityC.effectD.sight

23.A.realizingB.decidingC.admittingD.anticipating

24.A.passionB.prejudiceC.stressD.guidance

25.A.completelyB.ultimatelyC.broadlyD.barely

26.A.scheduleB.assessmentC.budgetD.principle

27.A.refenedB.contributedC.extendedD.distributed

28.A.combinedB.appliedC.exposedD.operated

29.A.healthyB.strongC.brokenD.delicate

30.A.anxiousB.guiltyC.contentD.patient

31.A.faithB.doubtC.worryD.position

32.A.trickB.trialC.sampleD.route

33.A.offeredB.embracedC.raisedD.lost

34.A.presenceB.blessingC.devotionD.cooperation

35.A.atlargeB.atrandomC.atleastD.atbest

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.Renownedforitsterracottawarriors,theancientChinesecityofXi*aninShaanxiprovinceisalsoafood

paradise.DuetoitslocationontheancientSilkRoad,foodsinXi'an(1)(influence)byplacesfarand

wide.Withalonghistoryofgrowingwheat,Xi'anishometovariouskindsofflour-basedfood,(2)even

simplenoodlesappearindifferentshapes,sizesandtastes.

RoujiamoisoneofthemostfamousstreetfoodsinXi'anandisalsoknownasChina's(3)(simplify)

versionofthehamburger.

Yangroupaomo,isanothersignaturefoodofXi'an,andit(4)(date)backto11thcenturyBC.

Biangbiangnoodlesarethick,fatandlong.Eachbelt-likestrandisthreefingerswide,spiralingdownintoabig

bowLBiangbiangnoodlesarepopularamongChinese(5)itsdistinctivetasteaswellasitsname,(6)

isacharactersocomplicatedmanyChinesedon*tevenknowhowtowriteit.

Liangpiarecoldnoodlesmadefromwheatorriceflour,and(7)populardishinmanyotherplacesinChina,

(8)(especial)insummer.

Youpomian,oil-sprayednoodleswithspicysauce,arehand-pullednoodleswithasizzlingoildressing.Boilingoil

ispouredoverthetop(9)(create)aspecialfragrancewhenserving.

Apparently,Xi'anshowsgreat(10)(mature)infoodculture,attractingmanytouristseveryyear.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假如你是李華，負(fù)責(zé)你校英文經(jīng)典閱讀書評(píng)寫作比賽(WritingCompetitionofEnglishClassicsBook

Review)的評(píng)審工作，請(qǐng)你給外教Josh寫一封郵件邀請(qǐng)他擔(dān)任評(píng)委。內(nèi)容包括：

(1)比賽介紹：

(2)評(píng)比要求。

注意：

(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearJosh,

Yours,LiHua

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

EricraisedhisdaughterRileyalone.Oneday,Ericnoticedayoungteenageboystandinginfrontofadrugstore.He

approachedhim,andfoundoutthattheboywantedtobuymedicineforhissickmother,buthadnomoney.Theboy

criedout,nIfIdon'tbringhomemedicine,mymomwilldie.ButIwon'tbeabletohandleit.”

Uponhearingthis,Ericdidn'thesitatetopayforthemedicine/TIlpayforthemedicineonhisbehalf,"hesaid,

handingthepharmacist(藥劑師)acoupleofbillsfromhispocket.TheboylookedatEricwithgratefuleyes,and

cried,"Thankyousomuch.Youareheaven-sent."

"Therewillalwaysbepeoplewillingtohelpyou,son,"Erictoldhimbeforehandinghimtwoportionsoffood."Here,

takethistoyourmomandhaveahotmealwithher,"hesaidbeforelettingtheboygo.

HisdaughterRileysawthewholesceneandsaid,“Dad,wehavebarelyenoughmoney.Whydidyoupayforthe

medicine?'"'Riley,thegoodyouputoutintotheworldwilleventuallyfinditswaybacktoyou.Justkeepdoinggood,

“Erictoldhisdaughter.

WhenRileyturnedthirty,sheneededanoperationurgentlyafterbeingtoldtherewassomethingwrongwithher

heart.Withdifficultybreathing,EricrushedRileytothehospitalinanambulance."You'Dbealright,Riley,nhe

cried."Don'tworry；Daddyishere.We'Ugetthroughthistogether,“hepromisedher.

Ericdidtryhisbesttofindthemoneyforhisdaughter'soperation.Heaskedallofhisfriends,butitwasstillnot

enough.Therefore,Ericdecidedtoselltheirhouse.ltwasenoughtopayforheroperation,buttheywouldbeleftwith

nothing/'It'sokay,“hetoldhimself."!willbeabletoearnmoneyagain,butifIlosemydaughter,nothingwillever

bringherback.”

BythetimeEricmadeitbacktothehospital,Rileywasinherhospitalroom,weakandpale.Hesatbesideherbed

andheldherhand."You'llbeokay,mysweetdaughter.We'llsoonhavethemoneyfortheoperation,"hepromised

her.

注意：

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Ericsuddenlynoticedanenvelopeonthebed.___

Herantothedoctor'sofficeandhuggedhim.___

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、B

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段BookingtheticketsfortheSantaClaustrainisfrommidOctober.（圣

誕老人列車的訂票時(shí)間從10月中旬開始。）可知根據(jù)文章，父母被要求提前訂票。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段

SoaproperHungarianSantaClaus（TelapoakaMikulas）shouldcomearoundDec6.（所以真正的匈牙利圣誕

老人（TelapoakaMikulas）應(yīng)該在12月6日左右出現(xiàn)。）再結(jié)合常識(shí)12月6日左右應(yīng)該是周末。所以這個(gè)

節(jié)日發(fā)生在十二月初的那個(gè)周末。故選C。

（3）文章出處題。閱讀全文可知這篇短文主要介紹了匈牙利的圣誕老人火車活動(dòng)。這個(gè)活動(dòng)將在匈牙利鐵

路博物館舉行，孩子們和父母將乘坐蒸汽火車從Nyugati火車站前往鐵路博物館，歡迎圣誕老人和他的助手

們，他們會(huì)帶來(lái)許多好吃的和禮物。在匈牙利，圣誕老人會(huì)在12月6日（圣尼古拉斯日）來(lái)到，而圣誕禮

物則是由嬰兒耶穌或小天使帶來(lái)的。預(yù)訂圣誕老人火車的票務(wù)將在10月中旬開始。所以會(huì)出現(xiàn)在旅游指南

中。故選B?

這篇短文主要介紹了匈牙利的圣誕老人火車活動(dòng)。這個(gè)活動(dòng)將在匈牙利鐵路博物館舉行，孩子們和父母將

乘坐蒸汽火車從Nyugati火車站前往鐵路博物館，歡迎圣誕老人和他的助手們，他們會(huì)帶來(lái)許多好吃的和禮

物。在匈牙利，圣誕老人會(huì)在12月6日（圣尼古拉斯日）來(lái)到，而圣誕禮物則是由嬰兒耶穌或小天使帶來(lái)

的。預(yù)訂圣誕老人火車的票務(wù)將在10月中旬開始。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】C、A、A、C

【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段DoingtheCapitolCrawl—itwasn'tjusttoclaimmyrights,

butitwasalsotoclaimtherightsofmygenerationandfuturegenerationsofkidswithdisabilities（國(guó)一會(huì)大廈J型行

—這不僅僅是為了維護(hù)我的權(quán)利，也是為了維護(hù)我這一代和未來(lái)兒代殘疾兒童的權(quán)利）可知，Jennifer想

要?dú)埣踩吮还綄?duì)待。故選C。

（2）推理段落題。根據(jù)第二段Jenniferwasabrightandbravegirl,yetwhensheattemptedtoattendschool,

shewasarrangedtoseparateclassesforstudentswithdisabilities,

regardlessofwhatshecoulddo.Shefoundherselfunabletoattendsomeschoolactivities,

andaccessgovernmentbuildings.Jenniferacceptedthelimitationsofherphysicallife,

butnotthelimitationsofIhephysicalworldaroundher.（詹妮弗是一個(gè)聰明勇敢的女孩，但當(dāng)她試圖上學(xué)時(shí)，

她被安排為殘疾學(xué)生分班，不管她能做什么。她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己無(wú)法參加一些學(xué)?；顒?dòng)，也無(wú)法進(jìn)入政府大樓。

詹妮弗接受了自己物質(zhì)生活的局限，但沒(méi)有接受周圍物質(zhì)世界的局限。）可知，從第二段可以推斷出社會(huì)

對(duì)殘疾人的歧視。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段

TheshybutdeterminedlittlegirlcaughttheattentionofthecountrywhenshecrawledunaideduptheCapitolsteps

.Itworked.JennifermetwithCongress,

andPresidentGeorgeH.W.BushsignedtheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActintolaw.（當(dāng)這個(gè)害羞但堅(jiān)定的小女

孩獨(dú)自爬上國(guó)會(huì)大廈的臺(tái)階時(shí)，引起了全國(guó)的注意。它奏效了。詹妮弗會(huì)見了國(guó)會(huì)，喬治?H?W?布什總統(tǒng)

簽署了《美國(guó)殘疾人法案》，使之成為法律。）可知，詹妮弗通過(guò)展示自己的決心使《美國(guó)殘疾人法案》

簽署成為法律。故選A。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段

Theonlybarriersthatremainarethoseofviewpoints.Jenniferwantsallofustoknowthatphysicaldisabilitiesaren

otabarriertofriendship,careeropportunitiesorlove.（剩下的唯一障礙是觀點(diǎn)。詹妮弗想讓我們所有人都知

道，身體殘疾并不是友誼、職業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)或愛情的障礙。）可知，殘疾人公平待遇的剩余障礙是改變?nèi)藗兊墓?/p>

定心態(tài)。故選C。

本文為記敘文。短文主要寫了終身殘疾權(quán)利活動(dòng)家詹妮棄用輪椅，在8歲時(shí)爬上國(guó)會(huì)大廈的臺(tái)階，迫使國(guó)

會(huì)通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)具有里程碑意義的民權(quán)法律，增加了殘疾人的進(jìn)入權(quán)并消除了障礙。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌

胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

8~11.【答案】D、D、D、C

【解析】（1）寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段Durham,26yearsold,

isoneofmanysocial-mediacareerinfluencerswhohaverisentofamebysharingtipsaboutworkwithacasual,

accessibletone.Regardlessoftheirlocations,thesecontentcreatorsoftenadoptasimilarstyle：

Filmingthemselvestalkingtothecameraabouttopicssuchashowtostandoutintheinterviews,negotiatesalaries,

handleperformancereviewsandcommunicatewithmanagers.（26歲的達(dá)勒姆是眾多社交媒體網(wǎng)紅之一，他們

通過(guò)以隨意、平易近人的語(yǔ)氣分享工作技巧而聲名鵲起。無(wú)論他們?cè)谀睦?，這些內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者通常都采用類

似的風(fēng)格：拍攝自己對(duì)著鏡頭談?wù)撘恍┰掝}，比如如何在面試中脫穎而出、協(xié)商薪水、處理績(jī)效評(píng)估以及

與經(jīng)理溝通。）可知，文章開頭提到EmilyDurham是為了引出主題一多社交媒體網(wǎng)紅。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段MaryChayko,aprofessoratRutgersUniversity,

saysseekingadviceonsocialmediafeelsmoreconvenientandefficienttoyoungpeople.（羅格斯大學(xué)教授Mary

Chayko表示，對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，在社交媒體上尋求建議更方便、更高效。）可知，MaryChayko在第2段中

告訴我們，年輕人傾向于在網(wǎng)上尋求建議。故選D。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Theircasualstyleappealstoaudiences,

becauseitoffersglimpsesintowhotheyareaspeople/'Notbeingtoopolishedinthewaythatyoupresentyourself

isanotherindicatorthatyouaresomebodywhocanbetrusted,"Chaykosays.（他們的休閑風(fēng)格吸引著觀眾，因

為它讓我們看到了他們作為人的樣子。Chayko說(shuō)：“你展現(xiàn)自己的方式不太精致是另一個(gè)跡象，表明你是一

個(gè)值得信任的人?？芍?，職業(yè)網(wǎng)紅吸引著他們的粉絲，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)噲D看起來(lái)值得信任。故選D。

（4）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段Whilesocialmediaadvicecanbemotivating,ithasitslimitations.（雖然社交媒

體的建議可以激勵(lì)人，但也有其局限性。）可知，第4段關(guān)注社交媒體職業(yè)建議的缺點(diǎn)。故選C。

本文為說(shuō)明文。文章主要討論了社交媒體職業(yè)影響者如何通過(guò)分享工作技巧而走紅，他們的風(fēng)格通俗易懂，

吸引了大量年輕工作者的關(guān)注。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。做題時(shí)要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌

胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12?15.【答案】A、B、C、D

［解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Acommonstrategyistoreuseexistingwords—i.e.,

wordmeaningextension.Forexample,"mouse"canrefertoacomputercontroldevicenow（——種常見的策略是

重復(fù)使用現(xiàn)有的單詞，即詞義擴(kuò)展。例如，“鼠”現(xiàn)在可以指計(jì)算機(jī)控制設(shè)備），可知給現(xiàn)有單詞添加新的含

義是描述新事物的常用方式，故選A。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Brochhagenetal.usedthreedifferentdatabasets（Brochhagen等人使用了三

個(gè)不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)），可知研究人員通過(guò)從不同角度收集數(shù)據(jù)得出了他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選B。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段

TheanalysisofBrochhagenetal.addstorecentstudiesshowingthatsmall-scaleprocessescanhaveagreateffecto

nlanguagesatalargerscale.Forexample,

wordsthatarecommonlyusedorhaveabstractfeaturesindailyspeechtendtobethosethatevolvemoreslowlyin

thelongterm.Similarly,evidenceindicatesthatlow-levelcognitivehabits,

suchasapreferencefortakingnounphrasesasthecoreofasentence,

mayhaveshapedtheglobalpatternsoflanguagediversity.Takentogether,

thesefindingshaveimportantimplicationsforinvestigatinglanguages（Brochhagen等人的分析表明，最近的研

究表明，小規(guī)模的過(guò)程可以在更大范圍內(nèi)對(duì)語(yǔ)言產(chǎn)生巨大影響。例如，日常言語(yǔ)中常用或具有抽象特征的

單詞往往是那些長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)化較慢的單詞。同樣，有證據(jù)表明，低水平的認(rèn)知習(xí)慣，例如偏好將名詞短語(yǔ)作為

句子的核心，可能塑造了語(yǔ)言多樣性的全球模式?？傊?，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)研究語(yǔ)言具有重要意義），可知最后

一段集中討論了有關(guān)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)化的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C。

（4）標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段的Astheworldchanges,

humansencounternewthingsthatneedtobedescribedusingafixedsetofwords（隨著世界的變化，人類遇到了

需要用一組固定的單詞來(lái)描述的新事物），可知本文主要介紹人們描述新事物的方法，所以

D.Howpeopledescribenewthings（人們?nèi)绾蚊枋鲂率挛铮┠軌蚍从澄恼碌闹黝}，是一個(gè)合適的標(biāo)題，故選D。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹了人們描述新事物所需要的新詞匯的創(chuàng)造方法。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔

細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】F、B、G、D、C

【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)上文

Thestudyskillsusedinhighschoolmaybeadisadvantageinyourcollegeexperience.lncollege,

professorsarenotconcernedifyoupassorfail.（高中時(shí)使用的學(xué)習(xí)技能可能對(duì)你的大學(xué)經(jīng)歷不利。在大學(xué)里，

教授們并不關(guān)心你是及格還是不及格。）可知下文是大學(xué)里面需要靠自己。F項(xiàng)Therefore,

beingself-reliantanddeterminedincollegeisimporlanl.（因此，在大學(xué)里自力更生和下定決心是很重要的。）

符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文Somestudentsmaintainstudyhabitsthatworkforthem,

whetheritisactiverecallorreviewingtheirnotesbeforeanexam.（一些學(xué)生保持著對(duì)他們有用的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，無(wú)

論是主動(dòng)回憶還是在考試前復(fù)習(xí)筆記。）可知下文是其他學(xué)生的情況。B項(xiàng)

Manyothershavenotformedsuchhabits.（許多其他人還沒(méi)有養(yǎng)成這樣的習(xí)慣。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文

Developingandpractisingeffectivestudyhabitswillhelpyoustayorganizedandallowyoutodevelopintoadisci

plinedcollegestudentevenifyouhavealotofclubactivitiestoattend.

（培養(yǎng)和練習(xí)有效的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣將有助于你保持條理，并使你成為一名紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明的大學(xué)生，即使你有很多俱

樂(lè)部活動(dòng)要參加。）可知上文是參加這些俱樂(lè)部的好處。G項(xiàng)Fortunately,

theseactivitiesdon'tpreventyoufromearningyourdegree.（幸運(yùn)的是，這些活動(dòng)并沒(méi)有阻止你獲得學(xué)位。）符

合語(yǔ)境。故選G。

（4）段落大意題。根據(jù)下文Sogetacollegeplannerassoonaspossible!Thismightbearegularplanner,

asimplenotepadorawallcalendar.（所以盡快找個(gè)大學(xué)規(guī)劃師吧！這可能是一個(gè)常規(guī)的計(jì)劃，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的記

事本或掛歷。）可知本段主要介紹了組織的重要性。D項(xiàng)Organization